Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice最新文献

英文中文

Social Construction of Target Populations: A Theoretical Framework for Understanding Policy Approaches to Perinatal Illicit Substance Screening. 目标人群的社会建构:理解围产期非法物质筛查政策途径的理论框架。

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1177/15271544211067781

Norlissa M Cooper, Audrey Lyndon, Monica R McLemore, Ifeyinwa V Asiodu

Perinatal illicit substance use is a nursing and public health issue. Current screening policies have significant consequences for birthing individuals and their families. Racial disparities exist in spite of targeted and universal screening policies and practices. Thus, new theoretical approaches are needed to investigate perinatal illicit substance use screening in hospital settings. The purpose of this analysis is to evaluate the social construction of target populations theory in the context of perinatal illicit substance use screening. Using the theoretical insights of this theory to interrogate the approaches taken by policy makers to address perinatal illicit substance use and screening provides the contextual framework needed to understand why specific policy tools were selected when designing public policy to address these issues. The analysis and evaluation of this theory was conducted using the theory description and critical reflection model.

围产期非法药物使用是一个护理和公共卫生问题。目前的筛查政策对生育个体及其家庭产生了重大影响。尽管有针对性和普遍的筛查政策和做法，种族差异仍然存在。因此，需要新的理论方法来调查围产期非法药物使用筛选在医院设置。本分析的目的是评价围产期非法药物使用筛查背景下目标人群理论的社会建构。利用这一理论的理论见解来询问政策制定者为解决围产期非法药物使用和筛查所采取的方法，提供了理解在设计公共政策以解决这些问题时为什么选择特定政策工具所需的背景框架。运用理论描述和批判性反思模型对该理论进行了分析和评价。

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引用次数: 2

How diverse and inclusive are policy process theories? 政策过程理论的多样性和包容性如何?

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16309516764367

Tanya Heikkila, Michael D. Jones

Numerous published efforts have compared and contrasted policy process theories. Few assessments, however, have examined the extent to which they are inclusive or diverse. Here we summarise lessons from previous assessments, paying attention to how Paul Sabatier’s science-based criteria have shaped the contours of the field. In looking at these contours, we explore evidence of diversity and inclusivity of policy process approaches in terms of methods, concepts, topics, geography and authors. We conclude with strategies to address challenges revealed by our examination: creating space for conversations among scholars of differing perspectives and approaches; building sustained and meaningful efforts to recruit and train researchers with diverse backgrounds; establishing research coordination networks that focus on policy problems; and creating better metrics to assess our diversity and inclusivity.

许多已发表的文章对政策过程理论进行了比较和对比。然而，很少有评估审查了它们在多大程度上具有包容性或多样性。在这里，我们总结了以前评估的经验教训，关注Paul Sabatier基于科学的标准如何塑造了该领域的轮廓。在研究这些轮廓时，我们从方法、概念、主题、地理和作者等方面探索了政策过程方法的多样性和包容性的证据。最后，我们提出了应对我们的研究所揭示的挑战的策略:为不同观点和方法的学者之间的对话创造空间;建立持续和有意义的努力，招募和培训具有不同背景的研究人员;建立以政策问题为重点的研究协调网络;创造更好的指标来评估我们的多样性和包容性。

引用次数: 4

Analysing boundaries of health and social care in policy and media reform narratives 分析政策和媒体改革叙述中卫生和社会保健的界限

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16420783121324

Sarah van Duijn, D. Bannink, H. Nies

Collaboration has become an imperative of many new healthcare policies; however, little attention has been paid to how system-level narratives in both policy documents and the media create boundaries that shape implementation processes. By using boundary work as a theoretical lens, this article critically analyses the discourse found in both policy documents and the media surrounding the 2015 Dutch LTC reform. This discourse analysis contributes, first, by revealing two separate narratives – one epic, one tragic – which we argue represent different rhetorical styles used to (de-)legitimise symbolic boundaries. Second, we contribute by unravelling boundary work in both the social and symbolic dimensions to show how the design of the 2015 reform led to a tension-ridden position for local actors: symbolic boundaries demanded integration, while social boundaries imposed differentiation. These findings have implications for literature on boundary work as well as for policy design and its local implementation.

