El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la eficiencia, el índice de Malmquist y cambio tecnológico del sistema de transporte carretero de carga internacional por entidad federativa, considerando los factores que afectan la movilización de carga internacional, a través del modelo DEA y el índice Malmquist. Se hace un análisis detallado del período 2010 a 2014, así como sobre los diferentes tipos de eficiencia: eficiencia técnica global, eficiencia técnica y eficiencia de escala. Los resultados muestran un aumento de la productividad total de los factores, sin embargo ese incremento de productividad es significativamente desigual entre las diferentes entidades federativas.
{"title":"CAMBIO TECNOLÓGICO Y EFICIENCIA LOGÍSTICA DEL TRANSPORTE DE CARGA INTERNACIONAL A TRAVÉS DEL MODELO DEA","authors":"América Ivonne Zamora Torres","doi":"10.29105/ensayos38.2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ensayos38.2-2","url":null,"abstract":"El presente estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la eficiencia, el índice de Malmquist y cambio tecnológico del sistema de transporte carretero de carga internacional por entidad federativa, considerando los factores que afectan la movilización de carga internacional, a través del modelo DEA y el índice Malmquist. Se hace un análisis detallado del período 2010 a 2014, así como sobre los diferentes tipos de eficiencia: eficiencia técnica global, eficiencia técnica y eficiencia de escala. Los resultados muestran un aumento de la productividad total de los factores, sin embargo ese incremento de productividad es significativamente desigual entre las diferentes entidades federativas.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48665565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo A. Quezada, M. Santillán, R. Hinojosa, Jorge Rada
El propósito de este estudio es comparar el impacto de la percepción de la inseguridad contra la tasa delictiva en indicadores económicos, que reflejan los medios por los cuales estas dos variables podrían afectar la economía. A través de un análisis de datos panel, considerando los 32 estados de la república mexicana en el periodo 2011 - 2016, se encuentra que la percepción de la inseguridad afecta más a la economía que la tasa delictiva.
{"title":"PERCEPCIÓN DE INSEGURIDAD VERSUS TASA DELICTIVA; ¿QUÉ AFECTA MÁS LA ECONOMÍA MEXICANA?","authors":"Pablo A. Quezada, M. Santillán, R. Hinojosa, Jorge Rada","doi":"10.29105/ensayos38.2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ensayos38.2-3","url":null,"abstract":"El propósito de este estudio es comparar el impacto de la percepción de la inseguridad contra la tasa delictiva en indicadores económicos, que reflejan los medios por los cuales estas dos variables podrían afectar la economía. A través de un análisis de datos panel, considerando los 32 estados de la república mexicana en el periodo 2011 - 2016, se encuentra que la percepción de la inseguridad afecta más a la economía que la tasa delictiva.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43574347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
El objetivo de este estudio es explicar la brecha digital en México desde una perspectiva de la dotación de capital TIC, del hogar o del individuo. Para ello se construyen índices de intensidad TIC y se estiman modelos de probabilidad no lineal con base en microdatos de una encuesta nacional de telecomunicaciones, para el año 2016. Los resultados indican que: la dotación de capital de telecomunicaciones es crucial, además del nivel educativo, grupo de edad, tamaño del hogar, ingreso económico y urbanización. A pesar de su representatividad en el nivel estatal y nacional, son necesarios estudios más desagregados y enfocados a los efectos directos del acceso y uso de Internet en la economía y la sociedad. Los hacedores de política pública de telecomunicaciones deben considerar micro realidades, regionales y subnacionales, para alcanzar los objetivos en la masificación del uso y aprovechamiento de las TIC y lograr sus beneficios económicos y sociales potenciales.
{"title":"ADOPCIÓN DE INTERNET EN MÉXICO: PROPUESTA DE UN ÍNDICE DE TELECOMUNICACIONES","authors":"J. Ruiz","doi":"10.29105/ensayos38.2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ensayos38.2-1","url":null,"abstract":"El objetivo de este estudio es explicar la brecha digital en México desde una perspectiva de la dotación de capital TIC, del hogar o del individuo. Para ello se construyen índices de intensidad TIC y se estiman modelos de probabilidad no lineal con base en microdatos de una encuesta nacional de telecomunicaciones, para el año 2016. Los resultados indican que: la dotación de capital de telecomunicaciones es crucial, además del nivel educativo, grupo de edad, tamaño del hogar, ingreso económico y urbanización. A pesar de su representatividad en el nivel estatal y nacional, son necesarios estudios más desagregados y enfocados a los efectos directos del acceso y uso de Internet en la economía y la sociedad. Los hacedores de política pública de telecomunicaciones deben considerar micro realidades, regionales y subnacionales, para alcanzar los objetivos en la masificación del uso y aprovechamiento de las TIC y lograr sus beneficios económicos y sociales potenciales.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44128737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marlen Rocío Reyes Hernández, P. Reyes, Manuel Mancilla Bárcenas
The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of presidential elections on the government’s social expenditure in Mexico over the 1995-2016 period. To do so, extended autoregressive models are estimated for the total social expenditures and two of its main components, to take into account economics factors. Among the most outstanding results is that the growth of GDP and total government revenues play a significant role as control variables. More importantly, there is (full) evidence of a political budget cycle on the total social public expenditure and (partial evidence) on the regional development function; on the contrary, there is no evidence on the function of provision and social assistance. These results, on the one hand, support the hypothesis of opportunistic behavior of the governments to stay in power by using public resources for political clientelism and, on the other, reflect the difficulties to capture these practices.
