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Life history of the false flower mantid (Harpagomantis tricolor Linnaeus, 1758) (Mantodea: Galinthiadidae) and its distribution in southern Africa 假花螳螂(Harpagomantis tricolor Linnaeus, 1758)的生活史及其在非洲南部的分布(螳螂亚目:Galinthiadidae)
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-02-18 DOI: 10.3897/JOR.30.52816
B. Greyvenstein, H. du Plessis, J. van den Berg
The false flower mantid is the common name for the Mantodea species Harpagomantis tricolor (Linnaeus, 1758). This species uses camouflage as a defense mechanism. Limited information (Kaltenbach 1996, 1998) exists on its distribution in southern Africa or about its life history. This species, and Mantodea to an extent, are not usually included in biodiversity studies from this region. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of this species in southern Africa based on museum collection records and to study the biology of Harpagomantis tricolor under captive breeding conditions. The distribution of Harpagomantis and its morphological variety, i.e., discolor, were determined utilising the historical insect collection records of seven national museums throughout South Africa. Field collected H. tricolor males and females were mated and reared under laboratory conditions to record their life history parameters of nymphal duration, oothecae structure, size and incubation duration, adult longevity, and sex ratio. The results of this study indicate that the mean duration of the lifecycle of H. tricolor is 191.33 ± 37.96 days. All but three H. tricolor individuals had five nymphal instars, and the mean duration of the nymphal stage was 140.20 ± 31.03 days. The mean duration of copulation was six hours, while the average incubation period of oothecae was 144.71 ± 9.33 days. These results indicate that oothecae of H. tricolor probably overwinter under field conditions and that males of this species have evolved various mechanisms to increase the likelihood of ensuring their own genetic offspring. This study bridges the gap in rudimental research in which Mantodea, in general, has been overlooked and establishes a basis on which ecological interactions, habitat preferences, and imminent threats to H. tricolor can be established.
假花螳螂是螳螂科物种Harpagomantis tricolor的通用名称(林奈,1758)。这个物种使用伪装作为防御机制。有限的信息(Kaltenbach 1996, 1998)存在其分布在南部非洲或其生活史。该物种和Mantodea在一定程度上通常不包括在该地区的生物多样性研究中。本研究的目的是根据博物馆收藏记录确定该物种在南部非洲的分布,并在圈养繁殖条件下研究三色Harpagomantis的生物学。利用南非七个国家博物馆的历史昆虫收藏记录,确定了Harpagomantis的分布及其形态多样性,即变色。野外采集三色瓢虫雌雄交配,在实验室条件下饲养,记录其蛹期、卵囊结构、大小及孵育期、成虫寿命、性别比等生活史参数。结果表明,三色木耳的平均生命周期为191.33±37.96 d。除3株外,其余均有5株若虫,平均若虫期为140.20±31.03 d。平均交尾时间为6 h,卵囊平均潜伏期为144.71±9.33 d。这些结果表明,三色瓢虫的卵囊可能在野外条件下越冬,并且该物种的雄性已经进化出各种机制来增加确保自己遗传后代的可能性。本研究弥补了曼托亚在基础研究中被忽视的空白,为建立生态相互作用、栖息地偏好和迫在眉睫的威胁奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 2
A new species of Physocrobylus (Caelifera: Acridoidea: Acrididae: Coptacrinae), with notes on the phenology and habitat of the genus Physocrobylus属一新种(Caelifera:Acridoide:Acrididae:Coptacrinae),并对该属的酚学和栖息地作了说明
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-02-02 DOI: 10.3897/JOR.30.53375
C. Hemp
A new species of Physocrobylus, P. venetus sp. nov., is described from the Nguru Mountains of Tanzania. It is the third species in the genus restricted to Tanzanian localities. While P. venetus sp. nov. and P. tessa Hochkirch prefer moister forest communities from lowland to submontane forest in the East Usambara and Nguru Mountains, P. burtti Dirsh is an inhabitant of Miombo woodlands.
