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Brain drain among Sri Lankan psychiatrists 斯里兰卡精神病学家人才外流
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8529
M. Chandradasa, A. L. A. Kuruppuarachchi, Sri Lanka, Kala Kuruppuarachchi
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Coeditor Dulshika Waas meets Professor Samudra Kathriarachchi, Emeritus Professor of Psychiatry for the first interview in a series of interviews with eminent psychiatrists in Sri Lanka 共同编辑 Dulshika Waas 与精神病学名誉教授 Samudra Kathriarachchi 教授会面,这是斯里兰卡著名精神病学家系列访谈的第一篇。
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8531
Dulshika A Waas
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
A cross-sectional study of the relationship between mental disorders and dating violence victimisation in university undergraduates 大学生精神障碍与约会暴力受害关系的横断面研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8485
A. Lebimoyo, M. Sanni
Background: In many climes, dating violence is quite prevalent among young persons, and contemporary research has demonstrated that Nigerian youths are not exempted from this menace. Beyond the physical impact of violence, victims of dating violence could also experience common mental health problems like; depression, anxiety, and suicidality.Aims: To determine the pattern and magnitude of dating violence victimisation, and the relationship between dating violence victimisation, depression, anxiety, and suicidality among undergraduate students.Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study of 118 undergraduate students recruited using convenience sampling. The questionnaires used were; the Dating Violence Questionnaire (DVQ), Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Hospital Anxiety  and Depression Scale (HADS), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire.Results: Humiliation and sexual abuse were the commonest, and least common forms of dating violence victimization respectively. Humiliation was predictive of depression (P=0.04) and suicidality (P=0.04), physical abuse was predictive of anxiety (P=0.02), and sexual abuse was predictive of suicidality (P=0.03).Conclusions: There is a need for better advocacy for prevention programs against dating violence, and scaling up of mental health services for youths suffering from dating violence-related mental health problems.
背景:在许多国家,约会暴力在年轻人中相当普遍,当代研究表明,尼日利亚年轻人也不能幸免。除了暴力对身体造成的影响外,约会暴力的受害者还可能经历常见的心理健康问题,如抑郁、焦虑和自杀。目的:确定约会暴力受害的模式和程度,以及约会暴力受害与大学生抑郁、焦虑和自杀之间的关系:这是一项横断面描述性研究,采用便利抽样法招募了 118 名本科生。使用的问卷包括约会暴力问卷(DVQ)、自杀行为问卷修订版(SBQ-R)、医院焦虑抑郁量表(HADS)和社会人口学问卷:侮辱和性虐待分别是最常见和最不常见的约会暴力受害形式。侮辱可预测抑郁(P=0.04)和自杀(P=0.04),身体虐待可预测焦虑(P=0.02),性虐待可预测自杀(P=0.03):结论:有必要更好地宣传针对约会暴力的预防计划,并扩大针对遭受约会暴力相关心理健康问题的青少年的心理健康服务。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the effects of the past civil war in terms of the prevalence and associating factors of PTSD 从创伤后应激障碍的发病率和相关因素方面探讨过去内战的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8465
R. M. M. Monaragala
The Sri Lanka Army experienced a civil war, which ended in 2009. PTSD is a chronic psychological complication following trauma associated with war, and this study intends to explore the extent of PTSD ten years after the civil war in the Army.Aims:This study aimed at describing the prevalence of PTSD and its associated factors among armed personnel with combat experience.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted in 2019, in the East of Sri Lanka with a total sample of 3365. The other ranks were selected from 71 clusters by multi-stage cluster sampling method whilst the officers were selected by systematic random sampling method from the Officers’ Seniority List. The locally validated PTSD checklist military version (PCL-M) questionnaire was used to screen PTSD. A standard questionnaire was used to obtain data on sociodemographics, aggression, smoking, and cannabis usage, whereas locally validated tools (PHQ-9, Chalder fatigue scale, and AUDIT) were used to gather information on psycho-logical and behavioral factors. Data were analyzed with SPSS-20, and the significance of factors associated with PTSD (p≤0.05) was determined by the Chi-Square test. Multiple logistic regression was used to exclude confounders. The study was conducted after the ethical clearance from the Ethical Review Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, KDU.Results: Of the sample, 1845 (75 officers and 1772 other ranks) had combat exposure and were chosen for this study.  The prevalence of PTSD was 3.9%. Battle events and consequences, probable depression, fatigue, high-risk drinking (HRD), childhood abuse, expression of aggression, psychiatric family history, inward admission, absenteeism, and psychosocial dysfunction were significantly associated with PTSD. After adjusting the odds ratios, probable depression, fatigue, aggression, and family history of mental disorder, were predictive of PTSD.Conclusions: Even after ten years, the psychological effect of the civil war persists. Early exposure to childhood abuse, psychiatric family history, and younger age at combat exposure could be risk factors for PTSD, and HRD, depression, fatigue, psychosocial dys-function, absenteeism, aggression, and tendency to seek medical treatment can be outcomes of PTSD. Screening and psychosocial intervention are recommended in the field.
