Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8242
D. Damayanthi, A. M. N. L. D. Silva, I. Gunathilake, C. Suraweera
{"title":"A qualitative study of mealtime difficulties in patients with dementia who feed themselves","authors":"D. Damayanthi, A. M. N. L. D. Silva, I. Gunathilake, C. Suraweera","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47988669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8221
G. Lakshmana, F. Mohd, A. Panda
{"title":"Sexual desire, sexual functioning and well-being in married males: a community based study","authors":"G. Lakshmana, F. Mohd, A. Panda","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8221","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44163111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8245
A. Hapangama, S. Perera
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is the focal application of a localized, pulsed magnetic field to the cerebral cortex, resulting in the induction of a small electrical currents that stimulate nerve cells in the region of the brain involved in mood regulation and depression. Similar to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), it is noninvasive, however unlike ECT it does not involve use of an anaesthetic, seizure induction or loss of consciousness. The Professional Practice Guidelines (PPG 16) of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists as well as the Interventional procedures guidance [IPG542] of the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) of the United Kingdom both list depression as the primary clinical indication for rTMS. The PPG 16 also states that there is accumulating evidence for use of rTMS in obsessive compulsive disorder, but given the wide variety of treatment targets and paradigms used in different studies, it is still difficult to make an overall conclusion. The guideline highlights that the evidence for use of rTMS in schizophrenia is less substantive, with lack of multi-centre trials, but may be considered for patients with persistent auditory hallucinations despite optimal medication, to be delivered with specialist training.
{"title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation – a new way forward for psychiatric disorders?","authors":"A. Hapangama, S. Perera","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8245","url":null,"abstract":"Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is the focal application of a localized, pulsed magnetic field to the cerebral cortex, resulting in the induction of a small electrical currents that stimulate nerve cells in the region of the brain involved in mood regulation and depression. Similar to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), it is noninvasive, however unlike ECT it does not involve use of an anaesthetic, seizure induction or loss of consciousness. The Professional Practice Guidelines (PPG 16) of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists as well as the Interventional procedures guidance [IPG542] of the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) of the United Kingdom both list depression as the primary clinical indication for rTMS. The PPG 16 also states that there is accumulating evidence for use of rTMS in obsessive compulsive disorder, but given the wide variety of treatment targets and paradigms used in different studies, it is still difficult to make an overall conclusion. The guideline highlights that the evidence for use of rTMS in schizophrenia is less substantive, with lack of multi-centre trials, but may be considered for patients with persistent auditory hallucinations despite optimal medication, to be delivered with specialist training.","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49331276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8244
A. Isuru, D. Ediriweera, A. Pathmeswaran, A. Embuldeniya, H. Narammalage, S. Warnakulasuriya, K. Kuruppuarachchi, A. Hapangama
Background There is limited research regarding the prevalence of betel quid use and its effects on symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. Available studies suggest an association between betel chewing and positive symptoms among males with schizophrenia. Aims This study aimed to compare the prevalence of betel quid chewing between patients with and without mental illness, and to explore the association between betel quid use, symptoms of schizophrenia and side effects of psychotropic medication. Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was carried atoutpatient clinics at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. A structured interview schedule was administered to all participants. Results Out of 1000 participants, 20.9% chewed betel quid (95%CI: 18.4% - 23.4%). The rate of betel chewing among patients with and without a mental illness was 20.7% (95% CI: 17.0% - 24.4%) and 21.0% (95% CI: 17.6% - 24.5%) respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the occurrence of positive or negative symptoms and extra pyramidal side effects in patients with schizophrenia who did and did not chew betel. Female gender (p=0.004) and betel quid chewing (0.002) were associated with more anticholinergic side effects. Conclusions There was no association between betel quid usage and the occurrence of positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia or extra pyramidal side effects.
{"title":"Betel-quid use and its effects on symptoms of schizophrenia and extrapyramidal symptoms among a group of patients in a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka","authors":"A. Isuru, D. Ediriweera, A. Pathmeswaran, A. Embuldeniya, H. Narammalage, S. Warnakulasuriya, K. Kuruppuarachchi, A. Hapangama","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8244","url":null,"abstract":"Background There is limited research regarding the prevalence of betel quid use and its effects on symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. Available studies suggest an association between betel chewing and positive symptoms among males with schizophrenia. Aims This study aimed to compare the prevalence of betel quid chewing between patients with and without mental illness, and to explore the association between betel quid use, symptoms of schizophrenia and side effects of psychotropic medication. Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was carried atoutpatient clinics at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka. A structured interview schedule was administered to all participants. Results Out of 1000 participants, 20.9% chewed betel quid (95%CI: 18.4% - 23.4%). The rate of betel chewing among patients with and without a mental illness was 20.7% (95% CI: 17.0% - 24.4%) and 21.0% (95% CI: 17.6% - 24.5%) respectively and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference between the occurrence of positive or negative symptoms and extra pyramidal side effects in patients with schizophrenia who did and did not chew betel. Female gender (p=0.004) and betel quid chewing (0.002) were associated with more anticholinergic side effects. Conclusions There was no association between betel quid usage and the occurrence of positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia or extra pyramidal side effects.","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48649659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8226
A. Ellepola, G. S. Wijethunge, N. Gunawardena
{"title":"Association between obesity and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children at a tertiary care outpatient setting: A comparative study","authors":"A. Ellepola, G. S. Wijethunge, N. Gunawardena","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47147091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8223
A. Malalagama
{"title":"Psychological effects of boarding students in schools far away from home – a qualitative study of a sample of students referred to a psychiatry clinic from Central Sri Lanka","authors":"A. Malalagama","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8240
N. Ravindran, A. Ravindran
A significant proportion of patients with major depressive disorder are refractory to approved interventions. The first report of significant and rapid benefit of intravenous (IV) ketamine for treatment resistant depression (TRD) appeared in 2000. Since then, there have been multiple reports on the efficacy and tolerability of ketamine formulations for TRD, in particular for single-dose IV administration, which is supported by meta-analyses. The benefit for oral and other non-IV forms remains preliminary. There is preliminary evidence that ketamine has anti-suicidal properties. The adverse effects of ketamine are often mild, brief, and not clinically significant, and include dissociation, sedation, and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Recently, the S-enantiomer esketamine has been developed, evaluated, and approved for use in North America as adjunct to antidepressants for TRD. Intranasal esketamine has ease of use but the IV form has the advantage of cost. Both are equally effective and tolerable with few drug interactions, and are indicated for adult patients with TRD. Informed consent, medical assessment, supervised setting and monitoring by trained personnel are mandatory. The increased risk of misuse, diversion, and addiction has been recognized with the need for education, responsible practice, and ongoing research.
