Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(4)_oa10
{"title":"Kidney Injury Incidence in COVID-19 Patients and Evaluation of Several Function Variables","authors":"","doi":"10.21103/article13(4)_oa10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(4)_oa10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":"39 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138600557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(4)_cr1
{"title":"Acute Transverse Myelitis with Right Arm Paralysis in a Pediatric Patient: A Rare and Challenging Case Report","authors":"","doi":"10.21103/article13(4)_cr1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(4)_cr1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":"22 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(4)_oa15
{"title":"Demographic, Clinical, and Biomedical Profile of Diabetic Patients Receiving Home Healthcare in Saudi Arabia","authors":"","doi":"10.21103/article13(4)_oa15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(4)_oa15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":"140 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138598693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(4)_ra4
{"title":"Oral Mucosal Changes in Acrylate Prosthesis Wearers Among Diabetic Patients: A Review Article","authors":"","doi":"10.21103/article13(4)_ra4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(4)_ra4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":"53 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138600744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_ra4
S. Aldahery
The multimodal imaging technique has gained the spotlight in the present era due to its striking and immense applications. It is the combination of two or more modalities that complement one another to yield detailed information. Indubitably, it is an emerging and crucial technique due to its broad clinical and research applications. The diagnostic techniques with the dual modality are aligned for obtaining molecular data. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a progressive imaging technique in nuclear medicine. To flourish in the imaging industry, PET was combined with computed tomography (CT), but the fusion of the two provides some challenges, such as less soft tissue contrast and inefficiency of acquisition in simultaneous mode. As a result, another hybrid imaging technology, PET and MRI (PET/MRI), has been developed to provide more soft tissue contrast and less radiation dose exposure, leading this technique to be used extensively despite its shortcomings. This review study discusses the fusion of PET/MRI, technical challenges for their combination, commercially available models, and clinical applications observed in the wide areas of oncology, the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system, pediatrics, and inflammatory diseases.
{"title":"The Impact of PET/MRI Fusion on the Diagnostic Imaging Industry","authors":"S. Aldahery","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_ra4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_ra4","url":null,"abstract":"The multimodal imaging technique has gained the spotlight in the present era due to its striking and immense applications. It is the combination of two or more modalities that complement one another to yield detailed information. Indubitably, it is an emerging and crucial technique due to its broad clinical and research applications. The diagnostic techniques with the dual modality are aligned for obtaining molecular data. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a progressive imaging technique in nuclear medicine. To flourish in the imaging industry, PET was combined with computed tomography (CT), but the fusion of the two provides some challenges, such as less soft tissue contrast and inefficiency of acquisition in simultaneous mode. As a result, another hybrid imaging technology, PET and MRI (PET/MRI), has been developed to provide more soft tissue contrast and less radiation dose exposure, leading this technique to be used extensively despite its shortcomings. This review study discusses the fusion of PET/MRI, technical challenges for their combination, commercially available models, and clinical applications observed in the wide areas of oncology, the cardiovascular system, the central nervous system, pediatrics, and inflammatory diseases.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41990412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_shc
Sara Ali, Rolla Nasser, Naima Adam, Athar Jama, Salma Mohamed, Hassan Hijazi, Sahar Ahmed
Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common during pregnancy due to the apparent reduction in immunity of pregnant women, which appears to encourage the growth of both commensal and non-commensal microorganisms. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria and identify the causative organisms among pregnant women. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital and Bashaier University Hospital from April to July 2019 to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women. Fifty urine specimens were collected from pregnant women who didn’t show any signs or symptoms of UTI. Clean-catch mid-stream urine was collected into a sterile, universal container. Bacteriological culture and bacterial identification were carried out. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in this study was 12%. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently isolated organisms: 2/6(33.3%) and 2/6(33.3%), respectively, followed by Proteus species 1/6(16.7%) and Klebsiella pneumonia 1/6(16.7%). Asymptomatic bacteriuria tended to increase from the first to the third trimester (1/8.3%, 2/11.1%, and 3/15%, respectively), but without statistical significance (P=0.845). We also found a trend to increase in the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria with decreasing age: 2(15.4%) in the age group of 18-25 years, 3(11.5%) in the age group of 26-33 years, and only 1(9.1%) in the age group of 34-41 years (P=0.890). Conclusion: Periodic urine cultures should be performed routinely throughout pregnancy, especially during the first and third trimesters, to identify any unsuspecting unsuspected infection. Bacterial counts are of the most importance and should be done routinely. This measure will significantly reduce maternal and obstetric complications associated with pregnancy.
