Pub Date : 2021-04-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.320317
Mingwei Wang, Xin-yan Fu, Wen Wen, Chun-yi Wang, Jie Ni, Jing-jie Jiang, Minjua Wu, Zhao Xu, Yong-Ran Cheng, Meng-yun Zhou, L. Ye, Zhanhui Feng, Juan Chen, Xing-wei Zhang
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the current knowledge levels on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators of Chinese citizens. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire survey on the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs during an OHCA event was conducted in three high-traffic train stations in Hangzhou and Taizhou, China. The survey included questions on previous experience with CPR, recognition of cardiac arrest, CPR-related concerns, and AED knowledge. Results: A total of 6268 participants were surveyed about their knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs. A total of 5981 valid questionnaires, including 3008 from female respondents (50.2%) and 2973 from male respondents (49.8%), were retrieved. The participants were geographically distributed as follows: 18.5% from western China, 19.5% from central China, and 77.0% from eastern China. The educational level, regular residence, and sex of the respondents, as well as legislative policies, were relevant to the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs for OHCA events. The results showed that men were more active than women in terms of CPR training and implementation, as well as had more knowledge and used AEDs more often. More people in eastern and central China had witnessed CPR performance, would pay for CPR training, and would be willing to perform CPR if there was a related legislative policy. Moreover, educational level was crucial to the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs during OHCA events. Conclusions: Chinese citizens lack CPR and AED knowledge and training compared with people in developed countries. We recommend that the state should increase public awareness of CPR and AEDs in China. Mass education, policy implementation, specialized training, and legislative action should be carried out.
{"title":"A Survey of knowledge on and attitudes toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators in China","authors":"Mingwei Wang, Xin-yan Fu, Wen Wen, Chun-yi Wang, Jie Ni, Jing-jie Jiang, Minjua Wu, Zhao Xu, Yong-Ran Cheng, Meng-yun Zhou, L. Ye, Zhanhui Feng, Juan Chen, Xing-wei Zhang","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.320317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.320317","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the current knowledge levels on cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillators of Chinese citizens. Methods: A face-to-face questionnaire survey on the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs during an OHCA event was conducted in three high-traffic train stations in Hangzhou and Taizhou, China. The survey included questions on previous experience with CPR, recognition of cardiac arrest, CPR-related concerns, and AED knowledge. Results: A total of 6268 participants were surveyed about their knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs. A total of 5981 valid questionnaires, including 3008 from female respondents (50.2%) and 2973 from male respondents (49.8%), were retrieved. The participants were geographically distributed as follows: 18.5% from western China, 19.5% from central China, and 77.0% from eastern China. The educational level, regular residence, and sex of the respondents, as well as legislative policies, were relevant to the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs for OHCA events. The results showed that men were more active than women in terms of CPR training and implementation, as well as had more knowledge and used AEDs more often. More people in eastern and central China had witnessed CPR performance, would pay for CPR training, and would be willing to perform CPR if there was a related legislative policy. Moreover, educational level was crucial to the knowledge of and attitudes toward the use of CPR and AEDs during OHCA events. Conclusions: Chinese citizens lack CPR and AED knowledge and training compared with people in developed countries. We recommend that the state should increase public awareness of CPR and AEDs in China. Mass education, policy implementation, specialized training, and legislative action should be carried out.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"121 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43080853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312598
Zhiyi Ma
Due to the difference in drug treatment strategies between the “2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines” and the “Expert consensus on the management of hypertension in the young and middle-aged Chinese population” consensus, I made a hypothesis on hypertension mechanisms. The mechanisms behind hypertension differ between age groups. For instance, the sympathetic nervous system might play more important role young and middle-aged hypertensive patients. In this commentary, hypertension mechanisms were classified into initiation and secondary mechanisms. Thereafter, their quantity-effect relationship was speculated. These helped deepen the understanding of the time association and the crosstalk mechanisms.
