Pub Date : 2017-08-28DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2017.76.02
R. Mesibov
Mesibov, R. 2017. Notes on Victorian Iulomorphidae (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 76: 113–120. New locality records and illustrations are given for Atelomastix solitaria Jeekel, 2009, Victoriocambala bidentata Jeekel, 2009 and V. buffalensis Verhoeff, 1944. Diagnostic differences are reviewed for Victoriocambala Verhoeff, 1944 versus Amastigogonus Brölemann, 1913 and Equestrigonus Mesibov, 2017.
{"title":"Notes on Victorian Iulomorphidae (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida)","authors":"R. Mesibov","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2017.76.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2017.76.02","url":null,"abstract":"Mesibov, R. 2017. Notes on Victorian Iulomorphidae (Diplopoda: Spirostreptida). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 76: 113–120. New locality records and illustrations are given for Atelomastix solitaria Jeekel, 2009, Victoriocambala bidentata Jeekel, 2009 and V. buffalensis Verhoeff, 1944. Diagnostic differences are reviewed for Victoriocambala Verhoeff, 1944 versus Amastigogonus Brölemann, 1913 and Equestrigonus Mesibov, 2017.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"68 1","pages":"113-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90651943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-19DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.17
C. Janis, J. Damuth, K. Travouillon, B. Figueirido, S. Hand, M. Archer
Analyses of craniodental and calcaneal material of extant macropodoids show that both dietary and locomotor types are statistically distinguishable. Application of the craniodental data to fossil macropodoids from the Oligo-Miocene of South Australia (Lake Eyre Basin) and Queensland (Riversleigh World Heritage Area) shows that these taxa were primarily omnivores or browsers. Specialized folivorous browsers were more prevalent in the Queensland deposits than in those of South Australia, suggesting more mesic conditions in the former. The calcaneal data showed that the Oligo-Miocene taxa clustered with extant generalized hoppers, in contrast to prior speculation that balbarids were quadrupedal rather than bipedal.
{"title":"Palaeoecology of Oligo-Miocene macropodoids determined from craniodental and calcaneal data","authors":"C. Janis, J. Damuth, K. Travouillon, B. Figueirido, S. Hand, M. Archer","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.17","url":null,"abstract":"Analyses of craniodental and calcaneal material of extant macropodoids show that both dietary and locomotor types are statistically distinguishable. Application of the craniodental data to fossil macropodoids from the Oligo-Miocene of South Australia (Lake Eyre Basin) and Queensland (Riversleigh World Heritage Area) shows that these taxa were primarily omnivores or browsers. Specialized folivorous browsers were more prevalent in the Queensland deposits than in those of South Australia, suggesting more mesic conditions in the former. The calcaneal data showed that the Oligo-Miocene taxa clustered with extant generalized hoppers, in contrast to prior speculation that balbarids were quadrupedal rather than bipedal.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"82 1","pages":"209-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87223453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.19
K. Black
Black, K.H. 2016. Middle Miocene origins for tough-browse dietary specialisations in the koala (Marsupialia, Phascolarctidae) evolutionary tree: description of a new genus and species from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 255–262. Stelakoala riversleighensis gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of an isolated M1 from the middle Miocene Jim’s Jaw Site of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland. The new genus shares affinities, particularly in its possession of a metastylid fold, with a specialised clade of phascolarctids that includes species of Litokoala and the modern genus Phascolarctos. Dental specialisations of Stelakoala riversleighensis include a high molar crown, the presence of large accessory blades and cuspids, and the development of lingual ribs on the entoconid and metaconid. These features effectively increase both the number and available surface area of the molar cutting blades. Of particular note is the reinforcement of the primary cutting blade through the development of ribs on the lingual cuspids. These structures foreshadow the condition found in Phascolarctos, and may represent an early stage in the transition to a more fibrous, highly specialised diet in the evolutionary history of koalas.
