Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11431
Eduarda Torres Amaral, G. Alves, Jennifer Julich, Martiele Bizarro Da Silva, Gleison de Souza Celente, Michele Hoeltz, Rosana de Cassia de Souza Schneider, Lisianne Brittes Benitez
Introduction: Mixotrophic microalgae systems have great potential for bioenergy production and wastewater treatment. Anaerobic-treated wastewater supplemented with carbon can improve biomass yield and quality, as it presents low carbon content. Alternative carbon sources in microalgae cultivation, such as glycerol, are essential for minimizing the economic and environmental impacts caused by biomass production, and improving the profile of fatty acids. This study aimed to increase biomass production and the lipid content with glycerol as the carbon source for microalgae cultivation from sanitary wastewater. Materials and Methods: The microalgae behavior in the wastewater was pilot tested using glycerol supplementation at 7.5, 10.5, and 12.5 g L-1. Results: In all the experiments with sanitary wastewater, the microalgae production presented Chlorella sp. as the predominant species. The best biomass (3.78 ± 1.12 g L-1) and lipid (35.67 ± 0.80%) yields were found at 12.5 and 10.5 g L-1 of glycerol, respectively. Conclusion: The microalgae produced more lipids with glycerol supplementation. An attractive profile for biodiesel was found regarding the fatty acids in the biomass.
混合营养微藻系统在生物能源生产和废水处理方面具有巨大的潜力。厌氧处理废水中添加碳可以提高生物质产量和质量，因为它的碳含量低。微藻培养中的替代碳源，如甘油，对于最大限度地减少生物质生产造成的经济和环境影响以及改善脂肪酸状况至关重要。本研究旨在以生活污水为原料，以甘油为碳源，提高微藻的生物量和脂质含量。材料与方法:采用添加7.5、10.5和12.5 g L-1的甘油对废水中的微藻行为进行中试试验。结果:在所有生活污水试验中，微藻生产以小球藻为优势种。在12.5 g L-1和10.5 g L-1甘油时，生物量(3.78±1.12 g L-1)和脂质(35.67±0.80%)产量最高。结论:添加甘油后微藻产生更多的脂质。在生物质的脂肪酸方面发现了一个有吸引力的生物柴油概况。
{"title":"Sanitary Wastewater Supplemented with Glycerol to Obtain Lipid-Rich Microalgal Biomass","authors":"Eduarda Torres Amaral, G. Alves, Jennifer Julich, Martiele Bizarro Da Silva, Gleison de Souza Celente, Michele Hoeltz, Rosana de Cassia de Souza Schneider, Lisianne Brittes Benitez","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11431","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mixotrophic microalgae systems have great potential for bioenergy production and wastewater treatment. Anaerobic-treated wastewater supplemented with carbon can improve biomass yield and quality, as it presents low carbon content. Alternative carbon sources in microalgae cultivation, such as glycerol, are essential for minimizing the economic and environmental impacts caused by biomass production, and improving the profile of fatty acids. This study aimed to increase biomass production and the lipid content with glycerol as the carbon source for microalgae cultivation from sanitary wastewater. \u0000Materials and Methods: The microalgae behavior in the wastewater was pilot tested using glycerol supplementation at 7.5, 10.5, and 12.5 g L-1. \u0000Results: In all the experiments with sanitary wastewater, the microalgae production presented Chlorella sp. as the predominant species. The best biomass (3.78 ± 1.12 g L-1) and lipid (35.67 ± 0.80%) yields were found at 12.5 and 10.5 g L-1 of glycerol, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: The microalgae produced more lipids with glycerol supplementation. An attractive profile for biodiesel was found regarding the fatty acids in the biomass.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44244162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11432
R. Solanki, K. N. Pathak
Introduction: The study’s main aim is to investigate the long-term variation of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). It also aims to show the relationship between meteorological parameters. This study evaluates long-term (2010 to 2021) special and temporal changes over major Indian regions using satellite-based data from NASA’s Terra Satellite. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out during 2010-2021 using MODIS data for long-term analysis. Variation of AOD with meteorological parameters was also performed to show the impact of these parameters (Temperature and Relative Humidity) on AOD by the MERRA-II model. Results: Based on Terra AOD data, in all the studied regions, especially the eastern region (Kolkata), the mean AOD was high (0.9-1.2). In the western region (Mumbai, Ahmedabad, and Surat), the mean AOD was low to moderate during all seasons. Furthermore, the impact of meteorological parameters on AOD shows significant variation in average annual AOD in Kolkata (0.70 ± 0.09), while other regions reported lower than average AOD values during the study period. Mumbai and Surat had average AODs (0.44 ± 0.13), (0.45 ± 0.14), while Ahmedabad and Jaipur reported average AOD of 0.45 ± 0.14 and 0.23 ± 0.11 during the study period, respectively. Conclusion: Generally, AOD values vary from season to season due to aerosol’s optical and microphysical properties being affected by meteorological conditions and surface albedo. This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of AOD over five major Indian cities.
