Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology最新文献_第2页

Identification of key signaling pathways and novel computational drug target for oral cancer, metabolic disorders and periodontal disease 确定口腔癌、代谢紊乱和牙周病的关键信号通路和新型计算药物靶点

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100431

Mohammad Khursheed Alam , Md. Faruk Hosen , Kiran Kumar Ganji , Kawsar Ahmed , Francis M. Bui

Aim

Due to conventional endocrinological methods, there is presently no shared work available, and no therapeutic options have been demonstrated in oral cancer (OC) and periodontal disease (PD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and obese patients. The aim of this study is to determine the similar molecular pathways and potential therapeutic targets in PD, OC, T2D, and obesity that may be used to anticipate the progression of the disease.

Methods

Four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) microarray datasets (GSE29221, GSE15773, GSE16134, and GSE13601) are used for finding differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for T2D, obese, and PD patients with OC in order to explore comparable pathways and therapeutic medications. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were used to investigate the functional annotations of the genes. The hub genes were then identified using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, and the most significant PPI components were evaluated using a clustering approach.

Results

These three gene expression-based datasets yielded a total of seven common DEGs. According to the GO annotation, the majority of the DEGs were connected with the microtubule cytoskeleton structure involved in mitosis. The KEGG pathways revealed that the concordant DEGs are connected to the cell cycle and progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation. Based on topological analysis of the PPI network, major hub genes (CCNB1, BUB1, TTK, PLAT, and AHNAK) and notable modules were revealed. This work additionally identified the connection of TF genes and miRNAs with common DEGs, as well as TF activity.

Conclusion

Predictive drug analysis yielded concordant drug compounds involved with T2D, OC, PD, and obesity disorder, which might be beneficial for examining the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of metabolic disorders and Oral cancer.

目的由于采用传统的内分泌学方法，目前还没有共同的研究成果，也没有针对口腔癌（OC）、牙周病（PD）、2 型糖尿病（T2D）和肥胖症患者的治疗方案。本研究的目的是确定 PD、OC、T2D 和肥胖症中相似的分子通路和潜在的治疗靶点，以用于预测疾病的进展。方法使用四个基因表达总库（GEO）微阵列数据集（GSE29221、GSE15773、GSE16134 和 GSE13601）寻找 T2D、肥胖症和 PD 患者与 OC 的差异表达基因（DEGs），以探索相似的通路和治疗药物。基因本体（GO）和通路分析用于研究基因的功能注释。然后利用蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络确定了枢纽基因，并利用聚类方法评估了最重要的 PPI 成分。根据 GO 注释，大多数 DEGs 与参与有丝分裂的微管细胞骨架结构有关。KEGG 通路显示，一致的 DEGs 与细胞周期和孕酮介导的卵母细胞成熟有关。基于 PPI 网络的拓扑分析，发现了主要的枢纽基因（CCNB1、BUB1、TTK、PLAT 和 AHNAK）和显著的模块。结论预测性药物分析得出了与 T2D、OC、PD 和肥胖症相关的药物化合物，这可能有利于研究代谢紊乱和口腔癌的诊断、治疗和预后。

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引用次数: 0

Biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using bracken fern inhibits cell proliferation in HCT-15 cells through induction of apoptosis pathway and overexpression of heat shock proteins 利用蕨类植物合成的生物银纳米粒子通过诱导细胞凋亡途径和热休克蛋白的过度表达抑制 HCT-15 细胞的增殖

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100428

Kailas D. Datkhile , Pratik P. Durgawale , Nilam J. Jagdale , Ashwini L. More , Satish R. Patil

Background

In recent years, biosynthesized nanoparticles has shown a promise as alternative avenue for improving the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapy. Despite, there is a significant gap in existing literature concerning the comprehensive study of biogenic silver nanoparticles derived from terrestrial fern species and their potential effects on cancer cells. This study is aiming to investigate effects of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract of bracken fern Pteridium revolutum on inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis in HCT-15 cells.

Methods

Biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesized using aqueous extract of Pteridum revolutum followed by their characterization (UV–Visible spectroscopy, TEM, XRD and FTIR). The impact on cell proliferation of HCT-15 cells was assessed by MTT assay while induction of apoptosis was demonstrated via DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 assay, cell cycle arrest, FITC V- Annexin assay and evaluation of expression of apoptotic genes using real time PCR and western blotting techniques.

