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Impact of Leadership Style and Demographic Profile on Accounting Student Performance – The Case of Academic Administrators and Faculty Members in the Philippines 领导风格和人口结构对会计学学生表现的影响——以菲律宾学术管理人员和教员为例
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.7
J. Cha, James Calleja, Patrick Giorgio Mendoza, Jose Luis Yupangco, Rodiel C. Ferrer
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to investigate how leadership styles and the demographic profiles of academic administrators and faculty members can influence the university students’ performance in the Board Licensure Examination for Certified Public Accountants (BLECPA). Design/Methodology/Approach: The leadership styles of the academic administrators and faculty members are measured through the Bass model. Data are collected from 94 academic administrators and faculty members attached to 35 top performing colleges/universities in the 2017’s BLECPA. Research findings: The results suggest that the leadership styles and the demographic profiles of the academic administrators affect the students’ performance in the BLECPA. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study extends on the existing literature by providing empirical evidence which highlight the relationship between academic leadership styles and universities’ performance in the BLECPA. This outcome focusses on universities in and outside of Manila. This study uses a more sophisticated estimation technique to address the limitations of the classical linear regression model (CLRM). Moreover, this study evaluates leadership by incorporating both the administrators and the faculty members’ leadership styles. In that regard, this study differs from existing studies which had focused on a single source of leadership. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings of this study inform universities on how leadership style and the characteristics of academic administrators, and faculty members may influence universities’ performance. Policies can be formulated based on the findings of this paper, particularly those offering accountancy education for both the Philippines and the ASEAN region. Research limitation: This study does not take into account the differences of the organisational structure and the number of staff and students of the universities. Keywords: Bass Leadership Model, Demographic Profile, Student Performance, Higher Institution Education JEL Classification: M49
研究目的:本研究旨在探讨领导风格、学术管理人员和教职员工的人口统计特征如何影响大学生在注册会计师执照考试(BLECPA)中的表现。设计/方法/途径:学术管理人员和教职员工的领导风格通过巴斯模型来衡量。数据收集自2017年BLECPA中35所表现最好的学院/大学的94名学术管理人员和教职员工。研究发现:研究结果表明,学术管理人员的领导风格和人口统计特征影响学生在BLECPA中的表现。理论贡献/独创性:本研究在现有文献的基础上进行了扩展,提供了实证证据,突出了学术领导风格与大学在BLECPA中的表现之间的关系。这一结果主要集中在马尼拉内外的大学。本研究使用更复杂的估计技术来解决经典线性回归模型(CLRM)的局限性。此外,本研究以行政管理人员和教职员的领导风格来评估领导能力。在这方面,这项研究不同于现有的研究,这些研究侧重于单一的领导来源。实践者/政策启示:本研究的发现为大学提供了关于领导风格、学术管理者和教职员工的特征如何影响大学绩效的信息。可以根据本文的研究结果制定政策,特别是那些为菲律宾和东盟地区提供会计教育的政策。研究局限:本研究未考虑大学组织结构和师生人数的差异。关键词:低音领导模型,人口统计资料,学生表现,高等院校教育JEL分类:M49
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引用次数: 2
Intellectual Structure and Scientific Evolution of Strategic Decision in the Field of Business and Management from 1971 to 2018 1971 - 2018年商业管理领域战略决策的智力结构与科学演变
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.9
Harry Patria, S. Wahyuni, R. Kusumastuti
Manuscript type: Review paper Research aims: This study aims to analyse the published works of strategic decision in business and management which have had the greatest impact and evolutionary scientific trend within the intellectual sphere. Drawing from the integrative perspective, this study attempts to: (i) investigate the intellectual structure of earlier works so as to analyse the evolution of strategic decisions; (ii) examine the evolutionary scientific trends, and (iii) identify some implications for future research in this area. