Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906907
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906892
Erin Keating
Abstract: Examining a wide range of literary attacks against London coffeehouses during the Restoration period, I argue that, far from embracing the democratizing elements of the coffeehouse, this literature reveals the ways that writers pushed back against the popularity of these new public spaces. My argument demonstrates the complex modes of gatekeeping revealed by the many attacks on these emerging publics that were being used to police the boundaries of traditional privileges and uphold dominant ideologies around status and, in the process, to empty the early coffeehouses of participants. These attacks were based in ideologies of gender, race, and status and were intimately tied to cultural anxieties about the free flow of certain types of information, often but not always political in nature. While critical and historical discussions of the early coffeehouses in England tend to focus on their links to the rising public sphere and the growth of participatory politics and public opinion in England, I argue that focusing on the literary attacks against the early coffeehouses demonstrates the complex resistances to and attempts at gatekeeping against these political changes that characterized the coffeehouses' early introduction into Restoration London.
{"title":"Masculinity and Gatekeeping in Depictions of the Restoration Coffeehouse","authors":"Erin Keating","doi":"10.1353/ecy.2023.a906892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecy.2023.a906892","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Examining a wide range of literary attacks against London coffeehouses during the Restoration period, I argue that, far from embracing the democratizing elements of the coffeehouse, this literature reveals the ways that writers pushed back against the popularity of these new public spaces. My argument demonstrates the complex modes of gatekeeping revealed by the many attacks on these emerging publics that were being used to police the boundaries of traditional privileges and uphold dominant ideologies around status and, in the process, to empty the early coffeehouses of participants. These attacks were based in ideologies of gender, race, and status and were intimately tied to cultural anxieties about the free flow of certain types of information, often but not always political in nature. While critical and historical discussions of the early coffeehouses in England tend to focus on their links to the rising public sphere and the growth of participatory politics and public opinion in England, I argue that focusing on the literary attacks against the early coffeehouses demonstrates the complex resistances to and attempts at gatekeeping against these political changes that characterized the coffeehouses' early introduction into Restoration London.","PeriodicalId":54033,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-THEORY AND INTERPRETATION","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135304565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906895
Rachael Scarborough King
Abstract: A review of Trevor Ross's Writing in Public: Literature and the Liberty of the Press in Eighteenth-Century Britain , a book about legal changes regarding free speech and the press in the long eighteenth century and their effect on the concept of literature.
{"title":"Speaking Freely, Writing Poetically: Law and Literature in Eighteenth-Century Free Speech Debates","authors":"Rachael Scarborough King","doi":"10.1353/ecy.2023.a906895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecy.2023.a906895","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A review of Trevor Ross's Writing in Public: Literature and the Liberty of the Press in Eighteenth-Century Britain , a book about legal changes regarding free speech and the press in the long eighteenth century and their effect on the concept of literature.","PeriodicalId":54033,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-THEORY AND INTERPRETATION","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135304572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906897
Amit S. Yahav
Abstract: A review of Michael Genovese's The Problem of Profit: Finance and Feeling in Eighteenth-Century British Literature .
