Abstract Spring migration of birds, particularly waterbirds and raptors, was monitored from dawn till dusk from an observation point located on the levee on the northern side of the Medvedce reservoir (Dravsko polje, NE Slovenia) in three separate years (1-17 Mar 2009; 25 Mar-10 Apr 2011; 28 Feb-12 Apr 2012). In all three years, 42,045 individuals of 89 species (66 waterbirds, 23 raptors) migrated over the site. 38,238 of these were waterbirds. The most numerous species was Lapwing Vanellus vanellus (11,813 individuals), followed by Blackheaded Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (10,515 individuals). In total, 3807 migratory storks, raptors and Cranes Grus grus were counted. Harriers (2303 individuals) were by far the most numerous group. The prevailing direction of migration was SW-NE. Half of all migrating birds were observed in the altitudinal belt between 10 and 100 m above ground level. Harriers were mostly observed up to 100 m above ground level, whereas storks, other raptors and Cranes were observed most often in the altitudinal belt between 100 and 500 m above ground level. The highest numbers of waterbirds were observed between 10 and 100 m above ground level. In the first five hours after sunrise, 61.3% of all waterbirds, 44.0% of all storks and raptors and only 20.5% of Cranes were observed. Although other parts of Dravsko polje have never been studied in such detail, it is possible that a significant portion of migrating birds from a larger area gathers at this site. This study confirms the importance of the area for migrating and staging birds, especially for Great Egret Ardea alba, Marsh Circus aeruginosus and Hen Harriers C. cyaneus, Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Crane, Ruff Calidris pugnax and Black-headed Gull that all reached at least 0.1% of their respective biogeographic populations. Internationally significant are particularly the numbers of migrating Marsh (1079 individuals in 2012) and Hen Harriers (408 individuals in 2012), as there are only few sites where these species migrate in such high numbers in spring.
{"title":"Spring migration of waterbirds and raptors at Medvedce reservoir (Dravsko polje, NE Slovenia)/ Spomladanska selitev vodnih ptic in ujed na zadrževalniku Medvedce (Dravsko polje, SV Slovenija)","authors":"Dejan Bordjan","doi":"10.1515/acro-2015-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2015-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Spring migration of birds, particularly waterbirds and raptors, was monitored from dawn till dusk from an observation point located on the levee on the northern side of the Medvedce reservoir (Dravsko polje, NE Slovenia) in three separate years (1-17 Mar 2009; 25 Mar-10 Apr 2011; 28 Feb-12 Apr 2012). In all three years, 42,045 individuals of 89 species (66 waterbirds, 23 raptors) migrated over the site. 38,238 of these were waterbirds. The most numerous species was Lapwing Vanellus vanellus (11,813 individuals), followed by Blackheaded Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (10,515 individuals). In total, 3807 migratory storks, raptors and Cranes Grus grus were counted. Harriers (2303 individuals) were by far the most numerous group. The prevailing direction of migration was SW-NE. Half of all migrating birds were observed in the altitudinal belt between 10 and 100 m above ground level. Harriers were mostly observed up to 100 m above ground level, whereas storks, other raptors and Cranes were observed most often in the altitudinal belt between 100 and 500 m above ground level. The highest numbers of waterbirds were observed between 10 and 100 m above ground level. In the first five hours after sunrise, 61.3% of all waterbirds, 44.0% of all storks and raptors and only 20.5% of Cranes were observed. Although other parts of Dravsko polje have never been studied in such detail, it is possible that a significant portion of migrating birds from a larger area gathers at this site. This study confirms the importance of the area for migrating and staging birds, especially for Great Egret Ardea alba, Marsh Circus aeruginosus and Hen Harriers C. cyaneus, Osprey Pandion haliaetus, Crane, Ruff Calidris pugnax and Black-headed Gull that all reached at least 0.1% of their respective biogeographic populations. Internationally significant are particularly the numbers of migrating Marsh (1079 individuals in 2012) and Hen Harriers (408 individuals in 2012), as there are only few sites where these species migrate in such high numbers in spring.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"21 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2015, the International Waterbird Census (IWC) was carried out in Slovenia on 17 and 18 Jan. Waterbirds were counted on all larger rivers, along the entire Slovenian Coastland and on most of the major standing waters in the country. During the census, in which 276 observers took part, 409 sections of the rivers and coastal sea with a total length of 1385.8 km and 224 other localities (172 standing waters and 52 streams) were surveyed. Altogether, 46,425 waterbirds of 57 species were counted. This is one of the lowest numbers of waterbirds recorded during the 19 years of IWC in Slovenia. The highest numbers of waterbirds were counted in the Drava count area, i.e. 17,014 individuals (36.7% of all waterbirds in Slovenia). By far the most numerous species was Mallard Anas platyrhynchos (45.9% of all waterbirds), followed by Coot Fulica atra (8.4% of all waterbirds), Blackheaded Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (7.5% of all waterbirds), Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (5.7% of all waterbirds) and Mute Swan Cygnus olor (4.6% of all waterbirds). The number of 1000 counted individuals was also surpassed by Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula, Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis and Teal An. crecca. Among the rarer recorded species, the Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (registered only for the third time during the IWC) and Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus (registered only for the fourth time during the IWC) deserve special mention. Also, Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea was recorded for the fourth time during the IWC, but the individual observed was classified to category E (introduced species without self-sustaining populations, escapees from captivity). Numbers of the following species were the highest so far recorded during the IWC: Greylag Goose Anser anser, Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata, Shoveler An. clypeata, Goosander Mergus merganser and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos. The number of Redbreasted Mergansers M. serrator was the lowest so far recorded during the IWC.