本文报道了坦桑尼亚恩古鲁山脉的一个新种,P.venetus sp.nov。它是该属中第三个仅限于坦桑尼亚地区的物种。虽然P.venetus sp.nov.和P.tessa Hochkirch更喜欢东Usambara和Nguru山脉从低地到亚山地的湿润森林群落,但P.burtti Dirsh是Miombo林地的居民。
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引用次数: 0
Perception and knowledge of grasshoppers among indigenous communities in tropical forest areas of southern Cameroon: Ecosystem conservation, food security, and health 喀麦隆南部热带森林地区土著社区对蚱蜢的认知和知识:生态系统保护、粮食安全和健康
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.3897/jor.30.64266
C. O. Ngoute, D. Hunter, M. Lecoq
The increased attention given to health, food security, and biodiversity conservation in recent years should bring together conventional scientists and indigenous people to share their knowledge systems for better results. This work aims to assess how grasshoppers are perceived by the local people in southern Cameroon, particularly in terms of food, health, and landscape conservation. Villagers were interviewed individually using a rapid rural assessment method in the form of a semi-structured survey. Nearly all people (99%) declared that they are able to identify local grasshoppers, generally through the color of the insect (80%). Crop fields were the most often cited landscape (16%) in terms of abundance of grasshoppers, with forest being less mentioned (8%). In general, villagers claimed that grasshopper abundance increased with forest degradation. Grasshoppers were found during all seasons of the year but noted to be more abundant during the long dry seasons. People found grasshoppers both useful and harmful, the most harmful reported being Zonocerus variegatus, an important crop pest. Cassava is the most attacked crop with 75–100% losses. Industrial crops, such as cocoa, coffee, and bananas, were not cited as being damaged by grasshoppers. The most effective conventional method cited for the control of pest grasshoppers is the use of pesticides (53%) with, in most cases (27%), a 75–100% efficiency. The traditional method of spreading ash was also often cited (19%), with an estimated efficiency of 25–75%. Biological methods were neither cited nor used by the villagers. Most of them (87%) declared that they eat grasshoppers; some sold these insects in the market (58%) and some used them to treat diseases (11%).
近年来对卫生、粮食安全和生物多样性保护的日益关注应该使传统科学家和土著人民聚集在一起,分享他们的知识系统,以取得更好的成果。这项工作旨在评估喀麦隆南部当地人民对蚱蜢的看法,特别是在食物、健康和景观保护方面。采用半结构化调查形式的快速农村评估方法对村民进行了个别访谈。几乎所有人(99%)都声称他们能够识别当地的蚱蜢,通常是通过昆虫的颜色来识别的(80%)。就蚱蜢的丰度而言,农田是最常被提及的景观(16%),森林被提及的较少(8%)。总的来说,村民们声称蝗虫的数量随着森林的退化而增加。一年四季都有蚱蜢,但在漫长的旱季,蚱蜢的数量更为丰富。人们发现蚱蜢既有用又有害,据报道最有害的是一种重要的农作物害虫——斑带绦虫。木薯是受灾最严重的作物,损失75-100%。工业作物,如可可、咖啡和香蕉,并没有被蝗虫破坏。防治蝗虫最有效的传统方法是使用杀虫剂(53%),在大多数情况下(27%),效率为75-100%。传统的撒灰方法也经常被引用(19%),估计效率为25-75%。村民们既没有引用也没有使用生物方法。他们中的大多数(87%)声称他们吃蚱蜢;一些人在市场上出售这些昆虫(58%),一些人用它们来治疗疾病(11%)。
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引用次数: 5
Presence of the four-spined pygmy devil, Arulenus validispinus (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae), confirmed in Bukidnon region on the island of Mindanao, Philippines 菲律宾棉兰老岛Bukidnon地区发现四棘侏儒魔鬼Arulenus validispinus(直翅目:蚱科)
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-11-30 DOI: 10.3897/jor.29.53718
A. Mohagan, R. Patano, Mescel S. Acola, D. O. Amper, F. Coritico, V. Amoroso
The four-spined pygmy devil (Arulenus validispinus Stål, 1877) is an endemic species to the Philippines. It was described more than 140 years ago from a single female specimen. Since its description, only a single new record was known, reported by Skejo from the Lanao region in 2017 and based on a specimen from eBay. Here, we record the species from the Bukidnon Mountains. We present measurements of a male and a female we collected, with the description of the species morphology and habitat. This species differs from its congeneric Mia’s pygmy devil (A. miae Skejo & Caballero, 2016) by the sharp dorsal and lateral spines.
四棘侏儒魔鬼(Arulenus validdispinus Stål,1877)是菲律宾的特有物种。它是140多年前从一个女性标本中描述出来的。自其描述以来,只有一个新记录是已知的,由拉瑙地区的Skejo于2017年根据eBay上的一个标本报告。在这里,我们记录了来自Bukidnon山脉的物种。我们对我们收集的一只雄性和一只雌性进行了测量,并对物种形态和栖息地进行了描述。该物种与同类的米亚侏儒魔鬼(A.miae-Skejo&Caballero,2016)的不同之处在于其锋利的背棘和侧棘。
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引用次数: 1
New records of exotic crickets in Europe: Homoeogryllus species (Orthoptera: Gryllidea: Phalangopsidae) 欧洲外来蟋蟀新记录:同源蟋蟀种(直翅目:蟋蟀总科:蟋蟀科)
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.3897/JOR.29.50387
Przemysław Żurawlew, L. Desutter‐Grandcolas, P. Szymański, D. Herman
This short note lists new records of exotic crickets belonging to the genus Homoeogryllus (Orthoptera: Gryllidea: Phalangopsidae) in Europe (Poland and Belgium) and discusses the most probable scenarios of their arrival from tropical regions. Photographs and stridulation spectrograms of these crickets are provided. The report concludes that handling terminals and warehouses with tropical plants are the most common sites in Europe where exotic species of different taxa are recorded. The species Homoeogryllus longicornis (Walker, 1869) is also reclassified to the genus Meloimorpha Walker, 1870.