{"title":"Aerosol Optical Depth Spatial and Temporal Variability Using Satellite Data Over Indian Major Cities","authors":"R. Solanki, K. N. Pathak","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11432","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The study’s main aim is to investigate the long-term variation of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). It also aims to show the relationship between meteorological parameters. This study evaluates long-term (2010 to 2021) special and temporal changes over major Indian regions using satellite-based data from NASA’s Terra Satellite. \u0000Materials and Methods: This study was carried out during 2010-2021 using MODIS data for long-term analysis. Variation of AOD with meteorological parameters was also performed to show the impact of these parameters (Temperature and Relative Humidity) on AOD by the MERRA-II model. \u0000Results: Based on Terra AOD data, in all the studied regions, especially the eastern region (Kolkata), the mean AOD was high (0.9-1.2). In the western region (Mumbai, Ahmedabad, and Surat), the mean AOD was low to moderate during all seasons. Furthermore, the impact of meteorological parameters on AOD shows significant variation in average annual AOD in Kolkata (0.70 ± 0.09), while other regions reported lower than average AOD values during the study period. Mumbai and Surat had average AODs (0.44 ± 0.13), (0.45 ± 0.14), while Ahmedabad and Jaipur reported average AOD of 0.45 ± 0.14 and 0.23 ± 0.11 during the study period, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Generally, AOD values vary from season to season due to aerosol’s optical and microphysical properties being affected by meteorological conditions and surface albedo. This study examined the spatial and temporal distribution of AOD over five major Indian cities.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45472925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11428
A. Rezaie, Shahriar Forghani
The Article Abstract is not available.
文章摘要不可用。
{"title":"A Novel Method for Removal of Hazardous Microplastics from Water Using Magnets","authors":"A. Rezaie, Shahriar Forghani","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11428","url":null,"abstract":"The Article Abstract is not available.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45249353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11429
Jobin Thomas, Murali Parameswaran
Introduction: In recent years, the relationship between environment and psychological well-being has been paid attention among researchers. With the preceding emphasis on climate change, significant studies have been conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxidants (OX), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) of size ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and atmospheric factors like surrounding temperature, relative humidity, and their impact on health, especially mental health. Materials and Methods: This narrative review was conducted on the exposure-response relationship between environmental factors and air pollutants, and one type of mental health challenge, schizophrenia. Accordingly, the data analysis techniques applied to this problem were reviewed. The key research elements considered from existing studies included the relation between air quality and mental health, mathematical models, data sources, and areas that remain unexplored. Results: It was observed that most studies related to the environmental impact on schizophrenia have been limited to temperature and few pollutants. Conclusion: In the primary feasibility study, PM2.5, PM10, and temperature had a positive correlation and lag effect with the daily number of emergency admissions of schizophrenia.
