Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.20
D. Jurič, Ana Barišić, Sanda Rajhvajn, V. Mahovlić, D. Petrović, M. Macan, Franjo Grgić
The Pap test is designed as a screening test to detect primarily carcinoma of the cervix and its precursors, most often of squamous type. Rarely atypical or malignant cells found in cervical smear can be indication for the existence of an extrauterine disease. We present a case of a 26 year old woman with very small asymptomatic ovarian bilateral borderline tumors whose diagnosis was triggered by finding of atypical glandular cells with psammoma bodies on Pap smear. She had a history of abnormal Pap smears and was admitted to our Hospital for colposcopy. Pap smear was taken and reported as atypical glandular cells (AGC) with psammoma bodies. Colposcopically directed biopsy along with an endocervical curettage showed no abnormalities as well as transvaginal ultrasound examination. Three months later control Pap smear confirmed AGC with psammoma bodies (suggestive of endometrial or serous origin), ultrasound showed the presence of indistinctive, hyperechoic mass 2 cm in diameter in the left ovary along with slightly elevated CA-125 and diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy was performed. At laparascopy, both ovaries had surface cauliflower like papillary projections measuring up to 3 cm. A histological examination revealed bilateral serous borderline tumor.
{"title":"Atypical glandular cells in pap smear as a primarily presentation of ovarian serous borderline tumor","authors":"D. Jurič, Ana Barišić, Sanda Rajhvajn, V. Mahovlić, D. Petrović, M. Macan, Franjo Grgić","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.20","url":null,"abstract":"The Pap test is designed as a screening test to detect primarily carcinoma of the cervix and its precursors, most often of squamous type. Rarely atypical or malignant cells found in cervical smear can be indication for the existence of an extrauterine disease. We present a case of a 26 year old woman with very small asymptomatic ovarian bilateral borderline tumors whose diagnosis was triggered by finding of atypical glandular cells with psammoma bodies on Pap smear. She had a history of abnormal Pap smears and was admitted to our Hospital for colposcopy. Pap smear was taken and reported as atypical glandular cells (AGC) with psammoma bodies. Colposcopically directed biopsy along with an endocervical curettage showed no abnormalities as well as transvaginal ultrasound examination. Three months later control Pap smear confirmed AGC with psammoma bodies (suggestive of endometrial or serous origin), ultrasound showed the presence of indistinctive, hyperechoic mass 2 cm in diameter in the left ovary along with slightly elevated CA-125 and diagnostic hysteroscopy and laparoscopy was performed. At laparascopy, both ovaries had surface cauliflower like papillary projections measuring up to 3 cm. A histological examination revealed bilateral serous borderline tumor.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast– where are we in 2021?","authors":"Mirta Zekan-Vučetić, Saša Schmidt, Helga Sertić-Milić, J. Popić, Ljubica Luetić-Cavor, Borki Vučetić","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67598748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.08
Marija Pastorčić-Grgić, Pavao Perše, B. Stubljar, S. Doko
Summary Aim: To determine success in use of voice prosthesis, prosthesis lifetime and long-term complications after total laryn gectomy with primary tracheoesophageal puncture and to describe our approach to periprosthetic leakage. Introduction: Voice restoration after total laryngectomy is usually performed by placing a silicone voice prosthesis in an artificially formed tracheoesophageal fistula. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on 187 laryngectomies with primary tracheoesophageal puncture in the 15-year period, treated in our hospital. Results: In the group of patients with more than 1 year follow up, 87.8% of patients had successful voice restoration. Average prosthesis lifetime was 8 months. Long-term complications developed in 17.5% of patients. Periprosthetic leakage was the most common. We were able to successfully resolve long-term complications in 19/24 patients and they continued to use their vocal prostheses. Conclusion: The primary placement of the voice prosthesis is successful and safe way to restore a voice after a total laryngectomy. Complications are commonly treatable in an outpatient clinic or with minor surgery.