{"title":"Party drug to mainstream medicine; the transition of ketamine","authors":"N. Ravindran, A. Ravindran","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8240","url":null,"abstract":"A significant proportion of patients with major depressive disorder are refractory to approved interventions. The first report of significant and rapid benefit of intravenous (IV) ketamine for treatment resistant depression (TRD) appeared in 2000. Since then, there have been multiple reports on the efficacy and tolerability of ketamine formulations for TRD, in particular for single-dose IV administration, which is supported by meta-analyses. The benefit for oral and other non-IV forms remains preliminary. There is preliminary evidence that ketamine has anti-suicidal properties. The adverse effects of ketamine are often mild, brief, and not clinically significant, and include dissociation, sedation, and changes in blood pressure and heart rate. Recently, the S-enantiomer esketamine has been developed, evaluated, and approved for use in North America as adjunct to antidepressants for TRD. Intranasal esketamine has ease of use but the IV form has the advantage of cost. Both are equally effective and tolerable with few drug interactions, and are indicated for adult patients with TRD. Informed consent, medical assessment, supervised setting and monitoring by trained personnel are mandatory. The increased risk of misuse, diversion, and addiction has been recognized with the need for education, responsible practice, and ongoing research.","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45617375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8237
D. Dahanayake, G. S. Wijethunge, V. A. D. Silva
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with mental health problems among children with asthma: a hospital-based study","authors":"D. Dahanayake, G. S. Wijethunge, V. A. D. Silva","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47294044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8225
A. Ellepola, C. Abayaweera
Introduction Expressed emotion (EE) describes the caregiver’s attitudes and behaviour towards a person with a mental illness and is comprised of criticism, hostility and emotional overinvolvement (1). High EE has a direct association with recurrence of wide range of mental illness, especially schizophrenia (2). Significant behavioural deterioration has been reported in patients with schizophrenia who live with even minimally hostile relatives (2). Evidence shows that patients with schizophrenia returning home from the hospital to live Abstract
{"title":"Expressed emotion, medication adherence and association with disease prognosis in patients with schizophrenia at Teaching Hospital, Anuradhapura","authors":"A. Ellepola, C. Abayaweera","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8225","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Expressed emotion (EE) describes the caregiver’s attitudes and behaviour towards a person with a mental illness and is comprised of criticism, hostility and emotional overinvolvement (1). High EE has a direct association with recurrence of wide range of mental illness, especially schizophrenia (2). Significant behavioural deterioration has been reported in patients with schizophrenia who live with even minimally hostile relatives (2). Evidence shows that patients with schizophrenia returning home from the hospital to live Abstract","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42988189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-18DOI: 10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8243
U. Attygalle, H. Perera, B. D. W. Jayamanne
One definition of stigma is that it is a “collection of negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, and behaviours that influence the individual or the general public to fear, reject, avoid, be prejudiced, and discriminate against people” (1). Stigma impedes treatment seeking, erodes self-esteem and limits the individual’s social network. Although stigma was described as a unitary characteristic in earlier studies, currently it is understood as being more complex and having many dimensions and attributes (2-4). Culture also influences the way stigma relating to mental illness is presented (5).
{"title":"Stigma related to mental health issues – a study among adolescents in Sri Lanka","authors":"U. Attygalle, H. Perera, B. D. W. Jayamanne","doi":"10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4038/sljpsyc.v11i1.8243","url":null,"abstract":"One definition of stigma is that it is a “collection of negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, and behaviours that influence the individual or the general public to fear, reject, avoid, be prejudiced, and discriminate against people” (1). Stigma impedes treatment seeking, erodes self-esteem and limits the individual’s social network. Although stigma was described as a unitary characteristic in earlier studies, currently it is understood as being more complex and having many dimensions and attributes (2-4). Culture also influences the way stigma relating to mental illness is presented (5).","PeriodicalId":53403,"journal":{"name":"Sri Lanka Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43711822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：