首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Electronic Science and Technology最新文献

英文 中文
Computationally efficient MUSIC based DOA estimation algorithm for FMCW radar 基于MUSIC的FMCW雷达DOA估计算法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100192
Bakhtiar Ali Karim, Haitham Kareem Ali

This paper proposes low-cost yet high-accuracy direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for the automotive frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The existing subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms suffer from either high-computational costs or low accuracy. We aim to solve such contradictory relation between complexity and accuracy by using randomized matrix approximation. Specifically, we apply an easily-interpretable randomized low-rank approximation to the covariance matrix (CM) and approximately compute its subspaces. That is, we first approximate CM R M×M through three sketch matrices, in the form of RQBQH, here the matrix QM×z contains the orthonormal basis for the range of the sketch matrix CM×z which is extracted from R using randomized uniform column sampling and Bz×z is a weight-matrix reducing the approximation error. Relying on such approximation, we are able to accelerate the subspace computation by the orders of the magnitude without compromising estimation accuracy. Furthermore, we drive a theoretical error bound for the suggested scheme to ensure the accuracy of the approximation. As validated by the simulation results, the DOA estimation accuracy of the proposed algorithm, efficient multiple signal classification (E-MUSIC), is high, closely tracks standard MUSIC, and outperforms the well-known algorithms with tremendously reduced time complexity. Thus, the devised method can realize high-resolution real-time target detection in the emerging multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) automotive radar systems.

提出了一种低成本、高精度的汽车调频连续波雷达到达方向估计方法。现有的基于子空间的DOA估计算法要么计算量大,要么精度低。我们的目标是利用随机矩阵近似来解决复杂性和精度之间的矛盾关系。具体来说,我们对协方差矩阵(CM)应用一个易于解释的随机化低秩近似,并近似计算其子空间。即,我们首先通过三个素描矩阵近似CM R∈M×M,其形式为R≈QBQH,其中矩阵Q∈M×z包含素描矩阵C∈M×z的范围的正交基,素描矩阵C∈M×z是用随机一致列抽样从R中提取的,B∈z×z是一个减少近似误差的权矩阵。依靠这种近似,我们能够在不影响估计精度的情况下将子空间的计算速度提高几个数量级。此外,我们为建议的方案驱动了一个理论误差界,以确保近似的准确性。仿真结果表明,本文提出的高效多信号分类算法(E-MUSIC)的DOA估计精度高,与标准多信号分类算法的DOA估计精度密切相关,并大大降低了时间复杂度。因此,所设计的方法可以在新兴的多输入多输出(MIMO)汽车雷达系统中实现高分辨率实时目标检测。
{"title":"Computationally efficient MUSIC based DOA estimation algorithm for FMCW radar","authors":"Bakhtiar Ali Karim,&nbsp;Haitham Kareem Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes low-cost yet high-accuracy direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for the automotive frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The existing subspace-based DOA estimation algorithms suffer from either high-computational costs or low accuracy. We aim to solve such contradictory relation between complexity and accuracy by using randomized matrix approximation. Specifically, we apply an easily-interpretable randomized low-rank approximation to the covariance matrix (CM) and approximately compute its subspaces. That is, we first approximate CM <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> <span><math><mo>∈</mo><msup><mi>ℂ</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>M</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> through three sketch matrices, in the form of <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi><mo>≈</mo><mi>Q</mi><mi>B</mi><msup><mi>Q</mi><mi>H</mi></msup></mrow></math></span>, here the matrix <span><math><mi>Q</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mi>ℂ</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> contains the orthonormal basis for the range of the sketch matrix <span><math><mi>C</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mi>ℂ</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> which is extracted from <span><math><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow></math></span> using randomized uniform column sampling and <span><math><mi>B</mi><mo>∈</mo><msup><mi>ℂ</mi><mrow><mi>z</mi><mo>×</mo><mi>z</mi></mrow></msup></math></span> is a weight-matrix reducing the approximation error. Relying on such approximation, we are able to accelerate the subspace computation by the orders of the magnitude without compromising estimation accuracy. Furthermore, we drive a theoretical error bound for the suggested scheme to ensure the accuracy of the approximation. As validated by the simulation results, the DOA estimation accuracy of the proposed algorithm, efficient multiple signal classification (E-MUSIC), is high, closely tracks standard MUSIC, and outperforms the well-known algorithms with tremendously reduced time complexity. Thus, the devised method can realize high-resolution real-time target detection in the emerging multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) automotive radar systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45400405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Compressive near-field millimeter wave imaging algorithm based on gini index and total variation mixed regularization 基于基尼指数和总变分混合正则化的压缩毫米波近场成像算法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100191
Jue Lyu , Dong-Jie Bi , Bo Liu , Guo Yi , Xue-Peng Zheng , Xi-Feng Li , Li-Biao Peng , Yong-Le Xie , Yi-Ming Zhang , Ying-Li Bai