{"title":"Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Sudan","authors":"Sara Ali, Rolla Nasser, Naima Adam, Athar Jama, Salma Mohamed, Hassan Hijazi, Sahar Ahmed","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_shc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_shc","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Asymptomatic bacteriuria is common during pregnancy due to the apparent reduction in immunity of pregnant women, which appears to encourage the growth of both commensal and non-commensal microorganisms. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of asymptomatic bacteriuria and identify the causative organisms among pregnant women. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was carried out at Ibrahim Malik Teaching Hospital and Bashaier University Hospital from April to July 2019 to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria among pregnant women. Fifty urine specimens were collected from pregnant women who didn’t show any signs or symptoms of UTI. Clean-catch mid-stream urine was collected into a sterile, universal container. Bacteriological culture and bacterial identification were carried out. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women in this study was 12%. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the most frequently isolated organisms: 2/6(33.3%) and 2/6(33.3%), respectively, followed by Proteus species 1/6(16.7%) and Klebsiella pneumonia 1/6(16.7%). Asymptomatic bacteriuria tended to increase from the first to the third trimester (1/8.3%, 2/11.1%, and 3/15%, respectively), but without statistical significance (P=0.845). We also found a trend to increase in the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria with decreasing age: 2(15.4%) in the age group of 18-25 years, 3(11.5%) in the age group of 26-33 years, and only 1(9.1%) in the age group of 34-41 years (P=0.890). Conclusion: Periodic urine cultures should be performed routinely throughout pregnancy, especially during the first and third trimesters, to identify any unsuspecting unsuspected infection. Bacterial counts are of the most importance and should be done routinely. This measure will significantly reduce maternal and obstetric complications associated with pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43569763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_oa8
Mahasin Hassan
Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) incidence and prevalence have increased globally. The gravity of this chronic disease comes from its ability to progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are rising rapidly. Genetic, demographic, environmental, and clinical factors are significant in the occurrence of NAFL. This study aimed to assess risk factors that affect the occurrence of NAFLD. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was carried out at hospitals in the Hail Region, KSA. It included 160 patients: 76 were considered as control (normal liver), and 84 suffered from fatty liver (according to a US image). Sonography was carried out using a US scanner with curvilinear transducers having a frequency of 3.5MHz. The following data were obtained: age, BMI, clinical history, including long-term medication of more than 3 months (oral antidiabetic medications, hormone replacement therapy for hyperthyroidism, and antihypertensive drug), T2D, viral hepatitis, liver span, lipidemia, metabolic disorders, and weight loss. The prevalence of NAFLD increases significantly among patients taking medications for a long time and T2D patients (P<0.001). Hepatomegaly is one of the most common physical examination findings of NAFLD (P<0.001). Conclusion: A periodic US examination is helpful because it can reveal fatty infiltration of the liver in the early stages to avoid fatal complications, especially for patients with long-term medication or T2D. Other studies with larger sample sizes and different known risk factors are needed to discover all risk factors for the KSA population.