斯里兰卡军队经历了内战,内战于 2009 年结束。创伤后应激障碍是与战争相关的创伤后的一种慢性心理并发症,本研究旨在探讨内战结束十年后军队中创伤后应激障碍的严重程度:这是一项横断面研究,于 2019 年在斯里兰卡东部进行,共有 3365 个样本。其他军衔人员通过多阶段聚类抽样法从 71 个聚类中抽取,而军官则通过系统随机抽样法从军官资历名单中抽取。筛选创伤后应激障碍时使用了经当地验证的创伤后应激障碍检查表军用版(PCL-M)问卷。标准问卷用于获取有关社会人口统计学、攻击行为、吸烟和吸食大麻的数据,而本地验证工具(PHQ-9、Chalder 疲劳量表和 AUDIT)则用于收集有关心理逻辑和行为因素的信息。数据使用 SPSS-20 进行分析,并通过 Chi-Square 检验确定创伤后应激障碍相关因素的显著性(P≤0.05)。采用多元逻辑回归排除混杂因素。这项研究是在获得昆明理工大学医学院伦理审查委员会的伦理许可后进行的:在样本中,有 1845 人(75 名军官和 1772 名其他军衔人员)有战斗经历,并被选入本研究。 创伤后应激障碍的发病率为 3.9%。战斗事件和后果、可能的抑郁、疲劳、高危饮酒(HRD)、童年受虐待、攻击性表现、精神病家族史、内向入院、旷工和心理社会功能障碍与创伤后应激障碍显著相关。在对几率进行调整后,可能的抑郁、疲劳、攻击性和精神障碍家族史对创伤后应激障碍有预测作用:结论:即使在十年之后,内战的心理影响依然存在。早期遭受童年虐待、精神病家族史和较小的战斗暴露年龄可能是创伤后应激障碍的风险因素,而HRD、抑郁、疲劳、心理社会功能障碍、旷工、攻击性和求医倾向可能是创伤后应激障碍的结果。建议在实地进行筛查和心理干预。
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引用次数: 0
Towards the same goal from different ends: the use of arts in psychiatric practice 殊途同归:艺术在精神病治疗中的应用
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8489
N. Liyanage
Various artistic modalities are used as an alternative or supplementary treatment method in modern-day psychiatric practice. It has been shown that artistic activities are beneficial to patients as they provide a platform to open up and share the experiences, feelings, perceptions, views, and expectations of their lives with mental illnesses. Artistic activities can be used as a powerful tool to improve empathy not only in clinicians but also in patients by allowing them to view the world from a different perspective. Artistic modalities can be effectively used in mental health promotion and prevention when adopted by cultures. The ultimate goal of biologically driven psychiatric practice is to reduce the suffering due to mental illnesses, and the incorporation of non-pharma-cological treatment modalities like artistic activities can complement achieving the same target.
