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Power production from wave-induced oscillations of a submerged plate 水下板块由波浪引起的振荡所产生的能量
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.23.00009
Yongbo Chen, Masoud Hayatdavoodi, Binbin Zhao, R. Cengiz Ertekin
This paper investigates power production from a submerged wave energy device in shallow water. The energy device consists of a fully submerged, horizontal plate, which is restricted to vertical motions only. The plate undergoes vertical oscillations due to the wave-induced loads. Oscillations of the submerged plate are converted into electricity by use of a direct-drive power take-off (PTO) system. The plate oscillations are controlled by use of a spring and the damping effect of the PTO. Interaction of non-linear shallow-water waves with the submerged plate is studied by coupling the Green–Naghdi equations for the fluid motion with the equation of the vertical motion of the horizontal plate. Particular attention is given to the power production from the oscillations of the plate through the direct-drive PTO system, and its impact on the overall performance of the device under various wave conditions. Optimised configuration of the PTO for a given wave–plate condition is achieved by performing a parametric study over a range of involved variables. It is found that the proposed wave energy device with a direct-drive PTO has very good energy production efficiency and that it is a suitable concept for power production from the ocean waves.
本文研究了浅水潜波能装置的发电问题。能量装置由一个完全浸没的水平板组成,该板仅受垂直运动的限制。由于波浪荷载的作用,板体会产生垂直振动。通过使用直接驱动动力起飞(PTO)系统,水下板的振荡被转换成电能。利用弹簧和PTO的阻尼效应控制板的振荡。通过将流体运动的Green-Naghdi方程与水平板的垂直运动方程耦合,研究了非线性浅水波浪与淹没板的相互作用。特别关注的是通过直接驱动PTO系统从板的振荡产生的功率,以及它在各种波条件下对设备整体性能的影响。在给定波片条件下,PTO的优化配置是通过对一系列相关变量进行参数化研究来实现的。结果表明,采用直接驱动PTO的波浪能装置具有很好的产能效率,是一种适合海浪发电的概念。
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引用次数: 0
A multi-objective design tool for decarbonising buildings at the concept stage 一个多目标的设计工具,在概念阶段脱碳的建筑
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.23.00005
Daniel Chauhan, Shane Orme, Serena Gugliotta, Zachariah Wynne, Alex Black-Roberts, Diego Padilla Philipps
To enable the move to carbon-neutral building structures with net-zero operation requires a step change in how buildings are designed. Modern buildings are designed by multidisciplinary design teams each of which has competing performance objectives. Daisy is a flexible performance-based parametric design tool which harnesses computational design workflows to enable designer-led multi-objective optimisation, allowing for the design of buildings which simultaneously achieve high performance across multiple performance objectives. A case study of designs for a 63-storey commercial building is presented that demonstrates how early design space analysis facilitates better-performing buildings across architectural and engineering performance metrics and the potential of multi-objective optimisation for enabling the move towards carbon-neutral building structures. Beyond building structures, the design methodology established for Daisy can be applied to a broad range of civil engineering optimisation problems using a flexible and accessible design space formulation that can be adapted for project-specific design requirements. Designs generated using the Daisy methodology demonstrated that by increasing the spatial daylight autonomy of the benchmark building by 14.7%, the building can be moved from the 10% of designs with the highest energy use intensity to lower than 97% of other simulated designs. However, this design change significantly increases the building embodied carbon, with the new design having a building embodied carbon which is higher than 90% of other buildings simulated. Alternatively, by reducing the spatial daylight autonomy by 32.8%, the design can have an energy use intensity which is lower than 75% of other simulated designs, with a 4.4% reduction in energy use intensity, and a building embodied carbon which is lower than 60% of other simulated designs, enabling a 1.3% reduction in building embodied carbon.