A compressive near-field millimeter wave (MMW) imaging algorithm is proposed. From the compressed sensing (CS) theory, the compressive near-field MMW imaging process can be considered to reconstruct an image from the under-sampled sparse data. The Gini index (GI) has been founded that it is the only sparsity measure that has all sparsity attributes that are called Robin Hood, Scaling, Rising Tide, Cloning, Bill Gates, and Babies. By combining the total variation (TV) operator, the GI-TV mixed regularization introduced compressive near-field MMW imaging model is proposed. In addition, the corresponding algorithm based on a primal-dual framework is also proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed GI-TV mixed regularization algorithm has superior convergence and stability performance compared with the widely used l1-TV mixed regularization algorithm.

提出了一种压缩近场毫米波成像算法。从压缩感知(CS)理论出发,可以考虑压缩近场毫米波成像过程,从欠采样稀疏数据中重构图像。基尼指数(GI)被认为是唯一一个具有罗宾汉、缩放、涨潮、克隆、比尔盖茨和婴儿等所有稀疏性属性的稀疏性度量。结合总变差算子,提出了GI-TV混合正则化引入的压缩近场毫米波成像模型。此外,还提出了基于原对偶框架的相应算法。实验结果表明,与目前广泛使用的l1-TV混合正则化算法相比,本文提出的GI-TV混合正则化算法具有更好的收敛性和稳定性。
{"title":"Compressive near-field millimeter wave imaging algorithm based on gini index and total variation mixed regularization","authors":"Jue Lyu ,&nbsp;Dong-Jie Bi ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Guo Yi ,&nbsp;Xue-Peng Zheng ,&nbsp;Xi-Feng Li ,&nbsp;Li-Biao Peng ,&nbsp;Yong-Le Xie ,&nbsp;Yi-Ming Zhang ,&nbsp;Ying-Li Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A compressive near-field millimeter wave (MMW) imaging algorithm is proposed. From the compressed sensing (CS) theory, the compressive near-field MMW imaging process can be considered to reconstruct an image from the under-sampled sparse data. The Gini index (GI) has been founded that it is the only sparsity measure that has all sparsity attributes that are called Robin Hood, Scaling, Rising Tide, Cloning, Bill Gates, and Babies. By combining the total variation (TV) operator, the GI-TV mixed regularization introduced compressive near-field MMW imaging model is proposed. In addition, the corresponding algorithm based on a primal-dual framework is also proposed. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed GI-TV mixed regularization algorithm has superior convergence and stability performance compared with the widely used <em>l</em><sub>1</sub>-TV mixed regularization algorithm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45553122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Review of roll-to-roll fabrication techniques for colloidal quantum dot solar cells 胶体量子点太阳能电池卷对卷制备技术综述
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100189
Yin-Fen Ma , You-Mei Wang , Jia Wen , Ao Li , Xiao-Liang Li , Mei Leng , Yong-Biao Zhao , Zheng-Hong Lu

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are of great interest for photovoltaic (PV) technologies as they possess the benefits of solution-processability, size-tunability, and roll-to-roll manufacturability, as well as unique capabilities to harvest near-infrared (NIR) radiation. During the last decade, lab-scale CQD solar cells have achieved rapid improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from ∼1% to 18%, which will potentially exceed 20% in the next few years and approach the performance of other PV technologies, such as perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells. In the meanwhile, CQD solar cells exhibit long lifetimes either under shelf storage or continuous operation, making them highly attractive to industry. However, in order to meet the industrial requirements, mass production techniques are necessary to scale up the fabrication of those lab devices into large-area PV modules, such as roll-to-toll coating. This paper reviews the recent developments of large-area CQD solar cells with a focus on various fabrication methods and their principles. It covers the progress of typical large-area coating techniques, including spray coating, blade coating, dip coating, and slot-die coating. It also discusses next steps and new strategies to accomplish the ultimate goal of the low-cost large-area fabrication of CQD solar cells and emphasizes how artificial intelligence or machine learning could facilitate the developments of CQD solar cell research.

