Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102641
M.T. Vicente-Herrero, A.A. López-González
The professional sector of musicians presents particularities that increase the prevalence of specific diseases related to their activity. In Spain, between 2007 and 2014, the highest number of occupational diseases reported among musicians and related to their work, was those linked to exposure to physical agents. The most frequent were those associated with forced postures and repetitive movements, especially shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand injuries, as well as vocal cord nodules and carpal tunnel syndrome.
In the group of musicians, focal dystonia, a neuromuscular pathology affecting fine motor control, stands out as specific. It is not included in the Spanish list of occupational diseases. Countries such as Germany already have it included in their Decree on occupational diseases. It is necessary in our country a normative update for a better social protection of those affected and advances in prevention and occupational health of musicians.
{"title":"La distonía focal de los músicos: ¿una enfermedad profesional?","authors":"M.T. Vicente-Herrero, A.A. López-González","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The professional sector of musicians presents particularities that increase the prevalence of specific diseases related to their activity. In Spain, between 2007 and 2014, the highest number of occupational diseases reported among musicians and related to their work, was those linked to exposure to physical agents. The most frequent were those associated with forced postures and repetitive movements, especially shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand injuries, as well as vocal cord nodules and carpal tunnel syndrome.</div><div>In the group of musicians, focal dystonia, a neuromuscular pathology affecting fine motor control, stands out as specific. It is not included in the Spanish list of occupational diseases. Countries such as Germany already have it included in their Decree on occupational diseases. It is necessary in our country a normative update for a better social protection of those affected and advances in prevention and occupational health of musicians.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145508120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102624
C. Morán-Mariños , N. Salazar-Salazar , R. Casanova-Mendoza , F. Llanos-Tejada
{"title":"Toward universal coverage: The Journey of Decentralization of Specialized Tuberculosis Units in Peru","authors":"C. Morán-Mariños , N. Salazar-Salazar , R. Casanova-Mendoza , F. Llanos-Tejada","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145508169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102615
P. Salvador Sáenz , J.J. Gómez-Herrera , M.P. Ortega de la Obra
{"title":"Osteocondromatosis sinovial de la muñeca: claves diagnósticas en atención primaria de una causa poco frecuente de bulto palpable","authors":"P. Salvador Sáenz , J.J. Gómez-Herrera , M.P. Ortega de la Obra","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102615","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102583
M. de Dios-Aguado , F.J. Alonso-Moreno , M. Sánchez Pérez , G. Blanco Paradelo , I. Caballero Vargas , M. Avilés Peño , C. Fábrega Alarcón , S.A. Ramírez Parenteau , A. Segura-Fragoso
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine whether a Health Education intervention improves self-esteem and self-perception in adolescents aged 11-15.
Materials and methods
A randomized controlled experimental study was conducted on first-year secondary school students enrolled in two educational institutions within the Basic Health Zone of Sillería (Toledo). The intervention group (IG) received a specially designed educational program, while the control group (CG) did not receive any specific intervention. The instrument used to assess the intervention's effect was the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (range: 10 to 40 points).
Results
A total of 110 students aged 11 to 15 participated, 64.2% of whom were male. Both groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic data, physical activity, protective behaviors, self-esteem, perceived family and educational support, time spent on social media, video games, TV series and movies, and phone use. The academic level of parents was higher in the intervention group (IG). Baseline self-esteem levels were high (30.8 points) and similar in both groups. After the intervention, self-esteem slightly increased in the IG (+0.26 points) and slightly decreased in the CG (−0.70 points, adjusted partial eta squared = 0.014, P = .15).
Conclusion
The Health Education intervention had no significant effect on self-esteem (beta error = .103) and therefore did not achieve the predetermined objective.