Results

Results of UV–Vis spectrum of colloidal solution of CW-AgNPs showed surface plasmon resonance peak at 430 nm. TEM and XRD results confirmed synthesis of spherical shaped, 20–40 nm sized nanoparticles. The results elucidate cytotoxic effect of PR-AgNPs against HCT-15 cells in time and dose dependent manner with IC50 observed at 5.79 ± 0.58 µg /mL after 24 h of exposure. Furthermore, PR-AgNPs induce significant alterations in cellular morphology, elevate DNA DNA fragmentation and enhance expression of p53 and caspase-3 in HCT10 cells.

Conclusion

The findings from this study address the noteworthy antiproliferative effects of PR-AgNPs in cancer cells primarily mediated through activation of intrinsic apoptosis pathway by inducing p53 and caspase-3 genes.

背景近年来，生物合成的纳米粒子有望成为提高传统化疗效果的替代途径。尽管如此，现有文献中关于从陆生蕨类植物中提取的生物银纳米粒子及其对癌细胞的潜在影响的全面研究仍有很大空白。本研究旨在探讨利用蕨类植物 Pteridium revolutum 的水提取物合成的生物银纳米粒子对抑制 HCT-15 细胞增殖和诱导 HCT-15 细胞凋亡的作用。MTT 试验评估了对 HCT-15 细胞增殖的影响，而 DNA 断裂、caspase-3 试验、细胞周期停滞、FITC V- Annexin 试验以及使用实时 PCR 和 Western 印迹技术评估凋亡基因的表达则证明了诱导凋亡的作用。TEM 和 XRD 结果证实合成了 20-40 nm 大小的球形纳米粒子。结果表明，PR-AgNPs 对 HCT-15 细胞的细胞毒性作用具有时间和剂量依赖性，暴露 24 小时后的 IC50 值为 5.79 ± 0.58 µg /mL。此外，PR-AgNPs 还会诱导 HCT10 细胞的细胞形态发生显著变化，DNA DNA 片段增加，p53 和 caspase-3 的表达增强。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation and regression analysis of FA2H and ELOVL3 functional genes for cashmere fineness with production performance in Liaoning cashmere goat 羊绒细度的 FA2H 和 ELOVL3 功能基因与辽宁山羊生产性能的相关性和回归分析

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100430

Shuaitong Li , Lingchao Kong , Siyi Li, Yining Liu, Yuan Pan, Qingkun Liu, Weihang Hong, Hua Ma, Qingyu Yuan, Ran Duan, Qiying Zhan, Zeying Wang

Liaoning cashmere goat (LCG) is characterized by the highest individual cashmere yield, but its cashmere fineness tends to be coarse. Therefore, our research primarily focuses on reducing cashmere fineness. Through lipidomics screening and identification, we identified the crucial functional genes FA2H and ELOVL3 associated with cashmere fineness. Subsequently, using PCR-seq, we conducted gene typing and SNP analysis on the experimental population DNA, In the FA2H gene, a SNP locus T42443G was detected in LCG buck, with the TT genotype showing advantageous traits in cashmere fineness, meat quality, and body size, while the TG genotype demonstrated advantages in slaughter performance,In LCG doe, the TG genotype shows advantageous traits in cashmere fineness, milk production, and meat quality, while the TT genotype exhibits advantages in slaughter performance, lambing, and body size. In the ELOVL3 gene, a SNP locus C2133A was identified in LCG buck, where the CC genotype was advantageous for cashmere fineness, Only CA genotype was found in slaughter and meat quality. Additionally, and the CA genotype showed superiority in body size. On LCG doe, The CC genotype was the advantageous genotype in terms of cashmere fineness, milk production, slaughter performance, and meat quality. The CA genotype was the advantageous genotype in terms of lambing and body size. The dominant genotypes identified to influence both doe cashmere fineness and slaughter performance were TT and CC. The identified dominant haplotype combination for cashmere production performance in LCG was CCTG. The dominant haplotype combination for doe slaughter performance was the CCTT haplotype combination. The dominant haplotype combination for buck slaughter performance was the CATG haplotype combination. Therefore, the TT genotype of the FA2H gene and the CC genotype of the ELOVL3 gene in LCG buck, and the TG genotype of the FA2H gene and the CC genotype of the ELOVL3 gene in doe can be used as molecular markers for assisted selection of cashmere fineness. CCTG haplotype combination was the superior haplotype combinations for cashmere production performance. To provide a theoretical basis for the breeding and expansion of fine-fiber type new strains of LCG.