{"title":"Rezultati januarskega štetja vodnih ptic leta 2015 v Sloveniji/ Results of the January 2015 waterbird census in Slovenia","authors":"Luka Božič","doi":"10.1515/ACRO-2015-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ACRO-2015-0004","url":null,"abstract":"In 2015, the International Waterbird Census (IWC) was carried out in Slovenia on 17 and 18 Jan. Waterbirds were counted on all larger rivers, along the entire Slovenian Coastland and on most of the major standing waters in the country. During the census, in which 276 observers took part, 409 sections of the rivers and coastal sea with a total length of 1385.8 km and 224 other localities (172 standing waters and 52 streams) were surveyed. Altogether, 46,425 waterbirds of 57 species were counted. This is one of the lowest numbers of waterbirds recorded during the 19 years of IWC in Slovenia. The highest numbers of waterbirds were counted in the Drava count area, i.e. 17,014 individuals (36.7% of all waterbirds in Slovenia). By far the most numerous species was Mallard Anas platyrhynchos (45.9% of all waterbirds), followed by Coot Fulica atra (8.4% of all waterbirds), Blackheaded Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus (7.5% of all waterbirds), Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo (5.7% of all waterbirds) and Mute Swan Cygnus olor (4.6% of all waterbirds). The number of 1000 counted individuals was also surpassed by Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula, Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis and Teal An. crecca. Among the rarer recorded species, the Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis (registered only for the third time during the IWC) and Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus (registered only for the fourth time during the IWC) deserve special mention. Also, Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea was recorded for the fourth time during the IWC, but the individual observed was classified to category E (introduced species without self-sustaining populations, escapees from captivity). Numbers of the following species were the highest so far recorded during the IWC: Greylag Goose Anser anser, Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata, Shoveler An. clypeata, Goosander Mergus merganser and Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos. The number of Redbreasted Mergansers M. serrator was the lowest so far recorded during the IWC.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"57 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pozvetek Bledi srakoper Lanius isabellinus gnezdi v širokem pasu od Irana prek osrednje Azije in severne Kitajske do Mongolije. Prezimuje v osrednji in vzhodni Afriki, Pakistanu in Indiji. V Evropi se redno pojavlja, predvsem med koncem aprila in začetkom junija ter med začetkom septembra in koncem novembra. Pojavljata se (pod)vrsti isabellinus in phoenicuroides. V srednji in jugovzhodni Evropi so znana opazovanja iz Avstrije (3), Romunije (1) in Grčije (8). Avtorji prispevka predstavljajo prvi opazovanji za Bolgarijo, in sicer je bil 24. 5. 2010 na gori Slavjanka opazovan drugoletni samec nedoločene (pod)vrste, 28. 9. 2014 na jezeru Durankulak pa odrasel samec (pod)vrste isabellinus. Opazovanji je kot prvo in drugo za državo potrdila bolgarska komisija za redkosti BUNARCO.
