Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.02
N. О. Parfentsevа, H. V. Holubova
The article substantiates the applicability of statistical methods for product quality assessment, analysis of production processes, business processes, etc. The notion “quality” is characterized and its properties are defined: suitability, operational efficiency, appropriate content, etc. It is highlighted that the State Standard of Ukraine is a national body for standardization, metrology and certification, which defines and approves the quality standardization system in accordance with the international standards Guidance on statistical techniques for ISO 9001:2000. The focus is made on the main methods for quality control, which are considered the most relevant and most widely used. The application of seven quality control methods is described in detail: Control Sheets, Pareto Diagram, Stratification, Histogram, Scatter Diagram, Cause and Effect Diagram, Control Chart. It is substantiated that in a digitalized economy with large scopes of accumulated information, the use of statistical data processing packages is an indisputable tool for analysts. Using statistical quality control methods implemented in the Statistica package, the authors conducted research on simulated data and constructed appropriate graphs and charts. Pareto diagram is designed for ranking the factors with impact on a production process or product quality. The stratification method allows for performing a variance analysis, to determine each factor’s effect on the result. The main advantage of the histogram method is its visibility and simplicity for analyzing the homogeneity of a distribution and checking for normality. Scatter diagrams allow one to evaluate the correlation strength and make graphical descriptions of the dependence between production factors, reveal the impact of a factor characteristic on the resulting one, etc. The Ishikawa’s cause-and-effect diagram provides a tool for arranging the factors with effect on the production process. The use of control charts makes enables for analyzing the production process in dynamics. It is emphasized that the described quality control methods can be applied in any sequence, production cycle or combination: altogether or as separate analytical tools. Based on the results of the study, the main challenges faced now by business analysts are summed up: the mastery of statistical tools and computer data processing for making effective management decisions.
{"title":"Statistical Methods for Quality Control: A Tool for Data Analysis in the Statistica Package","authors":"N. О. Parfentsevа, H. V. Holubova","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates the applicability of statistical methods for product quality assessment, analysis of production processes, business processes, etc. The notion “quality” is characterized and its properties are defined: suitability, operational efficiency, appropriate content, etc. It is highlighted that the State Standard of Ukraine is a national body for standardization, metrology and certification, which defines and approves the quality standardization system in accordance with the international standards Guidance on statistical techniques for ISO 9001:2000. \u0000The focus is made on the main methods for quality control, which are considered the most relevant and most widely used. The application of seven quality control methods is described in detail: Control Sheets, Pareto Diagram, Stratification, Histogram, Scatter Diagram, Cause and Effect Diagram, Control Chart. \u0000It is substantiated that in a digitalized economy with large scopes of accumulated information, the use of statistical data processing packages is an indisputable tool for analysts. Using statistical quality control methods implemented in the Statistica package, the authors conducted research on simulated data and constructed appropriate graphs and charts. Pareto diagram is designed for ranking the factors with impact on a production process or product quality. The stratification method allows for performing a variance analysis, to determine each factor’s effect on the result. \u0000The main advantage of the histogram method is its visibility and simplicity for analyzing the homogeneity of a distribution and checking for normality. Scatter diagrams allow one to evaluate the correlation strength and make graphical descriptions of the dependence between production factors, reveal the impact of a factor characteristic on the resulting one, etc. The Ishikawa’s cause-and-effect diagram provides a tool for arranging the factors with effect on the production process. The use of control charts makes enables for analyzing the production process in dynamics. \u0000It is emphasized that the described quality control methods can be applied in any sequence, production cycle or combination: altogether or as separate analytical tools. Based on the results of the study, the main challenges faced now by business analysts are summed up: the mastery of statistical tools and computer data processing for making effective management decisions.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45395253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.05
Т. Kobylynska, O. M. Motuzka, V. M. Kobylynskyi
The integrated character of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reflects interconnectedness of water systems and their rich biodiversity, supplying communities with foods, clean water and air, mineral resources, and regulating their welfare and economic growth. The increasing awareness of the importance of public access to water ecosystems can have a positive impact on these ecosystems and encourage partnerships to responsible management of these resources and reactions on water crises through improvements of skills and competencies. The article highlights that the development of partnership relations for the achievement of SDGs is a target 17 of SDGs. An assessment of global and national objectives and indicators laid in the basis of the assessment of a progress on the way to the sustainable environmental accounting and the development of urban water ecosystems is given. It should be noted that the statistical information in divided into four groups which data are used in monitoring of the green economy performance: statistical base of nature assets; environmental and resource productivity of economy; environmental quality of life; economic capabilities and political reactions. The analysis showed the importance of the environmental inclusion of respective spatial groups. Aggregations based on drainage basin or ecosystem can provide better understanding of the environmental dimension of many interconnections defined for sweet water and seawater ecosystems. It is expected, however, that the applicable methods and tools will be elaborated in parallel, to simplify data use by politicians. A deeper understanding of interconnections of SDGs will enable for enhancing the efficiency of political measures. It is concluded that the sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development can be achieved only by implementing the overall sectoral approach that will combine the tendencies of the indicators related with the environment with robust policy analysis. This requires the cohesion of all the sustainable development policy dimensions on the basis of the integrated approach, to ensure the elaboration of complementary strategies and to avoid compromises.