辽宁绒山羊（LCG）的特点是产绒量最高，但羊绒细度较粗。因此，我们的研究主要侧重于降低羊绒细度。通过脂质组学筛选和鉴定，我们确定了与羊绒细度相关的关键功能基因 FA2H 和 ELOVL3。在 FA2H 基因中，我们在 LCG 公鹿中发现了一个 SNP 位点 T42443G，其中 TT 基因型在羊绒细度、肉质和体型方面表现出优势性状，而 TG 基因型则在羊绒细度、肉质和体型方面表现出劣势性状、在 LCG 母鹿中，TG 基因型在羊绒细度、产奶量和肉质方面表现出优势性状，而 TT 基因型则在屠宰性能、产羔率和体型方面表现出优势。在 ELOVL3 基因中，在 LCG 公鹿中发现了一个 SNP 位点 C2133A，其中 CC 基因型在羊绒细度方面具有优势，只有 CA 基因型在屠宰性能和肉质方面具有优势。此外，CA 基因型在体型方面也表现出优势。在 LCG 母鹿上，CC 基因型在羊绒细度、产奶量、屠宰性能和肉质方面都是优势基因型。CA 基因型在产羔率和体型方面是优势基因型。已确定的影响母羊羊绒细度和屠宰性能的显性基因型是 TT 和 CC。LCG 羊绒生产性能的显性单倍型组合为 CCTG。母鹿屠宰性能的显性单倍型组合是 CCTT 单倍型组合。雄鹿屠宰性能的显性单倍型组合是 CATG 单倍型组合。因此，LCG 公鹿中 FA2H 基因的 TT 基因型和 ELOVL3 基因的 CC 基因型，以及母鹿中 FA2H 基因的 TG 基因型和 ELOVL3 基因的 CC 基因型可用作羊绒细度辅助选择的分子标记。CCTG单倍型组合是羊绒生产性能最优良的单倍型组合。为LCG细纤维型新品系的培育和扩繁提供理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the human cDNA: A descriptive study using library screening in yeast 洞察人类 cDNA：利用酵母中的文库筛选进行描述性研究

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100427

Zina Alaswad , Nayera E. Attallah , Basma Aboalazm , Eman S. Elmeslhy , Asmaa S. Mekawy , Fatma A. Afify , Hesham K. Mahrous , Ashrakat Abdalla , Mai A. Rahmoon , Ahmed A. Mohamed , Ahmed H. Shata , Rana H. Mansour , Fareed Aboul-ela , Mohamed Elhadidy , Biola M. Javierre , Sherif F. El-Khamisy , Menattallah Elserafy

The utilization of human cDNA libraries in yeast genetic screens is an approach that has been used to identify novel gene functions and/or genetic and physical interaction partners through forward genetics using yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and classical cDNA library screens. Here, we summarize several challenges that have been observed during the implementation of human cDNA library screens in Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast). Upon the utilization of DNA repair deficient-yeast strains to identify novel genes that rescue the toxic effect of DNA-damage inducing drugs, we have observed a wide range of transcripts that could rescue the strains. However, after several rounds of screening, most of these hits turned out to be false positives, most likely due to spontaneous mutations in the yeast strains that arise as a rescue mechanism due to exposure to toxic DNA damage inducing-drugs.

The observed transcripts included mitochondrial hits, non-coding RNAs, truncated cDNAs, and transcription products that resulted from the internal priming of genomic regions. We have also noticed that most cDNA transcripts are not fused with the GAL4 activation domain (GAL4AD), rendering them unsuitable for Y2H screening. Consequently, we utilized Sanger sequencing to screen 282 transcripts obtained from either four different yeast screens or through direct fishing from a human kidney cDNA library. The aim was to gain insights into the different transcription products and to highlight the challenges of cDNA screening approaches in the presence of a significant number of undesired transcription products. In summary, this study describes the challenges encountering human cDNA library screening in yeast as a valuable technique that led to the identification of important molecular mechanisms. The results open research venues to further optimize the process and increase its efficiency.