胶体量子点(CQDs)对光伏(PV)技术非常感兴趣,因为它们具有溶液可加工性、尺寸可调性和卷对卷可制造性的优点,以及收集近红外(NIR)辐射的独特能力。在过去的十年中,实验室规模的CQD太阳能电池已经实现了功率转换效率(PCE)从1%到18%的快速提高,在未来几年内有可能超过20%,并接近其他光伏技术的性能,如钙钛矿太阳能电池和有机太阳能电池。同时,CQD太阳能电池无论是在货架上储存还是在连续运行中都具有很长的寿命,这使得它们对工业具有很高的吸引力。然而,为了满足工业需求,大规模生产技术是必要的,以便将这些实验室设备的制造规模扩大到大面积的光伏模块,例如卷到收费涂层。本文综述了大面积CQD太阳能电池的最新进展,重点介绍了各种制备方法及其原理。它涵盖了典型的大面积涂层技术的进展,包括喷涂,刀片涂层,浸渍涂层和槽模涂层。讨论了实现低成本大面积制造CQD太阳能电池的最终目标的下一步和新策略,并强调了人工智能或机器学习如何促进CQD太阳能电池研究的发展。
{"title":"Review of roll-to-roll fabrication techniques for colloidal quantum dot solar cells","authors":"Yin-Fen Ma ,&nbsp;You-Mei Wang ,&nbsp;Jia Wen ,&nbsp;Ao Li ,&nbsp;Xiao-Liang Li ,&nbsp;Mei Leng ,&nbsp;Yong-Biao Zhao ,&nbsp;Zheng-Hong Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2023.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are of great interest for photovoltaic (PV) technologies as they possess the benefits of solution-processability, size-tunability, and roll-to-roll manufacturability, as well as unique capabilities to harvest near-infrared (NIR) radiation. During the last decade, lab-scale CQD solar cells have achieved rapid improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from ∼1% to 18%, which will potentially exceed 20% in the next few years and approach the performance of other PV technologies, such as perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells. In the meanwhile, CQD solar cells exhibit long lifetimes either under shelf storage or continuous operation, making them highly attractive to industry. However, in order to meet the industrial requirements, mass production techniques are necessary to scale up the fabrication of those lab devices into large-area PV modules, such as roll-to-toll coating. This paper reviews the recent developments of large-area CQD solar cells with a focus on various fabrication methods and their principles. It covers the progress of typical large-area coating techniques, including spray coating, blade coating, dip coating, and slot-die coating. It also discusses next steps and new strategies to accomplish the ultimate goal of the low-cost large-area fabrication of CQD solar cells and emphasizes how artificial intelligence or machine learning could facilitate the developments of CQD solar cell research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41398224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Redox memristors with volatile threshold switching behavior for neuromorphic computing 神经形态计算中具有挥发性阈值开关行为的氧化还原记忆电阻器
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100177
Yu-Hao Wang , Tian-Cheng Gong , Ya-Xin Ding , Yang Li , Wei Wang , Zi-Ang Chen , Nan Du , Erika Covi , Matteo Farronato , Daniele Ielmini , Xu-Meng Zhang , Qing Luo

The spiking neural network (SNN), closely inspired by the human brain, is one of the most powerful platforms to enable highly efficient, low cost, and robust neuromorphic computations in hardware using traditional or emerging electron devices within an integrated system. In the hardware implementation, the building of artificial spiking neurons is fundamental for constructing the whole system. However, with the slowing down of Moore's Law, the traditional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology is gradually fading and is unable to meet the growing needs of neuromorphic computing. Besides, the existing artificial neuron circuits are complex owing to the limited bio-plausibility of CMOS devices. Memristors with volatile threshold switching (TS) behaviors and rich dynamics are promising candidates to emulate the biological spiking neurons beyond the CMOS technology and build high-efficient neuromorphic systems. Herein, the state-of-the-art about the fundamental knowledge of SNNs is reviewed. Moreover, we review the implementation of TS memristor-based neurons, and their systems, and point out the challenges that should be further considered from devices to circuits in the system demonstrations. We hope that this review could provide clues and be helpful for the future development of neuromorphic computing with memristors.