{"title":"Statistical Assessment of Sustainable Urban Water Ecosystems","authors":"Т. Kobylynska, O. M. Motuzka, V. M. Kobylynskyi","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The integrated character of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) reflects interconnectedness of water systems and their rich biodiversity, supplying communities with foods, clean water and air, mineral resources, and regulating their welfare and economic growth. The increasing awareness of the importance of public access to water ecosystems can have a positive impact on these ecosystems and encourage partnerships to responsible management of these resources and reactions on water crises through improvements of skills and competencies. \u0000The article highlights that the development of partnership relations for the achievement of SDGs is a target 17 of SDGs. An assessment of global and national objectives and indicators laid in the basis of the assessment of a progress on the way to the sustainable environmental accounting and the development of urban water ecosystems is given. \u0000It should be noted that the statistical information in divided into four groups which data are used in monitoring of the green economy performance: statistical base of nature assets; environmental and resource productivity of economy; environmental quality of life; economic capabilities and political reactions. \u0000The analysis showed the importance of the environmental inclusion of respective spatial groups. Aggregations based on drainage basin or ecosystem can provide better understanding of the environmental dimension of many interconnections defined for sweet water and seawater ecosystems. It is expected, however, that the applicable methods and tools will be elaborated in parallel, to simplify data use by politicians. A deeper understanding of interconnections of SDGs will enable for enhancing the efficiency of political measures. \u0000It is concluded that the sustainable development and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development can be achieved only by implementing the overall sectoral approach that will combine the tendencies of the indicators related with the environment with robust policy analysis. This requires the cohesion of all the sustainable development policy dimensions on the basis of the integrated approach, to ensure the elaboration of complementary strategies and to avoid compromises. ","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45827317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.16
R. Motoryn, Т. М. Motoryna
The contribution of Ukrainian scientists to the development of the International Statistical Institute is analyzed. Among them we included those who were born or studied or worked for a long time in the territory of modern Ukraine. This is participation in Congresses, publications, work in elected positions of the International Statistical Institute and other types of activities. The entire period of development of the International Statistical Institute is divided into four stages, taking into account the political conditions that influenced the participation of our scientists in the activities of the International Statistical Institute: the first – from the year of its foundation, 1885 to 1917 (the October Revolution in Russia), the second – from 1917 to 1939 (beginning of the Second World War, interruption in the work of the ISI until 1947), the third – from 1947 (resumption of the work of the International Statistical Institute) to 1991 (acquiring independence by Ukraine), the fourth – from 1991 to the present time. At the first stage, the role of the elected members of the International Statistical Institute from Ukraine in the activities of the International Statistical Institute was highlighted: Yu. Yanson, I. Strelbytskyi, M. Troinytskyi, I. Kaufman, I. Yanzhul, A. Rafalovych, D. Timiriazev in the activities of the International Statistical Institute, at the second stage – M. Ptoukha, at the third stage: B. Hniedenko and Yu. Lynnyk and at fourth stage: A. Skorokhod, V. Koroliuk, V. Anisimov, D. Silvestrov, R. Motoryn, V. Simchera, O. Kukush, O. Gladun, Yu. Mishura. Not only the activities of the elected but also regular members of the International Statistical Institute are characterized. The importance of these research in the development of international statistics has been proven. The priority of several works performed by Ukrainian scientists has been clarified. Attention is drawn not only to the scientific activity of statisticians, but also to their practical and pedagogical work. The relevance of research currently being carried out by Ukrainian scientists is shown.