在酵母遗传筛选中利用人类 cDNA 文库是一种方法，已被用于通过使用酵母双杂交（Y2H）和经典 cDNA 文库筛选的正向遗传学方法来鉴定新的基因功能和/或遗传和物理相互作用伙伴。在此，我们总结了在酿酒酵母（芽生酵母）中实施人类 cDNA 文库筛选过程中观察到的几个挑战。在利用 DNA 修复缺陷酵母菌株鉴定能挽救 DNA 损伤诱导药物毒性作用的新基因时，我们观察到了一系列能挽救菌株的转录本。然而，经过几轮筛选后发现，这些基因大部分都是假阳性的，很可能是由于酵母菌株在暴露于有毒的 DNA 损伤诱导药物后作为一种拯救机制而产生的自发突变。我们还注意到，大多数 cDNA 转录本没有与 GAL4 激活域（GAL4AD）融合，因此不适合进行 Y2H 筛选。因此，我们利用 Sanger 测序技术筛选了 282 个转录本，这些转录本来自四个不同的酵母筛选或直接从人类肾脏 cDNA 文库中获取。我们的目的是深入了解不同的转录产物，并强调在存在大量非预期转录产物的情况下，cDNA 筛选方法所面临的挑战。总之，本研究描述了在酵母中筛选人类 cDNA 文库所遇到的挑战，这是一项宝贵的技术，它导致了重要分子机制的鉴定。研究结果为进一步优化该过程并提高其效率开辟了研究领域。

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引用次数: 0

Bioinformatics analysis identifies WNK1 gene as a potential biomarker for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and immune infiltration 生物信息学分析发现 WNK1 基因是胆管癌诊断和免疫浸润的潜在生物标志物

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100426

Qi Sun , Xianli Lei , Xiangrong Meng , Caijun Zha , Lei Yan , Wenjing Zhang

Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is a malignant epithelial carcinoma of the digestive system with poor prognosis and high mortality. WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1) is known to be associated with tumorigenesis in various cancers. However, the relationship between WNK1 and CHOL development, as well as the potential mechanisms involved, remains poorly understood.

Methods

Microarray datasets of CHOL (GSE22633 and GSE32879) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional enrichment and immunoinfiltration analyses were performed for genes co-expressed with WNK1. GraphPad Prism 9 was utilized for statistical data analysis and the construction of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The impact of WNK1 on the CHOL tumor microenvironment was analyzed using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Venn diagrams, STRING, and TISIDB database for information on WNK1-related chemokines and chemokine receptors. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were used to predict transcription factors and microRNAs interacting with WNK1 and the associated hub genes.

Results

Differential expression of WNK1 was observed between CHOL and normal samples, suggesting its diagnostic value. Functional analysis showed that WNK1 and its associated genes were primarily enriched in pathways such as leukocyte transendothelial migration and chemokine signaling. Neutrophils were the only type of infiltrating immune cells associated with WNK1 in the CHOL tumor microenvironment (TME). VEGFA and ALB were identified as hub genes, and X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (XCR1) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) were identified as core chemokines and chemokine receptors related to WNK1 and neutrophil infiltration in CHOL.

Conclusions

Based on network analysis and the summary of previous studies, it was proposed that CHOL tumor cells secrete CXCL5, leading to neutrophil recruitment to the tumor microenvironment. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) released by the infiltrating neutrophils is suggested to promote overexpression of WNK1 by tumor cells, activating the VEGFA downstream pathway to promote angiogenesis and tumor progression.

背景胆管癌（Cholangiocarcinoma，CHOL）是一种预后差、死亡率高的消化系统恶性上皮癌。众所周知，WNK 赖氨酸缺陷蛋白激酶 1（WNK1）与多种癌症的肿瘤发生有关。方法从基因表达总库（Gene Expression Omnibus，GEO）数据库中检索 CHOL 的微阵列数据集（GSE22633 和 GSE32879）。对与 WNK1 共表达的基因进行了功能富集和免疫渗透分析。使用 GraphPad Prism 9 进行数据统计分析并构建接收者操作特征曲线（ROC）。利用肿瘤免疫估算资源（TIMER）、维恩图、STRING和TISIDB数据库中与WNK1相关的趋化因子和趋化因子受体信息，分析了WNK1对CHOL肿瘤微环境的影响。结果观察到WNK1在CHOL和正常样本之间有差异表达，表明其具有诊断价值。功能分析显示，WNK1及其相关基因主要富集在白细胞跨内皮迁移和趋化因子信号转导等通路中。在CHOL肿瘤微环境（TME）中，中性粒细胞是唯一一种与WNK1相关的浸润免疫细胞。VEGFA和ALB被确定为中枢基因，X-C动因趋化因子受体1（XCR1）和C-X-C动因趋化因子配体5（CXCL5）被确定为与WNK1和中性粒细胞浸润有关的核心趋化因子和趋化因子受体。浸润的中性粒细胞释放的血管内皮生长因子 A（VEGFA）可促进肿瘤细胞过度表达 WNK1，激活 VEGFA 下游通路，促进血管生成和肿瘤进展。