{"title":"Impact of Climate and Pollution on Schizophrenia: A Narrative on Exposure-Response Relationship","authors":"Jobin Thomas, Murali Parameswaran","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11429","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In recent years, the relationship between environment and psychological well-being has been paid attention among researchers. With the preceding emphasis on climate change, significant studies have been conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxidants (OX), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM) of size ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and atmospheric factors like surrounding temperature, relative humidity, and their impact on health, especially mental health. \u0000Materials and Methods: This narrative review was conducted on the exposure-response relationship between environmental factors and air pollutants, and one type of mental health challenge, schizophrenia. Accordingly, the data analysis techniques applied to this problem were reviewed. The key research elements considered from existing studies included the relation between air quality and mental health, mathematical models, data sources, and areas that remain unexplored. \u0000 Results: It was observed that most studies related to the environmental impact on schizophrenia have been limited to temperature and few pollutants. \u0000Conclusion: In the primary feasibility study, PM2.5, PM10, and temperature had a positive correlation and lag effect with the daily number of emergency admissions of schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-24DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11430
Negin Rezaeiarshad, M. Rafiee, Mojtaba Sayyadi, A. Eslami
Introduction: Monitoring and controlling water resources and using health risk assessment approaches for water pollutants are essential for health promotion programs. This study aims to determine the water quality status and its spatiotemporal variation across the Kan River Basin, explore the interrelationship between surface and groundwater quality indices, and assess the nitrate health risk in drinking water. Materials and Methods: The water quality index (WQI) was calculated based on the guideline of the Iran Environmental Protection Organization, and spatiotemporal distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS in 2020. To determine the correlation between IRWQISC and IRWQIGC indices, Spearman's non-parametric test was applied. Furthermore, Hazard Quotient (HQ), Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), and Monte-Carlo Simulation techniques were used to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of nitrate in three age groups. Results: The water resources were classified into three groups of medium quality, relatively good, and good during the study period. All parameters complied with the Iranian water quality standards. Furthermore, the statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between the surface and groundwater quality indices. The calculated HQ values for infants, children, and adults were 0.661, 0.620, and 0.236, respectively. The ELCR values for infants, children, and adults were 1.06 × 10-4, 0.99 × 10-4, and 0.38 × 10-4, respectively, which, for the infants' group, was higher than the guideline limit of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (10-4). Conclusion: The water resources are suitable for drinking purposes. However, more attention is needed to prevent water contamination in the coming years.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal Analysis and Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate in Kan River Basin, Tehran: Application of IRWQI and Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Negin Rezaeiarshad, M. Rafiee, Mojtaba Sayyadi, A. Eslami","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i4.11430","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Monitoring and controlling water resources and using health risk assessment approaches for water pollutants are essential for health promotion programs. This study aims to determine the water quality status and its spatiotemporal variation across the Kan River Basin, explore the interrelationship between surface and groundwater quality indices, and assess the nitrate health risk in drinking water. \u0000Materials and Methods: The water quality index (WQI) was calculated based on the guideline of the Iran Environmental Protection Organization, and spatiotemporal distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS in 2020. To determine the correlation between IRWQISC and IRWQIGC indices, Spearman's non-parametric test was applied. Furthermore, Hazard Quotient (HQ), Excess Lifetime Cancer Risk (ELCR), and Monte-Carlo Simulation techniques were used to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of nitrate in three age groups. \u0000Results: The water resources were classified into three groups of medium quality, relatively good, and good during the study period. All parameters complied with the Iranian water quality standards. Furthermore, the statistical analysis revealed no significant relationship between the surface and groundwater quality indices. The calculated HQ values for infants, children, and adults were 0.661, 0.620, and 0.236, respectively. The ELCR values for infants, children, and adults were 1.06 × 10-4, 0.99 × 10-4, and 0.38 × 10-4, respectively, which, for the infants' group, was higher than the guideline limit of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) (10-4). \u0000Conclusion: The water resources are suitable for drinking purposes. However, more attention is needed to prevent water contamination in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10727
Zahra Darabi, G. Ferns, M. Ghayour-Mobarhan, S. S. Khayyatzadeh
Introduction: The effects of dietary nitrate on health are controversial. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and liver enzymes among Iranian adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 733 adolescent girls. They were recruited from several schools in different areas in the cities of Mashhad and Sabzevar, northeast region of Iran, by random cluster sampling method. The dietary intake of nitrate was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured by auto-analyzer. Linear regression was applied to investigate the correlation between nitrate intake and liver enzymes in crude and adjusted models. Results: There was a direct association between dietary intake of nitrate and serum levels of ALT in crude [β = 0.117; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01] and adjusted models for energy intake, age, BMI percentile, physical activity, menstruation, father's education, and mother's education [β = 0.128; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01]. No significant associations were found between dietary intake of nitrate and levels of ALP, AST, and GGT in crude or adjusted models. Conclusion: There was a direct relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and serum concentration of ALT. Longitudinal studies are required to examine the association between dietary nitrate intake and liver functional tests.