在现代精神病治疗实践中,各种艺术模式被用作替代或辅助治疗方法。研究表明,艺术活动为患者提供了一个敞开心扉、分享其精神疾病生活经历、感受、认知、观点和期望的平台,因此对患者有益。艺术活动可以作为一种强有力的工具,不仅可以提高临床医生的移情能力,还可以让患者从不同的角度看待世界。当艺术模式被各种文化所采用时,可以有效地用于精神健康的促进和预防。以生物学为驱动力的精神病学实践的最终目标是减少精神疾病造成的痛苦,而艺术活动等非药物治疗方式的融入可以辅助实现这一目标。
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引用次数: 0
Tertiary care de-addiction centre patients with substance dependence syndrome: A study of sociodemographic profile, sero prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, human immuno deficiency virus, and psychiatric co-morbidity 三级护理戒毒中心的药物依赖综合征患者:一项关于社会人口概况、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒血清流行率和精神病并发症的研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8488
A. Jhajharia, P. Arora
Objective: In India, the epidemic of substance misuse among young people has grown alarmingly severe over the past few years. These patients continue to spread the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) at an alarming pace on a global scale. Co-morbidity between psychiatric diseases and substance use disorders has recently gained significant policy attention. The current study sought to determine the prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity, HIV, HBV, and HCV infection among individuals with substance use disorders.Material and methods: The present cross-sectional study was tertiary care Drug De-addiction Centre based study in which their sero-prevalence of anti-HCV, anti-HIV antibodies and HBsAg antigen were determined along with psychiatric co-morbidity among 100 consenting patients of substance dependence syndrome. Pre structured psychiatric thesis, socio demographic performa, self reporting questionare 20 and MINI were applied to study the abovesaid factors. The data was evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel worksheet.Results: The majority 60.0% of patients had single substance dependence. Out of that maximum had opioid dependence 86.7% followed by alcohol dependence 8.3%. 30 (30.0%) patients were reactive for any of three viral markers and 70 (70%) patients were non-reactive. Regarding psychiatric co-morbidity 29.0% patients of substance dependence syndrome had co-morbid psychiatric illness as per MINI scale.Conclusions: Thus, the findings of this study will contribute to the development of effective intervention programs to stop the spread of  HIV, HBV, HCV, and psychiatric disorder among this population.
目的:在印度,年轻人滥用药物的流行病在过去几年里已发展到令人震惊的严重程度。这些患者继续以惊人的速度在全球范围内传播人体免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)。最近,精神疾病和药物使用障碍之间的共病问题在政策上得到了极大的关注。本研究旨在确定药物使用障碍患者中精神疾病并发症、HIV、HBV 和 HCV 感染的患病率:本横断面研究是以三级戒毒中心为基础的研究,在 100 名同意的药物依赖综合征患者中,测定了抗-HCV、抗-HIV 抗体和 HBsAg 抗原的血清流行率以及精神疾病合并症。为研究上述因素,采用了预结构化精神病学论文、社会人口学执行表、自我报告问题 20 和 MINI。数据使用 Microsoft Office Excel 工作表进行评估:结果:60.0%的患者有单一药物依赖。结果:60.0%的患者有单一药物依赖,其中阿片类药物依赖者最多,占 86.7%,其次是酒精依赖者,占 8.3%。30(30.0%)名患者对三种病毒标记物中的任何一种都有反应,70(70%)名患者没有反应。根据 MINI 量表,29.0% 的药物依赖综合征患者合并有精神疾病:因此,本研究的结果将有助于制定有效的干预方案,阻止 HIV、HBV、HCV 和精神疾病在这一人群中传播。
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引用次数: 0
Cognitive impairment and functional outcomes in schizophrenia: a narrative review 精神分裂症患者的认知障碍和功能障碍:叙述性综述
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8498
N. U. Wanniarachchi, S. M. Senanayake
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Psychiatry, caught in the web of the internet 陷入互联网之网的精神病学
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8532
L. Amarakoon, R. Fernando
No abstract available
无摘要