摘要:评述迈克尔·吉诺维斯的《利润问题:18世纪英国文学中的金融与情感》。
{"title":"Feeling Profit at the Cusp of Modern Capitalism","authors":"Amit S. Yahav","doi":"10.1353/ecy.2023.a906897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecy.2023.a906897","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A review of Michael Genovese's The Problem of Profit: Finance and Feeling in Eighteenth-Century British Literature .","PeriodicalId":54033,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-THEORY AND INTERPRETATION","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135305421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906906
Travis Chi Wing Lau
Abstract: This essay turns to William Buchan's Domestic Medicine (1769) to consider how this popular manual modeled a form of accessible health education for the wider public. Published well before public health became a professionalized field, Buchan's book of practical health advice invited its readers to take ownership of their own health but also to better understand the often inaccessible practice of medicine. This essay considers how Buchan's investment in "laying medicine more open to mankind" might offer ways to intervene in the long-standing problems of scientific distrust and medical resistance intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"\"Laying Medicine More Open to Mankind\": Public Health and Accessibility","authors":"Travis Chi Wing Lau","doi":"10.1353/ecy.2023.a906906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecy.2023.a906906","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This essay turns to William Buchan's Domestic Medicine (1769) to consider how this popular manual modeled a form of accessible health education for the wider public. Published well before public health became a professionalized field, Buchan's book of practical health advice invited its readers to take ownership of their own health but also to better understand the often inaccessible practice of medicine. This essay considers how Buchan's investment in \"laying medicine more open to mankind\" might offer ways to intervene in the long-standing problems of scientific distrust and medical resistance intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":54033,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-THEORY AND INTERPRETATION","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135304562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906890
Charles Michael Pawluk
Abstract: This essay argues that the tropology of the Punch and Judy show and the commedia dell'arte found in Behn's play The Emperor of the Moon (1687) provides a key to the strange murders that appear at the end of The History of the Nun (1688), her intermedial translation of narrative technique and the tradition of physical comedy underscoring my reading of these murders as comic instead of tragic. Though we may not laugh at these scenes, Behn's comic treatment of violence functions as a rhetorical means to critique eighteenth-century British conceptions of "gendered" violence. By coding the final events of The History of the Nun in the same way as the farce of her previous drama, Behn is arguing less for the reader to understand Isabella's actions than to understand that a system that produces the shame she feels—and a system that would accept similarly violent behavior from a man as intrepid—is something to be laughed at and ridiculed.
摘要:本文认为，本恩戏剧《月亮皇帝》(1687)中《潘趣与朱迪》(Punch and Judy)的隐喻和艺术喜剧为《修女史》(1688)结尾出现的奇怪谋杀提供了一个关键，她对叙事技巧的中间翻译和身体喜剧的传统强调了我对这些谋杀的喜剧而不是悲剧的理解。虽然我们可能不会对这些场景发笑，但贝恩对暴力的喜剧处理作为一种修辞手段，批判了18世纪英国“性别”暴力的概念。通过将《修女史》的最后事件编码成与她之前戏剧中的闹剧相同的方式，贝恩认为读者不应该去理解伊莎贝拉的行为，而应该去理解一个让她感到羞耻的系统——一个将类似的暴力行为从一个男人那里接受为勇敢的系统——是值得嘲笑和嘲笑的。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906901
Kathleen Tamayo Alves
Abstract: As specialists of the artifacts of the age of empire, eighteenth-century scholars are distinctively positioned and privileged to interrogate the enduring conception (and misconceptions) of the Enlightenment. Written in the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, "Scholarship in a Time of Crisis" takes up this ethical responsibility by engaging with the direct present-day consequences of systemic violence rooted in the eighteenth century, made more explicit during the capitalist strain of the pandemic. Together, through lived experience and expertise, these contributors look beyond the canon to find future-oriented modes of reparation imagined by the thinkers of this time.