{"title":"Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus: A new species to the Bulgarian avifauna /Bledi srakoper Lanius isabellinus: Nova vrsta v bolgarski avifavni","authors":"A. Ignatov, Daniel Mitev, Rob Berkelder, P. Poel","doi":"10.1515/acro-2015-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2015-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Pozvetek Bledi srakoper Lanius isabellinus gnezdi v širokem pasu od Irana prek osrednje Azije in severne Kitajske do Mongolije. Prezimuje v osrednji in vzhodni Afriki, Pakistanu in Indiji. V Evropi se redno pojavlja, predvsem med koncem aprila in začetkom junija ter med začetkom septembra in koncem novembra. Pojavljata se (pod)vrsti isabellinus in phoenicuroides. V srednji in jugovzhodni Evropi so znana opazovanja iz Avstrije (3), Romunije (1) in Grčije (8). Avtorji prispevka predstavljajo prvi opazovanji za Bolgarijo, in sicer je bil 24. 5. 2010 na gori Slavjanka opazovan drugoletni samec nedoločene (pod)vrste, 28. 9. 2014 na jezeru Durankulak pa odrasel samec (pod)vrste isabellinus. Opazovanji je kot prvo in drugo za državo potrdila bolgarska komisija za redkosti BUNARCO.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"79 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This report by the Slovenian Rarities Committee presents records of rare bird species in Slovenia in 2014, with some addenda for previous years. The numbers in brackets refer to the number of records (first number) and individuals (second number) recorded between 1 Jan 1950 and 31 Dec 2013. Since 1 Jan 2013, submission to the Committee has been required for 37 additional species, 17 of which are regional rarities. Records of these species are not numbered, since records from previous years were not collected by the Committee. One new species was added to category C5: Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus. One species, Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis, was added to category E. Breeding was confirmed for Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata and Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus; the two species were thus transferred to subcategory E*. Other notable observations were the third and fourth records of Black Vulture Aegypius monachus, fourth and fifth records of Gannet Morus bassanus, fourth record of Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus and fourth record of Richard’s Pipit Anthus richardi. The flocks of four Gannets and 23 Flamingos Phoenicopterus roseus have been the largest recorded in Slovenia to date. The list of birds recorded in Slovenia (as of 31 Dec 2014) contains 385 species (369 in category A, 7 in category B, 9 exclusively in category C; 4 species are both in categories A and C). Category D contains 6 species, while category E contains 34, two of which are classified into subcategory E*. These two categories are not part of the list.
{"title":"Redke vrste ptic v Sloveniji v letu 2014 – Poročilo Nacionalne komisije za redkosti /Rare birds in Slovenia in 2014 – Slovenian Rarities Committee's Report","authors":"Jurij Hanžel","doi":"10.1515/acro-2015-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2015-0003","url":null,"abstract":"This report by the Slovenian Rarities Committee presents records of rare bird species in Slovenia in 2014, with some addenda for previous years. The numbers in brackets refer to the number of records (first number) and individuals (second number) recorded between 1 Jan 1950 and 31 Dec 2013. Since 1 Jan 2013, submission to the Committee has been required for 37 additional species, 17 of which are regional rarities. Records of these species are not numbered, since records from previous years were not collected by the Committee. One new species was added to category C5: Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus. One species, Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis, was added to category E. Breeding was confirmed for Muscovy Duck Cairina moschata and Northern Bobwhite Colinus virginianus; the two species were thus transferred to subcategory E*. Other notable observations were the third and fourth records of Black Vulture Aegypius monachus, fourth and fifth records of Gannet Morus bassanus, fourth record of Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus and fourth record of Richard’s Pipit Anthus richardi. The flocks of four Gannets and 23 Flamingos Phoenicopterus roseus have been the largest recorded in Slovenia to date. The list of birds recorded in Slovenia (as of 31 Dec 2014) contains 385 species (369 in category A, 7 in category B, 9 exclusively in category C; 4 species are both in categories A and C). Category D contains 6 species, while category E contains 34, two of which are classified into subcategory E*. These two categories are not part of the list.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"45 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From 28 Sep to 7 Oct 2012, bird collisions with the glass façade of a commercial building in the centre of Ljubljana were monitored. The observations lasted 45-60 minutes in the morning (7.00-10.00 hrs), around midday (11.00-14.00 hrs) and in the afternoon (15.00-18.00 hrs). Behaviour of all birds and scavengers, which could potentially be looking for bird carcasses in the vicinity of the building, was noted. In 27.25 hours of observation, 16 collisions (3 resulting in death, 13 cases with birds flying away seemingly unharmed) and 19 near collisions, when birds avoided the building at the last moment before collision, were recorded. The total collision rate was 0.59 collisions per hour of observation. All birds that collided with the building, except Feral Pigeon Columba livia f. domestica, were passerines, among which tits Paridae predominated (62.5% of birds that collided with the building). The glass façade functioned as a mirror, reflecting tree crowns from across the street. Data show that most collisions occurred in the middle part of the building during the morning. Among potential scavengers, domestic cat Felis domesticus and Hooded Crow Corvus cornix were observed. The latter regularly flew around the building during the observation period, possibly looking for bird carcasses.