{"title":"The Association between Dietary Nitrate Intake and Alanine Transaminase in Adolescent Girls","authors":"Zahra Darabi, G. Ferns, M. Ghayour-Mobarhan, S. S. Khayyatzadeh","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10727","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The effects of dietary nitrate on health are controversial. The current study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and liver enzymes among Iranian adolescent girls. \u0000Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on 733 adolescent girls. They were recruited from several schools in different areas in the cities of Mashhad and Sabzevar, northeast region of Iran, by random cluster sampling method. The dietary intake of nitrate was assessed using a validated food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were measured by auto-analyzer. Linear regression was applied to investigate the correlation between nitrate intake and liver enzymes in crude and adjusted models. \u0000Results: There was a direct association between dietary intake of nitrate and serum levels of ALT in crude [β = 0.117; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01] and adjusted models for energy intake, age, BMI percentile, physical activity, menstruation, father's education, and mother's education [β = 0.128; 95% CI (0.003-0.016); P < 0.01]. No significant associations were found between dietary intake of nitrate and levels of ALP, AST, and GGT in crude or adjusted models. \u0000Conclusion: There was a direct relationship between dietary intake of nitrate and serum concentration of ALT. Longitudinal studies are required to examine the association between dietary nitrate intake and liver functional tests.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49092812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10722
Ali Abdolahnejad, M. Pourakbar, S. Raeghi, A. Mohammadi, Behzad Ranjbar, Ali Behnami
Introduction: Although various liquid, solid, and gaseous streams of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been analyzed in many studies for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, no study was found to sample and detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in screenings and grit samples separated from primary treatment units of WWTP. Hence, this study aims to provide an experimental protocol for sampling and extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grits separated from WWTPs. Materials and Methods: First, sampling was conducted to extract SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grit samples. After sample processing and viral RNA extraction, SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was performed by one-step reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Results: Based on the results, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was successfully extracted from screenings and grit samples of the studied WWTP with concentrations of (1.54 –3.9 × 104) and (0.8 – 2.3 × 104) genomic copies/L, respectively. Conclusion: Considering the successfully isolation and detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in solid phase samples of WWTP, this method can be applied for extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA and maybe other viruses from the screenings and grit samples of WWTPs in related studies.
{"title":"Experimental Protocol for Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in Screenings and Grit Samples of Wastewater Treatment Plants","authors":"Ali Abdolahnejad, M. Pourakbar, S. Raeghi, A. Mohammadi, Behzad Ranjbar, Ali Behnami","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10722","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Although various liquid, solid, and gaseous streams of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) have been analyzed in many studies for the presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA, no study was found to sample and detect SARS-CoV-2 RNA in screenings and grit samples separated from primary treatment units of WWTP. Hence, this study aims to provide an experimental protocol for sampling and extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grits separated from WWTPs. \u0000Materials and Methods: First, sampling was conducted to extract SARS-CoV-2 RNA from screenings and grit samples. After sample processing and viral RNA extraction, SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection was performed by one-step reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). \u0000Results: Based on the results, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was successfully extracted from screenings and grit samples of the studied WWTP with concentrations of (1.54 –3.9 × 104) and (0.8 – 2.3 × 104) genomic copies/L, respectively. \u0000Conclusion: Considering the successfully isolation and detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in solid phase samples of WWTP, this method can be applied for extracting SARS-CoV-2 RNA and maybe other viruses from the screenings and grit samples of WWTPs in related studies.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42131206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10721
Tooba Darijani, V. Alipour, M. Heidari
Introduction: Heavy metals (HMs) accumulated in the road dust may be transferred to the surrounding land and water bodies and pose ecological risks. Hence, such pollution should be considered, especially in coastal roads. This study focuses on the HMs pollution of dust settled on the surface of coastal roads along the Persian Gulf in Bandar Abbas city. Materials and Methods: In this study, road dust samples were collected from 13 points in coastal roads and analyzed by ICP-OES for the measurement of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb. Based on the HMs contents of dust, pollution, and ecological risk indices, including contamination factor (CF), modified pollution index (MPI), and modified ecological risk index (MRI) were calculated. Results: Among the studied HMs, Cu (4.73) showed the highest CF value. The levels of MPI showed that the road dust was strongly polluted by HMs (4.02), but it was mainly contributed by a low toxic metal (Cu). Therefore, the mean value of MRI was 132.3, indicating the low ecological risk of such pollution. Note that the MRI value was > 150 in some sampling points, indicating moderate ecological risk. Conclusion: This study showed that the road dust along the Persian Gulf coastline is polluted to different levels of the studied HMs and may pose various levels of ecological risks. The current level of HMs pollution in the study area was not significantly high. However, high pollution levels in the west roads should not be overlooked.