{"title":"Risk Factors for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Patients Referred to Radiological Departments at Hail Hospitals, KSA","authors":"Mahasin Hassan","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_oa8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_oa8","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) incidence and prevalence have increased globally. The gravity of this chronic disease comes from its ability to progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are rising rapidly. Genetic, demographic, environmental, and clinical factors are significant in the occurrence of NAFL. This study aimed to assess risk factors that affect the occurrence of NAFLD. Methods and Results: This cross-sectional study was carried out at hospitals in the Hail Region, KSA. It included 160 patients: 76 were considered as control (normal liver), and 84 suffered from fatty liver (according to a US image). Sonography was carried out using a US scanner with curvilinear transducers having a frequency of 3.5MHz. The following data were obtained: age, BMI, clinical history, including long-term medication of more than 3 months (oral antidiabetic medications, hormone replacement therapy for hyperthyroidism, and antihypertensive drug), T2D, viral hepatitis, liver span, lipidemia, metabolic disorders, and weight loss. The prevalence of NAFLD increases significantly among patients taking medications for a long time and T2D patients (P<0.001). Hepatomegaly is one of the most common physical examination findings of NAFLD (P<0.001). Conclusion: A periodic US examination is helpful because it can reveal fatty infiltration of the liver in the early stages to avoid fatal complications, especially for patients with long-term medication or T2D. Other studies with larger sample sizes and different known risk factors are needed to discover all risk factors for the KSA population.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46091558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_oa10
E. Sadiku, Kliti Hoti, Aureta Bruci, Stela Tac, Aurora Bruci, B. Kraja
Background: Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is one of the most common medical emergencies and often represents a life-threatening event. The aim of this study is to find potential predictive factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with NVUGIB. Methods and Results: Our prospective study was conducted in Mother Teresa Hospital between May 2022 and December 2022. A total of 224 patients (aged >18 years) with NVUGIB were included in the study. Demographical and clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and laboratory tests were reviewed during a 30-day follow-up period. Logistic regression was employed to identify the independent predictors of mortality. The mean age of the 224 patients enrolled in the study was 63.21±16.3 years and most patients (72.8%) were male. One hundred fifty (66.9%) patients had comorbidities. The most common endoscopic diagnoses underlying NVUGIB episodes were duodenal ulcers (53.1%). Recurrent bleeding was recorded in 50(22.3%) patients. Out of 224 patients included in the study, 24(10.7%) died within 30 days of admission, 20(8.9%) died during hospitalization, and 4(1.8%) died after discharge. The mean age of death was 76.42±12.59 years; 95.8% of deaths were associated with one or more major comorbidities. In the multivariate logistic regression, after the exclusion of confounding factors, low red blood cell (RBC) (P=0.043, OR=0.413, CI 95%: 0.176-0.974), warfarin (P=0.036, OR=10.547, CI 95%: 1.165-95.462), and Rockall score (RS) >5 (P=0.034, OR=4.107, CI 95%: 1.114-15.139) were found to be independent predictive factors for mortality. Conclusion: The 30-day mortality rate remained high after NVUGIB, especially during hospitalization. Low RBC, warfarin, and RS>5 were independent factors of mortality in patients with NVUGIB.
{"title":"Predictive Factors of Mortality in Patients with Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding","authors":"E. Sadiku, Kliti Hoti, Aureta Bruci, Stela Tac, Aurora Bruci, B. Kraja","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_oa10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_oa10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is one of the most common medical emergencies and often represents a life-threatening event. The aim of this study is to find potential predictive factors associated with 30-day mortality in patients with NVUGIB. Methods and Results: Our prospective study was conducted in Mother Teresa Hospital between May 2022 and December 2022. A total of 224 patients (aged >18 years) with NVUGIB were included in the study. Demographical and clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and laboratory tests were reviewed during a 30-day follow-up period. Logistic regression was employed to identify the independent predictors of mortality. The mean age of the 224 patients enrolled in the study was 63.21±16.3 years and most patients (72.8%) were male. One hundred fifty (66.9%) patients had comorbidities. The most common endoscopic diagnoses underlying NVUGIB episodes were duodenal ulcers (53.1%). Recurrent bleeding was recorded in 50(22.3%) patients. Out of 224 patients included in the study, 24(10.7%) died within 30 days of admission, 20(8.9%) died during hospitalization, and 4(1.8%) died after discharge. The mean age of death was 76.42±12.59 years; 95.8% of deaths were associated with one or more major comorbidities. In the multivariate logistic regression, after the exclusion of confounding factors, low red blood cell (RBC) (P=0.043, OR=0.413, CI 95%: 0.176-0.974), warfarin (P=0.036, OR=10.547, CI 95%: 1.165-95.462), and Rockall score (RS) >5 (P=0.034, OR=4.107, CI 95%: 1.114-15.139) were found to be independent predictive factors for mortality. Conclusion: The 30-day mortality rate remained high after NVUGIB, especially during hospitalization. Low RBC, warfarin, and RS>5 were independent factors of mortality in patients with NVUGIB.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47532968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_ra5