布莱克，K.H. 2016。中新世中期考拉(有袋目，考拉科)进化树中难以浏览的饮食特征的起源:来自里弗斯利世界遗产区的一个新属和新种的描述。维多利亚博物馆回忆录74:255-262。Stelakoala riversleighensis gen. et sp. 11 .是在昆士兰州西北部Riversleigh世界遗产区中新世中期Jim 's Jaw遗址的一个孤立M1的基础上描述的。这个新属与包括Litokoala物种和现代Phascolarctos物种在内的phascolarctids的一个特殊分支有相似之处，特别是在它拥有一个亚柱体褶皱方面。Stelakoala riversleighensis的牙齿特征包括较高的臼齿冠，存在较大的副叶片和尖齿，以及在内突和后突上发育的舌肋。这些特点有效地增加了磨牙切割刀片的数量和可用表面积。特别值得注意的是通过舌尖上肋骨的发育加强了初级切割刀片。这些结构预示了在Phascolarctos中发现的情况，并且可能代表了考拉进化史上向纤维性更强、高度专业化的饮食过渡的早期阶段。
{"title":"Middle Miocene origins for tough-browse dietary specialisations in the koala (Marsupialia, Phascolarctidae) evolutionary tree: description of a new genus and species from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area","authors":"K. Black","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.19","url":null,"abstract":"Black, K.H. 2016. Middle Miocene origins for tough-browse dietary specialisations in the koala (Marsupialia, Phascolarctidae) evolutionary tree: description of a new genus and species from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 255–262. Stelakoala riversleighensis gen. et sp. nov. is described on the basis of an isolated M1 from the middle Miocene Jim’s Jaw Site of the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, northwestern Queensland. The new genus shares affinities, particularly in its possession of a metastylid fold, with a specialised clade of phascolarctids that includes species of Litokoala and the modern genus Phascolarctos. Dental specialisations of Stelakoala riversleighensis include a high molar crown, the presence of large accessory blades and cuspids, and the development of lingual ribs on the entoconid and metaconid. These features effectively increase both the number and available surface area of the molar cutting blades. Of particular note is the reinforcement of the primary cutting blade through the development of ribs on the lingual cuspids. These structures foreshadow the condition found in Phascolarctos, and may represent an early stage in the transition to a more fibrous, highly specialised diet in the evolutionary history of koalas.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"4 1","pages":"255-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72730387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2016.74.09
A. Evans
{"title":"What is ‘Pseudo’ in Pseudotribosphenic Teeth?","authors":"A. Evans","doi":"10.24199/j.mmv.2016.74.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.2016.74.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"1 1","pages":"93-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82998788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.27
P. Ward, D. Flannery, Emma N. Flannery, T. Flannery
Three species belonging to three genera of early Cenozoic nautilid cephalopods are described from Paleocene aged beds of the Pebble Point and Dilwyn formations, Victoria, Australia: Aturoidea distans Teichert, Eutrephoceras victorianum Teichert, both previously known from these deposits, and Nautilus praepompilius Shimansky, previously unknown from Australia. Here we present new occurrence and paleoecological information about these three taxa based on previously and newly collected specimens from Pebble Point Formation beds, as well as presenting the first paleotemperature analyses for Australian nautiloid cephalopods of any age. We sampled for shell carbonates from the single known specimen of Nautilus praepompililus, as well as from a specimen of Aturoidea distans from the Pebble Point beds. The A. distans samples showed temperature of calcification to have been between 20 and 25°C; and for N. praepompilius the temperatures were between 18 and 21°C. There were too few samples to provide statistical analyses, yet the implication is that these two taxa inhabited different depths during calcification. For comparison, we have sampled shell carbonates from the only known extant site where two different nautilid genera coexist, Manus Island, Papua New Guinea. There, specimens of Nautilus pompilius and Allonautilus scrobiculatus calcified (1984 specimens) at temperatures of 12 to 17°C, conforming to previous measurements in the literature and significantly colder than any of the Paleocene specimens sampled here.