{"title":"Ecological Risks Attributed to the Heavy Metals Pollution of Dust Settled on the Surface of Coastal Roads along the Persian Gulf","authors":"Tooba Darijani, V. Alipour, M. Heidari","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10721","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Heavy metals (HMs) accumulated in the road dust may be transferred to the surrounding land and water bodies and pose ecological risks. Hence, such pollution should be considered, especially in coastal roads. This study focuses on the HMs pollution of dust settled on the surface of coastal roads along the Persian Gulf in Bandar Abbas city. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, road dust samples were collected from 13 points in coastal roads and analyzed by ICP-OES for the measurement of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, and Pb. Based on the HMs contents of dust, pollution, and ecological risk indices, including contamination factor (CF), modified pollution index (MPI), and modified ecological risk index (MRI) were calculated. \u0000Results: Among the studied HMs, Cu (4.73) showed the highest CF value. The levels of MPI showed that the road dust was strongly polluted by HMs (4.02), but it was mainly contributed by a low toxic metal (Cu). Therefore, the mean value of MRI was 132.3, indicating the low ecological risk of such pollution. Note that the MRI value was > 150 in some sampling points, indicating moderate ecological risk. \u0000Conclusion: This study showed that the road dust along the Persian Gulf coastline is polluted to different levels of the studied HMs and may pose various levels of ecological risks. The current level of HMs pollution in the study area was not significantly high. However, high pollution levels in the west roads should not be overlooked.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47370758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10725
R. Nodoushan, A. Hajihosseini, Roozbeh Ahmadzadeh, V. Anooshe
Introduction: Accidents in the workplace hurt people and sometimes cause death. One of the ways to prevent occupational accidents is to change the behavior and attitude of people towards safety. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the lean approach on the promotion of safety culture in Sarv combined cycle power plant of MAPNA exploitation. Materials and Methods: In this study, to evaluate the safety culture before performing the lean approach interventions, a safety culture questionnaire was distributed among 110 people who were randomly selected from 294 employees of the company. The results were analyzed as pre-intervention data. Then, with the introduction of lean tools that can be implemented in the power plant and their selection by a group of managers who came together for this purpose, the necessary measures were defined and performed in line with the lean approach. After six months from the beginning of the intervention, the questionnaire was distributed and collected among the selected individuals in the second stage. Results: Based on the findings, safety culture had no significant relationship with the demographic data of the sample. The results of paired t-tests showed that the safety culture score increased in all dimensions after the intervention. As a result, the total safety culture score showed a significant increase compared to the safety culture score before the intervention. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the pure approach has a great impact on safety culture and it is important to pay attention to it.