Ramadan Hussein, S. Dayel
Atrophic and hypertrophic scars can result from various conditions, such as acne, trauma, and surgery. Minoxidil, a medication used for the treatment of severe hypertension and hair loss, has been explored as a potential treatment for scars. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence regarding the role of minoxidil in the treatment of scars. Previously published reviews have primarily focused on the use of minoxidil in hair loss and have only briefly mentioned its potential use for scars. However, minoxidil may have a beneficial effect as an antifibrotic agent. Several studies have reported reduced collagen accumulation and fibrosis after treatment with minoxidil. The proposed mechanism of action is inhibition of the production of lysyl hydroxylases (LHs), which modify and cross-link proteins by converting lysine to hydroxylysine, making collagen more resistant to degradation. Minoxidil, as an LH inhibitor, has been shown to potentially benefit wound healing and regeneration in vitro by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. To date, direct studies of the efficacy of minoxidil in treating acne scars have not been conducted; however, its inhibitory effects on fibroblast function and antifibrotic outcomes in some in vivo studies suggest that such use may be considered.
{"title":"Acne Scar Management: Minoxidil as a Promising Approach or a Mirage?","authors":"Ramadan Hussein, S. Dayel","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_ra5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_ra5","url":null,"abstract":"Atrophic and hypertrophic scars can result from various conditions, such as acne, trauma, and surgery. Minoxidil, a medication used for the treatment of severe hypertension and hair loss, has been explored as a potential treatment for scars. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence regarding the role of minoxidil in the treatment of scars. Previously published reviews have primarily focused on the use of minoxidil in hair loss and have only briefly mentioned its potential use for scars. However, minoxidil may have a beneficial effect as an antifibrotic agent. Several studies have reported reduced collagen accumulation and fibrosis after treatment with minoxidil. The proposed mechanism of action is inhibition of the production of lysyl hydroxylases (LHs), which modify and cross-link proteins by converting lysine to hydroxylysine, making collagen more resistant to degradation. Minoxidil, as an LH inhibitor, has been shown to potentially benefit wound healing and regeneration in vitro by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts. To date, direct studies of the efficacy of minoxidil in treating acne scars have not been conducted; however, its inhibitory effects on fibroblast function and antifibrotic outcomes in some in vivo studies suggest that such use may be considered.","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42625374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.21103/article13(3)_oa14
Ilirjana Loxhaj, Sanije Hoxha-Gashi, S. Petrovska, S. Loxha
Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the world’s second most common bacterial infection, behind respiratory tract infections, affecting people of all ages worldwide. It is the most common bacterial infection among females. The present study aimed to determine the local bacterial species distribution of UTI isolates between males and females in the Peja region. Methods and Results: This cohort longitudinal, prospective-retrospective study was conducted in the microbiological laboratories of Peja region, Kosovo. The research includes all urine samples tested for gram-negative bacteria during three years, 2018-2020. The comparison of male and female samples in terms of the type of bacteria isolated showed that the urinary infection in female patients was caused by E. coli, significantly more often than in male patients (86.31% vs. 62.87%, P=0.0000), while in the samples from male patients, Klebsiella spp. (12.05% vs. 3.68%, P=0.0000), P. aeruginosa (7.49% vs. 1.59%, P=0.0000), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.82% vs. 1.59%, P=0.0000), were detected significantly more often than female isolates. The prevalence of Proteus spp. was similar in male and female isolates (6.19% vs. 5.03%, P=0.3926). The results of the statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the resistance of E. coli to the analyzed antibiotics depending on the gender of the patients. E. coli showed significantly higher resistance in male patients than in female patients to 12 of the 13 antibiotics that were used: ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, cefalexin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ofloxacin, imipenem, piperacillin, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. In both genders, E. coli showed the lowest resistance to imipenem and the highest resistance to ampicillin. Conclusion: Not only does the prevalence of uropathogens gram-negative bacteria differ by gender (greater frequency among women) but their antibiotic resistance also differs by gender (higher resistance among male patients).