{"title":"The Paleocene cephalopod fauna from pebble point, Victoria (Australia)-fulcrum between two Eras","authors":"P. Ward, D. Flannery, Emma N. Flannery, T. Flannery","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.27","url":null,"abstract":"Three species belonging to three genera of early Cenozoic nautilid cephalopods are described from Paleocene aged beds of the Pebble Point and Dilwyn formations, Victoria, Australia: Aturoidea distans Teichert, Eutrephoceras victorianum Teichert, both previously known from these deposits, and Nautilus praepompilius Shimansky, previously unknown from Australia. Here we present new occurrence and paleoecological information about these three taxa based on previously and newly collected specimens from Pebble Point Formation beds, as well as presenting the first paleotemperature analyses for Australian nautiloid cephalopods of any age. We sampled for shell carbonates from the single known specimen of Nautilus praepompililus, as well as from a specimen of Aturoidea distans from the Pebble Point beds. The A. distans samples showed temperature of calcification to have been between 20 and 25°C; and for N. praepompilius the temperatures were between 18 and 21°C. There were too few samples to provide statistical analyses, yet the implication is that these two taxa inhabited different depths during calcification. For comparison, we have sampled shell carbonates from the only known extant site where two different nautilid genera coexist, Manus Island, Papua New Guinea. There, specimens of Nautilus pompilius and Allonautilus scrobiculatus calcified (1984 specimens) at temperatures of 12 to 17°C, conforming to previous measurements in the literature and significantly colder than any of the Paleocene specimens sampled here.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"16 1","pages":"391-402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84607408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.23
A. Sharp
Sharp, A.C. 2016. A quantitative comparative analysis of the size of the frontoparietal sinuses and brain in vombatiform marsupials. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 331–342. Cranial sinuses result from the resorption and deposition of bone in response to biomechanical stress during a process known as pneumatisation. The morphology of a pneumatic bone represents an optimisation between strength and being light weight. The presence of very large sinuses has been described in a number of extinct marsupial megafauna, the size of which no longer exist in extant marsupials. With advances in digital visualisation, and the discovery of a number of exceptionally preserved fossil crania, a unique opportunity exists to investigate hypotheses regarding the structure and evolution of the atypically voluminous sinuses. Sinus function is difficult to test without first obtaining data on sinus variation within and between species. Therefore, the crania of seven species of extinct and extant vombatiform marsupials were studied using CT scans to provide a volumetric assessment of the endocast and cranial sinuses. Sinus volume strongly correlates with skull size and brain size. In the extinct, large bodied palorchestids and diprotodontids the sinuses expand around the dorsal and lateral parts of the braincase. Brain size scales negatively with skull size in vombatiform marsupials. In large species the brain typically fills less than one quarter of the total volume of the endocranial space, and in very large species, it can be less than 10%. Sinus expansion may have developed in order to increase the surface area for attachment of the temporalis muscle and to lighten the skull. The braincase itself would have provided insufficient surface area for the predicted muscle masses.
{"title":"A quantitative comparative analysis of the size of the frontoparietal sinuses and brain in vombatiform marsupials","authors":"A. Sharp","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.23","url":null,"abstract":"Sharp, A.C. 2016. A quantitative comparative analysis of the size of the frontoparietal sinuses and brain in vombatiform marsupials. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 331–342. Cranial sinuses result from the resorption and deposition of bone in response to biomechanical stress during a process known as pneumatisation. The morphology of a pneumatic bone represents an optimisation between strength and being light weight. The presence of very large sinuses has been described in a number of extinct marsupial megafauna, the size of which no longer exist in extant marsupials. With advances in digital visualisation, and the discovery of a number of exceptionally preserved fossil crania, a unique opportunity exists to investigate hypotheses regarding the structure and evolution of the atypically voluminous sinuses. Sinus function is difficult to test without first obtaining data on sinus variation within and between species. Therefore, the crania of seven species of extinct and extant vombatiform marsupials were studied using CT scans to provide a volumetric assessment of the endocast and cranial sinuses. Sinus volume strongly correlates with skull size and brain size. In the extinct, large bodied palorchestids and diprotodontids the sinuses expand around the dorsal and lateral parts of the braincase. Brain size scales negatively with skull size in vombatiform marsupials. In large species the brain typically fills less than one quarter of the total volume of the endocranial space, and in very large species, it can be less than 10%. Sinus expansion may have developed in order to increase the surface area for attachment of the temporalis muscle and to lighten the skull. The braincase itself would have provided insufficient surface area for the predicted muscle masses.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"1 1","pages":"331-342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83119850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.16
K. Travouillon, Kaylene Butler, M. Archer, S. Hand
New specimens of the late Oligocene macropodiform, Gumardee pascuali, are described, as well as two new late Oligocene to early Miocene species, G. springae sp. nov. and G. richi sp. nov. Species of Gumardee exhibit a unique combination of features, including very long upper and lower third premolars, partially lophodont molars and, in dorsoventral plane, concave lower molar row and convex upper molar row. We combined two morphological matrices to assess the phylogenetic relationships of these species. Our analysis recovered species of Gumardee as a well-supported monophyletic group, nested within Potoroinae. Gumardee richi and G. pascuali appear to be more derived than G. springae in having a more strongly developed posthypocristid that is almost hypolophid-like.