{"title":"The Ukrainian Trace on the Way of Development of the International Statistical Institute","authors":"R. Motoryn, Т. М. Motoryna","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.16","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of Ukrainian scientists to the development of the International Statistical Institute is analyzed. Among them we included those who were born or studied or worked for a long time in the territory of modern Ukraine. This is participation in Congresses, publications, work in elected positions of the International Statistical Institute and other types of activities. The entire period of development of the International Statistical Institute is divided into four stages, taking into account the political conditions that influenced the participation of our scientists in the activities of the International Statistical Institute: the first – from the year of its foundation, 1885 to 1917 (the October Revolution in Russia), the second – from 1917 to 1939 (beginning of the Second World War, interruption in the work of the ISI until 1947), the third – from 1947 (resumption of the work of the International Statistical Institute) to 1991 (acquiring independence by Ukraine), the fourth – from 1991 to the present time. At the first stage, the role of the elected members of the International Statistical Institute from Ukraine in the activities of the International Statistical Institute was highlighted: Yu. Yanson, I. Strelbytskyi, M. Troinytskyi, I. Kaufman, I. Yanzhul, A. Rafalovych, D. Timiriazev in the activities of the International Statistical Institute, at the second stage – M. Ptoukha, at the third stage: B. Hniedenko and Yu. Lynnyk and at fourth stage: A. Skorokhod, V. Koroliuk, V. Anisimov, D. Silvestrov, R. Motoryn, V. Simchera, O. Kukush, O. Gladun, Yu. Mishura. Not only the activities of the elected but also regular members of the International Statistical Institute are characterized. The importance of these research in the development of international statistics has been proven. The priority of several works performed by Ukrainian scientists has been clarified. Attention is drawn not only to the scientific activity of statisticians, but also to their practical and pedagogical work. The relevance of research currently being carried out by Ukrainian scientists is shown.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41480400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.06
O. B. Salikhova, O. Krekhivskyi
China in the late 1980s, has embarked on a new path of high-tech manufactury development that is in line with its ambitions. The philosophy of China’s innovation and industrial policy is based on the idea that the achievement of competitive manufactury must be through the national high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, creating new products and processes based on indigenous innovation. The purpose of the study is to to explore the Chinese experience on policy and mechanisms of development of high-tech manufacturies and to analyze of statistical tools to assess its implications; to assess the appropriateness or feasibility of their application in modern economic conditions of Ukraine. The study’s results have enhanced the existing understanding of the effect of State on accelerating the process structural transformation of the economy and its qualitative technological growth. Discovered the fact, that the Chinese Government is providing substantial support in the form of subsidies and tax incentives for establishment of special high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises for encourage the production of new and high-tech products and processes. It was revealed that, in order to grasp the economic operation and scientific, technological, industrial development of high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, statistical investigation system was specially formulated іn addition to official statistics of the High-tech industries. It is proven that China’s state-led innovation development model has successfully accompanied and stimulated the growth of high-tech over the last 30 years; and has produced numerous endogenous technological innovations. Analysis revealed that considerable efforts in the field of policy of China transforming the industry into a high-tech sector of the economy and a powerful player in the global market have outstanding performance. The article presents the new indicator EVA – coefficient of Comparative Advantages in the Domestic Value Added Exports and formula for its calculation is provided which allow the assessment of the position of China’s high-tech industries, widening the ‘revealed comparative advantage’ concept. This study shows some important conclusions about the determinants of success of the Chinese government in increase of resources for the modernization of industrial technologies, building and strengthening of potential of domestic high-tech manufacturies. It would be advisable to take into account some important levers of influence, following the example of China, when choosing mechanisms for the economic recovery of Ukraine after war.