为了实现零净运行的碳中和建筑结构,需要逐步改变建筑的设计方式。现代建筑是由多学科设计团队设计的,每个团队都有相互竞争的性能目标。Daisy是一个灵活的基于性能的参数化设计工具,它利用计算设计工作流使设计师主导的多目标优化成为可能,允许建筑设计同时实现跨多个性能目标的高性能。本文以一座63层商业建筑的设计为例,展示了早期设计空间分析如何促进建筑和工程性能指标的更好表现,以及多目标优化的潜力,以实现向碳中和建筑结构的转变。除了建筑结构,为Daisy建立的设计方法可以应用于广泛的土木工程优化问题,使用灵活和可访问的设计空间公式,可以适应项目特定的设计要求。使用Daisy方法生成的设计表明,通过将基准建筑的空间日光自主性提高14.7%,建筑可以从最高能源使用强度设计的10%移动到低于其他模拟设计的97%。然而,这种设计变化显著增加了建筑隐含碳,新设计的建筑隐含碳高于90%的其他建筑模拟。或者,通过将空间日光自主性降低32.8%,该设计的能源使用强度低于其他模拟设计的75%,能源使用强度降低4.4%,建筑隐含碳低于其他模拟设计的60%,从而使建筑隐含碳减少1.3%。
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引用次数: 0
Multiphysics analysis of tramway geotechnical infrastructure: numerical modeling 电车轨道岩土基础设施的多物理场分析:数值模拟
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-24 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.22.00044
Nadia Yalaoui, H. Trouzine, M. Meghachou, B. Abbès, S. Mamoune
Under realistic field conditions, geotechnical infrastructures are usually influenced by complex interactions of mechanical behavior under the action of an internal water flow. This mechanism could be the main origin of damage to embankments. This study develops a new hydromechanical approach based on Darcy's law model and Biot's poroelastic concept to investigate the behavior of soil with and without Geotextile under realistic conditions. The problem's numerical solution is carried out using a finite element method. The proposed 2D model was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics Software. Under coupled hydro-mechanical behavior, the stress in porous materials causes a volumetric change in strain, which causes fluid diffusion. Consequently, pore pressure dissipates through the pores. To discuss the advantages of coupled hydro-mechanical modeling and evaluate the Geotextile performance, volumetric strain, pore water pressure, storage, and displacement are compared for a mechanical, hydraulic, and hydromechanical model. These analyses were undertaken in connection with a tramway embankment project in a marshy area in Sidi Bel Abbes. The simulation results show better results for Geotextile and embankment in hydro-mechanical coupled modeling.
在实际的现场条件下,岩土基础设施通常受到内部水流作用下复杂的力学行为相互作用的影响。这种机制可能是堤防受损的主要原因。本文基于达西定律模型和Biot的孔隙弹性概念,提出了一种新的流体力学方法来研究实际条件下有土工布和无土工布的土的行为。采用有限元法对该问题进行了数值求解。在COMSOL Multiphysics软件中实现了所提出的二维模型。在耦合流体力学行为下,多孔材料中的应力引起应变的体积变化,从而引起流体扩散。因此,孔隙压力通过孔隙消散。为了讨论耦合水力学建模的优点并评估土工布的性能,对机械、水力和水力学模型的体积应变、孔隙水压力、存储和位移进行了比较。这些分析是与Sidi Bel Abbes沼泽地区的有轨电车路堤项目有关。仿真结果表明,土工布与路堤的水-力耦合建模效果较好。
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引用次数: 0
Vibration control of adjacent buildings based on tuned viscous mass dampers under seismic excitation 地震激励下基于调谐粘性质量阻尼器的相邻建筑振动控制
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.22.00047
Xiaofang Kang, Shuai Li, Jun Hu, Guanghui Xia, Yi Cai, Jun Zheng, Jiaxin Luo, Guoliang Liu, Shancheng Lei, Xinqi Wang, Qiwen Huang, Mengjun Han
In this paper, two adjacent buildings of unequal height are established using finite element software, and damping devices are connected between the two buildings. The results of three models were obtained through nonlinear analysis. These include the adjacent building model (CAIM-T) based on the tuned viscous mass damper (TVMD), the adjacent building model (CAIM-V) with the viscous damper connection (CAIM-V) and adjacent building structure no additional damping model (CAIM). The results show that through reasonable parameter design and adjustment, compared with the CAIM system, the CAIM-T system and the CAIM-V system can weaken the interlayer drift and floor acceleration of the building structure, and the CAIM-T system has better vibration control effect than the CAIM-V system.