{"title":"New material of Gumardee pascuali Flannery et al., 1983 (Marsupialia: Macropodiformes) and two new species from the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland, Australia","authors":"K. Travouillon, Kaylene Butler, M. Archer, S. Hand","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.16","url":null,"abstract":"New specimens of the late Oligocene macropodiform, Gumardee pascuali, are described, as well as two new late Oligocene to early Miocene species, G. springae sp. nov. and G. richi sp. nov. Species of Gumardee exhibit a unique combination of features, including very long upper and lower third premolars, partially lophodont molars and, in dorsoventral plane, concave lower molar row and convex upper molar row. We combined two morphological matrices to assess the phylogenetic relationships of these species. Our analysis recovered species of Gumardee as a well-supported monophyletic group, nested within Potoroinae. Gumardee richi and G. pascuali appear to be more derived than G. springae in having a more strongly developed posthypocristid that is almost hypolophid-like.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"37 1","pages":"189-207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85377188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.11
R. E. Fordyce, F. G. Marx
Fordyce, R.E. and Marx, F.G. 2016. Mysticetes baring their teeth: a new fossil whale, Mammalodon hakataramea, from the Southwest Pacific. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 107–116. A small, toothed fossil cetacean from Hakataramea Valley (South Canterbury, New Zealand) represents a new Late Oligocene species, Mammalodon hakataramea. The new material is from the Kokoamu Greensand (Duntroonian Stage, about 27 Ma, early to middle Chattian) of the Canterbury Basin, and thus about 2 Ma older than the only other species included in this genus, Mammalodon colliveri (Late Oligocene, Victoria, Australia). The anterior pedicle of the tympanic bulla is not fused to the periotic and resembles that of Delphinidae in basic structure. The teeth show extreme attritional and/or abrasive wear, which has obliterated the crowns. Like Mammalodon colliveri, M. hakataramea was probably raptorial or a benthic suction feeder.
{"title":"Mysticetes baring their teeth: A new fossil whale, Mammalodon hakataramea, from the Southwest Pacific","authors":"R. E. Fordyce, F. G. Marx","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.11","url":null,"abstract":"Fordyce, R.E. and Marx, F.G. 2016. Mysticetes baring their teeth: a new fossil whale, Mammalodon hakataramea, from the Southwest Pacific. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 107–116. A small, toothed fossil cetacean from Hakataramea Valley (South Canterbury, New Zealand) represents a new Late Oligocene species, Mammalodon hakataramea. The new material is from the Kokoamu Greensand (Duntroonian Stage, about 27 Ma, early to middle Chattian) of the Canterbury Basin, and thus about 2 Ma older than the only other species included in this genus, Mammalodon colliveri (Late Oligocene, Victoria, Australia). The anterior pedicle of the tympanic bulla is not fused to the periotic and resembles that of Delphinidae in basic structure. The teeth show extreme attritional and/or abrasive wear, which has obliterated the crowns. Like Mammalodon colliveri, M. hakataramea was probably raptorial or a benthic suction feeder.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"17 1","pages":"107-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83520105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.03
B. Kear
Kear, B.P. 2016. Cretaceous marine amniotes of Australia: perspectives on a decade of new research. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 17–28. Cretaceous marine amniote fossils have been documented from Australia for more than 150 years, however, their global significance has only come to the fore in the last decade. This recognition is a product of accelerated research coupled with spectacular new discoveries from the Aptian–Albian epeiric sequences of the Eromanga Basin – especially the opal-bearing deposits of South Australia and vast lagerstätten exposures of central-northern Queensland. Novel fragmentary records have also surfaced in Cenomanian and Maastrichtian strata from Western Australia. The most notable advances include a proliferation of plesiosaurian taxa, as well as detailed characterization of the ‘last surviving’ ichthyosaurian Platypterygius, and some of the stratigraphically oldest protostegid sea turtles based on exceptionally preserved remains. Compositionally, the Australian assemblages provide a unique window into the otherwise poorly known Early Cretaceous marine amniote faunas of Gondwana. Their association with freezing high latitude palaeoenvironments is also extremely unusual, and evinces a climate change coincident diversity turnover incorporating the nascent radiation of lineages that went on to dominate later Mesozoic seas.