{"title":"Policy of Development of High-tech in China: Lessons for Ukraine","authors":"O. B. Salikhova, O. Krekhivskyi","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"China in the late 1980s, has embarked on a new path of high-tech manufactury development that is in line with its ambitions. The philosophy of China’s innovation and industrial policy is based on the idea that the achievement of competitive manufactury must be through the national high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, creating new products and processes based on indigenous innovation. The purpose of the study is to to explore the Chinese experience on policy and mechanisms of development of high-tech manufacturies and to analyze of statistical tools to assess its implications; to assess the appropriateness or feasibility of their application in modern economic conditions of Ukraine. The study’s results have enhanced the existing understanding of the effect of State on accelerating the process structural transformation of the economy and its qualitative technological growth. Discovered the fact, that the Chinese Government is providing substantial support in the form of subsidies and tax incentives for establishment of special high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises for encourage the production of new and high-tech products and processes. It was revealed that, in order to grasp the economic operation and scientific, technological, industrial development of high-tech zones and high-tech enterprises, statistical investigation system was specially formulated іn addition to official statistics of the High-tech industries. It is proven that China’s state-led innovation development model has successfully accompanied and stimulated the growth of high-tech over the last 30 years; and has produced numerous endogenous technological innovations. Analysis revealed that considerable efforts in the field of policy of China transforming the industry into a high-tech sector of the economy and a powerful player in the global market have outstanding performance. The article presents the new indicator EVA – coefficient of Comparative Advantages in the Domestic Value Added Exports and formula for its calculation is provided which allow the assessment of the position of China’s high-tech industries, widening the ‘revealed comparative advantage’ concept. This study shows some important conclusions about the determinants of success of the Chinese government in increase of resources for the modernization of industrial technologies, building and strengthening of potential of domestic high-tech manufacturies. It would be advisable to take into account some important levers of influence, following the example of China, when choosing mechanisms for the economic recovery of Ukraine after war.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45480247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.01
О. H. Osaulenko, О. О. Horobets
Important issues of Smart statistics are addressed. The Smart statistics toolkit is analyzed: big data, data of artificial intellect and Internet of things, social media, and administrative data. The study involves conceptualization of the Smart statistics and identification of advantages and threats for the official statistics in using Smart statistics data. A set of principles for operating big data are proposed, with categorizing the sources of big data generation (in conformity with the economic activities), presently demanded by the official statistics and the society (agriculture, health protection, mining industry, mechanical engineering, education, power industry). A smart data system in smart cities is developed, containing the following components: smart house, smart environment, smart control, smart traffic, smart health, and smart citizen. It is determined that the system’s objective is to create the smart environment and simplify the way of life through saving time, energy and money. The components of personalized collection and dissemination of data are determined. The artificial intelligence (AI) is considered as a component of the Smart statistics conception. In this article’s context, the authors observe that using AI causes ethical discourses on issues such as property right for data, transparence and accountability of data. These discourses need to accounted for, in order to assure that AI technologies are used by the official statistics in a responsible and ethical manner. Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that now it is necessary to create logical and adequate approaches to elaborating a methodology for collection, processing, grouping and analysis of statistical data from alternative information sources. It is argued that in spite of the advantages of the smart statistics toolkit and potentially positive results of its implementation in the official statistics, present-day Ukraine is not ready to face the threats involved in it given the war conditions and lack of a regulatory framework for its use. Further studies on this theme have to focus on in-depth analysis of Smart statistics and search for optimal ways for implementing its toolkit in the official statistics of Ukraine.
{"title":"Implementing Smart Statistics Toolkit in the Official Statistics","authors":"О. H. Osaulenko, О. О. Horobets","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Important issues of Smart statistics are addressed. The Smart statistics toolkit is analyzed: big data, data of artificial intellect and Internet of things, social media, and administrative data. \u0000The study involves conceptualization of the Smart statistics and identification of advantages and threats for the official statistics in using Smart statistics data. A set of principles for operating big data are proposed, with categorizing the sources of big data generation (in conformity with the economic activities), presently demanded by the official statistics and the society (agriculture, health protection, mining industry, mechanical engineering, education, power industry). A smart data system in smart cities is developed, containing the following components: smart house, smart environment, smart control, smart traffic, smart health, and smart citizen. It is determined that the system’s objective is to create the smart environment and simplify the way of life through saving time, energy and money. The components of personalized collection and dissemination of data are determined. \u0000The artificial intelligence (AI) is considered as a component of the Smart statistics conception. In this article’s context, the authors observe that using AI causes ethical discourses on issues such as property right for data, transparence and accountability of data. These discourses need to accounted for, in order to assure that AI technologies are used by the official statistics in a responsible and ethical manner. \u0000Based on the results of the study, it is concluded that now it is necessary to create logical and adequate approaches to elaborating a methodology for collection, processing, grouping and analysis of statistical data from alternative information sources. It is argued that in spite of the advantages of the smart statistics toolkit and potentially positive results of its implementation in the official statistics, present-day Ukraine is not ready to face the threats involved in it given the war conditions and lack of a regulatory framework for its use. \u0000Further studies on this theme have to focus on in-depth analysis of Smart statistics and search for optimal ways for implementing its toolkit in the official statistics of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47702976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.07