{"title":"Initiating and secondary mechanisms of hypertension along the time course","authors":"Zhiyi Ma","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312598","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the difference in drug treatment strategies between the “2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines” and the “Expert consensus on the management of hypertension in the young and middle-aged Chinese population” consensus, I made a hypothesis on hypertension mechanisms. The mechanisms behind hypertension differ between age groups. For instance, the sympathetic nervous system might play more important role young and middle-aged hypertensive patients. In this commentary, hypertension mechanisms were classified into initiation and secondary mechanisms. Thereafter, their quantity-effect relationship was speculated. These helped deepen the understanding of the time association and the crosstalk mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"21 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44428764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312597
Yu-yao Ji, Siang Wei, R. Xu, Runda Wu, K. Yao, Y. Zou
Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to myocardial infarction (MI), which may serve as research and therapeutic targets. Methods: MI expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEGs were screened using GEO2R, and DEGs in multiple datasets were identified using Venn diagrams. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery v6.8. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape 3.7.2. Coexpedia was used for gene coexpression network analysis and functional annotation. Results: We identified 50 DEGs in the four datasets, including 29 with important roles in the PPI network. GO functional enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of DEGs in biological processes such as cytokine activation, peptidase inhibition, and chemokine activation. KEGG analysis revealed enrichment in chemokine signaling and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. Gene coexpression network analysis identified nine hub genes involved in the occurrence and development of MI including tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; CD44 antigen; lysyl oxidase; formyl peptide receptor 2; matrix metallopeptidase 3; formyl peptide receptor 1; serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; and elastin. Conclusions: The hub genes identified may play important roles in MI-related biological processes and represent potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Therefore, this study lays a foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of MI.
目的:本研究旨在鉴定与心肌梗死(MI)相关的差异表达基因(DEGs)，作为研究和治疗靶点。方法:从Gene expression Omnibus (GEO)数据库中获取MI表达谱。使用GEO2R筛选deg，并使用维恩图识别多个数据集中的deg。使用Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery v6.8进行基因本体(GO)和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)途径富集分析。利用STRING和Cytoscape 3.7.2构建蛋白-蛋白相互作用(PPI)网络。使用Coexpedia进行基因共表达网络分析和功能标注。结果:我们在四个数据集中确定了50个deg，其中29个在PPI网络中起重要作用。氧化石墨烯功能富集分析显示，deg参与生物过程，如细胞因子激活、肽酶抑制和趋化因子激活。KEGG分析显示趋化因子信号和细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用富集。基因共表达网络分析鉴定出包括金属蛋白酶组织抑制剂1在内的9个参与心肌梗死发生发展的枢纽基因;CD44抗原;赖氨酰化氧;甲酰基肽受体2;基质金属肽酶3;甲酰基肽受体1;丝氨酸(或半胱氨酸)肽酶抑制剂，分支E，成员1;前列腺素内过氧化物合成酶2;和弹性蛋白。结论:发现的枢纽基因可能在心肌梗死相关的生物学过程中发挥重要作用，具有潜在的诊断和治疗靶点。因此，本研究为进一步探索心肌梗死的分子机制奠定了基础。
{"title":"Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential biomarkers for the prediction and treatment of myocardial infarction","authors":"Yu-yao Ji, Siang Wei, R. Xu, Runda Wu, K. Yao, Y. Zou","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312597","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to myocardial infarction (MI), which may serve as research and therapeutic targets. Methods: MI expression profiles were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. DEGs were screened using GEO2R, and DEGs in multiple datasets were identified using Venn diagrams. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery v6.8. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING and Cytoscape 3.7.2. Coexpedia was used for gene coexpression network analysis and functional annotation. Results: We identified 50 DEGs in the four datasets, including 29 with important roles in the PPI network. GO functional enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of DEGs in biological processes such as cytokine activation, peptidase inhibition, and chemokine activation. KEGG analysis revealed enrichment in chemokine signaling and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions. Gene coexpression network analysis identified nine hub genes involved in the occurrence and development of MI including tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1; CD44 antigen; lysyl oxidase; formyl peptide receptor 2; matrix metallopeptidase 3; formyl peptide receptor 1; serine (or cysteine) peptidase inhibitor, clade E, member 1; prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; and elastin. Conclusions: The hub genes identified may play important roles in MI-related biological processes and represent potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Therefore, this study lays a foundation for further exploration of the molecular mechanisms of MI.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"48 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41391187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312600
Yuxiang Dai, J. Ge
{"title":"Precision medicine in coronary artery disease: Time for implementation into practice","authors":"Yuxiang Dai, J. Ge","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312600","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42431330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312591
M. Gori, E. D’Elia, M. Senni
Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) is a new drug which has been recently recommended by the international guidelines for the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), S/V is associated with a better cardiovascular outcome, and to a greater beneficial effect on myocardial reverse remodeling. Recent evidence has shown that S/V is not only recommended in chronic patients but it is also approved in the acute setting; moreover, its safety and tolerability have been demonstrated also in the pediatric population. This review summarizes data on the effectiveness and tolerability of S/V in HFrEF patients and offers practical insights to manage this drug in every setting, providing an overview from randomized clinical trials' data to real-world evidence.