{"title":"Usage and long-term complications of voice prosthesis in patients with total laryngectomy – our approach to periprosthetic leakage","authors":"Marija Pastorčić-Grgić, Pavao Perše, B. Stubljar, S. Doko","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.08","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Aim: To determine success in use of voice prosthesis, prosthesis lifetime and long-term complications after total laryn gectomy with primary tracheoesophageal puncture and to describe our approach to periprosthetic leakage. Introduction: Voice restoration after total laryngectomy is usually performed by placing a silicone voice prosthesis in an artificially formed tracheoesophageal fistula. Methods: We performed a retrospective study on 187 laryngectomies with primary tracheoesophageal puncture in the 15-year period, treated in our hospital. Results: In the group of patients with more than 1 year follow up, 87.8% of patients had successful voice restoration. Average prosthesis lifetime was 8 months. Long-term complications developed in 17.5% of patients. Periprosthetic leakage was the most common. We were able to successfully resolve long-term complications in 19/24 patients and they continued to use their vocal prostheses. Conclusion: The primary placement of the voice prosthesis is successful and safe way to restore a voice after a total laryngectomy. Complications are commonly treatable in an outpatient clinic or with minor surgery.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44683158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.13
Lorena Stamičar, M. Gamulin
This manuscript reviewes recent knowledge regarding first line therapy of metastatic urothelial bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is on the 10th place in the world by its incidence, and more prevalent in men. Patients with metastatic urothelial cancer should be classified into one of the two groups: cisplatin-eligible and cisplatin-ineligible. Cisplatin-eligible can be treated with cisplatin based regimens and have better outcome. Cisplatin-ineligible patients (40-50%) are cisplatin-ineligible patients are primarily those with creatinine clirence les than 50 ml/min, the ones with certain comorbities and/or poor ECOG performance status, and, as an alternative, can be treated with carboplatin which is less effective. After the diagnosis of metastatic bladder cancer has been confirmed, it is necessary to choose one of the cisplatin based chemotherapy regimens. However, one should have in mind that cisplatin can cause certain side effects such as nephrotoxic, neurotoxic and ototoxic effects.
{"title":"First line therapy of metastatic urothelial bladder cancer","authors":"Lorena Stamičar, M. Gamulin","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.13","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript reviewes recent knowledge regarding first line therapy of metastatic urothelial bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is on the 10th place in the world by its incidence, and more prevalent in men. Patients with metastatic urothelial cancer should be classified into one of the two groups: cisplatin-eligible and cisplatin-ineligible. Cisplatin-eligible can be treated with cisplatin based regimens and have better outcome. Cisplatin-ineligible patients (40-50%) are cisplatin-ineligible patients are primarily those with creatinine clirence les than 50 ml/min, the ones with certain comorbities and/or poor ECOG performance status, and, as an alternative, can be treated with carboplatin which is less effective. After the diagnosis of metastatic bladder cancer has been confirmed, it is necessary to choose one of the cisplatin based chemotherapy regimens. However, one should have in mind that cisplatin can cause certain side effects such as nephrotoxic, neurotoxic and ototoxic effects.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44749629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.19
Vedrana Biošić, Petar Matosevic, G. Augustin, Emil Kinda
{"title":"Retroperitoneal mass: talk nerves to me (Retroperitoneal femoral schwannoma with postoperative iatrogenic femoral neuropathy: case report)","authors":"Vedrana Biošić, Petar Matosevic, G. Augustin, Emil Kinda","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44132114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.15
Nikolina Matić, I. Matić
Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a specific malignant disease as it can be managed by a long-term oral tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment. Routine practise in the management of CML includes continuation of TKIs therapy even after the patient achieves remision. Several trials have demonstrated that TKIs discontinuation is feasible in clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to assess relevant scientific evidence on CML remission stability after TKIs therapy cessation.
{"title":"Chronic myeloid leukaemia remission stability after tyrosine - kinase inhibitors therapy cessation: a review of literature","authors":"Nikolina Matić, I. Matić","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.15","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a specific malignant disease as it can be managed by a long-term oral tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) treatment. Routine practise in the management of CML includes continuation of TKIs therapy even after the patient achieves remision. Several trials have demonstrated that TKIs discontinuation is feasible in clinical practice. The aim of this paper is to assess relevant scientific evidence on CML remission stability after TKIs therapy cessation.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48411441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.16
L. Simetić, Krešimir Blažević, D. Herceg
Summary For decades, interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has been the only option in the adjuvant treatment of high-risk melanoma. De spite numerous clinical trials and meta-analyzes, IFN-α is not yet a gold standard. It indeed showed benefit in progression-free survival (PFS) and to a lesser extent in overall survival (OS) but at the cost of high toxicity. The emergence of new, revolutionary therapies in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, like immunotherapy (check point inhibitors - CTLA4 and PD1 inhibitors) and targeted therapies (BRAF and MEK inhibitors), led to considering their potential effect in adjuvant/preventive use. A number of phase II and phase III trials analyzed the adjuvant application of targeted therapies and immunothera pies in completely resected stage III melanoma (IIIA, IIIB, IIIC) and stage IV melanoma (PD1 inhibitor nivolumab). They showed a clear benefit in relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). This led to a change in guidelines for adju vant treatment of melanoma and approval of immunotherapy and targeted therapy by the FDA (Food and Drug Adminis -tration) and EMA (European medicines agency) in the indications mentioned above. Further trials are underway in other high-risk stages (like IIC) and in neoadjuvant treatment of stage III melanoma.