S. S. Gerasymenko, V. V. Нerasymenko
The article is devoted to analysis of tendencies in the employment, its patterns and determining factors in the world and selected countries, problems of the effective population’s employment and prevention of the massive unemployment. The high level of unemployment and large scales of the poverty, small numbers of job vacancies along with large numbers of unemployed per job vacancy are explicit negative features of the domestic and regional labor markets. A problem of special importance is the unemployment that has gained large scales in nearly all the strata of the population, worsened their welfare and life standards, to become a problem of global dimension. Analysis and solutions of unemployment problems have always drawn the increased attention of researchers in economics throughout the history of economic thought. The search for levers and tools allowing for eliminating this phenomenon with reliance on the total employment mechanism has been central to all the economic theories. A review of scientific developments focused on the essence and problems of unemployment shows the variety of approaches to the solution of problems associated with this phenomenon. In view of the above, assessment, modelling and forecasting of the labor market has a leading position in socio-economic studies. The article contains the author’s substantiation of the feasibility of assessment and analysis of the level and dynamics of unemployment as an important component of the labor market under the impact of factors such as the economic mode and its structural change, the technical and organizational level of entrepreneurship, the balance between the structure of production means and workforce, the overall performance of business management system. An analytical review and comparison of the contents of social programs for protection of unemployed in selected countries is made. The problem of assessment and determining the patterns of factor impact on the variations of unemployment level is addressed in the article on the basis of data on the dynamics of real gross domestic product and inflation, used for the aggregated assessment of the current performance of a national economy. It is recommended that the foundations of the policy on stabilization of prices, payment balance and structural transformations be developed in the future, given their impact on the employment and the income of the whole population and their groups, which consequence is supposed to be improvement of the labor market structure, unemployment reduction in particular. Determining the degree and vector of these measures’ impact on a national economy will be the next phase of the study.
{"title":"The Employment in Ukraine and the World: The Condition and Prospects","authors":"S. S. Gerasymenko, V. V. Нerasymenko","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to analysis of tendencies in the employment, its patterns and determining factors in the world and selected countries, problems of the effective population’s employment and prevention of the massive unemployment. The high level of unemployment and large scales of the poverty, small numbers of job vacancies along with large numbers of unemployed per job vacancy are explicit negative features of the domestic and regional labor markets. A problem of special importance is the unemployment that has gained large scales in nearly all the strata of the population, worsened their welfare and life standards, to become a problem of global dimension. \u0000Analysis and solutions of unemployment problems have always drawn the increased attention of researchers in economics throughout the history of economic thought. The search for levers and tools allowing for eliminating this phenomenon with reliance on the total employment mechanism has been central to all the economic theories. A review of scientific developments focused on the essence and problems of unemployment shows the variety of approaches to the solution of problems associated with this phenomenon. \u0000In view of the above, assessment, modelling and forecasting of the labor market has a leading position in socio-economic studies. The article contains the author’s substantiation of the feasibility of assessment and analysis of the level and dynamics of unemployment as an important component of the labor market under the impact of factors such as the economic mode and its structural change, the technical and organizational level of entrepreneurship, the balance between the structure of production means and workforce, the overall performance of business management system. An analytical review and comparison of the contents of social programs for protection of unemployed in selected countries is made. \u0000The problem of assessment and determining the patterns of factor impact on the variations of unemployment level is addressed in the article on the basis of data on the dynamics of real gross domestic product and inflation, used for the aggregated assessment of the current performance of a national economy. It is recommended that the foundations of the policy on stabilization of prices, payment balance and structural transformations be developed in the future, given their impact on the employment and the income of the whole population and their groups, which consequence is supposed to be improvement of the labor market structure, unemployment reduction in particular. Determining the degree and vector of these measures’ impact on a national economy will be the next phase of the study.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48854710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.08
V. B. Zakhozhai