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Pub Date : 2022-09-20DOI: 10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10726
Elaheh Askari, A. Fallah, Saeid Habibian Dehkordi, S. Bahadoran, A. Mohebbi, Sara Mohamadi
Introduction: Natural products can alleviate oxidative stress induced by toxic metals. This study evaluated antioxidant properties of clove essential oil (CEO), compared to oxidative deterioration of Cd. It was carried out by measuring growth performance parameters (BW, FI, and FCR), oxidative indices (TBARS, CP, CAT, SOD, and GPx), lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C), and Cd bioaccumulation in quails. Materials and Methods: In this study, 480 Japanese quails were fed with diets for 35 days. The diets included basal diet, basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg), basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), and basal diet + Cd (40 mg/l). Oxidative indices and Cd bioaccumulation (ICP-OES) were measured. Results: The major ingredients of CEO included Eugenol (77.63%) and β-Caryophyllene (9.55%). Quails exposed to Cd and treated with CEO had a reduced amount of oxidative stress as evidenced by lower concentrations of TBARS and CP, higher activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT, an improved lipid profile, and lower accumulation of Cd compared to the positive control. However, FI and FCR did not change. Conclusion: Antioxidant properties of CEO were dose-dependent. CEO (450 mg/kg) was potentially as effective as, or even more potent than VC (500 mg/kg) in reducing the adverse effects of Cd. However, further studies are required to determine the minimum concentration of COE.
简介:天然产物可减轻有毒金属引起的氧化应激。本研究通过测量鹌鹑的生长性能参数(BW、FI和FCR)、氧化指标(TBARS、CP、CAT、SOD和GPx)、脂质谱(TG、TC、LDL-C和HDL-C)和Cd生物积累来评估丁香精油(CEO)的抗氧化性能。材料与方法:以480只日本鹌鹑为试验对象，饲喂饲粮35 d。试验饲粮包括基础饲粮、基础饲粮+ VC (500 mg/kg)、基础饲粮+ CEO (450 mg/kg)、基础饲粮+ CEO (100 mg/kg)、基础饲粮+ VC (500 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l)、基础饲粮+ CEO (450 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l)、基础饲粮+ CEO (100 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l)和基础饲粮+ Cd (40 mg/l)。测定了氧化指标和Cd生物积累(ICP-OES)。结果:丁香酚的主要成分为丁香酚(77.63%)和β-石竹烯(9.55%)。与阳性对照相比，暴露于Cd和CEO处理的鹌鹑氧化应激水平降低，表现为TBARS和CP浓度降低，SOD、GPx和CAT活性升高，脂质谱改善，Cd积累降低。然而，FI和FCR没有变化。结论:CEO的抗氧化作用呈剂量依赖性。在减少镉的不良影响方面，CEO (450 mg/kg)可能与VC (500 mg/kg)一样有效，甚至比VC (500 mg/kg)更有效。然而，还需要进一步的研究来确定COE的最低浓度。
{"title":"Effect of Dietary Clove (Syzygium Aromaticum) Essential Oil on Growth Performance, Oxidative Indices, Lipid Profile, and Cadmium Accumulation in Cd-exposed Quails","authors":"Elaheh Askari, A. Fallah, Saeid Habibian Dehkordi, S. Bahadoran, A. Mohebbi, Sara Mohamadi","doi":"10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/jehsd.v7i3.10726","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Natural products can alleviate oxidative stress induced by toxic metals. This study evaluated antioxidant properties of clove essential oil (CEO), compared to oxidative deterioration of Cd. It was carried out by measuring growth performance parameters (BW, FI, and FCR), oxidative indices (TBARS, CP, CAT, SOD, and GPx), lipid profile (TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C), and Cd bioaccumulation in quails. \u0000Materials and Methods: In this study, 480 Japanese quails were fed with diets for 35 days. The diets included basal diet, basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg), basal diet + VC (500 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (450 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), basal diet + CEO (100 mg/kg) + Cd (40 mg/l), and basal diet + Cd (40 mg/l). Oxidative indices and Cd bioaccumulation (ICP-OES) were measured. \u0000Results: The major ingredients of CEO included Eugenol (77.63%) and β-Caryophyllene (9.55%). Quails exposed to Cd and treated with CEO had a reduced amount of oxidative stress as evidenced by lower concentrations of TBARS and CP, higher activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT, an improved lipid profile, and lower accumulation of Cd compared to the positive control. However, FI and FCR did not change. \u0000Conclusion: Antioxidant properties of CEO were dose-dependent. CEO (450 mg/kg) was potentially as effective as, or even more potent than VC (500 mg/kg) in reducing the adverse effects of Cd. However, further studies are required to determine the minimum concentration of COE.","PeriodicalId":53380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Health and Sustainable Development","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46984901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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