脉冲神经网络(SNN)受到人类大脑的密切启发,是最强大的平台之一,可以在集成系统中使用传统或新兴的电子设备在硬件上实现高效、低成本和鲁棒的神经形态计算。在硬件实现中,人工尖峰神经元的构建是构建整个系统的基础。然而,随着摩尔定律的放缓,传统的互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)技术正在逐渐衰落,无法满足日益增长的神经形态计算需求。此外,由于CMOS器件的生物合理性有限,现有的人工神经元电路非常复杂。具有易失性阈值开关(TS)行为和丰富动态特性的忆阻器是模拟CMOS技术之外的生物尖峰神经元和构建高效神经形态系统的有希望的候选器件。本文对snn的基础知识进行了综述。此外,我们回顾了基于TS记忆器的神经元及其系统的实现,并指出了在系统演示中从器件到电路应进一步考虑的挑战。我们希望这一综述能够为记忆电阻器神经形态计算的未来发展提供线索和帮助。
{"title":"Redox memristors with volatile threshold switching behavior for neuromorphic computing","authors":"Yu-Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Tian-Cheng Gong ,&nbsp;Ya-Xin Ding ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Zi-Ang Chen ,&nbsp;Nan Du ,&nbsp;Erika Covi ,&nbsp;Matteo Farronato ,&nbsp;Daniele Ielmini ,&nbsp;Xu-Meng Zhang ,&nbsp;Qing Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spiking neural network (SNN), closely inspired by the human brain, is one of the most powerful platforms to enable highly efficient, low cost, and robust neuromorphic computations in hardware using traditional or emerging electron devices within an integrated system. In the hardware implementation, the building of artificial spiking neurons is fundamental for constructing the whole system. However, with the slowing down of Moore's Law, the traditional complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology is gradually fading and is unable to meet the growing needs of neuromorphic computing. Besides, the existing artificial neuron circuits are complex owing to the limited bio-plausibility of CMOS devices. Memristors with volatile threshold switching (TS) behaviors and rich dynamics are promising candidates to emulate the biological spiking neurons beyond the CMOS technology and build high-efficient neuromorphic systems. Herein, the state-of-the-art about the fundamental knowledge of SNNs is reviewed. Moreover, we review the implementation of TS memristor-based neurons, and their systems, and point out the challenges that should be further considered from devices to circuits in the system demonstrations. We hope that this review could provide clues and be helpful for the future development of neuromorphic computing with memristors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000301/pdfft?md5=9499df99450e701554feaa5247e4a562&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000301-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49055541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Direction-of-arrival method based on randomize-then-optimize approach 基于随机优化方法的到达方向法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100182
Cai-Yi Tang , Sheng Peng , Zhi-Qin Zhao , Bo Jiang

The direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem can be solved by the methods based on sparse Bayesian learning (SBL). To assure the accuracy, SBL needs massive amounts of snapshots which may lead to a huge computational workload. In order to reduce the snapshot number and computational complexity, a randomize-then-optimize (RTO) algorithm based DOA estimation method is proposed. The “learning” process for updating hyperparameters in SBL can be avoided by using the optimization and Metropolis-Hastings process in the RTO algorithm. To apply the RTO algorithm for a Laplace prior, a prior transformation technique is induced. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several simulations are proceeded, which verifies that the proposed method has better accuracy with 1 snapshot and shorter processing time than conventional compressive sensing (CS) based DOA methods.

为了保证准确性,SBL需要大量的快照,这可能导致巨大的计算工作量。为了减少快照个数和计算复杂度,提出了一种基于随机优化(RTO)算法的DOA估计方法。在RTO算法中使用最优化和Metropolis-Hastings过程可以避免SBL中更新超参数的“学习”过程。为了将RTO算法应用于拉普拉斯先验,导出了一种先验变换技术。为了验证该方法的有效性,仿真结果表明,与传统的基于压缩感知(CS)的DOA方法相比,该方法具有单快照精度高、处理时间短的优点。
{"title":"Direction-of-arrival method based on randomize-then-optimize approach","authors":"Cai-Yi Tang ,&nbsp;Sheng Peng ,&nbsp;Zhi-Qin Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation problem can be solved by the methods based on sparse Bayesian learning (SBL). To assure the accuracy, SBL needs massive amounts of snapshots which may lead to a huge computational workload. In order to reduce the snapshot number and computational complexity, a randomize-then-optimize (RTO) algorithm based DOA estimation method is proposed. The “learning” process for updating hyperparameters in SBL can be avoided by using the optimization and Metropolis-Hastings process in the RTO algorithm. To apply the RTO algorithm for a Laplace prior, a prior transformation technique is induced. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, several simulations are proceeded, which verifies that the proposed method has better accuracy with 1 snapshot and shorter processing time than conventional compressive sensing (CS) based DOA methods.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000350/pdfft?md5=056b03ebb0c9c07e3ababbdab75ffb8e&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000350-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136917916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of amorphous Ga2O3 for solar-blind photodetection 等离子体增强非晶Ga2O3原子层沉积用于太阳盲光探测
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100176
Ze-Yu Fan , Min-Ji Yang , Bo-Yu Fan , Andraž Mavrič , Nadiia Pastukhova , Matjaz Valant , Bo-Lin Li , Kuang Feng , Dong-Liang Liu , Guang-Wei Deng , Qiang Zhou , Yan-Bo Li