{"title":"Evidence of superiority of sacubitril/valsartan versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin ii receptor blockers in the heart failure with reduced ejection fraction patient's journey","authors":"M. Gori, E. D’Elia, M. Senni","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312591","url":null,"abstract":"Sacubitril/valsartan (S/V) is a new drug which has been recently recommended by the international guidelines for the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Compared to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), S/V is associated with a better cardiovascular outcome, and to a greater beneficial effect on myocardial reverse remodeling. Recent evidence has shown that S/V is not only recommended in chronic patients but it is also approved in the acute setting; moreover, its safety and tolerability have been demonstrated also in the pediatric population. This review summarizes data on the effectiveness and tolerability of S/V in HFrEF patients and offers practical insights to manage this drug in every setting, providing an overview from randomized clinical trials' data to real-world evidence.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"23 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49006725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312595
Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common and important causes of heart failure (HF). In China, HF after MI has a high incidence, and the prognosis is poor. In recent years, although China has successively issued guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MI and HF, respectively, there remains a lack of unified guidance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies of HF after MI. Experts from the Branch of Cardiovascular Physicians, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the Chinese Cardiovascular Association compiled this consensus, covering the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and management of HF after MI. It aims to promote and optimize standardized clinical strategies for the disease management and improve patient outcome.
{"title":"2020 expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of heart failure after myocardial infarction","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312595","url":null,"abstract":"Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the most common and important causes of heart failure (HF). In China, HF after MI has a high incidence, and the prognosis is poor. In recent years, although China has successively issued guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of MI and HF, respectively, there remains a lack of unified guidance for the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies of HF after MI. Experts from the Branch of Cardiovascular Physicians, Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the Chinese Cardiovascular Association compiled this consensus, covering the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and management of HF after MI. It aims to promote and optimize standardized clinical strategies for the disease management and improve patient outcome.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"4 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48880100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312596
Shengqi Ma, Jinhua Zhu, Lei Wu, Yan He, Liyun Ren, Bin Shen, Jia Yu, Rongyan Zhang, Jing Li, Mingzhi Zhang, Hao Peng
Objectives: Furin has been associated with hypertension through unclear underlying mechanisms. FURIN promoter methylation may participate in the underlying mechanisms, but no evidence supports this possibility. Here, we performed a prospective analysis to study the association between FURIN promoter methylation and incident hypertension. Methods: DNA methylation levels in the FURIN promoter were quantified by target bisulfite sequencing using peripheral blood from 1043 participants in the Gusu cohort (mean age: 50 years, 30% men) who were free of hypertension at baseline. After an average of 4 years of follow-up, 149 (14.3%) participants developed hypertension. Multiple testing was controlled for by measuring the false-discovery rate. Results: Of the eight CpG loci assayed, DNA methylation levels at Chr15: 91416118 were significantly associated with incident hypertension after adjusting for covariates and multiple testing (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–1.64, q = 0.001). The weighted truncated-product method, which combines single CpG associations, revealed that DNA methylation at multiple CpG sites was jointly associated with incident hypertension (P < 0.001). Using the average methylation level of all CpG sites as a surrogate for FURIN promoter methylation revealed a similar association (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.08–1.72, P = 0.009). Almost all CpG methylations negatively correlated with serum furin levels, which mediated approximately 29.44% of the association between FURIN promoter methylation and incident hypertension. Conclusions: These results suggest that FURIN promoter hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk for hypertension in Chinese adults, partially through suppressing furin expression or excretion.