{"title":"Psychiatry, caught in the web of the internet","authors":"L. Amarakoon, R. Fernando","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8532","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract available","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" 528","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140682593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The association between serum BDNF levels, BDNF polymorphisms, and tardive dyskinesia: A review of current evidence 血清 BDNF 水平、BDNF 多态性与迟发性运动障碍之间的关系:现有证据综述
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8487
K. Uludag
Background: Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) is a movement disorder that can be potentially permanent and is commonly found among psychiatric patients who are taking antipsychotics or lithium. Studies have investigated the association between TD and genetics, particularly the impact of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) polymorphisms on TD occurrence and cognitive changes. Among the BDNF polymorphisms studied, Val66Met has been investigated extensively. Nevertheless, the extent to which genetic approaches can contribute to comprehending the susceptibility to TD remains uncertain.Methods: PubMed was used to search articles systematically. Twenty-seven articles published in the last ten years (2012-2022) were retrieved. Review, meta-analysis, retracted, animal studies, and comment articles were excluded. In addition, only articles in English language were included.Results: Preliminary results of the study suggest an association between TD occurrence and cognition with specific BDNF polymorphisms and serum BDNF levels.Conclusions: In conclusion, our study findings suggest a potential relationship between TD and BDNF polymorphisms as well as serum BDNF levels.
背景介绍迟发性运动障碍(TD)是一种可能是永久性的运动障碍,常见于服用抗精神病药物或锂盐的精神病患者。有研究调查了 TD 与遗传之间的关系,特别是脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)多态性对 TD 发生和认知变化的影响。在所研究的 BDNF 多态性中,Val66Met 已被广泛研究。然而,遗传方法在多大程度上有助于理解 TD 的易感性仍不确定:方法:使用 PubMed 对文章进行系统检索。检索了过去十年(2012-2022 年)发表的 27 篇文章。综述、荟萃分析、被撤回、动物研究和评论文章被排除在外。此外,只纳入了英文文章:研究的初步结果表明,TD的发生和认知与特定的BDNF多态性和血清BDNF水平有关:总之,我们的研究结果表明,TD 和 BDNF 多态性以及血清 BDNF 水平之间存在潜在关系。
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引用次数: 0
When seizures speak: A case of epilepsy presenting with complex multimodal hallucinations 当癫痫发作时会说话一例出现复杂多模态幻觉的癫痫患者
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8496
H. M. T. S. Abayawickrama, S. S. Ratnatunga, D. N. K. Arachchi
Epilepsy is known to induce psychiatric manifestations like mood disturbances, anxiety, and psychosis. Seizures originating in specific brain areas, particularly the temporal lobes, can lead to psychiatric symptoms without associated motor activity characteristic of epilepsy. We report a patient with intractable epilepsy presenting with complex auditory, visual, and olfactory hallucinations.
众所周知,癫痫会诱发情绪障碍、焦虑和精神病等精神症状。源于特定脑区(尤其是颞叶)的癫痫发作可导致精神症状,但不会伴有癫痫特有的运动活动。我们报告了一名出现复杂的听觉、视觉和嗅觉幻觉的难治性癫痫患者。
{"title":"When seizures speak: A case of epilepsy presenting with complex multimodal hallucinations","authors":"H. M. T. S. Abayawickrama, S. S. Ratnatunga, D. N. K. Arachchi","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v14i2.8496","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is known to induce psychiatric manifestations like mood disturbances, anxiety, and psychosis. Seizures originating in specific brain areas, particularly the temporal lobes, can lead to psychiatric symptoms without associated motor activity characteristic of epilepsy. We report a patient with intractable epilepsy presenting with complex auditory, visual, and olfactory hallucinations.","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry
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