Wide-bandgap gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is one of the most promising semiconductor materials for solar-blind (200 ​nm–280 ​nm) photodetection. In its amorphous form, a-Ga2O3 maintains its intrinsic optoelectronic properties while can be prepared at a low growth temperature, thus it is compatible with Si integrated circuits (ICs) technology. Herein, the a-Ga2O3 film is directly deposited on pre-fabricated Au interdigital electrodes by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) at a growth temperature of 250 ​°C. The stoichiometric a-Ga2O3 thin film with a low defect density is achieved owing to the mild PE-ALD condition. As a result, the fabricated Au/a-Ga2O3/Au photodetector shows a fast time response, high responsivity, and excellent wavelength selectivity for solar-blind photodetection. Furthermore, an ultra-thin MgO layer is deposited by PE-ALD to passivate the Au/a-Ga2O3/Au interface, resulting in the responsivity of 788 A/W (under 254 ​nm at 10 ​V), a 250-nm-to-400-nm rejection ratio of 9.2 ​× ​103, and the rise time and the decay time of 32 ​ms and 6 ​ms, respectively. These results demonstrate that the a-Ga2O3 film grown by PE-ALD is a promising candidate for high-performance solar-blind photodetection and potentially can be integrated with Si ICs for commercial production.

宽禁带氧化镓(Ga2O3)是太阳盲(200 nm - 280 nm)光探测中最有前途的半导体材料之一。在非晶状态下,a- ga2o3保持了其固有的光电性能,同时可以在低生长温度下制备,因此与Si集成电路(ic)技术兼容。在250℃的生长温度下,通过等离子体增强原子层沉积(PE-ALD)将a- ga2o3薄膜直接沉积在预制的Au指间电极上。在温和的PE-ALD条件下,获得了低缺陷密度的a- ga2o3化学计量薄膜。结果表明,所制备的Au/a- ga2o3 /Au光电探测器具有时间响应快、响应率高、波长选择性好的特点。此外,通过PE-ALD沉积超薄MgO层钝化Au/ A - ga2o3 /Au界面,获得了响应率为788 A/W (254 nm, 10 V),抑制比为9.2 × 103,上升时间和衰减时间分别为32 ms和6 ms。这些结果表明,由PE-ALD生长的a- ga2o3薄膜是高性能太阳盲光探测的有希望的候选者,并且有可能与硅集成电路集成到商业生产中。
{"title":"Plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition of amorphous Ga2O3 for solar-blind photodetection","authors":"Ze-Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Min-Ji Yang ,&nbsp;Bo-Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Andraž Mavrič ,&nbsp;Nadiia Pastukhova ,&nbsp;Matjaz Valant ,&nbsp;Bo-Lin Li ,&nbsp;Kuang Feng ,&nbsp;Dong-Liang Liu ,&nbsp;Guang-Wei Deng ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yan-Bo Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wide-bandgap gallium oxide (Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) is one of the most promising semiconductor materials for solar-blind (200 ​nm–280 ​nm) photodetection. In its amorphous form, a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> maintains its intrinsic optoelectronic properties while can be prepared at a low growth temperature, thus it is compatible with Si integrated circuits (ICs) technology. Herein, the a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> film is directly deposited on pre-fabricated Au interdigital electrodes by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition (PE-ALD) at a growth temperature of 250 ​°C. The stoichiometric a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> thin film with a low defect density is achieved owing to the mild PE-ALD condition. As a result, the fabricated Au/a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Au photodetector shows a fast time response, high responsivity, and excellent wavelength selectivity for solar-blind photodetection. Furthermore, an ultra-thin MgO layer is deposited by PE-ALD to passivate the Au/a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/Au interface, resulting in the responsivity of 788 A/W (under 254 ​nm at 10 ​V), a 250-nm-to-400-nm rejection ratio of 9.2 ​× ​10<sup>3</sup>, and the rise time and the decay time of 32 ​ms and 6 ​ms, respectively. These results demonstrate that the a-Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> film grown by PE-ALD is a promising candidate for high-performance solar-blind photodetection and potentially can be integrated with Si ICs for commercial production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000295/pdfft?md5=a79beabcbabc001dbbe752d92f48312e&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000295-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44293650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Inaudible sound covert channel with anti-jamming capability: Attacks vs. countermeasure 【听不清】具有抗干扰能力的声音隐蔽信道:攻击与对抗
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100181
Xiao-Hang Wang , Shou-Bin Li , Ying-Tao Jiang , Amit Kumar Singh , Bi-Yun Ma , Le-Tian Huang , Mei Yang , Fen Guo