{"title":"Adjuvant treatments in melanoma","authors":"L. Simetić, Krešimir Blažević, D. Herceg","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.16","url":null,"abstract":"Summary For decades, interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has been the only option in the adjuvant treatment of high-risk melanoma. De spite numerous clinical trials and meta-analyzes, IFN-α is not yet a gold standard. It indeed showed benefit in progression-free survival (PFS) and to a lesser extent in overall survival (OS) but at the cost of high toxicity. The emergence of new, revolutionary therapies in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, like immunotherapy (check point inhibitors - CTLA4 and PD1 inhibitors) and targeted therapies (BRAF and MEK inhibitors), led to considering their potential effect in adjuvant/preventive use. A number of phase II and phase III trials analyzed the adjuvant application of targeted therapies and immunothera pies in completely resected stage III melanoma (IIIA, IIIB, IIIC) and stage IV melanoma (PD1 inhibitor nivolumab). They showed a clear benefit in relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). This led to a change in guidelines for adju vant treatment of melanoma and approval of immunotherapy and targeted therapy by the FDA (Food and Drug Adminis -tration) and EMA (European medicines agency) in the indications mentioned above. Further trials are underway in other high-risk stages (like IIC) and in neoadjuvant treatment of stage III melanoma.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47173831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.09
Z. Misir, Goran Glavčić, S. Jankovic, J. Filipović-Čugura
Summary Background: Since its first description in 1992, laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the gold standard for the surgi cal treatment of most adrenal conditions. We demonstrated the safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic technique in pa tients with primary hyperaldosteronism caused by solitary aldosteronoma treated by laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy. Aim: To demonstrate safety and feasibility of laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy in aldosterone-producing adenomas. Materials and methods: From 1992. to the present time, 13 patients presented with hyperaldosteronism and a single adrenal adenoma (Conn’s syndrome) and were treated with laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy. The mean age was 65 years, and the average tumor size was 1.35 cm in diameter. The mean follow-up of our patients for hypertension and local reccurence was 36 months (range 6 – 72 months). A transperitoneal approach was used in all patients, tumors were resected with safety margins by ultrasonic device. Results: All procedures were finished laparoscopically, and no conversion was necessary. The mean duration of the operations was 65 minutes, with a mean bleeding rate of 40 ml. No major intraoperative or postoperative complication was observed. Postoperative mean hospital stay was 4 days. In all the cases, hypertension improved totally or partially, and no local recurrence was observed. Conclusion: Laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenomas is a minimally invasive proce dure with a low complication rate. This procedure can be performed with good results for patients with small aldosterono mas of the adrenal gland, even with a healthy contralateral
{"title":"Partial laparoscopic adrenalectomy for aldosteronoma: our experience","authors":"Z. Misir, Goran Glavčić, S. Jankovic, J. Filipović-Čugura","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.09","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Background: Since its first description in 1992, laparoscopic adrenalectomy has become the gold standard for the surgi cal treatment of most adrenal conditions. We demonstrated the safety and feasibility of the laparoscopic technique in pa tients with primary hyperaldosteronism caused by solitary aldosteronoma treated by laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy. Aim: To demonstrate safety and feasibility of laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy in aldosterone-producing adenomas. Materials and methods: From 1992. to the present time, 13 patients presented with hyperaldosteronism and a single adrenal adenoma (Conn’s syndrome) and were treated with laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy. The mean age was 65 years, and the average tumor size was 1.35 cm in diameter. The mean follow-up of our patients for hypertension and local reccurence was 36 months (range 6 – 72 months). A transperitoneal approach was used in all patients, tumors were resected with safety margins by ultrasonic device. Results: All procedures were finished laparoscopically, and no conversion was necessary. The mean duration of the operations was 65 minutes, with a mean bleeding rate of 40 ml. No major intraoperative or postoperative complication was observed. Postoperative mean hospital stay was 4 days. In all the cases, hypertension improved totally or partially, and no local recurrence was observed. Conclusion: Laparoscopic partial adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenomas is a minimally invasive proce dure with a low complication rate. This procedure can be performed with good results for patients with small aldosterono mas of the adrenal gland, even with a healthy contralateral","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46961176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-22DOI: 10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.14