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study generates its analysis based on the following bibliometric tools: (i) multidimensional data analysis using the Sankey Diagram, (ii) visual network and heat map analysis using the VOSviewer, and (3) strategic diagrams and evolution maps using the SciMAT. The methodology is based on the bibliometric technique of citation and co-citation analyses which are scientifically applied to a sample of 1,218 articles published in leading management and business journals over a period of 48 years, from 1971 to 2018. Research findings: The findings of this study plots the intellectual structure of the strategic decision as well as the evolutionary themes of the strategic decisions, for instance, decision-making and intuition (2000-2004), bounded rationality and uncertainty (2005-2009), decision support system and artificial intelligence (2010-2014), and decisionmaking and intuition (2015-2019). Overall, the results demonstrate the top scientific themes that were prevalent over a period of 48 years. The themes include: decision-making, intuition, rationality, behavioural economics, bounded rationality and investment decision. Theoretical contribution/Originality: These findings provide valuable insights which demarcate the evolution of strategic decision as viewed through the synoptic-incremental continuum of rationality, intuition and political decision process. This study also contributes to the emerging role of behavioural economics on the strategic decisionmaking process in business and management. The results also highlight the role of the incremental decision process as an intuitive and political decision that can be interactively enhanced by decisionmakers while under increased risk and uncertainty. Practitioner/Policy implications: The results of this study suggest that decision-makers need to pay attention towards building and developing the incremental process such as intuitive and political decision along with rationality so as to optimise the decision outcomes. Keywords: Strategic Decision, Decision-Making, Bibliometric Review, Business, Management, Intuition, Rationality JEL Classification: M10, Y3
研究目的:本研究旨在分析已发表的在商业和管理战略决策方面的著作,这些著作在知识领域内产生了最大的影响和进化的科学趋势。从综合视角出发,本研究试图:(i)研究早期著作的知识结构,以分析战略决策的演变;(ii)研究进化的科学趋势,(iii)确定对该领域未来研究的一些启示。设计/方法/方法:本研究基于以下文献计量工具进行分析:(i)使用Sankey Diagram进行多维数据分析,(ii)使用VOSviewer进行视觉网络和热图分析,(3)使用SciMAT进行战略图和演化图分析。该方法基于引用和共被引分析的文献计量学技术,该技术科学地应用于1971年至2018年48年间发表在主要管理和商业期刊上的1218篇文章样本。研究结果:本研究绘制了战略决策的智力结构,以及战略决策的演化主题,如决策与直觉(2000-2004)、有限理性与不确定性(2005-2009)、决策支持系统与人工智能(2010-2014)、决策与直觉(2015-2019)。总的来说,结果显示了在48年的时间里流行的最重要的科学主题。主题包括:决策,直觉,理性,行为经济学,有限理性和投资决策。理论贡献/独创性:这些发现提供了有价值的见解,通过理性、直觉和政治决策过程的整体增量连续体来划分战略决策的演变。这项研究还有助于行为经济学在商业和管理中的战略决策过程中的新兴作用。结果还强调了增量决策过程作为一种直觉和政治决策的作用,在风险和不确定性增加的情况下,决策者可以互动地增强这种决策过程。实践者/政策启示:本研究的结果表明决策者需要注意建立和发展增量过程,如直觉和政治决策以及理性,以优化决策结果。关键词:战略决策,决策,文献计量学回顾,商业,管理,直觉,理性JEL分类:M10, Y3
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引用次数: 12
Effect of the Trusted Taxpayer Designation on Corporate Tax Avoidance Behavior: Evidence from Korea 可信赖纳税人对企业避税行为的影响:来自韩国的证据
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.5
JungHwa Suh, H. Y. Lee, Arnold E. Kuk, H. Ryu
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study focuses on the efficacy of the trusted taxpayer system in Korea by examining whether firms designated as trusted taxpayers are more likely to pay taxes faithfully, and consistently when compared to firms that are not designated. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses the ordinary least squares (OLS) method, and specifically, the trusted taxpayer designation as an indicator of tax compliance while the book-tax difference (BTD), and the discretionary BTD are used as a measure of tax avoidance. Research findings: Results show that firms designated as trusted taxpayers are less likely to avoid taxes than firms not designated. Among firms that are designated as trusted taxpayers, it appears that firms with CEOs who come from founding families, firms that are non-SMEs (other than small and medium sized firms defined by the Small Business Act of Korea), and firms whose majority shareholder ownership is greater than the