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引用次数: 0

Morphological characterization and genetic diversity of mini core collection of Rosa damascena from Morocco 摩洛哥大马士革蔷薇迷你核心藏品的形态特征和遗传多样性

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100423

Nezha Lebkiri , Younes Abbas , Driss Iraqi , Fatima Gaboun , Karim Saghir , Mohamed Fokar , Ismail El hamdi , Khadija Bakhy , Rabha Abdelwahd , Ghizlane Diria

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) is a popular Rosa species cultivated for the industrial production of rose oil worldwide. In the current study, the morphological characteristics and genetic diversity among 12 populations of these species collected from Kelaat M’gouna in Morocco were examined to identify more variable traits and compare their genetic structure. Observations were recorded for a total of 24 morphological traits. The phenotypic variation coefficient (CV) of the studied traits varied from 4.79 % to 42.52 %, confirming the high phenotypic variation between accessions. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into two major clusters based on their morphological resemblance. For molecular investigations, nuclear DNA was amplified using 13 ISSR markers. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the highest proportion was within populations (87 %) rather than between them (13 %). Boutaghrar region recorded high values of genetic diversity (He = 0.237), percentage polymorphic loci (PPL = 67 %) and Shannon information index (I = 0.358) Clustering based on Jaccard similarity divided studied the accessions into three distinct clusters. STRUCTURE analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) were consistent with the genetic relationships derived from cluster analysis. Our study suggests that the wide genetic variation and haplotype observed in Moroccan Damascene roses are valuable for future improvement and conservation of rose programs, particularly for enhancing commercial traits, flower yield, and breeding stability.

大马士革玫瑰（Rosa damascena Mill.）在本研究中，研究人员考察了从摩洛哥 Kelaat M'gouna 采集的 12 个种群的形态特征和遗传多样性，以确定更多的可变性状并比较其遗传结构。共对 24 个形态特征进行了观察记录。所研究性状的表型变异系数（CV）从 4.79 % 到 42.52 % 不等，证实了不同品种之间的表型变异很大。聚类分析根据不同品种的形态相似性将其分为两大类。为了进行分子研究，使用 13 个 ISSR 标记扩增了核 DNA。分子方差分析（AMOVA）表明，种群内部的差异比例最高（87%），而种群之间的差异比例最低（13%）。布塔格拉尔地区的遗传多样性（He = 0.237）、多态性位点百分比（PPL = 67 %）和香农信息指数（I = 0.358）都很高。结构分析和主坐标分析（PCoA）与聚类分析得出的遗传关系一致。我们的研究表明，在摩洛哥大马士革玫瑰中观察到的广泛遗传变异和单倍型对未来玫瑰改良和保护项目很有价值，特别是在提高商业性状、花朵产量和育种稳定性方面。

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引用次数: 0

The positive implication of natural antioxidants on oxidative stress-mediated diabetes mellitus complications 天然抗氧化剂对氧化应激介导的糖尿病并发症的积极影响

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100424

Shouvik Mallik , Bijoy Paria , Sayed Mohammad Firdous , Hesham S. Ghazzawy , Nashi K. Alqahtani , Yong He , Xiaoli Li , Mostafa M. Gouda

The complementary intervention to modulate diabetes mellitus (DM) metabolism has recently brought the global attention, since DM has become among the global burden diseases. Where, several related pathways elevate the production of superoxide in consequences. For example, the flux of glycation-derived end products (AGEs) could lead to the deactivation of insulin signaling pathways. In that context, many vitamins and phytochemicals in natural sources have high antioxidant impacts that reduce oxidative stress and cell damages. These chemicals could be applied as bioactive antidiabetic agents. Their mode of actions could be from regulating the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) which cause several pro-inflammatory pathways related to the oxidative stress (OS) and DM. Besides, they have a great potential to control the epigenetic mutations and hyperglycemia and help in back the blood glucose to the normal level. Therefore, the current review addresses the important role of natural functional antioxidants in DM management and its association with its OS complications.