The article discusses the information and analytical aspect of the management in the three vitally important spheres of the human activities, i. e. social, economic and law enforcement ones, from the perspective of a comprehensive diagnostics of the circumstances and factors that have impact on their efficiency. The number of principles to be laid in the basis of a study devoted to the information and analytical support (IAS) of the law enforcement system are proposed. The results of this study show that IAS, apart from using advanced information technologies, provides a framework for substantiating and elaborating the measures aimed at the elimination of actual and potential crime as a threat to the successful social and economic development of a country, correcting the goals, objectives and directions of combatting the crime in keeping with the needs of the social and economic activities, rational selection of the staff and their effective use, etc. The implementation of the outlined objectives involves the emphasis on keeping with the requirements of the legal support for the national and economic security of the state. The following components of the diagnostics were defined: identifying the problem’s essence; constructing a set of indicators; creating a methodological framework for the assessment of proportionality, intensity and tendency of the development, the causality and effectiveness of the structural transformation; ranking the effectiveness of activities; assessing in real time the consequences of the implemented administrative decisions; controlling the execution of elaborated measures on combatting crime, etc. The methodology of statistical study, establishing the rules, techniques and methods for defining the patterns and tendencies of socio-economic phenomena and processes under the impact of factors originating from the internal and external environment, is proposed as the key component of the diagnostics. The law enforcement bodies are characterized in the context of study of social and economic problems as not only a penitentiary institution, but also the one which work is backed by analysis and preventive forecasting of violations and their factors and involves recommendations on their prevention. It is demonstrated that the management in combatting crime is a complex activity aimed at the achievement of positive results through the effective utilization of available resources and the implementation of principles, functions and methods of analytical study. The effective combatting of crime has to rest upon the comprehensive monitoring, which is a multitier system for tracing and predicting the dynamics of socio-economic processes by use of advanced tools of politics, surveillance and reaction. These objectives have to be achieved by IAS system enabling for causal links between law enforcement and socio-economic activities, which components are proposed in the article. Its result is a statistical assessment of these process
{"title":"Information and Analytical Support for the Management of Law Enforcement and Socio-Economic Activities (on the Basis of Methodologies and Practices of Applied Statistics)","authors":"V. B. Zakhozhai","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the information and analytical aspect of the management in the three vitally important spheres of the human activities, i. e. social, economic and law enforcement ones, from the perspective of a comprehensive diagnostics of the circumstances and factors that have impact on their efficiency. The number of principles to be laid in the basis of a study devoted to the information and analytical support (IAS) of the law enforcement system are proposed. The results of this study show that IAS, apart from using advanced information technologies, provides a framework for substantiating and elaborating the measures aimed at the elimination of actual and potential crime as a threat to the successful social and economic development of a country, correcting the goals, objectives and directions of combatting the crime in keeping with the needs of the social and economic activities, rational selection of the staff and their effective use, etc. The implementation of the outlined objectives involves the emphasis on keeping with the requirements of the legal support for the national and economic security of the state. \u0000The following components of the diagnostics were defined: identifying the problem’s essence; constructing a set of indicators; creating a methodological framework for the assessment of proportionality, intensity and tendency of the development, the causality and effectiveness of the structural transformation; ranking the effectiveness of activities; assessing in real time the consequences of the implemented administrative decisions; controlling the execution of elaborated measures on combatting crime, etc. \u0000The methodology of statistical study, establishing the rules, techniques and methods for defining the patterns and tendencies of socio-economic phenomena and processes under the impact of factors originating from the internal and external environment, is proposed as the key component of the diagnostics. The law enforcement bodies are characterized in the context of study of social and economic problems as not only a penitentiary institution, but also the one which work is backed by analysis and preventive forecasting of violations and their factors and involves recommendations on their prevention. It is demonstrated that the management in combatting crime is a complex activity aimed at the achievement of positive results through the effective utilization of available resources and the implementation of principles, functions and methods of analytical study. The effective combatting of crime has to rest upon the comprehensive monitoring, which is a multitier system for tracing and predicting the dynamics of socio-economic processes by use of advanced tools of politics, surveillance and reaction. These objectives have to be achieved by IAS system enabling for causal links between law enforcement and socio-economic activities, which components are proposed in the article. Its result is a statistical assessment of these process","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41638918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.15
О. Y. Redko
The article critically analyzes the state of modern Ukrainian audit science. It is noted that over the past five years there have been 310 defenses of theses in the specialty "Accounting, analysis and audit", of which only 8% were devoted exclusively to audit topics, including only 3% for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Economic Sciences. Analyzing the declared topic of scientific research, the author draws attention to the fact that scientists research questions that are, so to speak, "by ear" in the professional environment. This is mainly a question of audit quality and its external and internal control. Unfortunately, there are no studies that would develop, first of all, the audit methodology, its methods and procedures, the peculiarities of auditing in computer networks. The author notes the parallel existence of audit science and practice. The reason given is the impossibility of combining scientific research with practical audit activity, the lack of interest of audit practitioners in the results of scientific research. Analyzing the scientific work of institutions of higher education, the author states the parallel existence of audit science and practice. The reason given is the impossibility of combining scientific research with practical audit activity, the lack of interest of audit practitioners in the results of scientific research. Analyzing the scientific work of institutions of higher education, the author singles out a small number of centers where audit is researched, among which examines the work of the Audit Scientific School of the National Center for Accounting and Audit of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit. In the article, the author makes several proposals that, in his opinion, can improve the interaction of Ukrainian science and auditing practice.