{"title":"FURIN promoter methylation predicts the risk of incident hypertension: A prospective analysis of the Gusu cohort","authors":"Shengqi Ma, Jinhua Zhu, Lei Wu, Yan He, Liyun Ren, Bin Shen, Jia Yu, Rongyan Zhang, Jing Li, Mingzhi Zhang, Hao Peng","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312596","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Furin has been associated with hypertension through unclear underlying mechanisms. FURIN promoter methylation may participate in the underlying mechanisms, but no evidence supports this possibility. Here, we performed a prospective analysis to study the association between FURIN promoter methylation and incident hypertension. Methods: DNA methylation levels in the FURIN promoter were quantified by target bisulfite sequencing using peripheral blood from 1043 participants in the Gusu cohort (mean age: 50 years, 30% men) who were free of hypertension at baseline. After an average of 4 years of follow-up, 149 (14.3%) participants developed hypertension. Multiple testing was controlled for by measuring the false-discovery rate. Results: Of the eight CpG loci assayed, DNA methylation levels at Chr15: 91416118 were significantly associated with incident hypertension after adjusting for covariates and multiple testing (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17–1.64, q = 0.001). The weighted truncated-product method, which combines single CpG associations, revealed that DNA methylation at multiple CpG sites was jointly associated with incident hypertension (P < 0.001). Using the average methylation level of all CpG sites as a surrogate for FURIN promoter methylation revealed a similar association (HR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.08–1.72, P = 0.009). Almost all CpG methylations negatively correlated with serum furin levels, which mediated approximately 29.44% of the association between FURIN promoter methylation and incident hypertension. Conclusions: These results suggest that FURIN promoter hypermethylation is associated with an increased risk for hypertension in Chinese adults, partially through suppressing furin expression or excretion.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"56 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48165708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312593
Yi-qiong Zhang, Yichao Hua, Chenxia Li, Beidi Lan, Xiao-Ke Wang, Qi Wang, Z. Yuan, Lu Ma, Yue Wu
Numerous studies unveiled the interactions between intestinal flora and the host and how these affect human health and disease. The gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids, and secondary bile acids, are related to human metabolism, immunity, and diseases. An increasing number of studies has indicated that intestinal flora and its metabolites contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development. Revealing the role of intestinal flora and its metabolites in cardiovascular pathogenesis may provide novel strategies for preventing and treating CVDs. However, the specific mechanisms are unclear, and more research is warranted. Here, we reviewed the most recent research progress on the relationship between intestinal flora, its metabolites, and CVDs.
{"title":"Gut microbiota, metabolites, and cardiovascular diseases","authors":"Yi-qiong Zhang, Yichao Hua, Chenxia Li, Beidi Lan, Xiao-Ke Wang, Qi Wang, Z. Yuan, Lu Ma, Yue Wu","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312593","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies unveiled the interactions between intestinal flora and the host and how these affect human health and disease. The gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), short-chain fatty acids, and secondary bile acids, are related to human metabolism, immunity, and diseases. An increasing number of studies has indicated that intestinal flora and its metabolites contribute to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) development. Revealing the role of intestinal flora and its metabolites in cardiovascular pathogenesis may provide novel strategies for preventing and treating CVDs. However, the specific mechanisms are unclear, and more research is warranted. Here, we reviewed the most recent research progress on the relationship between intestinal flora, its metabolites, and CVDs.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"41 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47428211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01Epub Date: 2021-03-30DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312592
Bing-Yin Wang, Bin-Quan You, Feng Liu
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread, at an unprecedented speed and scale, into a global pandemic, infecting more than 29 million cases worldwide across 215 countries and territories and killing more than 930,000 individuals. There is evidence that preexisting cardiac disease can render individuals vulnerable. A large number of patients with COVID-19 present with preexisting cardiovascular disease or develop new-onset cardiac dysfunction during the course of the illness. Therefore, particular attention should be given to cardiovascular protection during COVID-19 treatment. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the interaction between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system, with special attention to the virological, pathological, and immunological characteristics of COVID-19, acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, heart function, and the possible mechanisms.