When an inaudible sound covert channel (ISCC) attack is launched inside a computer system, sensitive data are converted to inaudible sound waves and then transmitted. The receiver at the other end picks up the sound signal, from which the original sensitive data can be recovered. As a forceful countermeasure against the ISCC attack, strong noise can be used to jam the channel and literally shut down any possible sound data transmission. In this paper, enhanced ISCC whose transmission frequency can be dynamically changed is proposed. Essentially, if the transmitter detects that the covert channel is being jammed, the transmitter and receiver both will switch to another available frequency and re-establish their communications, following the proposed communications protocol. Experimental results show that the proposed enhanced ISCC can remain connected even in the presence of a strong jamming noise source. Correspondingly, a detection method based on frequency scanning is proposed to help to combat such an anti-jamming sound channel. With the proposed countermeasure, the bit error rate (BER) of the data communications over enhanced ISCC soars to more than 48%, essentially shutting down the data transmission, and thus neutralizing the security threat.

当一个听不见的声音隐蔽通道(ISCC)攻击在计算机系统内发起时,敏感数据被转换成听不见的声波然后传输。另一端的接收器接收声音信号,从中可以恢复原始的敏感数据。作为对抗ISCC攻击的有力对策,强噪声可以用来堵塞信道,并实际上关闭任何可能的声音数据传输。本文提出了一种传输频率可动态改变的增强型ISCC。本质上,如果发射机检测到隐蔽信道被阻塞,发射机和接收机都将切换到另一个可用的频率,并根据拟议的通信协议重新建立通信。实验结果表明,即使在强干扰噪声源存在的情况下,所提出的增强型ISCC也能保持连接。相应地,提出了一种基于频率扫描的检测方法,以帮助对抗这种抗干扰声通道。采用该对策后,增强型ISCC上的数据通信误码率(BER)飙升至48%以上,基本上停止了数据传输,从而消除了安全威胁。
{"title":"Inaudible sound covert channel with anti-jamming capability: Attacks vs. countermeasure","authors":"Xiao-Hang Wang ,&nbsp;Shou-Bin Li ,&nbsp;Ying-Tao Jiang ,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Bi-Yun Ma ,&nbsp;Le-Tian Huang ,&nbsp;Mei Yang ,&nbsp;Fen Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>When an inaudible sound covert channel (ISCC) attack is launched inside a computer system, sensitive data are converted to inaudible sound waves and then transmitted. The receiver at the other end picks up the sound signal, from which the original sensitive data can be recovered. As a forceful countermeasure against the ISCC attack, strong noise can be used to jam the channel and literally shut down any possible sound data transmission. In this paper, enhanced ISCC whose transmission frequency can be dynamically changed is proposed. Essentially, if the transmitter detects that the covert channel is being jammed, the transmitter and receiver both will switch to another available frequency and re-establish their communications, following the proposed communications protocol. Experimental results show that the proposed enhanced ISCC can remain connected even in the presence of a strong jamming noise source. Correspondingly, a detection method based on frequency scanning is proposed to help to combat such an anti-jamming sound channel. With the proposed countermeasure, the bit error rate (BER) of the data communications over enhanced ISCC soars to more than 48%, essentially shutting down the data transmission, and thus neutralizing the security threat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000349/pdfft?md5=ea90135a2db4ef53c44c84d9857ed48b&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000349-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44635867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling and simulation for transient thermal analyses using a voltage-in-current latency insertion method 瞬态热分析的建模与仿真,采用电压电流延迟插入法
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100180
Wei Chun Chin, Boon Chun New, Nur Syazreen Ahmad, Patrick Goh

This article presents a modeling and simulation method for transient thermal analyses of integrated circuits (ICs) using the original and voltage-in-current (VinC) latency insertion method (LIM). LIM-based algorithms are a set of fast transient simulation methods that solve electrical circuits in a leapfrog updating manner without relying on large matrix operations used in conventional Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE)-based methods which can significantly slow down the solution process. The conversion from the thermal to electrical model is performed first by using the analogy between heat and electrical conduction. Since electrical inductance has no thermal equivalence, a modified VinC LIM formulation is presented which removes the requirement of the insertion of fictitious inductors. Numerical examples are presented which show that the modified VinC LIM formulation outperforms the basic LIM formulation, both in terms of stability and accuracy in the transient thermal simulation of ICs.