{"title":"Efectividad de una intervención de Educación para la Salud sobre la autoestima en adolescentes","authors":"M. de Dios-Aguado , F.J. Alonso-Moreno , M. Sánchez Pérez , G. Blanco Paradelo , I. Caballero Vargas , M. Avilés Peño , C. Fábrega Alarcón , S.A. Ramírez Parenteau , A. Segura-Fragoso","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to determine whether a Health Education intervention improves self-esteem and self-perception in adolescents aged 11-15.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled experimental study was conducted on first-year secondary school students enrolled in two educational institutions within the Basic Health Zone of Sillería (Toledo). The intervention group (IG) received a specially designed educational program, while the control group (CG) did not receive any specific intervention. The instrument used to assess the intervention's effect was the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (range: 10 to 40 points).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 110 students aged 11 to 15 participated, 64.2% of whom were male. Both groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic data, physical activity, protective behaviors, self-esteem, perceived family and educational support, time spent on social media, video games, TV series and movies, and phone use. The academic level of parents was higher in the intervention group (IG). Baseline self-esteem levels were high (30.8<!--> <!-->points) and similar in both groups. After the intervention, self-esteem slightly increased in the IG (+0.26 points) and slightly decreased in the CG (−0.70<!--> <!-->points, adjusted partial eta squared<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.014, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.15).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Health Education intervention had no significant effect on self-esteem (beta error<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.103) and therefore did not achieve the predetermined objective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102625
M. Gómez Manzanares, M.P. Sánchez Caminero, O. Al-wattar Ceballos, M. Montero García
{"title":"Erupción liquenoide medicamentosa grave con afectación oral tipo síndrome de Stevens-Johnson inducida por carbamazepina. Reporte de un caso","authors":"M. Gómez Manzanares, M.P. Sánchez Caminero, O. Al-wattar Ceballos, M. Montero García","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102585
D. Murillo García , V. González Blanco , J.M. Helguera Quevedo , C.M. Jiménez Ramos , J.M. Paredero Domínguez , J. Plaza Zamora , F.M. Navarro i Ros , J.D. Maya Viejo
Introduction and objective
Comorbidities are key determinants of asthma instability, exacerbating symptoms and increasing rescue medication use; however, their differential impact on specific clinical markers remains insufficiently defined. This study evaluated the association between individual comorbidities and 4 distinct indicators of clinical instability: (1) exacerbations (2) isolated use of short-acting β2-agonists (SABA), (3) isolated use of short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMA), and (4) combined use of rescue medication (SABA and/or SAMA).
Methods
A retrospective observational study was conducted with 132 adult asthma patients attended in primary care settings in Seville and Valencia (Spain). Clinical and pharmacological data were extracted from electronic health records. Associations between comorbidities and instability indicators were analyzed using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test.
Results
SABA use was associated with allergic rhinitis, anxiety/depression, and sleep apnea, whereas SAMA use was linked to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and multimorbidity. Only SAMA use was significantly associated with increased risk of exacerbations (OR = 5.97; 95%CI: 2.43-14.66; P<.001). Combined use of rescue medication identified a complex phenotype with a substantial comorbid burden including allergic, cardiovascular, and psychosocial conditions.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates, for the first time, that comorbidities define specific clinical phenotypes in asthma, highlighting SAMA use as a key indicator of exacerbations and multimorbidity. Systematic identification of these profiles would enable more precise risk stratification and personalized therapies, extending asthma management beyond airway-centered approaches.
{"title":"Mapeo de comorbilidades en asma bronquial: análisis desagregado de exacerbaciones y uso de SABA y SAMA en la cohorte Seleida","authors":"D. Murillo García , V. González Blanco , J.M. Helguera Quevedo , C.M. Jiménez Ramos , J.M. Paredero Domínguez , J. Plaza Zamora , F.M. Navarro i Ros , J.D. Maya Viejo","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and objective</h3><div>Comorbidities are key determinants of asthma instability, exacerbating symptoms and increasing rescue medication use; however, their differential impact on specific clinical markers remains insufficiently defined. This study evaluated the association between individual comorbidities and 4<!--> <!-->distinct indicators of clinical instability: (1) exacerbations (2) isolated use of short-acting β<sub>2</sub>-agonists (SABA), (3) isolated use of short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMA), and (4) combined use of rescue medication (SABA and/or SAMA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective observational study was conducted with 132 adult asthma patients attended in primary care settings in Seville and Valencia (Spain). Clinical and pharmacological data were extracted from electronic health records. Associations between comorbidities and instability indicators were analyzed using the χ<sup>2</sup> test or Fisher's exact test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SABA use was associated with allergic rhinitis, anxiety/depression, and sleep apnea, whereas SAMA use was linked to hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and multimorbidity. Only SAMA use was significantly associated with increased risk of exacerbations (OR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5.97; 95%<span>C</span>I: 2.43-14.66; <em>P</em><.001). Combined use of rescue medication identified a complex phenotype with a substantial comorbid burden including allergic, cardiovascular, and psychosocial conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates, for the first time, that comorbidities define specific clinical phenotypes in asthma, highlighting SAMA use as a key indicator of exacerbations and multimorbidity. Systematic identification of these profiles would enable more precise risk stratification and personalized therapies, extending asthma management beyond airway-centered approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145365737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102616
A.J. Martín-Jiménez , J.L. Almenara-Abellán , E. Paños-Maturana
{"title":"Reducción ecofacilitada de hernia umbilical: el papel de la ecografía clínica en urgencias","authors":"A.J. Martín-Jiménez , J.L. Almenara-Abellán , E. Paños-Maturana","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102616","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102599
S.A. Yusuf , D. Fetarayani , A. Vidyani , H. Sutanto
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is influenced not only by genetics and immunity but also profoundly by dietary factors. Emerging research identifies specific food components – such as ultra-processed foods, high-fat diets, and red meats – as potent exacerbators of intestinal inflammation through mechanisms involving dysbiosis, immune activation, and gut barrier disruption. Conversely, fiber-rich, fermented, and certain dairy products may confer protective effects by enhancing microbiota diversity and mucosal integrity. Patient-specific factors like lactose or gluten sensitivity further modulate dietary responses. Personalized nutrition strategies, including elimination diets and microbiome-informed interventions, are gaining traction as adjunct therapies. Novel approaches such as ketogenic diets and intermittent fasting are under investigation, with mixed outcomes. Despite growing evidence, clinical dietary guidelines remain fragmented. This review synthesizes mechanistic and clinical data on diet-induced modulation of inflammation in IBD, highlighting the need for personalized, evidence-based nutritional strategies to improve disease outcomes and patient quality of life.