{"title":"Potential adverse effects of coronavirus disease 2019 on the cardiovascular system.","authors":"Bing-Yin Wang, Bin-Quan You, Feng Liu","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread, at an unprecedented speed and scale, into a global pandemic, infecting more than 29 million cases worldwide across 215 countries and territories and killing more than 930,000 individuals. There is evidence that preexisting cardiac disease can render individuals vulnerable. A large number of patients with COVID-19 present with preexisting cardiovascular disease or develop new-onset cardiac dysfunction during the course of the illness. Therefore, particular attention should be given to cardiovascular protection during COVID-19 treatment. This review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the interaction between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system, with special attention to the virological, pathological, and immunological characteristics of COVID-19, acute myocardial injury, myocarditis, arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, heart function, and the possible mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"30-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2470-7511.312594
Shali Shalaimaiti, Yuxiang Dai, Hongyi Wu, J. Qian, Yan Zheng, K. Yao, J. Ge
Background: Emerging evidence indicates that the worldwide incidence of early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD) is increasing. The genetic background has been assumed to harbor pathogenic risk, although the existing findings are mainly restricted to Caucasians. Little is known regarding the clinical profiles of patients with EOCAD and the extent to which genetic factors are related to disease susceptibility and outcomes in Asian people, especially ethnic Chinese. Methods and Results: The Genetic characteristics of coRonary Artery disease (CAD) in ChiNese young aDults (GRAND) study is a multicenter, hospital-based observational clinical study, combined of case-control design and longitudinal prospective cohort. Six thousand nationally representative patients who underwent coronary angiography at 38 centers have been enrolled since May 2017. Clinical data of patients with EOCAD (aged ≤45 years) are collected at the baseline to delineate conventional risk factors, clinical profiles, and therapeutic options of EOCAD and compared with data for patients with late-onset CAD (aged ≥65 years) and age-matched controls without CAD. The patients are followed for 3 years to trace major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events: cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven revascularization. Functional variants contributing to EOCAD risk are identified by high-depth whole-exome sequencing. The genetic profiles are further linked to disease severity and prognosis. A multi-dimensional risk score is established to predict prevalent EOCAD and incident CV events among young Chinese adults. Conclusions: The GRAND study will generate a thorough understanding of the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of EOCAD and may pave the way for genetic screening, early prevention, and future drug discovery for CAD in young Chinese generations.
{"title":"Clinical and genetic characteristics of coronary artery disease in Chinese young adults: Rationale and design of the prospective Genetic characteristics of coRonary Artery disease in ChiNese young aDults (GRAND) study","authors":"Shali Shalaimaiti, Yuxiang Dai, Hongyi Wu, J. Qian, Yan Zheng, K. Yao, J. Ge","doi":"10.4103/2470-7511.312594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2470-7511.312594","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emerging evidence indicates that the worldwide incidence of early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD) is increasing. The genetic background has been assumed to harbor pathogenic risk, although the existing findings are mainly restricted to Caucasians. Little is known regarding the clinical profiles of patients with EOCAD and the extent to which genetic factors are related to disease susceptibility and outcomes in Asian people, especially ethnic Chinese. Methods and Results: The Genetic characteristics of coRonary Artery disease (CAD) in ChiNese young aDults (GRAND) study is a multicenter, hospital-based observational clinical study, combined of case-control design and longitudinal prospective cohort. Six thousand nationally representative patients who underwent coronary angiography at 38 centers have been enrolled since May 2017. Clinical data of patients with EOCAD (aged ≤45 years) are collected at the baseline to delineate conventional risk factors, clinical profiles, and therapeutic options of EOCAD and compared with data for patients with late-onset CAD (aged ≥65 years) and age-matched controls without CAD. The patients are followed for 3 years to trace major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events: cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven revascularization. Functional variants contributing to EOCAD risk are identified by high-depth whole-exome sequencing. The genetic profiles are further linked to disease severity and prognosis. A multi-dimensional risk score is established to predict prevalent EOCAD and incident CV events among young Chinese adults. Conclusions: The GRAND study will generate a thorough understanding of the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of EOCAD and may pave the way for genetic screening, early prevention, and future drug discovery for CAD in young Chinese generations.","PeriodicalId":52908,"journal":{"name":"Cardiology Plus","volume":"6 1","pages":"65 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46969860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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