本文采用有限元软件建立了相邻的两个不等高的建筑物,并在两个建筑物之间连接了阻尼装置。通过非线性分析得到了三种模型的结果。其中包括基于调谐粘性质量阻尼器(TVMD)的相邻建筑模型(cam - t)、带有粘性阻尼器连接的相邻建筑模型(cam - v)和相邻建筑结构无附加阻尼模型(CAIM)。结果表明:通过合理的参数设计和调整,与CAIM系统相比,CAIM- t系统和CAIM- v系统能减弱建筑结构的层间漂移和楼板加速度,且CAIM- t系统比CAIM- v系统具有更好的减振效果。
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引用次数: 0
In-plane dynamics of circular cell hexagonally packaged honeycombs with linear elastic and plastic base material with linear strain hardening in two principal axes 线弹性基材和双主轴线性应变硬化塑性基材圆孔六角形蜂窝的面内动力学
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.21.00018
D. Sun, Yu-jin Sun, Yali Xu, Haotian Luo, Lu Chang, Qian Du, Guozhi Li
The in-plane deformation modes, stress–strain curves and energy absorption characteristics of circular cell hexagonally packaged honeycombs with the linear elastic and plastic base material with linear strain hardening are numerically investigated under crushing velocities 1–250 m/s in two principal axes. Three deformation modes are observed, quasi-static homogeneous mode, transition mode, and dynamic mode. The empirical formulas of critical velocities of deformation mode transition are given. With increasing crushing velocities, the fluctuation of stress becomes more violent in the plateau stress phase of stress–strain curve, which can be seen at low crushing velocities in x2 direction, but doesn't appear in x1 direction at low and even moderate crushing velocities. The densification strain is linear with the t/R ratio for a given crushing velocity, and becomes larger with the increasing velocities approximately in linear relationship under a deformation mode for a given t/R ratio. The law of mean plateau stress is consistent with the one-dimensional shock wave model and the static plateau stress is proportional to the square of relative density. Based on finite element results, three types of empirical expressions of mean plateau stress are given. Crushing force efficiency is approximately independent of t/R ratio and sensitive to the crushing velocity. The crushing force efficiency is nearly constant under quasi-static homogeneous mode, becomes smaller with increasing velocities under transition mode, and then drops and fluctuates up and down around a level under dynamic mode, which corresponds to the shapes of stress–strain curves.
在1 ~ 250 m/s两主轴破碎速度下,采用线弹性基材和线性应变硬化基材对圆单元六角形包装蜂窝进行了面内变形模式、应力-应变曲线和能量吸收特性的数值研究。观察到三种变形模式:准静态均匀模式、过渡模式和动态模式。给出了变形模态过渡临界速度的经验公式。随着破碎速度的增加,应力-应变曲线的高原应力阶段应力波动更加剧烈,在低破碎速度下,在x2方向上可以看到这种波动,而在低甚至中等破碎速度下,在x1方向上不出现这种波动。在一定的破碎速度下,致密化应变与t/R比呈线性关系,在一定t/R比的变形模式下,致密化应变随破碎速度的增加呈近似线性关系。高原平均应力的变化规律与一维激波模型一致,高原静态应力与相对密度的平方成正比。在有限元结果的基础上,给出了三种平台平均应力的经验表达式。破碎力效率与t/R比无关,对破碎速度敏感。在准静态均匀模式下,破碎力效率基本恒定,在过渡模式下,随着速度的增加,破碎力效率逐渐减小,在动态模式下,破碎力效率在一个水平附近上下波动,与应力-应变曲线的形状相对应。
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引用次数: 0
A new fast method for solving finite element equations iteratively based on Gauss-Seidel 基于Gauss-Seidel的有限元方程迭代快速求解新方法
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.22.00017
B. A. Haleem, I. E. El Aghoury, B. Tork, H. El-Arabaty
Solving large equations systems is the most consuming part of finite element modeling – iterative techniques are favored for models with numerous degrees of freedom where direct techniques have high storage requirements. Classical iterative techniques such as Gauss-Seidel (GS) are robust due to guaranteed convergence and algorithmic simplicity. Performance of iterative techniques chiefly depends on system scale and stiffness matrix properties – which are influenced by structural configuration. However, it is possible to adjust an iterative algorithm such that its speed is greatly enhanced for a certain class of structural configurations. This paper presents an adjusted GS solver, the “Constrained Gauss-Seidel” (CGS), which has been formulated to solve typical multi-story structures with enhanced speed. The innovation in CGS comes from the adoption of a diaphragmatic relaxation mechanism which results in dividing the equations into two groups to optimally deal with the different unknown types. In this paper, the concept and algorithm of the newly developed CGS method are elucidated. Then, 16 practical examples are solved to assess the solving speed of CGS against other iterative methods – GS and Modified Gauss-Seidel (MGS, MGS*). The convergence speed of CGS reached 33 times, 3.7 times, and 2 times those of GS, MGS, and MGS* respectively.