本文提出了一种集成电路瞬态热分析的建模和仿真方法,该方法采用原始电压-电流(VinC)延迟插入法(LIM)。基于lim的算法是一组快速瞬态仿真方法,它以跨越式更新的方式求解电路,而不依赖于传统仿真程序中使用的基于集成电路重点(SPICE)的方法的大矩阵运算,这可以显着减慢求解过程。从热学模型到电学模型的转换首先是利用热传导和电传导之间的类比进行的。由于电电感不具有热等效性,提出了一种改进的vinclim公式,该公式消除了插入虚拟电感的要求。数值算例表明,改进的VinC LIM公式在集成电路瞬态热模拟的稳定性和准确性方面都优于基本的LIM公式。
{"title":"Modeling and simulation for transient thermal analyses using a voltage-in-current latency insertion method","authors":"Wei Chun Chin,&nbsp;Boon Chun New,&nbsp;Nur Syazreen Ahmad,&nbsp;Patrick Goh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article presents a modeling and simulation method for transient thermal analyses of integrated circuits (ICs) using the original and voltage-in-current (VinC) latency insertion method (LIM). LIM-based algorithms are a set of fast transient simulation methods that solve electrical circuits in a leapfrog updating manner without relying on large matrix operations used in conventional Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE)-based methods which can significantly slow down the solution process. The conversion from the thermal to electrical model is performed first by using the analogy between heat and electrical conduction. Since electrical inductance has no thermal equivalence, a modified VinC LIM formulation is presented which removes the requirement of the insertion of fictitious inductors. Numerical examples are presented which show that the modified VinC LIM formulation outperforms the basic LIM formulation, both in terms of stability and accuracy in the transient thermal simulation of ICs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000337/pdfft?md5=f2b7e28150c057540571c3ca2d1481a2&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000337-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45120155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement and characterization of microwave interaction between integrated distributed feedback laser diode and electro-absorption modulator 集成分布反馈激光二极管与电吸收调制器微波相互作用的测量与表征
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100179
Fei Yuan, Chao Jing, Meng-Ke Wang, Shang-Jian Zhang, Zhi-Yao Zhang, Yong Liu

Integrated electro-absorption-modulated distributed feedback laser diodes (EMLs) are attracting much interest in optical communications for the advantages of a compact structure, low power consumption, and high-speed modulation. In integrated EML, the microwave interaction between the distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) and the electro-absorption modulator (EAM) has a nonnegligible influence on the modulation performance, especially at the high-frequency region. In this paper, integrated EML was investigated as a three-port network with two electrical inputs and a single optical output, where the scattering matrix of the integrated device was theoretically deduced and experimentally measured. Based on the theoretical model and the measured data, the microwave equivalent circuit model of the integrated device was established, from which the microwave interaction between DFB-LD and EAM was successfully extracted. The results reveal that the microwave interaction within integrated EML contains both the electrical isolation and optical coupling. The electrical isolation is bidirectional while the optical coupling is directional, which aggravates the microwave interaction in the direction from DFB-LD to EAM.