{"title":"Trki ptic v stekleno pročelje poslovne stavbe v Ljubljani (osrednja Slovenija) jeseni 2012/ Bird collisions with glass façade of a commercial building in Ljubljana (central Slovenia) in autumn 2012","authors":"Tanja Šumrada","doi":"10.1515/ACRO-2015-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/ACRO-2015-0005","url":null,"abstract":"From 28 Sep to 7 Oct 2012, bird collisions with the glass façade of a commercial building in the centre of Ljubljana were monitored. The observations lasted 45-60 minutes in the morning (7.00-10.00 hrs), around midday (11.00-14.00 hrs) and in the afternoon (15.00-18.00 hrs). Behaviour of all birds and scavengers, which could potentially be looking for bird carcasses in the vicinity of the building, was noted. In 27.25 hours of observation, 16 collisions (3 resulting in death, 13 cases with birds flying away seemingly unharmed) and 19 near collisions, when birds avoided the building at the last moment before collision, were recorded. The total collision rate was 0.59 collisions per hour of observation. All birds that collided with the building, except Feral Pigeon Columba livia f. domestica, were passerines, among which tits Paridae predominated (62.5% of birds that collided with the building). The glass façade functioned as a mirror, reflecting tree crowns from across the street. Data show that most collisions occurred in the middle part of the building during the morning. Among potential scavengers, domestic cat Felis domesticus and Hooded Crow Corvus cornix were observed. The latter regularly flew around the building during the observation period, possibly looking for bird carcasses.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"1 1","pages":"69 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The paper summarizes current knowledge on the population size, habitat, conservation status and conservation measures for the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Slovenia. The species is an extremely rare forest specialist species. It inhabits mostly Dinaric beech Fagus sylvatica forests from Trnovski gozd, Nanos, Javorniki Mts and Mt Snežnik to the Kočevsko region and Gorjanci Mts. The species is also present in the Zasavje region and Mt Boč. The majority of the population (80%) inhabits the altitudinal belt between 700 and 1400 m a.s.l. The size of the Slovenian breeding population is currently estimated at 100-150 breeding pairs. Using the new survey playback method, we expect to find the species at additional sites. The highest densities were recorded on Mt Snežnik (0.7 breeding pairs/km2 in the Zatrep - Planinc forest reserve, 0.6 breeding pairs/km2 at Gomance) and in the Gorjanci Mts (0.6-0.9 breeding pairs/km2 in the Kobile forest reserve). The species inhabits beech and mixed forests with an important percentage of dead trees. The volume of dead trees was measured only at few sites inhabited by the species and ranged from 42 to 283 m3/ha. Signs of foraging were detected mainly on beech snags and stumps; all nests were found in upright beech snags. In Slovenia, the species is threatened by the low percentage of dead deciduous trees in forests, the construction of new forest roads, the increased annual timber harvest and a weak network of forest reserves. The proposed conservation measures include increasing the amount of dead deciduous trees in managed forests, increasing the area of forest reserves and halting the construction of new forest roads.
{"title":"Status in varstvo belohrbtega detla Dendrocopos leucotos v Sloveniji/ The status and conservation of the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Slovenia","authors":"Katarina Denac, Tomaž Mihelič","doi":"10.1515/acro-2015-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2015-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The paper summarizes current knowledge on the population size, habitat, conservation status and conservation measures for the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Slovenia. The species is an extremely rare forest specialist species. It inhabits mostly Dinaric beech Fagus sylvatica forests from Trnovski gozd, Nanos, Javorniki Mts and Mt Snežnik to the Kočevsko region and Gorjanci Mts. The species is also present in the Zasavje region and Mt Boč. The majority of the population (80%) inhabits the altitudinal belt between 700 and 1400 m a.s.l. The size of the Slovenian breeding population is currently estimated at 100-150 breeding pairs. Using the new survey playback method, we expect to find the species at additional sites. The highest densities were recorded on Mt Snežnik (0.7 breeding pairs/km2 in the Zatrep - Planinc forest reserve, 0.6 breeding pairs/km2 at Gomance) and in the Gorjanci Mts (0.6-0.9 breeding pairs/km2 in the Kobile forest reserve). The species inhabits beech and mixed forests with an important percentage of dead trees. The volume of dead trees was measured only at few sites inhabited by the species and ranged from 42 to 283 m3/ha. Signs of foraging were detected mainly on beech snags and stumps; all nests were found in upright beech snags. In Slovenia, the species is threatened by the low percentage of dead deciduous trees in forests, the construction of new forest roads, the increased annual timber harvest and a weak network of forest reserves. The proposed conservation measures include increasing the amount of dead deciduous trees in managed forests, increasing the area of forest reserves and halting the construction of new forest roads.