{"title":"Наука та аудит. Гештальт ще не закрито","authors":"О. Y. Redko","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article critically analyzes the state of modern Ukrainian audit science. It is noted that over the past five years there have been 310 defenses of theses in the specialty \"Accounting, analysis and audit\", of which only 8% were devoted exclusively to audit topics, including only 3% for obtaining the scientific degree of Doctor of Economic Sciences. Analyzing the declared topic of scientific research, the author draws attention to the fact that scientists research questions that are, so to speak, \"by ear\" in the professional environment. This is mainly a question of audit quality and its external and internal control. Unfortunately, there are no studies that would develop, first of all, the audit methodology, its methods and procedures, the peculiarities of auditing in computer networks. The author notes the parallel existence of audit science and practice. The reason given is the impossibility of combining scientific research with practical audit activity, the lack of interest of audit practitioners in the results of scientific research. Analyzing the scientific work of institutions of higher education, the author states the parallel existence of audit science and practice. The reason given is the impossibility of combining scientific research with practical audit activity, the lack of interest of audit practitioners in the results of scientific research. Analyzing the scientific work of institutions of higher education, the author singles out a small number of centers where audit is researched, among which examines the work of the Audit Scientific School of the National Center for Accounting and Audit of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit. In the article, the author makes several proposals that, in his opinion, can improve the interaction of Ukrainian science and auditing practice.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48631026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.12
M. Puhachova
The occurrence of a new virus that hit the whole world increased the need in not only the processing of the grown scopes of information that had to be used for patient treatment (tracking the course of decease, use of certain drugs, vaccination, death record), but also in creating new online information resources and more intensive use of existing resources (online registers, databases, cadasters, classifiers, etc.) and information systems supporting their operation within and beyond the health care system. Hence, the pandemic proved to be an accelerator of the digitalization of this sphere and other socio-economic sectors. Developed countries have been taking use of high performing systems for online information resources for decades, enabling for accumulating statistical data and making their sound and quick analysis. Ukraine recently has made essential advance on the way to digitalization and, as experts believe, could even outrun Estonia that had been a model example for the majority of European countries in this field. Many countries have created the ground for quick implementation of new online information resources allowing for the storage of all the accumulated information on COVID-19 pandemic. One of these countries is evidently Poland with its rather well-developed system of registers in the health protection system. Large scopes of information about the course of pandemic have been published on various websites of national and foreign organizations engaged in investigating demographic and health care issues. The article contains an analysis of what data about the pandemic, created on the basis of online information resources, is displayed on platforms of international organizations, Poland and Ukraine. A comparison of Poland and Ukraine by some indicators reflecting the spread of coronavirus and fighting with it was made. These indicators include the morbidity, the death toll per million inhabitants, the number of made vaccinations against COVID-19. The study covers the dynamics of a new indicator over the pandemic period, the cruelty index introduced by foreign researchers and used to reveal the reaction of country authorities on the spread of this decease. The article’s objective is to investigate the feasibility of using online resources for analysis of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mortality growth in Poland and Ukraine. The experience of Polish experts was used in providing some recommendations on introducing additional online tools in the Ukrainian health care, in particularly ones designed for predicting epidemic threats and diagnostics of infections.