集成电吸收调制分布式反馈激光二极管(EMLs)以其结构紧凑、功耗低、调制速度快等优点在光通信领域受到广泛关注。在集成EML中,分布反馈激光二极管(DFB-LD)与电吸收调制器(EAM)之间的微波相互作用对调制性能有不可忽视的影响,特别是在高频区域。本文将集成EML作为一个具有两个电输入和一个光输出的三端口网络进行研究,并从理论上推导了集成器件的散射矩阵,并进行了实验测量。在理论模型和实测数据的基础上,建立了集成器件的微波等效电路模型,成功提取了DFB-LD与EAM之间的微波相互作用。结果表明,集成EML内部的微波相互作用既有电隔离又有光耦合。电隔离是双向的,而光耦合是定向的,这加剧了从DFB-LD到EAM方向上的微波相互作用。
{"title":"Measurement and characterization of microwave interaction between integrated distributed feedback laser diode and electro-absorption modulator","authors":"Fei Yuan,&nbsp;Chao Jing,&nbsp;Meng-Ke Wang,&nbsp;Shang-Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Zhi-Yao Zhang,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Integrated electro-absorption-modulated distributed feedback laser diodes (EMLs) are attracting much interest in optical communications for the advantages of a compact structure, low power consumption, and high-speed modulation. In integrated EML, the microwave interaction between the distributed feedback laser diode (DFB-LD) and the electro-absorption modulator (EAM) has a nonnegligible influence on the modulation performance, especially at the high-frequency region. In this paper, integrated EML was investigated as a three-port network with two electrical inputs and a single optical output, where the scattering matrix of the integrated device was theoretically deduced and experimentally measured. Based on the theoretical model and the measured data, the microwave equivalent circuit model of the integrated device was established, from which the microwave interaction between DFB-LD and EAM was successfully extracted. The results reveal that the microwave interaction within integrated EML contains both the electrical isolation and optical coupling. The electrical isolation is bidirectional while the optical coupling is directional, which aggravates the microwave interaction in the direction from DFB-LD to EAM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000325/pdfft?md5=828e616318ff6a77a909ecd6f2ef15be&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000325-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49574806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Organometallic l-alanine cadmium iodide crystals for optical device fabrication 用于光学器件制造的有机金属l-丙氨酸碘化镉晶体
Q1 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100178
Kathiravan Vaiyapuri , Thangavel Subramani , Ashok Kumar Rajamani , Muthu Lakshmi Thangavel , Satheesh Kumar Ganesan , Selvarajan Palanisamy , Kumaresavanji Malaivelusamy

Single crystals of l-alanine cadmium iodide (LACI) were grown by adopting the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) model was used to evaluate the crystal structure of the as-grown LACI crystal. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV-vis-NIR) transmittance studies were carried out, and the results reveal the presence of elements in the title compound. From the transmittance data, the optical bandgap as a function of photon energy was estimated, and the different optical constants were calculated. A fluorescence study was performed for the LACI crystal. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses have also been studied to investigate the thermal property of the LACI crystal. The efficiency of the second harmonic generation (SHG) by the title crystal was investigated. The magnetic and electrical properties were estimated by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis and impedance study respectively.

采用室温慢蒸发法制备了l-丙氨酸碘化镉(LACI)单晶。采用单晶x射线衍射(SXRD)模型对生长后的LACI晶体结构进行了表征。进行了能量色散x射线(EDX)分析和紫外-可见-近红外(UV-vis-NIR)透射率研究,结果表明标题化合物中存在元素。根据透射率数据,估计了光带隙随光子能量的变化规律,并计算了不同的光学常数。对LACI晶体进行了荧光研究。热重分析和差热分析也被用来研究LACI晶体的热性能。研究了该晶体产生二次谐波的效率。通过振动样品磁强计(VSM)分析和阻抗研究分别估算了材料的磁性能和电学性能。
{"title":"Organometallic l-alanine cadmium iodide crystals for optical device fabrication","authors":"Kathiravan Vaiyapuri ,&nbsp;Thangavel Subramani ,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Rajamani ,&nbsp;Muthu Lakshmi Thangavel ,&nbsp;Satheesh Kumar Ganesan ,&nbsp;Selvarajan Palanisamy ,&nbsp;Kumaresavanji Malaivelusamy","doi":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100178","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnlest.2022.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single crystals of <span>l</span>-alanine cadmium iodide (LACI) were grown by adopting the slow evaporation technique at room temperature. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) model was used to evaluate the crystal structure of the as-grown LACI crystal. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV-vis-NIR) transmittance studies were carried out, and the results reveal the presence of elements in the title compound. From the transmittance data, the optical bandgap as a function of photon energy was estimated, and the different optical constants were calculated. A fluorescence study was performed for the LACI crystal. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses have also been studied to investigate the thermal property of the LACI crystal. The efficiency of the second harmonic generation (SHG) by the title crystal was investigated. The magnetic and electrical properties were estimated by the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) analysis and impedance study respectively.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53467,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electronic Science and Technology","volume":"20 4","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674862X22000313/pdfft?md5=c141dc2d24207e1fffe290a710389288&pid=1-s2.0-S1674862X22000313-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45382435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Electronic Science and Technology
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1