糖尿病（DM）已成为全球负担沉重的疾病之一，因此，通过辅助干预来调节糖尿病（DM）的新陈代谢最近引起了全球的关注。其中，有几种相关途径会导致超氧化物生成增加。例如，糖化衍生终产物（AGEs）的通量会导致胰岛素信号通路失活。在这种情况下，天然来源的许多维生素和植物化学物质具有很强的抗氧化作用，可以减少氧化应激和细胞损伤。这些化学物质可用作生物活性抗糖尿病剂。它们的作用模式可能是调节细胞内的活性氧（ROS），而活性氧会导致与氧化应激（OS）和糖尿病相关的多种促炎途径。此外，它们还具有控制表观遗传突变和高血糖的巨大潜力，有助于将血糖恢复到正常水平。因此，本综述探讨了天然功能性抗氧化剂在 DM 管理中的重要作用及其与 OS 并发症的关联。

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引用次数: 0

Opuntia ficus indica cladode extract inhibit DNA double-strand breaks and locally multiply damaged sites induced by gamma radiation 柚子提取物可抑制伽马射线诱导的 DNA 双链断裂和局部多损伤位点

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100425

Saloua Kouass Sahbani

It is beyond doubt that radiotherapy is extremely effective in treating a wide variety of cancers. The sensitivity of the surrounding normal tissues limits the amount of radiation administered to the tumor. There is an urgent need to develop a treatment that combines pharmacological treatment with ionizing radiation (IR) specifically designed to specifically target cancer cells while protecting the surrounding normal tissue, resulting in an increase in the efficacy of the cancer treatment. IR could cause many types of DNA lesions. Double-strand breaks (DSBs) and locally multiple damaged sites (LMDS) are the main radiotoxic damages. Recently, the identification of new antioxidants from natural sources has attracted the attention of scientists. In this context, the present study aims to determine if the Opuntia ficus indica cladode extract (CE) can be used as a radioprotector.

Materials and methods

The DNA treated by ¹³⁷Cs γ-radiation (25–700 Gy) in the absence or presence of cactus cladode extract (CCE) was added to the E. coli base excision repair. The amounts of both DNA damages were calculated using the electrophoretic method.

Results

The irradiation of DNA in the presence of CCE induced a dramatic decrease of the yields of purine and pyrimidine-DSB. A decrease of 65 % and 84 % of the purine and pyrimidine-DSB sensitive sites have been calculated, respectively, when the sample added CCE3 during the radiotreatment. Moreover, a reduction of 80 % in the amount of Nth + Fpg-DSB SSs (non-DSB cluster damage) after γ-irradiation in the presence of CCE3 was observed.

Conclusion

Through the present it was found that the CCE can play an important role as a radio protector, maybe by scavenging the ROS formed during radio treatment or by other unknown pathways. The most toxic DNA lesions (DSBs, and LMDS) decreased dramatically. Studies aimed at obtaining more documentation about CCE components with potential radio-preventive activity are desirable because of their protective properties.

毫无疑问，放射疗法对治疗各种癌症极为有效。周围正常组织的敏感性限制了对肿瘤的辐射量。目前迫切需要开发一种治疗方法，将药物治疗与电离辐射（IR）相结合，专门针对癌细胞，同时保护周围正常组织，从而提高癌症治疗的疗效。电离辐射可导致多种类型的 DNA 病变。双链断裂（DSB）和局部多损伤位点（LMDS）是主要的放射性毒性损伤。最近，从天然资源中发现新的抗氧化剂引起了科学家们的关注。材料与方法在没有或有仙人掌科植物提取物（CCE）的情况下，将经过 137Cs γ 辐射（25-700 Gy）处理的 DNA 加入大肠杆菌碱基切除修复中。结果在有 CCE 存在的情况下辐照 DNA 会导致嘌呤和嘧啶-DSB 产量急剧下降。当样品在放射处理过程中加入 CCE3 时，嘌呤和嘧啶-DSB 敏感位点分别减少了 65% 和 84%。此外，在 CCE3 的存在下，γ 辐射后 Nth + Fpg-DSB SSs（非 DSB 簇损伤）的数量减少了 80%。毒性最强的 DNA 损伤（DSB 和 LMDS）显著减少。由于 CCE 的保护特性，我们希望通过研究获得更多有关具有潜在放射预防活性的 CCE 成分的资料。