median, are less likely to avoid taxes.Theoretical contribution/Originality: To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to use a tax avoidance measure to examine the effect of the trusted taxpayer designation on corporate tax avoidance by comparing firms that are designated and firms that are not designated as trusted taxpayers. Practitioner/Policy implications: This study shows that firms designated as trusted taxpayers are less likely to avoid taxes than firms that are not designated. This implies that the current trusted taxpayer system implemented by the Korean tax authority is effective and should be promoted. Research limitations: The Korean tax authority announces the designation of trusted taxpayers separately for corporate businesses and self-employed businesses. The results of this study are confined to the data of corporate businesses only. Keywords: Book-Tax Difference, Discretionary BTD, Tax Authorities, Tax Avoidance, Trusted Taxpayers JEL Classification: H26
研究目的:本研究通过检查被指定为可信纳税人的公司与未被指定的公司相比,是否更有可能忠实和一致地纳税,从而关注韩国可信纳税人系统的有效性。设计/方法/方法:本研究采用普通最小二乘(OLS)方法,具体而言,将可信赖纳税人指定作为税收合规的指标,而将账面税差(BTD)和可自由支配的BTD作为避税的衡量标准。研究发现:结果表明,被指定为可信纳税人的公司比未被指定的公司更不可能避税。在被指定为“值得信赖的纳税人”的企业中,首席执行官(ceo)出身于创始家族的企业、非中小企业(除《中小企业法》规定的中小企业外)、大股东持股比例高于中位数的企业避税的可能性较低。理论贡献/独创性:据我们所知,本研究首次使用避税措施,通过比较被指定为可信纳税人的公司和未被指定为可信纳税人的公司,来检验被指定为可信纳税人对公司避税的影响。从业者/政策影响:本研究表明,被指定为可信纳税人的公司比未被指定的公司更不可能避税。这意味着,目前韩国税务当局实行的“信任纳税人制度”是有效的,应该得到推广。▽研究的局限性=韩国税务当局对法人和个体营业分别公布了信赖纳税人。本研究的结果仅局限于公司业务的数据。关键词:账面税差,可裁量税差,税务机关,避税,可信纳税人JEL分类:H26
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引用次数: 3
Offline Brand Outcomes of Instagram: Do Cognitive Network and Self-congruity Matter? Instagram的线下品牌成果:认知网络和自我一致性重要吗?
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.10
Goh Yee Shien
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to determine the extent to which consumers’ brand “Follows” are self-congruent due to their cognitive networks or the perception of their social network structure on Instagram. This study also examines if self-congruity results in positive offline brand outcomes when mediated by brand love. Design/Methodology/Approach: A total of 168 valid responses are collected and analysed. SPSS version 21 is used to measure the descriptive statistics and frequencies and the SMART PLS 3.0 is used as the structural model for hypothesis testing. Research findings: Results indicate that social tie strength significantly affects self-congruity while brand love is a significant mediator on the relationship between self-congruity and offline brand outcomes (brand loyalty and WoM). Of the three perceived homophily (attitude homophily, status homophily and morality homophily), findings show that morality homophily is the stronger predictor for social tie strength among consumers and their friends on Instagram. Theoretical implications: This study expands on previous literature by investigating the relationship between cognitive network influence, consumers’ self-congruity with “followed brand” and offline brand outcomes (brand love, brand loyalty and WoM), in the context of Instagram. Practitioner/Policy implications: The findings suggest that in order to target Instagram users that “follow” the brand, these brands must be categorised based on status and moral ties. Marketing intelligence and target market segmentations on Instagram can be performed by using tie-strength. Brands on Instagram should be defined based on customers’ orientation, i.e., by humanising the brand so as to create an emotional bond. Proxy measures of brand love can be used to predict repurchase intention and the likeliness of sharing through WoM. Research limitation/Implication: The homophily and social tie strength are measured based on consumers’ own perceptions with friends on Instagram. The small number of samples used may limit the generalisability of the findings. Keywords: Brand Love, Instagram, Loyalty, Self-congruity, Social Tie Strength, WoM JEL Classification: M31