{"title":"Cretaceous marine amniotes of Australia: perspectives on a decade of new research","authors":"B. Kear","doi":"10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24199/J.MMV.2016.74.03","url":null,"abstract":"Kear, B.P. 2016. Cretaceous marine amniotes of Australia: perspectives on a decade of new research. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 17–28. Cretaceous marine amniote fossils have been documented from Australia for more than 150 years, however, their global significance has only come to the fore in the last decade. This recognition is a product of accelerated research coupled with spectacular new discoveries from the Aptian–Albian epeiric sequences of the Eromanga Basin – especially the opal-bearing deposits of South Australia and vast lagerstätten exposures of central-northern Queensland. Novel fragmentary records have also surfaced in Cenomanian and Maastrichtian strata from Western Australia. The most notable advances include a proliferation of plesiosaurian taxa, as well as detailed characterization of the ‘last surviving’ ichthyosaurian Platypterygius, and some of the stratigraphically oldest protostegid sea turtles based on exceptionally preserved remains. Compositionally, the Australian assemblages provide a unique window into the otherwise poorly known Early Cretaceous marine amniote faunas of Gondwana. Their association with freezing high latitude palaeoenvironments is also extremely unusual, and evinces a climate change coincident diversity turnover incorporating the nascent radiation of lineages that went on to dominate later Mesozoic seas.","PeriodicalId":53647,"journal":{"name":"Memoirs of Museum Victoria","volume":"117 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85469482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-01DOI: 10.24199/J.MMV.2016.75.02
P. O’Loughlin, C. Harding, G. Paulay
O’Loughlin P.M., Harding, C. & Paulay, G. 2016. The sea cucumbers of Camden Sound in northwest Australia, including four new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Memoirs of Museum Victoria 75: 7–52. All sea cucumbers collected from Camden Sound by the Kimberley Marine Research Program in 2015 are reported, with live colour illustrations of the species. Four new species are described, with O’Loughlin as author: Holothuria (Metriatyla) keesingi; Neothyonidium(?) insolitum; Plesiocolochirus minaeus; Protankyra torquea. Colochirus quadrangularis Troschel, the type species of Colochirus Troschel, is reviewed and a sensu stricto diagnosis is provided for Colochirus. Plesiocolochirus spinosus (Quoy & Gaimard), the type species of Plesiocolochirus Cherbonnier, is reviewed and a sensu stricto diagnosis is provided for Plesiocolochirus. Colochirus robustus Östergren is confirmed for NW Australia, but not for Camden Sound. Pseudocolochirus axiologus (H. L. Clark) is raised out of synonymy with Pseudocolochirus violaceus (Théel). Thyone papuensis Théel is reported from Camden Sound and the species is reviewed and illustrated. We report Thyone pedata Semper from Joseph Bonaparte Gulf in northern Australia, but not for Camden Sound. The WA Naturalists Club visited “Camden Harbour” in 1990 and Marsh reported on the marine invertebrates. Two sea cucumber species from this report are included here. A phylogenetic tree is provided with sequences for species of Colochirus and Plesiocolochirus. A table is provided with a list of all sea cucumbers collected from Camden Sound. Tissue samples for genetic analysis were taken from all specimens, and tissue data are listed in two tables. Two Pilumnidae crabs were found in the coelom of the new species Plesiocolochirus minaeus.
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