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引用次数: 0

Marine microalgae and their industrial biotechnological applications: A review 海洋微藻及其工业生物技术应用：综述

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100407

Reham Gamal, Mohamed Attia Shreadah

Background

For use in specialized programs in the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and animal feed sectors, micro-algal biomass has been generated industrially. They can be grown in closed buildings, such as photobioreactors, or open structures. The utilization of biomass from microalgae for energy production is another crucial topic. Because of the world’s diminishing petroleum sources and the greenhouse gas emissions from gasoline lines, it is now obvious that fuels generated from petroleum are not sustainable.

Results

Microalgae can produce a variety of unique, sustainable biofuels. These include biodiesel made from trans-esterification of microalgal lipids, bioethanol from fermentation of carbohydrates, methane created by anaerobic digestion of algal biomass, and biohydrogen produced by photobiological processes. The idea of using microalgae as a fuel source is not entirely novel.

Conclusion

This analysis emphasizes the significance of recent and noteworthy advancements in the industrial usage of microalgae, with an emphasis on their biotechnological applications.

背景为了用于食品、制药、营养保健品、化妆品和动物饲料等领域的专门项目，工业化生产了微型藻类生物质。它们可以在光生物反应器等封闭式建筑或开放式结构中生长。利用微藻生物质生产能源是另一个重要课题。由于世界上的石油资源日益减少，汽油生产线排放的温室气体也越来越多，很明显，用石油生产的燃料是不可持续的。这些燃料包括微藻脂类经酯化反应生成的生物柴油、碳水化合物发酵产生的生物乙醇、藻类生物质经厌氧消化产生的甲烷以及光生物过程产生的生物氢。利用微藻作为燃料来源的想法并不完全新颖。结论本分析强调了近期在微藻工业应用方面取得的显著进展，重点是微藻的生物技术应用。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic diversity assessment of clonal plant Rosa persica in China 中国克隆植物蔷薇的遗传多样性评估

IF 3.5 Q3 Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology

Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2024.100405

Na Li, Xuesen Liu, Xiaolong Zhang, Chenjie Zhang, Xinyu Lu, Chenyang Sun, Chao Yu, Le Luo

Rosa persica is considered a clonal plant because it is mainly propagated by clonal growth. Due to environmental degradation and habitat devastation, R. persica has been listed as a national second-class protected plant in China. However, the absence of research on wild populations of R. persica has impeded progress in formulating efficient conservation strategies. In this study, we investigated the clonal dispersal distance of R. persica to accurately determine the genetic diversity and population structure of the wild population in Xinjiang. We suggested that 20 m was the threshold distance with which to distinguish between different genets of plants. Based on this, we collated sequencing data from a total of 70 different genets of plants from 117 test samples. Eight populations of R. persica were primarily categorized into three subgroups: BL (Bole), TC (Tacheng) and CG (Changji). Of these, the CG subgroup exhibited the most genetic diversity. This research is the first to illustrates the clonal dispersal distance of R. persica, thus providing valuable reference guidelines for understanding the reproductive characteristics of clonal plants. In addition, the genetic diversity of R. persica provides a theoretical foundation for the formulation of conservation policies.

蔷薇被认为是一种克隆植物，因为它主要通过克隆生长繁殖。由于环境退化和栖息地破坏，蔷薇已被列为中国国家二级保护植物。然而，由于缺乏对柿树野生种群的研究，阻碍了制定有效保护策略的进展。在本研究中，我们调查了柿树的克隆扩散距离，以准确确定新疆野生种群的遗传多样性和种群结构。我们认为 20 米是区分植物不同基因组的临界距离。在此基础上，我们整理了 117 个测试样本中 70 个不同基因组植物的测序数据。柿树的八个种群主要分为三个亚群：BL（博乐）、TC（塔城）和 CG（昌吉）。其中，CG 亚群的遗传多样性最高。该研究首次说明了柿树的克隆扩散距离，从而为了解克隆植株的繁殖特性提供了有价值的参考指南。此外，柿树的遗传多样性还为制定保护政策提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0