研究目的:本研究旨在确定消费者的品牌“follow”在多大程度上是由于他们的认知网络或对他们在Instagram上的社交网络结构的感知而自我一致的。本研究还探讨了在品牌爱的介导下,自我一致性是否会导致积极的线下品牌结果。设计/方法/方法:共收集和分析了168份有效回复。使用SPSS version 21来测量描述性统计量和频率,使用SMART PLS 3.0作为结构模型进行假设检验。研究发现:社会纽带强度显著影响自我和谐,品牌爱在自我和谐与线下品牌结果(品牌忠诚和口碑)之间起显著中介作用。在三种被感知的同质性(态度同质性、地位同质性和道德同质性)中,研究结果表明,道德同质性是消费者及其Instagram上的朋友之间社会联系强度的更强预测因子。理论启示:本研究在以往文献的基础上,进一步探讨了Instagram背景下认知网络影响、消费者对“跟随品牌”的自我一致性与线下品牌结果(品牌爱、品牌忠诚和口碑)之间的关系。从业者/政策影响:研究结果表明,为了瞄准“关注”品牌的Instagram用户,必须根据地位和道德关系对这些品牌进行分类。在Instagram上的营销情报和目标市场细分可以通过使用捆绑强度来执行。Instagram上的品牌应该根据客户的定位来定义,即通过人性化的品牌来建立一种情感纽带。品牌喜爱的代理度量可以用来预测通过口碑分享的再购买意愿和可能性。研究限制/启示:同质性和社会联系强度是基于消费者自己对Instagram上朋友的看法来衡量的。使用的样本数量少可能限制了研究结果的普遍性。关键词:品牌爱,Instagram,忠诚,自我和谐,社会纽带强度,WoM JEL分类:M31
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引用次数: 3
Organisational Power, Cohesiveness and Culture of Taiwan’s Cosmetology Industry 台湾美容产业的组织力、凝聚力与文化
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.8
D. D. Kesa, Mingchang Wu, Chenju Ko
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to examine the influential paths and internal relationships of organisational power, organisational culture and organisational cohesiveness. Design/Methodology/Approach: The Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) is used to analyse the survey data collected from 222 practitioners who are from five cosmetology industries based in Taiwan. Research findings: This study reveals that: (1) both organisational power and organisational culture individually creates significant impacts on organisational cohesiveness, and (2) organisational culture plays an important role as a mediator between organisational power, and organisational cohesiveness.Theoretical contribution/Originality: This finding encourages the need for more positive organisational culture to be built to enhance organisational cohesiveness which contributes to the achievement and performance of both the individuals and the organisations at large.Practitioner/Policy implications: The interactive factors’ effect overwhelms the single-factor effect, where individuals develop their organisational cohesiveness, even if each single factor functions separately. In reality, organisational culture needs to be the first priority factor to be developed in a workplace so as to build cohesiveness. Research limitations/Implications: This study is conducted based on a fundamental assumption, hence the limitation lies in that the surveyed sample may or may not fully understand the question/ items provided in the questionnaire. This could affect the level of honest answers revealed through their perceptions. Future studies may consider taking the qualitative approach. Keywords: Cosmetology Industry, Organisational Power, Organisational Culture, Organisational Cohesiveness JEL Classification: L66, L2, D91
手稿类型:研究论文研究目的:本研究旨在考察组织权力、组织文化和组织凝聚力的影响路径和内部关系。设计/方法/方法:力矩结构分析(AMOS)用于分析从台湾五个美容行业的222名从业者收集的调查数据。研究结果:本研究表明:(1)组织权力和组织文化个体都对组织凝聚力产生了显著影响;(2)组织文化在组织权力与组织凝聚力之间发挥着重要的中介作用。理论贡献/独创性:这一发现鼓励建立更积极的组织文化,以增强组织凝聚力,这有助于个人和整个组织的成就和表现。从业者/政策含义:互动因素的影响压倒了单一因素的影响,即个人发展其组织凝聚力,即使每个单一因素单独发挥作用。事实上,为了建立凝聚力,组织文化需要成为工作场所发展的首要因素。研究局限性/影响:这项研究是基于一个基本假设进行的,因此局限性在于被调查的样本可能完全理解问卷中提供的问题/项目,也可能不完全理解。这可能会影响通过他们的感知所揭示的诚实答案的水平。未来的研究可能会考虑采用定性方法。关键词:美容行业,组织力量,组织文化,组织凝聚力JEL分类:L66,L2,D91
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引用次数: 3
Common Risk Factors in Stock Returns in the MENA Region 中东和北非地区股票收益的共同风险因素
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.2
R. Abadi, F. Silva
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This paper examines risk factors comprising size, value, profitability, investment, momentum and illiquidity to see if they are relevant for the stock markets in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Design/Methodology/Approach: Stock market data, from January 2007 to December 2015, are used to construct the risk factors for the stock market in the MENA region. The single factor models and the multifactor models are used to explain the constructed portfolios’ excess returns. Research findings: Findings show that the risk factors of size, value and profitability are the most important to be applied in asset pricing models within the MENA region. In addition, most of the models analysed in this study are unable to perfectly capture the average excess returns of the datasets, with the seven-factor model performing better than the other competing models. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This paper is possibly one of the first to construct and apply the above-mentioned risk factors in the MENA markets. It further proposes using two additional risk factors, such as momentum and illiquidity, within the Fama and French’s three-factor and five-factor models so as to examine the stock markets of the MENA region. Other researchers before have not made this proposition. Practitioner/Policy implication: The findings raise the awareness that additional and important factors must be considered by investors in the emerging financial markets when they want to diversify the risks so as to achieve higher excess returns. Research limitation/Implications: This study also has some drawbacks in that the dataset period is short while the analysis comprises different markets with different levels of development, thereby affecting some degree of generalisability. Keywords: CAPM, Factor Models, Illiquidity Factor, MENA Market JEL Classification: G12
研究目的:本文考察了风险因素,包括规模,价值,盈利能力,投资,动力和非流动性,看看它们是否与中东和北非(MENA)地区的股票市场相关。设计/方法/方法:使用2007年1月至2015年12月的股票市场数据来构建中东和北非地区股票市场的风险因素。用单因素模型和多因素模型来解释构建的投资组合的超额收益。研究发现:研究结果表明,规模、价值和盈利能力这三个风险因素在中东和北非地区的资产定价模型中最为重要。此外,本研究分析的大多数模型都无法完美地捕捉数据集的平均超额收益,七因素模型的表现优于其他竞争模型。理论贡献/独创性:本文可能是最早将上述风险因素构建并应用于中东和北非市场的论文之一。它进一步建议在Fama和French的三因素和五因素模型中使用两个额外的风险因素,如动量和非流动性,以检查中东和北非地区的股票市场。其他研究人员之前没有提出过这个命题。从业者/政策启示:研究结果提高了新兴金融市场投资者在分散风险以获得更高超额回报时必须考虑其他重要因素的意识。研究局限/启示:本研究还存在数据周期较短,分析对象是不同发展水平的不同市场的不足,影响了一定的通用性。关键词:CAPM,因子模型,非流动性因子,中东和北非市场JEL分类:G12
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引用次数: 3
Information Asymmetry and Signalling in Emerging IPO Markets: The Case of Malaysia 新兴IPO市场的信息不对称与信号传导:以马来西亚为例
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.1
Ali Albada, Othman Yong, Ruzita Abdul-Rahim, Mohd. Ezani Mat Hassan
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study examines the effect of information asymmetry on the relationship between the signalling variables and the initial returns of IPO. The signalling variables examined include lock-up period, underwriter reputation, auditor reputation, and board reputation. This study also examines the ability of signalling variables in reducing information asymmetry (the average first ten days of Bid/Ask spread is used as proxy for information asymmetry) around listing firm’s issues. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study employs cross-sectional regression model to examine the influencing effect of information asymmetry on the relationship between signalling variables and initial returns of IPOs, and to investigate which of the signals are able to reduce the level of information asymmetry surrounding the listing firm’s issues in the Malaysian IPO market. The study sample consists of 393 IPOs listed on Bursa Malaysia between January 2000 and December 2015. Research findings: The results show that the effect of signalling variables is more pronounced on the initial performance of IPOs when in an environment of high information asymmetry. Evidence also indicates that board reputation is able to reduce the under-pricing cost borne by listing firms by lowering the level of information asymmetry regarding the listing firm’s issues. Underwriter reputation is able to reduce the level of information asymmetry regarding listing firm’s issues, but unable to influence the initial returns of IPOs. Further, auditor reputation is able to reduce the under-pricing cost, but unable to reduce the level of information asymmetry regarding the listing firm’s issues. Finally, lock-up period is unable to reduce the level of information asymmetry as well as under-pricing with regards to the listing firm’s issues. Theoretical contribution/Originality: The effect of information asymmetry on the relationship between signalling variables and initial returns, and the effect of signalling variables on information asymmetry remains unexplored in the Malaysian IPO market. This gap is addressed by the current study. Practitioner/Policy implication: The findings imply that underwriter reputation, auditor reputation, and board member reputation are important for determining the initial returns of the IPOs. They are also important for reducing the level of information asymmetry surrounding the listing firm’s issues. Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that information regarding these signals be disclosed completely to investors since current disclosure practices in Malaysia only embed fragmented information. Research limitation/Implications: In the present study, the Bid/ Ask spread is used as proxy for information asymmetry. Future studies should consider other indicators such as the heterogeneity of investors’ opinion on the true value of the listing firm’s issues. This is because the fixed price method provides no opportunity for prospect
论文类型:研究目的:本研究探讨信息不对称对信号变量与IPO初始收益之间关系的影响。所研究的信号变量包括禁售期、承销商声誉、审计师声誉和董事会声誉。本研究还考察了信号变量在减少上市公司问题的信息不对称(平均前十天的买卖价差被用作信息不对称的代理)方面的能力。设计/方法/方法:本研究采用横截面回归模型,检验信息不对称对信号变量与IPO初始收益之间关系的影响作用,并探讨哪些信号能够降低马来西亚IPO市场中上市公司问题的信息不对称水平。研究样本包括2000年1月至2015年12月期间在马来西亚证交所上市的393家公司。研究发现:研究结果表明,在信息高度不对称的环境下,信号变量对ipo初始绩效的影响更为显著。证据还表明,董事会声誉能够通过降低上市公司问题的信息不对称水平来降低上市公司承担的定价过低成本。承销商声誉能够降低上市公司发行信息不对称的程度,但不能影响ipo的初始收益。此外,审计师声誉能够降低低定价成本,但不能降低与上市公司问题有关的信息不对称水平。最后,锁定期不能降低信息不对称的程度,也不能降低上市公司发行的低定价。理论贡献/独创性:信息不对称对信号变量与初始收益关系的影响,以及信号变量对信息不对称的影响,在马来西亚IPO市场仍未被探索。目前的研究解决了这一差距。从业者/政策启示:研究结果表明,承销商声誉、审计师声誉和董事会成员声誉对决定ipo的初始回报很重要。它们对于降低围绕上市公司问题的信息不对称水平也很重要。因此,建议将有关这些信号的信息完全披露给投资者是合理的,因为马来西亚目前的披露做法只嵌入了碎片化的信息。研究局限/启示:在本研究中,买卖价差被用作信息不对称的代理。未来的研究应考虑其他指标,如投资者对上市公司的问题的真实价值的意见的异质性。这是因为固定价格法没有为潜在投资者提供机会,让他们反思自己对ipo发行价格的预期和信念。因此,与簿记法等其他定价机制相比,固定价格发行将在投资者之间产生更大的意见分歧。关键词:信息不对称,初始收益,马来西亚IPO市场,信号JEL分类:D53, D82, G11, G02, G24, N25
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引用次数: 6
Influence of Family Ownership on Earnings Quality 家族所有权对盈余质量的影响
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.22452/ajba.vol12no2.3
Sang Ho Kim, Y. An
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This paper investigates how family ownership affects firm’s earnings quality. The focus is on firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE). Design/Methodology/Approach: This study uses panel data to classify family ownership into two categories: pure family ownership and ownership-control disparity (wedge) where wedge is further divided into 1) wedge ratio and 2) wedge multiplier. In addressing the category of ownership-control disparity, it is important to measure how much control rights are greater than ownership rights. Therefore, this study employs the wedge multiplier to overcome the limitation of not separating management control and ownership. Firms’ earnings quality is tested by using four proxies proposed by Jonas and Blanchet (2000): 1) persistence, 2) value relevance, 3) conservatism, and 4) accruals quality. Research findings: This research finds family ownership to be positively associated with earnings quality, value-relevance and accruals quality. However, ownership-control disparity does not reduce the earnings quality. This finding is not consistent with previous studies. Thus, it is deduced that the controlling family shareholders of the chaebol firms have a dominant influence on firms which they invested in by using affiliated ownership. Significant ownership-control disparity is prevalent in chaebol firms, resulting in low earnings quality. Theoretical contribution/Originality: Family ownership is predominant in a number of countries, especially in East-Asian countries. In that regard, this study is important. It contributes to the understanding of family ownerships and firms’ earnings quality not only for the Korean contexts, but also for other East Asian countries. Research limitation/Implications: The four proxies of earnings quality used in this study do not necessarily reflect all aspects of the earnings quality. In this study, the results between family ownership and earnings quality are mixed. The results based on the association between corporate governance and earnings quality could be attributed to the way earnings quality is defined. The management of the chaebol firms or large business groups should try to improve transparency and the quality of their financial reporting.Keywords: Chaebol, Earnings Quality, Family Ownership, Panel Data, Wedge JEL Classification: G32, G34, M41