{"title":"Using Electronic Resources for Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 on the Mortality Growth in Poland and Ukraine","authors":"M. Puhachova","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.12","url":null,"abstract":"The occurrence of a new virus that hit the whole world increased the need in not only the processing of the grown scopes of information that had to be used for patient treatment (tracking the course of decease, use of certain drugs, vaccination, death record), but also in creating new online information resources and more intensive use of existing resources (online registers, databases, cadasters, classifiers, etc.) and information systems supporting their operation within and beyond the health care system. Hence, the pandemic proved to be an accelerator of the digitalization of this sphere and other socio-economic sectors. Developed countries have been taking use of high performing systems for online information resources for decades, enabling for accumulating statistical data and making their sound and quick analysis. Ukraine recently has made essential advance on the way to digitalization and, as experts believe, could even outrun Estonia that had been a model example for the majority of European countries in this field. Many countries have created the ground for quick implementation of new online information resources allowing for the storage of all the accumulated information on COVID-19 pandemic. One of these countries is evidently Poland with its rather well-developed system of registers in the health protection system. \u0000Large scopes of information about the course of pandemic have been published on various websites of national and foreign organizations engaged in investigating demographic and health care issues. The article contains an analysis of what data about the pandemic, created on the basis of online information resources, is displayed on platforms of international organizations, Poland and Ukraine. A comparison of Poland and Ukraine by some indicators reflecting the spread of coronavirus and fighting with it was made. These indicators include the morbidity, the death toll per million inhabitants, the number of made vaccinations against COVID-19. The study covers the dynamics of a new indicator over the pandemic period, the cruelty index introduced by foreign researchers and used to reveal the reaction of country authorities on the spread of this decease. \u0000The article’s objective is to investigate the feasibility of using online resources for analysis of the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mortality growth in Poland and Ukraine. \u0000The experience of Polish experts was used in providing some recommendations on introducing additional online tools in the Ukrainian health care, in particularly ones designed for predicting epidemic threats and diagnostics of infections.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46433387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-31DOI: 10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.11
W. Okrasa
This article discusses selected results of a comparative study aimed at understanding the relationship between the location – in particular, within the borderland, understood as an area within a radius of 50 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border, on both sides – and the development of the community, on one side, and its impact on well-being of the areas’ inhabitants, households and individuals, on the other. As emphasized in the general hypothesis underlying this study, the importance of locating in such areas (both for communities and individuals) results from transborder economic activity, which was quite intensive before the February 2022. The question about the role of ʽplaceʼ and ʽspaceʼ for quality of life and well-being – including possible concentration of territorial units (gminas, rayons) of similar levels of development, or ‘neighbourhood effect’ (or clustering) among individuals/households – needs to be extended by analysis of the cross-level interaction between the community’s and individual’s respective measures of development and well-being. For this purpose, data from the two types of sources are used: (i) Local Data Bank (Poland) and Rayon Database (Ukraine) to characterize the level of (under)development and local deprivation, and (ii) data from survey of households conducted in parallel way in selected communes in Podkarpacie and Lviv. In the conclusions, confirmed is expectation that border residential neighbourhood/borderland has significant impact on individual and community respective measures, and on interaction between them (e.g., on average higher well-being in less deprived/better developed communities). However, some caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions for policy purposes, given the narrow scope of this type of (non-representative) research. But the methodological advantage of the above approach due to the inclusion of spatial aspects argues for the need for its further exploration, in a comparative perspective.
{"title":"The Impact of The Polish-Ukrainian Borderland on The Local Community Well-Being","authors":"W. Okrasa","doi":"10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31767/su.1(100)2023.01.11","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses selected results of a comparative study aimed at understanding the relationship between the location – in particular, within the borderland, understood as an area within a radius of 50 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border, on both sides – and the development of the community, on one side, and its impact on well-being of the areas’ inhabitants, households and individuals, on the other. As emphasized in the general hypothesis underlying this study, the importance of locating in such areas (both for communities and individuals) results from transborder economic activity, which was quite intensive before the February 2022. The question about the role of ʽplaceʼ and ʽspaceʼ for quality of life and well-being – including possible concentration of territorial units (gminas, rayons) of similar levels of development, or ‘neighbourhood effect’ (or clustering) among individuals/households – needs to be extended by analysis of the cross-level interaction between the community’s and individual’s respective measures of development and well-being. For this purpose, data from the two types of sources are used: (i) Local Data Bank (Poland) and Rayon Database (Ukraine) to characterize the level of (under)development and local deprivation, and (ii) data from survey of households conducted in parallel way in selected communes in Podkarpacie and Lviv. In the conclusions, confirmed is expectation that border residential neighbourhood/borderland has significant impact on individual and community respective measures, and on interaction between them (e.g., on average higher well-being in less deprived/better developed communities). However, some caution should be exercised when drawing conclusions for policy purposes, given the narrow scope of this type of (non-representative) research. But the methodological advantage of the above approach due to the inclusion of spatial aspects argues for the need for its further exploration, in a comparative perspective.","PeriodicalId":52812,"journal":{"name":"Statistika Ukrayini","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45053881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：