这篇短文列出了欧洲(波兰和比利时)同源蟋蟀属(直翅目:蟋蟀总科:蟋蟀科)的外来蟋蟀的新记录,并讨论了它们从热带地区抵达的最可能情况。提供了这些蟋蟀的照片和鸣叫谱图。该报告得出结论,在欧洲,记录不同分类群外来物种的地点最常见的是装有热带植物的装卸码头和仓库。长角同源花(Homeogryllus longicornis,Walker,1869)也被重新分类到Meloimorpha Walker属,1870年。
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引用次数: 1
Initial impact of a soil disturbance technique (disc harrowing) on Orthoptera in a grass heath in Breckland, UK 土壤扰动技术(盘耙)对英国布雷克兰草地直翅目植物的初步影响
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.3897/JOR.29.51900
T. Gardiner
On a Breckland grass heath in eastern England, soil disturbance methods such as disc harrowing employed to benefit endangered plants such as tower mustard, Arabis glabra, could also create exposed ground for localized insects, specifically the mottled grasshopper, Myrmeleotettix maculatus. Orthoptera of disc-harrowed strips on a grass heath at Santon Warren in Norfolk, UK, were monitored in 2018 and 2019. Data analysis focused on two target species, field grasshopper, Chorthippus brunneus, and M. maculatus, which are likely to respond positively to the creation of early successional habitat. Of the two species, M. maculatus was found in significantly high abundance on the disc-harrowed strips, whereas C. brunneus was not. The species richness of Orthoptera did not appear affected by harrowing, although three species at this location (lesser marsh grasshopper, Chorthippus albomarginatus, longwinged conehead, Conocephalus fuscus, and Roesel’s bush-cricket, Roseliana roeselii) need taller vegetation than was present on the disc-harrowed strips.
在英格兰东部的布拉克兰(brekland)草地上,采用圆盘耙耙等土壤扰动方法有利于塔式芥菜(Arabis glabra)等濒危植物,但也可能为局部昆虫创造暴露的土壤,尤其是斑点蚱蜢(Myrmeleotettix maculatus)。2018年和2019年,英国诺福克郡桑顿沃伦(Santon Warren)草地上的圆盘耙条直翅目昆虫进行了监测。数据分析的重点是两个目标物种,野蚱蜢,Chorthippus brunneus和M. maculatus,它们可能对早期演代栖息地的创造做出积极的反应。其中,黄斑棘球蚴在盘耙带上的丰度显著高,而褐发棘球蚴在盘耙带上的丰度显著低。直翅目的物种丰富度不受耙耙的影响,但有3种直翅目的物种(小沼泽蝗、长翅圆锥蝗、褐蝗和Roseliana roeselii)需要比盘耙带更高的植被。
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引用次数: 1
Two new species of the tribe Meconematini (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from China and male song characters of Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensis sp. nov. 中国绵蝇族二新种(直翅目:绵蝇科:绵蝇科)及尧洛opingenspseudocosmetura . yao . nov.)的雄性鸣声特征。
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-09-14 DOI: 10.3897/JOR.29.49821
Tao Wang, F. Shi
This paper describes two new species of the tribe Meconematini from China, Acosmetura longielatasp. nov. and Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensissp. nov. Data on the male song characters of Pseudocosmetura yaoluopingensissp. nov. are also provided. The type specimens of all new species are preserved in the Museum of Hebei University.
本文报道了中国梅科内马蒂尼族的两个新种——长叶Acosmetura longielatasp。nov.和Yaolupingenissp。nov.耀平伪粘虫雄歌性状资料。nov.也提供了。所有新种的模式标本均保存于河北大学博物馆。
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引用次数: 1
Oecanthus salvii sp. nov. (Orthoptera: Gryllidae: Oecanthinae): A new tree cricket species from Modoc County in northeast California (直翅目:灰背蝗科:灰背蝗科):美国加州东北部莫多克县树蟋蟀一新种
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.3897/jor.29.50400
Nancy Collins, Ken R. Schneider
A new species of Oecanthus is described from extreme northeast California. Oecanthus salviisp. nov. is currently known only from Lake Annie in Modoc County, California, and occurs on sagebrush (Artemisia) and rabbitbrush (Ericameria). It has the narrow tegmina, antennal markings, metanotal gland configuration, and trilling song found in the Oecanthus nigricornis species group. Song details and morphology, including the shape of the subgenital plate and copulatory blades, are provided in this paper. This new species has been given the common name of sage tree cricket.
