Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001006
G. Pollio
Piled carpets, whether of Eastern or European production, appeared in colonial homes soon after the colonisation of North America in the early 17th century. Initially displayed on tables and cupboards, they were subsequently used as floor coverings in the homes of political and social elites. Over the 18th century Eastern carpets appear to have lost their original semiotic function: ‘English’ having become synonymous with elegance, led colonial consumers increasingly to substitute carpets made in Great Britain for those imported from Persia or Turkey; this shift was motivated in large part by both the wider range of English styles and their lower cost. Probate inventories provide much of the information on the position of carpets in colonial homes. Such data are subject to various shortcomings, which are noted and discussed, especially in relation to their use as valuation measures.
{"title":"‘Now Nothing are so Numerous’","authors":"G. Pollio","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001006","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Piled carpets, whether of Eastern or European production, appeared in colonial homes soon after the colonisation of North America in the early 17th century. Initially displayed on tables and cupboards, they were subsequently used as floor coverings in the homes of political and social elites. Over the 18th century Eastern carpets appear to have lost their original semiotic function: ‘English’ having become synonymous with elegance, led colonial consumers increasingly to substitute carpets made in Great Britain for those imported from Persia or Turkey; this shift was motivated in large part by both the wider range of English styles and their lower cost. Probate inventories provide much of the information on the position of carpets in colonial homes. Such data are subject to various shortcomings, which are noted and discussed, especially in relation to their use as valuation measures.","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"70-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48519972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001010
Michaël Roy
{"title":"Une histoire de la Guinée, edited by Anthony Benezet","authors":"Michaël Roy","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"134-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43313812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001008
Christoph Strobel
{"title":"Storm of the Sea: Indians and Empires in the Atlantic’s Age of Sail, written by Matthew R. Bahar","authors":"Christoph Strobel","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"116-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46606148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001013
David Chaunu
{"title":"The Torrid Zone: Caribbean Colonization and Cultural Interaction in the Long Seventeenth Century, edited by L. H. Roper","authors":"David Chaunu","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"126-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44082603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001002
Bryan C. Rindfleisch
{"title":"Frontiers of Science: Imperialism and Natural Knowledge in the Gulf South Borderlands, 1500–1850, written by Cameron B. Strang, (2018)","authors":"Bryan C. Rindfleisch","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"109-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41764698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001004
Carolina Monteiro, E. Odegard
From 1630 until its fall in 1654, the Dutch West India Company maintained a colony in northeastern Brazil where it tried to profit from the cultivation of sugar using enslaved African labor. Count Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen served as this colony’s governor-general from 1636 until 1644, this being the most heavily studied period of the colony’s existence. But the role of Johan Maurits in the transatlantic slave trade and enslavement in Brazil is poorly covered by research, with some historians recently arguing that there is ‘no proof’ of any personal involvement. This article presents a clear argument for the personal involvement of Johan Maurits in the slave trade and shows his involvement in slave-smuggling. Understanding the social relations between the count, his court and the Luso-Brazilian elite is in fact simply impossible without bringing in the trade and smuggling of enslaved Africans.
从1630年到1654年沦陷，荷兰西印度公司在巴西东北部建立了一个殖民地，试图利用被奴役的非洲劳动力从蔗糖种植中获利。从1636年到1644年，Johan Maurits van Nassau Siegen伯爵担任该殖民地的总督，这是该殖民地存在期间研究最多的时期。但Johan Maurits在巴西跨大西洋奴隶贸易和奴役中的作用没有得到很好的研究，一些历史学家最近认为“没有证据”表明有任何个人参与。本文为约翰·毛里茨个人参与奴隶贸易提供了明确的论据，并表明他参与了奴隶走私。事实上，如果不引入被奴役的非洲人的贸易和走私，就不可能了解伯爵、他的宫廷和卢索-巴西精英之间的社会关系。
{"title":"Slavery at the Court of the ‘Humanist Prince’ Reexamining Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen and his Role in Slavery, Slave Trade and Slave-smuggling in Dutch Brazil","authors":"Carolina Monteiro, E. Odegard","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001004","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000From 1630 until its fall in 1654, the Dutch West India Company maintained a colony in northeastern Brazil where it tried to profit from the cultivation of sugar using enslaved African labor. Count Johan Maurits van Nassau-Siegen served as this colony’s governor-general from 1636 until 1644, this being the most heavily studied period of the colony’s existence. But the role of Johan Maurits in the transatlantic slave trade and enslavement in Brazil is poorly covered by research, with some historians recently arguing that there is ‘no proof’ of any personal involvement. This article presents a clear argument for the personal involvement of Johan Maurits in the slave trade and shows his involvement in slave-smuggling. Understanding the social relations between the count, his court and the Luso-Brazilian elite is in fact simply impossible without bringing in the trade and smuggling of enslaved Africans.","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46003584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001003
Celine B Ugolini
{"title":"Caribbean New Orleans : Empire, Race, and the Making of a Slave Society, written by Cécile Vidal, (2019)","authors":"Celine B Ugolini","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"131-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42566449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001012
J. M. Daniel
{"title":"Riesgo, desastre y miedo en la península Ibérica y México durante la Edad Moderna, edited by Armando Alberola Romá","authors":"J. M. Daniel","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"141-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45052069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001005
Dennis J. Maika
In late 1659, the Dutch West India Company’s Amsterdam Chamber began an “experiment” intended to bring a regularized slave trade to New Amsterdam. With Curaçao as a reliable source of enslaved Africans, the Amsterdam Chamber opened the slave trade to independent investors and merchants, following a collaborative model between a state-sponsored corporation and private investors used elsewhere in the seventeenth-century Dutch Atlantic world. A variety of commercial actors responded to the experiment, devising speculative strategies to incorporate enslaved people into their commercial portfolios. This essay tracks the strategies conceived by New Amsterdam merchants, local wic representatives, and some independent Amsterdam investors, and reveals the experiment’s uneven progression, modulated by changing regional conditions and regular adjustments and reversals by the Amsterdam Chamber. This article adds a new dimension to studies of the early North American regional slave trade, typically seen from an English perspective, by appreciating Dutch New Amsterdam’s legacy.
{"title":"To “experiment with a parcel of negros”","authors":"Dennis J. Maika","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001005","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In late 1659, the Dutch West India Company’s Amsterdam Chamber began an “experiment” intended to bring a regularized slave trade to New Amsterdam. With Curaçao as a reliable source of enslaved Africans, the Amsterdam Chamber opened the slave trade to independent investors and merchants, following a collaborative model between a state-sponsored corporation and private investors used elsewhere in the seventeenth-century Dutch Atlantic world. A variety of commercial actors responded to the experiment, devising speculative strategies to incorporate enslaved people into their commercial portfolios. This essay tracks the strategies conceived by New Amsterdam merchants, local wic representatives, and some independent Amsterdam investors, and reveals the experiment’s uneven progression, modulated by changing regional conditions and regular adjustments and reversals by the Amsterdam Chamber. This article adds a new dimension to studies of the early North American regional slave trade, typically seen from an English perspective, by appreciating Dutch New Amsterdam’s legacy.","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"33-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45201565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-11DOI: 10.1163/18770703-01001011
Edmond Dziembowski
{"title":"La Marche sur Yorktown, edited by Bertrand Van Ruymbeke, Iris de Rode","authors":"Edmond Dziembowski","doi":"10.1163/18770703-01001011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/18770703-01001011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53896,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Early American History","volume":"10 1","pages":"137-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49592101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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