Josipa Flam, Luka Perić, Mirela Šambić-Penc, Maja Kovač-Barić, Darko Kotromanović, Nora Pušeljić, Ivana Canjko
{"title":"Perioperative treatment of gastric cancer- short review","authors":"Josipa Flam, Luka Perić, Mirela Šambić-Penc, Maja Kovač-Barić, Darko Kotromanović, Nora Pušeljić, Ivana Canjko","doi":"10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/lo.2021.49.02-03.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45644388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-25DOI: 10.20471/LO.2021.49.01.04
Ivana Miše
Syndecan-1 (Sdc1) is a transmembrane heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, an extracellular matrix receptor and a cell-matrix adhesion organiser, included in adhesion of all cell’s contact surfaces. It integrates different cellular signals and signals between growth factors, and modulates cell proliferation, carcinogenesis, migration and angiogenesis. Cellular motion and invasion first require loss of the Sdc1. Sdc1 expression is lost shortly before the cell changes shape or location, which decrease adhesiveness but enhance cellular mobility and their invasive potential. Releasing of Sdc1 from the cell surface (shedding) enables tumor growth and metastasizing. Such change of the Sdc1 expression is of crucial value for transition of invasive breast carcinoma to metastatic phenotype, and it is a part of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Molecules included in EMT are potential targets for anticancer pharmacotherapy and control of tumor metastasizing. Maybe proteolytic conversion from insoluble (membrane bound coreceptor) to soluble Sdc1 is trigger for turning of proliferative phase of breast cancer to invasive one, which can also be of potential diagnostic-therapeutic benefit. Stromal Sdc1 expression means not merely the simple fixation of the released Sdc1 from the epithelial cells to the stromal, but also autochthonous Sdc1 synthesis in reactive stromal fibroblasts. By interacting with heparin-binding growth factors, Sdc1 accumulates in the stroma and can contribute to proliferation of invasive tumor stroma and neoangiogenesis. In more than 70% of breast carcinomas Sdc1 is induced in stromal fibroblasts, with the significant difference in its expression between stroma of malignant and non-malignant breast tissue. Although part of breast cancers loses Sdc1, in most of them it is expressed or over-expressed, and its expression is associated with a poorer response of this cancer to chemotherapy. Studies about prognostic significance of Sdc1 in breast cancer have shown unequal results, which refers to the need for new researches on this subject.
{"title":"Value of immunohistochemical determination of syndecan-1 in breast cancer","authors":"Ivana Miše","doi":"10.20471/LO.2021.49.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20471/LO.2021.49.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Syndecan-1 (Sdc1) is a transmembrane heparan-sulfate proteoglycan, an extracellular matrix receptor and a cell-matrix adhesion organiser, included in adhesion of all cell’s contact surfaces. It integrates different cellular signals and signals between growth factors, and modulates cell proliferation, carcinogenesis, migration and angiogenesis. Cellular motion and invasion first require loss of the Sdc1. Sdc1 expression is lost shortly before the cell changes shape or location, which decrease adhesiveness but enhance cellular mobility and their invasive potential. Releasing of Sdc1 from the cell surface (shedding) enables tumor growth and metastasizing. Such change of the Sdc1 expression is of crucial value for transition of invasive breast carcinoma to metastatic phenotype, and it is a part of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Molecules included in EMT are potential targets for anticancer pharmacotherapy and control of tumor metastasizing. Maybe proteolytic conversion from insoluble (membrane bound coreceptor) to soluble Sdc1 is trigger for turning of proliferative phase of breast cancer to invasive one, which can also be of potential diagnostic-therapeutic benefit. Stromal Sdc1 expression means not merely the simple fixation of the released Sdc1 from the epithelial cells to the stromal, but also autochthonous Sdc1 synthesis in reactive stromal fibroblasts. By interacting with heparin-binding growth factors, Sdc1 accumulates in the stroma and can contribute to proliferation of invasive tumor stroma and neoangiogenesis. In more than 70% of breast carcinomas Sdc1 is induced in stromal fibroblasts, with the significant difference in its expression between stroma of malignant and non-malignant breast tissue. Although part of breast cancers loses Sdc1, in most of them it is expressed or over-expressed, and its expression is associated with a poorer response of this cancer to chemotherapy. Studies about prognostic significance of Sdc1 in breast cancer have shown unequal results, which refers to the need for new researches on this subject.","PeriodicalId":53700,"journal":{"name":"Libri Oncologici","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42884111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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