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"20 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67098327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Universalmuseum Joanneum (UMJ) was founded as Landesmuseum Joanneum in 1811 by the Estates of Styria and named in the honour of Archduke Johann (Feldner 2015). The initial collection was mainly based on specimens presented to the museum by the Archduke himself and later expanded by purchases and donations. The addition of Count Egger's collection in 1815 was particularly important. Although a formal treatise is missing, contemporary sources describe it as containing most Inner Austrian species, as well as specimens from Carniola collected by Hacquet and Scopoli (Anonymus 1815). The zoological section was initially the smallest in the museum, but rose in prominence after assuming teaching roles for the local lyceum and the University of Graz (Karl-FranzensUniversität). The collection was systematized in 1830 and further expanded by a donation of about 1000 European specimens by Josef Höpfner in 1839 (Göth 1861, Feldner et al. 2006, Feldner 2015). A donation by Emperor Ferdinand a year later and the purchase of around 500 eggs belonging to about 300 species were two more important additions to the ornithological collection. After the merging of UMJ's and the University's collection in 1863, few ornithological specimens were added until the appointment of August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár as curator in 1889, who procured some important additions, notably the collections (or parts thereof) of Pater Blasius Hanf and Count Carl von Attems-Petzenstein as well as Othmar and Ernst Reiser, whose collection contained specimens from what is now Slovenia. The latter are also the only collectors known to have consistently supplied specimens from Slovenia to the UMJ. In 1899, the entire collection was inventarized, catalogized and a unified nomenclature system was drawn up to avoid inconsistencies in the catalogue. After the death of August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár in 1897 the number of additional specimens decreased rapidly as well as the regularity of the formerly annually published reports of the UMJ. The latter was mainly justified by the beginning of World War I. The last report in the 20th century was published in 1929 to be continued as late as 2003 (Feldner 2015). As of 2003 the collection contained 1756 skins of 700 species, 150 skeletons of 60 species, 350 egg sets and 100 nests (Roselaar 2003). It grows by approximately 20 specimens annually, mainly from local birds. In summer 2014, I visited the UMJ on a number of occasions to check several specimens and skins referred to in the Styrian literature. This work was part of a project, which led to the publication of Avifauna Steiermark in 2015 (Albegger et al. 2015). After several visits to the UMJ, on a few occasions in the company of my colleagues Sebastian Zinko and Michael Tiefenbach, I noticed a reasonable number of specimens of Slovenian origin. I decided to photograph and collect these records to supplement the knowledge of the occurrence of rare birds in Slovenia, summarized by Hanžel & Šere (20
Joanneum Universalmuseum (UMJ)于1811年由施蒂里亚庄园作为Landesmuseum Joanneum成立，并以Johann大公的名字命名(Feldner 2015)。最初的收藏主要是基于大公本人赠送给博物馆的标本，后来通过购买和捐赠扩大了规模。1815年埃格伯爵的藏品的增加尤为重要。虽然缺少正式的论文，但当代的资料描述它包含了大多数内奥地利物种，以及Hacquet和Scopoli收集的卡尼诺拉标本(Anonymus 1815)。动物学部分最初是博物馆中最小的部分，但在担任当地学园和格拉茨大学(Karl-FranzensUniversität)的教学角色后，其重要性得到了提升。该收藏于1830年系统化，1839年Josef Höpfner捐赠了约1000个欧洲标本，进一步扩大了收藏范围(Göth 1861, Feldner et al. 2006, Feldner 2015)。一年后，费迪南德皇帝的捐赠和购买的大约500枚属于大约300个物种的鸡蛋是鸟类收藏的两个重要补充。1863年UMJ和大学的收藏合并后，很少有鸟类标本被添加，直到1889年August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár被任命为馆长，他获得了一些重要的补充，特别是Pater Blasius Hanf和Carl von attz - petzenstein伯爵的收藏(或部分)，以及Othmar和Ernst Reiser，他们的收藏包含了现在斯洛文尼亚的标本。后者也是已知的唯一一直从斯洛文尼亚向UMJ提供标本的收藏家。1899年，对全部藏品进行了盘点、编目，并制定了统一的命名体系，以避免目录上的不一致。在August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár于1897年去世后，额外标本的数量迅速减少，以前每年出版的UMJ报告的规律性也下降了。后者主要是在第一次世界大战开始时被证明是合理的。20世纪的最后一份报告发表于1929年，一直持续到2003年(Feldner 2015)。截至2003年，收集了700个物种的1756张皮肤，60个物种的150个骨骼，350个卵和100个巢(Roselaar 2003)。它每年大约生长20个标本，主要来自本地鸟类。2014年夏天，我多次访问UMJ，检查Styrian文献中提到的几个标本和皮肤。这项工作是一个项目的一部分，该项目导致了2015年Avifauna Steiermark的出版(Albegger et al. 2015)。在我的同事塞巴斯蒂安·津科(Sebastian Zinko)和迈克尔·蒂芬巴赫(Michael Tiefenbach)的陪同下，几次参观了UMJ之后，我注意到有相当数量的来自斯洛文尼亚的标本。我决定拍摄和收集这些记录，以补充对斯洛文尼亚珍稀鸟类发生情况的了解，这些记录由Hanžel和Šere(2011)总结。我查了从UMJ开馆开始的204年里所有铭文的8本目录册。尽管无法证明其身份，但已不在收藏中的标本仍在摘要中提到。该名单包括由Hanžel & Šere(2011)和Hanžel(2014)定义的稀有物种，以及一些因其历史或区域分布而被认为有趣的物种。地名直接从存货簿中引用。使用Cannoni和Jerko(2014)将这些地名翻译成斯洛文尼亚语。有些标本没有确切的年代。如果可能的话，给出假定的起源时间的估计。这个估计是基于其他有日期的标本，有时甚至是由同一个人收集的，在库存簿中与未注明日期的标本相邻。如果没有提到将标本作为礼物转移给UMJ或UMJ从谁那里购买标本的人，则该信息未在库存书中给出。在随后出版的作品中明确提到的标本中添加了参考文献。