协作已成为许多新医疗保健政策的必要条件;然而，很少注意到政策文件和媒体中的系统级叙述如何形成影响执行过程的界限。本文以边界工作为理论视角，批判性地分析了围绕2015年荷兰LTC改革的政策文件和媒体中的话语。这种话语分析的贡献在于，首先，揭示了两种不同的叙事——一种是史诗，一种是悲剧——我们认为这两种叙事代表了不同的修辞风格，用于使象征性边界合法化。其次，我们通过在社会和象征维度上展开边界工作，展示2015年改革的设计如何导致地方行动者的紧张处境:象征边界要求整合，而社会边界则强加分化。这些发现对边界工作的文献以及政策设计及其地方实施具有启示意义。

引用次数: 1

How partisan politics influence government policies in response to ageing populations 党派政治如何影响政府应对人口老龄化的政策

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16316356206483

Yesola Kweon, Kohei Suzuki

Since old-age programmes mitigate life-course risks that are relevant to individuals across socio-economic groups in ageing societies, all parties have a political incentive to support these initiatives. Nevertheless, pre-existing partisan commitments bind the policy instruments that parties use. Cabinet-level analyses of OECD economies demonstrate that left incumbency relies more on public expenditure than right-wing governments. What is more important is that, in the context of large elderly populations, pension coverage is greater under right-leaning governments, while pension replacement rates are higher in left-leaning governments. This shows that party behaviour related to life course-related policies cannot be explained by the conventional pro-expansion versus the pro-retrenchment partisan politics. Rather, a focus on partisan variation in the use of policy instruments is required.

由于老年方案减轻了与老龄化社会各社会经济群体个人有关的生命过程风险，所有各方都有支持这些倡议的政治动机。然而，预先存在的党派承诺约束了政党使用的政策工具。对经合组织经济体的内阁级分析表明，左翼政府比右翼政府更依赖公共支出。更重要的是，在老年人口众多的背景下，右倾政府的养老金覆盖面更大，而左倾政府的养老金替代率更高。这表明，与生命历程相关的政党行为不能用传统的支持扩张与支持紧缩的党派政治来解释。相反，需要关注政策工具使用中的党派差异。

引用次数: 0

Making interpretive policy analysis critical and societally relevant: emotions, ethnography and language 使解释性政策分析关键和社会相关:情感，民族志和语言

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16129850569011

Anna P. Durnová

This article summarises the main achievements of interpretive approaches to policy analysis and signposts ways to develop them to strengthen inclusivity and diversity. By visualising tangible strategies used in the approach, it demonstrates how we can better understand how policies are made and understood. At the same time, the article places a strong focus on emotions and ethnography as a way to strengthen the societal relevance of the approach. Focusing on emotions in policy research goes beyond a simple interest in emotions, using them as a specific critical lens to view the researched phenomenon while considering how policy ideas are framed as relevant or irrelevant through expressive language. Analogously, the article describes ethnography as an epistemological lens for analysing policy wherein researchers embrace human bias and the normativity of their research. To illustrate how these two lenses work in practice, the article concludes by discussing the research design of an analysis of the role of fathers in the policy debate around birth care in Czechia.

本文总结了政策分析解释性方法的主要成果，并指出了发展这些方法以加强包容性和多样性的途径。通过可视化方法中使用的具体战略，它展示了我们如何更好地理解政策是如何制定和理解的。与此同时，本文将重点放在情感和人种学上，作为加强该方法的社会相关性的一种方式。在政策研究中关注情绪超越了对情绪的简单兴趣，将它们作为一个特定的批判性镜头来看待所研究的现象，同时考虑如何通过表达性语言将政策思想框定为相关或不相关。类似地，本文将民族志描述为分析政策的认识论镜头，其中研究人员接受人类偏见和他们的研究的规范性。为了说明这两个镜头在实践中是如何工作的，文章最后讨论了父亲在捷克生育护理政策辩论中的作用分析的研究设计。

引用次数: 5

Conceptualising policy design in the policy process 在政策过程中将政策设计概念化

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16346727541396

Saba Siddiki, C. Curley

The study of policy design has been of long-standing interest to policy scholars. Recent surveys of policy design scholarship acknowledge two main pathways along which it has developed; one in which the process of policy designing is emphasised and one in which the output of this policy designing process – for example, policy content – is emphasised. As part of a survey of extant research, this article discusses how scholars guided by different orientations to studying policy design are addressing and measuring common policy design concepts and themes, and offers future research opportunities. The article also provides a platform for considering how insights stemming from different orientations of policy design research can be integrated and mapped within the broader public policy process. Finally, the article raises the question of whether a framework that links different conceptualisations of policy design within the policy process might help to advance the field.