{"title":"Introduction: Scholarship in a Time of Crisis","authors":"Kathleen Tamayo Alves","doi":"10.1353/ecy.2023.a906901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ecy.2023.a906901","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: As specialists of the artifacts of the age of empire, eighteenth-century scholars are distinctively positioned and privileged to interrogate the enduring conception (and misconceptions) of the Enlightenment. Written in the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020, \"Scholarship in a Time of Crisis\" takes up this ethical responsibility by engaging with the direct present-day consequences of systemic violence rooted in the eighteenth century, made more explicit during the capitalist strain of the pandemic. Together, through lived experience and expertise, these contributors look beyond the canon to find future-oriented modes of reparation imagined by the thinkers of this time.","PeriodicalId":54033,"journal":{"name":"EIGHTEENTH CENTURY-THEORY AND INTERPRETATION","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135304568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906886
Yasser Shams Khan
Abstract: This paper explores certain fundamental aspects of melodramatic theatricality used to depict the colonial world on the London stage at the turn of the century. As melodrama was a hybrid of comedy, tragedy, pantomime, and sentimentalism, the juxtaposition of a variety of these compositional strategies opens up the interpretation of John Fawcett's successful pantomime Obi; or Three-Fingered Jack (1800) and its later 1830 melodramatic adaptation by William Murray. As examples of racial melodramas, these plays disrupt the otherwise conventional moral polarity typical of melodramas by situating archetypal melodramatic characters in a morally ambiguous, theatrically conceptualized colonial space. Stage apparatus and performance were but two aspects of melodramatic theatricality that were deployed to recreate the colonial world. The basic argument in this paper explores the contrary pulls within these plays. On the one hand, the spectators' cathartic celebration of the rebels' expulsion at the end of the play entrenches their identification with British imperial ideology by arousing collective feelings of patriotism, thus consolidating the national identity of spectators as British imperialists. On the other hand, the visuals and the music that depict the colonial social order of a slave colony and the heroic feats of the rebel slave opened up a space of possible critique of British imperial ventures. These contrary drives within the melodramatic form are reformulated in terms of a "psychic compromise" in which the act of rebellion is endorsed for its dramatic potential to arouse fantasies of heroic revolt but is ultimately compromised in a larger ideological frame that celebrates the empire and the reconstitution of colonial order. This paper offers insights into the popular cultural perception of the empire, obliquely illuminating the larger historical processes of empire building during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906887
Aaron R. Hanlon
Abstract: Joseph Priestley is often credited with the invention of the timeline for representing past lives and events, mainly in the Chart of Biography (1765) and Chart of History (1769). These efforts place Priestley squarely within the history of data visualization. This article argues that we should also consider Priestley's Chart of Biography as part of the history of biography or life writing, particularly because Priestley's A Description of a Chart of Biography , a written account of the Chart 's purpose and methodology, accompanied the Chart itself. Toward that end, this article tracks the similarities between the epistemological and methodological aims of biographers such as Samuel Johnson and those of Priestley in his effort to represent lives "without the intervention of words," as he put it. In so doing, this article also identifies Priestley's contributions to the long history of the concept of data, from seventeenth- and eighteenth-century usages of the term to the formation of the modern "data subject," the representation of a person as an aggregation of available data about them.
摘要:约瑟夫·普里斯特利(Joseph Priestley)经常被认为是用时间线来表示过去生活和事件的发明，主要是在1765年的《传记图》(Chart of Biography)和1769年的《历史图》(Chart of History)中。这些努力将Priestley完全置于数据可视化的历史中。本文认为，我们也应该将普里斯特利的《传记图表》视为传记或生平写作史的一部分，特别是因为普里斯特利的《传记图表描述》(A Description of A Chart of Biography)是对该图表的目的和方法的书面说明，与该图表本身一起出现。为了达到这个目的，本文追踪了塞缪尔·约翰逊等传记作家在认识论和方法论上的目标与普里斯特利的相似之处，正如他所说的那样，普里斯特利试图“不受文字干预”地表现生活。通过这样做，本文还确定了Priestley对数据概念悠久历史的贡献，从17世纪和18世纪的术语用法到现代“数据主体”的形成，将一个人表示为关于他们的可用数据的集合。
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Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1353/ecy.2023.a906893
Collin Cook
Abstract: Focusing on Love in Excess and Lasselia , this article reads Eliza Haywood's depictions of passionate intensity in relation to the current embrace of affected bodies in both Haywood studies and interdisciplinary research. However, I argue that, rather than clarifying the relations among the passions, the body, and the self, Haywood's figurations of embodiment disclose new epistemological frustrations for the embodied subject. But those frustrations, I suggest, are ultimately the generative aspect of Haywood's project. By encouraging us to think with her about how the language of embodiment challenges understandings of the self, the affects, and sovereignty, Haywood also challenges us to formulate a new, more flexible vocabulary to describe the baffling entanglements among ourselves, each other, and our world.
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