{"title":"Interesting old specimens of rare birds found in Slovenia in the collection of the Universalmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria","authors":"Ernst Albegger","doi":"10.1515/acro-2015-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2015-0011","url":null,"abstract":"The Universalmuseum Joanneum (UMJ) was founded as Landesmuseum Joanneum in 1811 by the Estates of Styria and named in the honour of Archduke Johann (Feldner 2015). The initial collection was mainly based on specimens presented to the museum by the Archduke himself and later expanded by purchases and donations. The addition of Count Egger's collection in 1815 was particularly important. Although a formal treatise is missing, contemporary sources describe it as containing most Inner Austrian species, as well as specimens from Carniola collected by Hacquet and Scopoli (Anonymus 1815). The zoological section was initially the smallest in the museum, but rose in prominence after assuming teaching roles for the local lyceum and the University of Graz (Karl-FranzensUniversität). The collection was systematized in 1830 and further expanded by a donation of about 1000 European specimens by Josef Höpfner in 1839 (Göth 1861, Feldner et al. 2006, Feldner 2015). A donation by Emperor Ferdinand a year later and the purchase of around 500 eggs belonging to about 300 species were two more important additions to the ornithological collection. After the merging of UMJ's and the University's collection in 1863, few ornithological specimens were added until the appointment of August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár as curator in 1889, who procured some important additions, notably the collections (or parts thereof) of Pater Blasius Hanf and Count Carl von Attems-Petzenstein as well as Othmar and Ernst Reiser, whose collection contained specimens from what is now Slovenia. The latter are also the only collectors known to have consistently supplied specimens from Slovenia to the UMJ. In 1899, the entire collection was inventarized, catalogized and a unified nomenclature system was drawn up to avoid inconsistencies in the catalogue. After the death of August Mojsisovics von Mojsvár in 1897 the number of additional specimens decreased rapidly as well as the regularity of the formerly annually published reports of the UMJ. The latter was mainly justified by the beginning of World War I. The last report in the 20th century was published in 1929 to be continued as late as 2003 (Feldner 2015). As of 2003 the collection contained 1756 skins of 700 species, 150 skeletons of 60 species, 350 egg sets and 100 nests (Roselaar 2003). It grows by approximately 20 specimens annually, mainly from local birds. In summer 2014, I visited the UMJ on a number of occasions to check several specimens and skins referred to in the Styrian literature. This work was part of a project, which led to the publication of Avifauna Steiermark in 2015 (Albegger et al. 2015). After several visits to the UMJ, on a few occasions in the company of my colleagues Sebastian Zinko and Michael Tiefenbach, I noticed a reasonable number of specimens of Slovenian origin. I decided to photograph and collect these records to supplement the knowledge of the occurrence of rare birds in Slovenia, summarized by Hanžel & Šere (20","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"36 1","pages":"173 - 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67099504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Probst, Larisa Bogdea, Dan S. Bandacu, M. Bohuš, S. Cheshmedzhiev, Ákos Gáborik, Siegfried Geissler, C. Hodor, D. Ionescu, Veselin Koev, T. Mikuška, Zsolt Nagy, Tibor Parrag, V. Rožac, Matthias Schmidt, Thomas Schneider, Marko Šćiban, S. Tatai, Emil Todorov, Adrian Tomik, M. Tucakov, Miklós Váczi, G. Frank
Abstract In January 2014, the first ever comprehensive winter census of the Whitetailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla along the Danube River was conducted, using mostly point and transect counts. Altogether, 550-700 eagles were counted. The upper range of the estimate may in fact be more realistic because 615 km of the Danube were not surveyed. Birds were observed in every country along the Danube. Hotspots of occurrences were (1) the Central Danube floodplains - the area encompassing the lower Hungarian section (Danube- Drava National Park), Kopački rit Nature Park (Croatia), and the Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve (Serbia); and (2) the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve. According to the Action Plan for the conservation of the White-tailed Eagle along the Danube, future winter counts should be made regularly, and lower variation in the resulting eagle numbers achieved by a higher degree of synchronization between individual countries. This study reinforces the importance of protected areas along the Danube as a backbone for the conservation of White-tailed Eagles and biodiversity.