政策设计研究一直是政策学者感兴趣的问题。最近对政策设计学术的调查表明，它的发展有两条主要途径;一种是强调政策设计过程，另一种是强调政策设计过程的输出，例如政策内容。作为对现有研究的调查的一部分，本文讨论了在不同取向指导下研究政策设计的学者如何处理和衡量共同的政策设计概念和主题，并提供了未来的研究机会。本文还提供了一个平台，可以考虑如何将来自不同政策设计研究方向的见解整合并映射到更广泛的公共政策过程中。最后，本文提出了一个问题，即在政策过程中将政策设计的不同概念联系起来的框架是否有助于推动该领域的发展。

引用次数: 3

An interpretive perspective on co-production in supporting refugee families’ access to childcare in Germany 合作制作在支持德国难民家庭获得儿童保育方面的解释性视角

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16427784089756

Anna Siede, S. Münch

The arrival of large numbers of refugees in Germany since 2015 has led to unprecedented levels of civic participation in service delivery. This is supported in integration policy, including through local coordination. We connect this empirical case with the conceptual debate on co-production, adopting an interpretive approach. We explore how volunteers and local coordinators interpret encounters between civic and state actors in the context of co-producing support received by refugee families in gaining access to childcare. Based on 20 interviews, we distinguish three types of experiences: collaborating towards common aims, where both sides value collaboration based on complementary abilities; contesting exclusion, where volunteers confront state actors in cases of conflict; replacing services, where volunteers feel obliged to perform tasks they interpret as the state’s responsibility. Our findings illustrate the value and limitations of co-production in practice, including in relation to establishing adequate sharing of work between civil and state actors.

自2015年以来，大量难民抵达德国，导致公民参与服务提供的程度达到前所未有的水平。这在融合政策中得到支持，包括通过地方协调。我们将这一实证案例与关于合作制作的概念辩论联系起来，采用一种解释方法。我们探讨了志愿者和当地协调员如何在难民家庭获得儿童保育服务的共同支持的背景下解释公民和国家行为体之间的遭遇。基于20个访谈，我们区分了三种类型的经验:为了共同的目标而合作，双方都重视基于互补能力的合作;在冲突情况下，志愿者与国家行为者对抗的排斥行为;取代服务，志愿者觉得有义务执行他们认为是国家责任的任务。我们的研究结果说明了合作生产在实践中的价值和局限性，包括在民事和国家行为体之间建立充分的工作分享。

引用次数: 3

British counterterrorism, the international prohibition of torture, and the multiple streams framework 英国反恐，国际禁止酷刑，以及多渠道框架

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16375950978608

Janina Heaphy

After years of violating the basic principles of human rights in the name of counterterrorism, western democracies have begun to implement extraterritorial safeguards that extend protections under the Convention against Torture to foreigners abroad. The case of the UK and the development of the ‘Principles’ in 2019, however, presents a particular puzzle to policymaking research, as it challenges traditional hypotheses regarding the opening of problem windows within the multiple streams framework. Accordingly, the UK presents an interesting case in which a powerful state willingly engaged in self-restraint, despite little electoral pressure to do so and a persistently high terrorist threat. Drawing on theory-building process-tracing, this article addresses this gap using data from semi-structured interviews with British policy experts to present a refined hypothesis, which can also be applied to policy fields of little public interest and processes of foreign policymaking.