{"title":"PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS AND PUBLIC EXPENDITURE IN SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN MEXICO, 1995 – 2016","authors":"Marlen Rocío Reyes Hernández, P. Reyes, Manuel Mancilla Bárcenas","doi":"10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of presidential elections on the government’s social expenditure in Mexico over the 1995-2016 period. To do so, extended autoregressive models are estimated for the total social expenditures and two of its main components, to take into account economics factors. Among the most outstanding results is that the growth of GDP and total government revenues play a significant role as control variables. More importantly, there is (full) evidence of a political budget cycle on the total social public expenditure and (partial evidence) on the regional development function; on the contrary, there is no evidence on the function of provision and social assistance. These results, on the one hand, support the hypothesis of opportunistic behavior of the governments to stay in power by using public resources for political clientelism and, on the other, reflect the difficulties to capture these practices.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48938363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lillian Marlen Centeno Cruz, P. Muñoz, G. A. Castro
Nowadays, the pension system in Mexico, based on the Mexican Social Security Institute Law of 1997, does not comply with the expected coverage rate, which causes the impoverishment of the retired population. This situation is expected to worsen because workers can´t contribute enough to their own savings accounts within the current system. The present research contributes to the debate on the reforms of the pension system through the evaluation of alternative scenarios for the investment of pension funds. These scenarios are generated through the structural analysis of the Mexican economy, based on the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) called SAMMEX-12. Next, a linear model MCS is used to carry out an economic impact assessment, which allows evaluating these scenarios in terms of production, GDP and employment.
{"title":"ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF ALTERNATIVE INVESTMENT SCENARIOS FOR PENSION FUNDS IN MEXICO","authors":"Lillian Marlen Centeno Cruz, P. Muñoz, G. A. Castro","doi":"10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-4","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the pension system in Mexico, based on the Mexican Social Security Institute Law of 1997, does not comply with the expected coverage rate, which causes the impoverishment of the retired population. This situation is expected to worsen because workers can´t contribute enough to their own savings accounts within the current system. The present research contributes to the debate on the reforms of the pension system through the evaluation of alternative scenarios for the investment of pension funds. These scenarios are generated through the structural analysis of the Mexican economy, based on the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) called SAMMEX-12. Next, a linear model MCS is used to carry out an economic impact assessment, which allows evaluating these scenarios in terms of production, GDP and employment.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48772562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article analyzes the possible impacts of the climate change (CC) and its adaptation measures on the maize trade surplus/deficit, on the production, and on the real income of households established in rural Mexico. The analysis is based on an Applied and Microeconomic General Equilibrium Model and on the estimates of the direct effects of CC on maize yields obtained from the related literature. The results show that climate change will reduce the real rural income by 6.23% and will affect corn production to the extent that the area will change from being a surplus to a deficit. In addition, it is found that while the adaptation measures analyzed in the paper will help to reduce the negative effects of the phenomenon, they will not completely eliminate them.
{"title":"CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE ECONOMY OF THE RURAL MEXICAN HOUSEHOLD FOOD PRODUCERS","authors":"A. Hernández-Solano, V. S. Ávila-Foucat","doi":"10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-3","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes the possible impacts of the climate change (CC) and its adaptation measures on the maize trade surplus/deficit, on the production, and on the real income of households established in rural Mexico. The analysis is based on an Applied and Microeconomic General Equilibrium Model and on the estimates of the direct effects of CC on maize yields obtained from the related literature. The results show that climate change will reduce the real rural income by 6.23% and will affect corn production to the extent that the area will change from being a surplus to a deficit. In addition, it is found that while the adaptation measures analyzed in the paper will help to reduce the negative effects of the phenomenon, they will not completely eliminate them.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43513199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernando Gómez Zaldívar, Edmundo Molina, M. Flores, M. G. Zaldivar
This paper evaluates the potential for diversification and production sophistication of the states where the first three Special Economic Zones (EEZs) will be installed in Mexico. Using the methodology of economic complexity proposed by Hausmann, Hidalgo et al. (2014), economic activities are classified based on their complexity and a distance measure is estimated to identify the most viable manufacturing industries to be developed given the productive capabilities existing in each region. The results reveal the differences between the economic structures of each entity, as well as the particular opportunities for the states have to transform the structures; this is why these results are a valuable input for decision-making in the first stage of the model's implementation.
{"title":"ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY OF THE SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES IN MEXICO: OPPORTUNITIES FOR DIVERSIFICATION AND INDUSTRIAL SOPHISTICATION","authors":"Fernando Gómez Zaldívar, Edmundo Molina, M. Flores, M. G. Zaldivar","doi":"10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29105/ENSAYOS38.1-1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the potential for diversification and production sophistication of the states where the first three Special Economic Zones (EEZs) will be installed in Mexico. Using the methodology of economic complexity proposed by Hausmann, Hidalgo et al. (2014), economic activities are classified based on their complexity and a distance measure is estimated to identify the most viable manufacturing industries to be developed given the productive capabilities existing in each region. The results reveal the differences between the economic structures of each entity, as well as the particular opportunities for the states have to transform the structures; this is why these results are a valuable input for decision-making in the first stage of the model's implementation.","PeriodicalId":53025,"journal":{"name":"Ensayos Revista de Economia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47366377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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