加利福尼亚东北部描述了一种新的海鳞鱼。Oecanthus salviisp。11 .目前只在加州莫多克县的安妮湖发现,发生在蒿属和兔属植物上。它有狭窄的腱膜,触角斑纹,金属腺结构,和在黑斑海雀物种群中发现的颤音歌声。歌曲的细节和形态,包括生殖器下板和交配叶片的形状,提供了在本文中。这个新物种被赋予了鼠尾草树蟋蟀的共同名称。
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引用次数: 3
Bioecological aspects of the common black field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) in the laboratory and in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) plantations 普通黑地蟋蟀Gryllus assimilis(直翅目:蟋蟀科)在实验室和桉树(杨梅科)人工林中的生物生态学方面
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.3897/jor.29.48966
M. V. Masson, W. Tavares, J. M. Alves, P. J. Ferreira-Filho, L. Barbosa, C. F. Wilcken, J. Zanuncio
The common black field cricket, Gryllus assimilis (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), damages young plants of red cedar, Juniperus virginiana (Cupressaceae); strawberry, Fragaria × ananassa (Rosaceae); sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum (Poaceae); teak, Tectona grandis (Lamiaceae); upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum (Malvaceae); and, mainly, Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae). The objective of this study was to investigate the biological and behavioral parameters of this insect in the laboratory and in Eucalyptus spp. plantations in Inhambupe, Bahia State, Brazil. The incubation period and the viability of G. assimilis eggs were 11.87 days and approximately 22%, respectively. The duration of the nymphal stage was 62.34 days with approximately 60% of the nymphs obtained in the laboratory being females. The average number of egg batches per female, eggs per female, and eggs per batch per female of this insect were 25.50, 862.17, and 34.65, respectively. G. assimilis females lived for 76.50 days in the adult stage, and 138.34 days in total, from egg through nymph to adult. Males produced three characteristic sounds: one for the marking of territory, one for courtship, and one when alone. G. assimilis fed primarily on weeds but, in their absence, it damaged young Eucalyptus spp. plants. This paper presents important data on the biology and behavior of G. assimilis; this information may encourage additional biological research, laboratory rearing, and integrated management of this pest.
常见的黑蟋蟀Gryllus assimilis(直翅目:蟋蟀科)危害红雪松Juniperus virginiana(柏科)的幼树;草莓,Fragaria×ananasa(蔷薇科);甘蔗,甘蔗(Poaceae);柚木、柚木(Lamiaceae);陆地棉,陆地棉(锦葵科);主要是桉树属(杨梅科)。本研究的目的是在实验室和巴西巴伊亚州Inhampupe的桉树种植园中调查这种昆虫的生物学和行为参数。卵的孵化期为11.87天,存活率约为22%。若虫期的持续时间为62.34天,在实验室中获得的若虫中约60%为雌性。这种昆虫的每只雌性、每只雌性和每只雌性的平均卵批数分别为25.50、862.17和34.65。阿西米利斯雌性成虫期生存76.50天,从卵到若虫再到成虫期共生存138.34天。雄性发出三种特征性的声音:一种用于标记领地,一种用于求偶,另一种用于独处。G.assimilis主要以杂草为食,但在没有杂草的情况下,它会损害幼龄桉树属植物。本文介绍了关于阿西米利斯的生物学和行为的重要数据;这些信息可能会鼓励对这种害虫进行额外的生物学研究、实验室饲养和综合管理。
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引用次数: 7
Studies on neotropical Phasmatodea XXII: Two new species of Taraxippus (Phasmatodea: Cladomorphinae: Hesperophasmatini) and the first record of the genus from Central America 新热带Phasmatodea的研究XXII:Taraxippus的两个新种(Phasmatodia:Cladomorphinae:Hesperophasmatini)和中美洲该属的第一个记录
IF 0.8 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2020-05-29 DOI: 10.3897/jor.29.51328
O. Conle, F. Hennemann, Pablo Valero
Two new species of Taraxippus Moxey, 1971 are described and illustrated: T. samaraesp. nov. from Costa Rica and Panama and T. perezgelabertisp. nov. from the Dominican Republic. Both sexes and the previously unknown eggs are described. The genus is recorded from Central America for the first time. A distribution map and a discussion of the distributional pattern of Taraxippus are provided.
描述并举例说明了塔拉西普属的两个新种:T.samaraeps。11月从哥斯达黎加和巴拿马和T.perezgelabertisp。11月,来自多米尼加共和国。描述了两性和以前未知的卵子。该属首次在中美洲被记录。本文提供了塔拉西普属植物的分布图,并对其分布格局进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Orthoptera Research
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