{"title":"Food-driven inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease: Dietary instigators and emerging nutritional strategies","authors":"S.A. Yusuf , D. Fetarayani , A. Vidyani , H. Sutanto","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is influenced not only by genetics and immunity but also profoundly by dietary factors. Emerging research identifies specific food components – such as ultra-processed foods, high-fat diets, and red meats – as potent exacerbators of intestinal inflammation through mechanisms involving dysbiosis, immune activation, and gut barrier disruption. Conversely, fiber-rich, fermented, and certain dairy products may confer protective effects by enhancing microbiota diversity and mucosal integrity. Patient-specific factors like lactose or gluten sensitivity further modulate dietary responses. Personalized nutrition strategies, including elimination diets and microbiome-informed interventions, are gaining traction as adjunct therapies. Novel approaches such as ketogenic diets and intermittent fasting are under investigation, with mixed outcomes. Despite growing evidence, clinical dietary guidelines remain fragmented. This review synthesizes mechanistic and clinical data on diet-induced modulation of inflammation in IBD, highlighting the need for personalized, evidence-based nutritional strategies to improve disease outcomes and patient quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102597
S. Palacios , M. Fasero , P. Coronado , S. Gonzalez , S. Sanchez , E. de la Viuda , A.R. Jurado , J. Presa , F. Quereda , M. Marcos , C. Pingarron
These recommendations from the Spanish Association for the Study of Menopause offer a practical and up-to-date tool for healthcare professionals who treat middle-aged women with vasomotor symptoms. Based on a comprehensive review of clinical guidelines and scientific literature published over the last 15 years, they incorporate the latest advances in the management of hot flashes and night sweats. The document guides clinical evaluation and shared decision-making, considering individual factors that influence therapeutic choice. In addition to Hormone Therapy for Menopause, scientifically supported non-hormonal alternatives are included, among them fexofenadine, which has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms. Taken together, these recommendations constitute an accessible and up-to-date resource for improving the care and quality of life of women in the menopausal stage.
{"title":"Recomendaciones para el manejo de los síntomas vasomotores de la menopausia en la práctica clínica","authors":"S. Palacios , M. Fasero , P. Coronado , S. Gonzalez , S. Sanchez , E. de la Viuda , A.R. Jurado , J. Presa , F. Quereda , M. Marcos , C. Pingarron","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102597","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102597","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>These recommendations from the Spanish Association for the Study of Menopause offer a practical and up-to-date tool for healthcare professionals who treat middle-aged women with vasomotor symptoms. Based on a comprehensive review of clinical guidelines and scientific literature published over the last 15 years, they incorporate the latest advances in the management of hot flashes and night sweats. The document guides clinical evaluation and shared decision-making, considering individual factors that influence therapeutic choice. In addition to Hormone Therapy for Menopause, scientifically supported non-hormonal alternatives are included, among them fexofenadine, which has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms. Taken together, these recommendations constitute an accessible and up-to-date resource for improving the care and quality of life of women in the menopausal stage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102617
M. Gómez Manzanares, J.L. Santiago Sánchez-Mateos, O. Al-wattar Ceballos, M. Montero García, V. Haro González-Vico
{"title":"Eritema elevatum diutinum: descripción dermatoscópica de un caso y revisión de la bibliografía","authors":"M. Gómez Manzanares, J.L. Santiago Sánchez-Mateos, O. Al-wattar Ceballos, M. Montero García, V. Haro González-Vico","doi":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.semerg.2025.102617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53212,"journal":{"name":"Medicina de Familia-SEMERGEN","volume":"51 9","pages":"Article 102617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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