求解大型方程组是有限元建模中最耗时的部分,迭代技术适用于具有多个自由度的模型,而直接技术对存储要求高。经典迭代技术如高斯-塞德尔(GS)由于保证收敛性和算法简单而具有鲁棒性。迭代技术的性能主要取决于系统规模和刚度矩阵的特性,而这些特性又受结构构型的影响。然而,有可能调整迭代算法,使其速度对某类结构构型大大提高。为了提高求解典型多层结构的速度,本文提出了一种调整后的高斯-赛德尔(Constrained Gauss-Seidel, CGS)求解器。CGS的创新之处在于采用了横膈膜松弛机制,将方程分为两组,以最优地处理不同的未知类型。本文阐述了新开发的CGS方法的概念和算法。然后,通过16个实际算例,比较了CGS算法与其他迭代方法(GS和Modified Gauss-Seidel (MGS, MGS*))的求解速度。CGS的收敛速度分别是GS、MGS和MGS*的33倍、3.7倍和2倍。
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引用次数: 0
Corner problem for the boundary integral method 拐角问题为边界积分法
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-05-25 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.22.00046
R. J. Sobey
A review of existing approaches to the accommodation of discontinuous corners in the boundary integral method highlights difficulties with corner-adjacent panel integration. An extended Laplace corner wedge is introduced to resolve these impediments, based on a bi-cubic approximation to the corner and corner-adjacent nodes. Numerical experiments demonstrate the excellent precision of the methodology.
对现有的边界积分方法中对不连续角的容错方法进行了回顾,强调了角相邻面板积分的困难。引入了一个扩展的拉普拉斯角楔来解决这些障碍,基于对角节点和角相邻节点的双三次近似。数值实验证明了该方法具有良好的精度。
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引用次数: 0
Award-winning papers in 2021 2021年获奖论文
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.2023.176.1.48
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引用次数: 0
Engineering and Computational Mechanics: Referees 2022 工程与计算力学:裁判员2022
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.2023.176.1.49
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引用次数: 0
Vortex-induced vibration analysis of submerged floating tunnel tension legs 沉水浮式隧道张力腿涡激振动分析
IF 1.1 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1680/jencm.21.00025
Z. Su, Shengnan Sun, Yushuo Lu, Yulong Pan
Considering the influence of axial and transverse vibration of tension leg of submerged floating tunnel, the non-linear vibration equation of tension leg under the action of vortex-induced excitation is derived and solved numerically by Galerkin method and Runge-Kutta method. The results show that the vibration amplitude and frequency of tension leg under the action of vortex-induced excitation are related to the natural frequency of tension leg, Due to water damping, the vortex-induced vibration response of tension leg in submerged floating tunnel is lower than that of the tension leg in air; the shorter the length of tension leg is, the higher the current velocity needed to produce vortex-induced resonance is; the larger the initial tension of tension leg is, the faster the current velocity needed to generate vortex-induced resonance is; the transverse pulse force increases with the increase of initial tension and the outer diameter of tension leg, and with the length of tension leg increase and decrease.
考虑沉水浮式隧道张拉腿轴向和横向振动的影响,推导了涡激作用下张拉腿的非线性振动方程,并采用伽辽金法和龙格-库塔法进行了数值求解。结果表明:在涡激激励作用下,张力腿的振动幅值和频率与张力腿的固有频率有关,由于水的阻尼作用,水下浮式隧道中张力腿的涡激振动响应低于空气中的张力腿;张力腿长度越短,产生涡激共振所需的电流速度越高;张力腿初始张力越大,产生涡激共振所需的电流速度越快;横向脉冲力随初始张力和张力腿外径的增大而增大,随张力腿长度的增大和减小而增大。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Engineering and Computational Mechanics
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