2014年1月，对多瑙河沿岸的白尾海雕(halaeetus albicilla)进行了首次全面的冬季普查，主要采用点样法和样带法。总共被数的鹰有550-700只。估计的上限实际上可能更现实，因为多瑙河有615公里没有调查。在多瑙河沿岸的每个国家都观察到了鸟类。发生的热点是(1)多瑙河中部泛滥平原——包括匈牙利下游部分(多瑙河-德拉瓦国家公园)、kopa ki rit自然公园(克罗地亚)和Gornje Podunavlje特别自然保护区(塞尔维亚);(2)多瑙河三角洲生物圈保护区。根据《多瑙河沿岸白尾鹰保护行动计划》，未来的冬季计数应定期进行，并通过各国之间高度的同步来减少由此产生的鹰数量的变化。这项研究强调了多瑙河沿岸保护区作为保护白尾鹰和生物多样性的支柱的重要性。
{"title":"The first comprehensive estimate of the winter population of the White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla along the Danube/ Prva celostna ocena zimske populacije belorepca Haliaeetus albicilla vzdolž Donave","authors":"R. Probst, Larisa Bogdea, Dan S. Bandacu, M. Bohuš, S. Cheshmedzhiev, Ákos Gáborik, Siegfried Geissler, C. Hodor, D. Ionescu, Veselin Koev, T. Mikuška, Zsolt Nagy, Tibor Parrag, V. Rožac, Matthias Schmidt, Thomas Schneider, Marko Šćiban, S. Tatai, Emil Todorov, Adrian Tomik, M. Tucakov, Miklós Váczi, G. Frank","doi":"10.1515/acro-2014-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2014-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In January 2014, the first ever comprehensive winter census of the Whitetailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla along the Danube River was conducted, using mostly point and transect counts. Altogether, 550-700 eagles were counted. The upper range of the estimate may in fact be more realistic because 615 km of the Danube were not surveyed. Birds were observed in every country along the Danube. Hotspots of occurrences were (1) the Central Danube floodplains - the area encompassing the lower Hungarian section (Danube- Drava National Park), Kopački rit Nature Park (Croatia), and the Gornje Podunavlje Special Nature Reserve (Serbia); and (2) the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve. According to the Action Plan for the conservation of the White-tailed Eagle along the Danube, future winter counts should be made regularly, and lower variation in the resulting eagle numbers achieved by a higher degree of synchronization between individual countries. This study reinforces the importance of protected areas along the Danube as a backbone for the conservation of White-tailed Eagles and biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"35 1","pages":"115 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/acro-2014-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67097673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Agriculture has a great impact on biodiversity in Europe. Populations of farmland birds are declining due to both intensification and abandonment of agriculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of overgrowing on the diversity of birds at Cerknica Polje. Six vegetation types were identified on eight survey plots (15.2-31.6 ha each): Short grass - regularly mown wet meadows; Tall herbs - stands of Common Reed Phragmites australis and Reed Canary Grass Phalaris arundinacea; Sparse bushes - stands of low woody plants; Dense bushes - dense stands of bushes; Meadows with trees - mown meadows with scattered trees; Bushes with trees - hedges, trees and dense stands of bushes. In total, 34 species were registered. The heterogeneity of vegetation types correlated positively with the heterogeneity of bird species. The highest density of breeding territories and species was established in Bushes with trees, the lowest in Short grass. No species were registered in all vegetation types, and only Tree Pipit was recorded in five out of six types. Twelve species were registered in only one vegetation type. Cerknica Polje is an important breeding locality for species with the highest breeding density at the national level (e.g. Corncrake Crex crex, Curlew Numenius arquata, Skylark Alauda arvensis, Whinchat Saxicola rubetra, Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus). These species breed in specific habitats with different stages of succession. A managing plan for the area should therefore combine abandoned plots in different stages of succession and large regularly mown areas. Abandonment of agriculture at Cerknica Polje has led to the emergence of areas with bushes in different succession stages. Efforts should be directed at preserving large complexes of mown wet meadows.