背景:尿路感染(UTI)是世界上第二常见的细菌感染，仅次于呼吸道感染，影响全世界所有年龄段的人群。这是女性中最常见的细菌感染。本研究旨在确定Peja地区男性和女性UTI分离株的本地细菌种类分布。方法和结果:该队列纵向、前瞻性-回顾性研究在科索沃佩贾地区的微生物实验室进行。该研究包括2018-2020年三年间检测革兰氏阴性细菌的所有尿液样本。男女尿路感染的细菌类型比较显示，女性患者尿路感染以大肠杆菌为主(86.31%比62.87%，P=0.0000)，男性患者尿路感染以克雷伯氏菌(12.05%比3.68%，P=0.0000)、铜绿假单胞菌(7.49%比1.59%，P=0.0000)、不动杆菌(7.82%比1.59%，P=0.0000)为主(P=0.0000)。雌雄分离株变形杆菌感染率相近(6.19% vs. 5.03%， P=0.3926)。统计分析结果显示，大肠杆菌对所分析抗生素的耐药性随患者性别的差异有统计学意义。在使用的13种抗生素中，男性患者大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、头孢氨苄、头孢呋辛、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、氧氟沙星、亚胺培南、哌拉西林、呋喃妥因、甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑等12种抗生素的耐药性明显高于女性患者。在两性中，大肠杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药性最低，对氨苄西林的耐药性最高。结论:尿路病原菌革兰氏阴性菌的患病率不仅因性别而异(女性较多)，而且其抗生素耐药性也因性别而异(男性较多)。
{"title":"Gender Differences on Prevalence of Uropathogens and Their Antimicrobial Resistance: Results from a Single-Center Study in Peja Region, Kosovo","authors":"Ilirjana Loxhaj, Sanije Hoxha-Gashi, S. Petrovska, S. Loxha","doi":"10.21103/article13(3)_oa14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21103/article13(3)_oa14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the world’s second most common bacterial infection, behind respiratory tract infections, affecting people of all ages worldwide. It is the most common bacterial infection among females. The present study aimed to determine the local bacterial species distribution of UTI isolates between males and females in the Peja region. Methods and Results: This cohort longitudinal, prospective-retrospective study was conducted in the microbiological laboratories of Peja region, Kosovo. The research includes all urine samples tested for gram-negative bacteria during three years, 2018-2020. The comparison of male and female samples in terms of the type of bacteria isolated showed that the urinary infection in female patients was caused by E. coli, significantly more often than in male patients (86.31% vs. 62.87%, P=0.0000), while in the samples from male patients, Klebsiella spp. (12.05% vs. 3.68%, P=0.0000), P. aeruginosa (7.49% vs. 1.59%, P=0.0000), and Acinetobacter spp. (7.82% vs. 1.59%, P=0.0000), were detected significantly more often than female isolates. The prevalence of Proteus spp. was similar in male and female isolates (6.19% vs. 5.03%, P=0.3926). The results of the statistical analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the resistance of E. coli to the analyzed antibiotics depending on the gender of the patients. E. coli showed significantly higher resistance in male patients than in female patients to 12 of the 13 antibiotics that were used: ampicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, cefalexin, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ofloxacin, imipenem, piperacillin, nitrofurantoin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. In both genders, E. coli showed the lowest resistance to imipenem and the highest resistance to ampicillin. Conclusion: Not only does the prevalence of uropathogens gram-negative bacteria differ by gender (greater frequency among women) but their antibiotic resistance also differs by gender (higher resistance among male patients).","PeriodicalId":53991,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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