Journal of Stem Cells最新文献

Stem cells are self-renewing and undifferentiated cell types that can be differentiate into functional cells. Stem cells can be classified into two main types based on their source of origin: Embryonic and Adult stem cells. Stem cells also classified based on the range of differentiation potentials into Totipotent, Pluripotent, Multipotent, and Unipotent. Multipotent stem cells have the ability to differentiate into all cell types within one particular lineage. There are plentiful advantages and usages for multipotent stem cells. Multipotent Stem cells act as a significant key in procedure of development, tissue repair, and protection. The accessibility and adaptability of these amazing cells create them a great therapeutic choice for different part of medical approaches, and it becomes interesting topic in the scientific researches to found obvious method for the most advantageous use of MSC-based therapies. Recent studies in the field of stem cell biology have provided new perspectives and opportunities for the treatment of infertility disorders.

Therapeutic potential of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) has widely been explored for treatment of orthopedic ailments. Transplantation of cells encapsulated in a scaffold facilitates 3 dimensional modelling of the tissue for the cases where well-defined spatial distribution of cells is desired for implantation. Present study aims to encapsulate canine ADSCs (cADSCs) in biodegradable methacrylated gelatin gel (GelMA) scaffold followed by their osteogenic differentiation for fabrication of a three dimensional bone tissue construct. Different percentages (5, 10 and 20%) and different methacrylation levels of gel (GelMA_high and GelMA_low) were tested for degradation. Porosity of 10% GelMA was compared by SEM imaging. Gels with the fastest degradation rate (5% GelMA_high and GelMA_low) were chosen for cell encapsulation since degradation of scaffold is of prime importance when the gel is intended to be used for implantation. Finally, cADSCs encapsulated in 5% GelMA_low demonstrated best morphology and were differentiated osteogenically. We developed a modified protocol for isolation of RNA from cells encapsulated in GelMA. Osteogenic differentiation was affirmed by the presence of osteo-specific gene expression by reverse transcriptase PCR in addition to von Kossa staining of the construct. GelMA is an excellent biodegradable scaffold for encapsulation of cADSCs without altering their osteogenic potential. This osteo-induced cellular scaffold implant opens a new therapeutic horizon in the area of tissue engineering in orthopedics.

Haematopoietic stem cell normally exists in the hypoxic niche of bone marrow and in this high anaerobic condition phosphorylation is vital in understanding the stemness of these stem cells in bone marrow. Analysis of human aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) we have observed the presence of serine threonine protein kinase (STPK) sites in the protein sequence of these enzymes conferring that functioning of ALDH and IDH is regulated largely by STPK through phosphorylation. Human CD34⁺ stem cells and mononuclear cells as a control isolated from peripheral blood and were propagated in DMEM media at 5% CO₂, 95% humidity and at 37°C. Thus obtained cells showed high enzyme activity for STPK, ALDH and low enzyme activity for IDH in CD34⁺ cells compare to control cells. These results were concurred with qRT-PCR studies with high gene expression levels of hypoxia inducing factor-1-alpha (HIF1α), STPK, ALDH and low IDH expression in CD34⁺ cells while normalized with β-actin. In addition the phosphorylating sites on ALDH and IDH proteins were identified and their importance in maintaining the anaerobic conditions in HSCs was demonstrated. In view of the importance of STPK signalling in the present study mechanism in cell division was addressed with phosphorylation of key regulating enzymes in the metabolic pathway of cell cycle was explored.

Autism is a neural disorder presenting in the early developmental period, usually in the first 2 years of life. It is characterized by persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction, restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities, and causes clinically significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

Cellular therapy is an advanced approach to treat disorders where current therapies do not offer a cure or efficient symptom relief. Herein we present the data of ten autistic patients who were enrolled in this study utilizing stem cells. All patients were scored on ISAA and WeeFIM scales before and at 3, 6, 12 or 24 months following the injection of stem cells. The ISAA scores of the patients improved with the injection, and no adverse effects were noted. We report promising results in this small pilot study using autologous Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) injected intrathecally into these ten enrolled autistic patients.

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown remarkable beneficial effects without any major adverse reactions in the treatment of androgenic alopecia .The growth factors in activated autologous PRP induces the proliferation of dermal papilla cells.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Platelet Rich Plasma prepared using Merisis One Step Gel Separation Technology in treatment of androgenic alopecia.

Methods: Five patients were given autologous PRP injections on the affected area of alopecia over a period of three months at interval of two - three weeks and results were assessed.

Results: Three months after the treatment, the patients presented clinical improvement in the hair counts, hair thickness, hair root strength and overall alopecia.

Conclusion: PRP appears to be a cheap, effective and promising therapy for androgenic alopecia with no major adverse effects.

Background: Stem cell therapy is a promising treatment for cerebral palsy, which refers to a category of brain diseases that are associated with chronic motor disability in children. Autologous bone marrow stem cells may be a better cell source and have been studied for the treatment of cerebral palsy because of their functions in tissue repair and the regulation of immunological processes.

Methods: To assess autologous marrow stem cells as a novel treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe cerebral palsy, a total of 10 cerebral palsy patients were enrolled in this clinical study with 24 months follow-up. A total of 10 cerebral palsy patients received autologous bone marrow cells transplantation (4.5 × 10⁸ mononuclear cells; 90% viability) into the subarachnoid cavity and rehabilitation.

Results: We recorded the gross motor function measurement scores, manual ability function measurement score, and adverse events up to 24 months post-treatment. The gross motor function measurement scores were significantly higher at month 6 post-treatment compared with the baseline scores and were stable up to 24 months follow-up. The increase in manual ability and communication function measurement scores at 6 months were not significant when compared to the baseline score. All the 10 patients survived and none of the patients experienced any serious adverse events or complications.

Conclusion: Our results indicated that bone marrow derived MNCs are safe and effective for the treatment of motor deficits related to cerebral palsy. Further randomized clinical trials are necessary to establish the efficacy of this procedure.