{"title":"Effects of overgrowing at Cerknica Polje (southern Slovenia) on breeding farmland birds/ Vpliv zaraščanja Cerkniškega polja (južna Slovenija) na gnezdilke kmetijske krajine","authors":"Dejan Bordjan, Ana Bordjan","doi":"10.1515/acro-2014-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2014-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Agriculture has a great impact on biodiversity in Europe. Populations of farmland birds are declining due to both intensification and abandonment of agriculture. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of overgrowing on the diversity of birds at Cerknica Polje. Six vegetation types were identified on eight survey plots (15.2-31.6 ha each): Short grass - regularly mown wet meadows; Tall herbs - stands of Common Reed Phragmites australis and Reed Canary Grass Phalaris arundinacea; Sparse bushes - stands of low woody plants; Dense bushes - dense stands of bushes; Meadows with trees - mown meadows with scattered trees; Bushes with trees - hedges, trees and dense stands of bushes. In total, 34 species were registered. The heterogeneity of vegetation types correlated positively with the heterogeneity of bird species. The highest density of breeding territories and species was established in Bushes with trees, the lowest in Short grass. No species were registered in all vegetation types, and only Tree Pipit was recorded in five out of six types. Twelve species were registered in only one vegetation type. Cerknica Polje is an important breeding locality for species with the highest breeding density at the national level (e.g. Corncrake Crex crex, Curlew Numenius arquata, Skylark Alauda arvensis, Whinchat Saxicola rubetra, Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus). These species breed in specific habitats with different stages of succession. A managing plan for the area should therefore combine abandoned plots in different stages of succession and large regularly mown areas. Abandonment of agriculture at Cerknica Polje has led to the emergence of areas with bushes in different succession stages. Efforts should be directed at preserving large complexes of mown wet meadows.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"9 1","pages":"153 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/acro-2014-0009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67097778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In the 11 years between 1999 and 2010, certain groups of birds inhabiting Kozjansko Regional Park underwent a moderate or large decline. Composite indices for indicator species of different habitat types showed an increase of generalist species (composite index 108.3), a moderate decline of forest species (composite index 76.6) and species of extensively managed orchards (composite index 76.4), and a large decline of farmland (composite index 62.8) and grassland species (composite index 8.7). Our study was based on a census using line transects with an inner and outer belt. Randomly distributed line transects with a total length of 60.8 km were surveyed using the same method both in 1999 and 2010. The decline of farmland species mirrors the population trend of this group at the national level. The study area is protected by multiple nature conservation mechanisms. It is protected as a regional park and partly as a Natura 2000 site. These mechanisms, however, do not seem to be functioning here. We believe the large decline of grassland species is a consequence of agricultural policy, which favours a decrease of extensively managed grasslands.
{"title":"Spremembe v avifavni Kozjanskega parka med letoma 1999 in 2010: velik upad števila travniških ptic/ Changes in the avifauna of Kozjansko Park between 1999 and 2010: a large decline in the number of grassland birds","authors":"P. Kmecl, T. Jančar, Tomaž Mihelič","doi":"10.1515/acro-2014-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/acro-2014-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the 11 years between 1999 and 2010, certain groups of birds inhabiting Kozjansko Regional Park underwent a moderate or large decline. Composite indices for indicator species of different habitat types showed an increase of generalist species (composite index 108.3), a moderate decline of forest species (composite index 76.6) and species of extensively managed orchards (composite index 76.4), and a large decline of farmland (composite index 62.8) and grassland species (composite index 8.7). Our study was based on a census using line transects with an inner and outer belt. Randomly distributed line transects with a total length of 60.8 km were surveyed using the same method both in 1999 and 2010. The decline of farmland species mirrors the population trend of this group at the national level. The study area is protected by multiple nature conservation mechanisms. It is protected as a regional park and partly as a Natura 2000 site. These mechanisms, however, do not seem to be functioning here. We believe the large decline of grassland species is a consequence of agricultural policy, which favours a decrease of extensively managed grasslands.","PeriodicalId":53560,"journal":{"name":"Acrocephalus","volume":"785 1","pages":"125 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/acro-2014-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67097724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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