多年来，西方民主国家以反恐的名义违反了人权的基本原则，如今它们已开始实施域外保障措施，将《禁止酷刑公约》(Convention against Torture)的保护扩大到海外的外国人。然而，英国的案例和2019年“原则”的发展给政策制定研究带来了一个特别的难题，因为它挑战了关于在多流框架内打开问题窗口的传统假设。因此，英国提供了一个有趣的例子:一个强大的国家自愿进行自我约束，尽管几乎没有来自选举的压力，而且恐怖主义威胁一直居高不下。借助理论构建过程追踪，本文利用与英国政策专家的半结构化访谈数据来解决这一差距，提出了一个完善的假设，该假设也可以应用于公众不感兴趣的政策领域和外交政策制定过程。

引用次数: 1

How do policy transfer mechanisms influence policy outcomes in the context of authoritarianism in Vietnam? 在越南威权主义背景下，政策转移机制如何影响政策结果?

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16347665146401

Hang Duong

The literature on policy transfer shows that it may result in simultaneous policy convergence and policy divergence. However, little is known about how such results happen when transferring from multiple and possibly contrasting sources. This study finds that civil service reforms in Vietnam’s merit-based policies are influenced by both western and Asian models of meritocracy. This makes them both closer to universal ‘best practices’ and at the same time sharpens the distinctiveness of Vietnam’s policy. The calculations of political actors in combination with the context of a one-party authoritarian state have led to policy transfer through mechanisms of translation and assemblage which brings about a hybrid of convergence and divergence. This study enhances understanding of policy transfer in the context of Asian authoritarianism. In finding hybridity in transfer outcomes in this national context, the article shows the uniqueness of resultant policy change and develops an analytical framework for the influence of policy transfer on policy outcomes.

有关政策转移的文献表明，政策转移可能同时导致政策趋同和政策分化。然而，当从多个和可能相反的来源转移时，这种结果是如何发生的，我们知之甚少。本研究发现，越南以功绩为基础的公务员制度改革受到西方和亚洲精英管理模式的影响。这使它们更接近普遍的“最佳做法”，同时也凸显了越南政策的独特性。政治行为者的算计与一党专制国家的背景相结合，导致了通过翻译和组合机制的政策转移，从而带来了趋同和分歧的混合。本研究增进了对亚洲威权主义背景下政策转移的理解。在这种国家背景下，通过发现转移结果的混杂性，本文展示了由此产生的政策变化的独特性，并开发了政策转移对政策结果影响的分析框架。

引用次数: 3

Challenging boundaries to expand frontiers in gender and policy studies 挑战边界，扩大性别和政策研究的前沿

IF 1.8 Q2 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES

Policy, Politics, and Nursing Practice

Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1332/030557321x16309516650101

Emanuela Lombardo, P. Meier

Gender and policy studies needs to face challenges and cross boundaries if the discipline is to develop. This article argues that gender and policy studies needs to explicitly foreground the centrality of politics – the analysis of power – in approaching policy. The discipline confronts boundaries in relation to inclusivity, diversity and relevance. Inclusive gender equality demands challenging the hegemonising and marginalising boundaries in the field, which contributes to its relevance by placing politics and power centre stage. Openness to the diversity of gender and policy approaches, a more systematic and thoughtful application of intersectionality, cooperation with LGBTQI+, critical race studies and normative political theory provide opportunities to challenge boundaries and advance knowledge. We argue that explicit reflexivity about power dynamics and knowledge production, employing a plurality of approaches, will better equip the discipline to navigate major challenges and crises, and offer more nuanced democratic and egalitarian societal contributions.

性别与政策研究如果要发展，就需要面对挑战和跨越边界。本文认为，性别和政策研究需要明确地突出政治的中心地位，即对权力的分析。该学科面临着与包容性、多样性和相关性相关的边界。包容性性别平等要求挑战该领域的霸权主义和边缘化边界，这有助于通过将政治和权力置于中心舞台来实现其相关性。对性别和政策方法的多样性持开放态度，对交叉性的更系统和更周到的应用，与LGBTQI+的合作，批判性种族研究和规范性政治理论为挑战界限和推进知识提供了机会。我们认为，对权力动态和知识生产的明确反思，采用多种方法，将更好地装备这门学科，以应对重大挑战和危机，并提供更细致的民主和平等的社会贡献。

引用次数: 3

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