论文类型:研究目的:研究家族所有权对企业盈余质量的影响。重点是在韩国证券交易所上市的企业。设计/方法/方法:本研究使用面板数据将家族所有权分为两类:纯家族所有权和所有权-控制权差异(楔形),其中楔形进一步分为1)楔形比和2)楔形乘数。在解决所有权-控制权差异的范畴时,重要的是衡量控制权比所有权大多少。因此,本研究采用楔形乘数来克服未将经营权与所有权分离的局限性。公司盈余质量通过Jonas和Blanchet(2000)提出的四个代理来检验:1)持久性,2)价值相关性,3)稳健性,4)应计项目质量。研究发现:本研究发现家族所有权与盈余质量、价值相关性和应计项目质量呈正相关。然而,所有权和控制权的差异并没有降低盈余质量。这一发现与之前的研究不一致。由此推断,财阀企业的控股家族股东通过关联所有权对其投资的企业具有支配性影响。财阀企业中普遍存在显著的所有权控制差异,导致盈利质量较低。理论贡献/独创性:家族所有制在许多国家占主导地位,特别是在东亚国家。在这方面,这项研究很重要。它有助于理解家族所有权和企业盈余质量,不仅适用于韩国,也适用于其他东亚国家。研究局限/启示:本研究中使用的四个盈余质量指标并不一定反映盈余质量的所有方面。在本研究中,家族所有权与盈余质量之间的结果好坏参半。基于公司治理与盈余质量之间关联的结果可以归因于盈余质量的定义方式。财阀或大企业集团的管理层应该努力提高财务报告的透明度和质量。关键词:财阀,盈余质量,家族所有权,面板数据,Wedge JEL分类:G32, G34, M41
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引用次数: 5
Factors Affecting the Need to have Accounting Technical Competence, Professional Skills and Professional Values, Ethics, and Attitudes – The Case of Thailand 影响会计技术能力、专业技能和专业价值观、道德和态度的因素——以泰国为例
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.22452/AJBA.VOL12NO1.3
Naruanard Sarapaivanich, Worraphan Trakarnsirinonta, Suvanna Laohavisudhi, Tanikan Viriyachinkarn
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This study aims to examine the factors affecting accounting professionals’ essential skills as specified by the International Education Standards (IESs). Design/Methodology/Approach: The antecedent factors are drawn from Aldefer’s (1969) theory of existence, relatedness and growth needs (ERG). A mixed method approach involving auditors, standard setters and faculty members is employed in this study. Research findings: The results suggest that accounting professional skills are motivated by the growth and relatedness needs. The findings further reveal that the length of accounting training experience and the students’ intention to work in accounting fields, after graduation, are key factors which enhance their accounting technical competence. Theoretical contributions/Originality: This study contributes to the emergent interest in this field by focussing on how the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) members like Thailand, responds to the needs of the IES. The ERG theory could be adapted in understanding the factors affecting the development of accounting technical competence, professional skills and professional values, ethics and attitudes. Practitioner/Policy implications: The ERG theory assists managers in recognising that if growth opportunities are not furnished to employees, they may regress to relatedness needs. The findings thus suggest that in order to develop students’ accounting technical skills (IES2), the academic institutions should encourage students to participate in accounting training programmes as a part of the course curriculum. The results further indicate that accounting professional skills (IES3) can be enhanced if they get acceptance from their superiors and co-workers. Research limitations: The samples of this paper comprise accounting students from northern Thailand. Only three International Education Standards (IESs) which are implemented in Thailand are examined. Keywords: Accounting Technical Competence, Professional Skills, Professional Values, Ethics and Attitudes JEL Classification: M41, M48
手稿类型:研究论文研究目的:本研究旨在考察影响国际教育标准(IES)规定的会计专业人员基本技能的因素。设计/方法论/方法:先行因素来源于Aldfer(1969)的存在、关联和成长需求理论。本研究采用了一种包括审计师、标准制定者和教员的混合方法。研究发现:研究结果表明,会计专业技能的动机是成长和关联需求。研究结果进一步表明,会计培训经验的长度和学生毕业后从事会计工作的意愿是提高其会计技术能力的关键因素。理论贡献/独创性:本研究通过关注泰国等东盟经济共同体(AEC)成员国如何应对IES的需求,促进了人们对该领域的兴趣。ERG理论可以用于理解影响会计技术能力、职业技能和职业价值观、道德和态度发展的因素。从业者/政策含义:ERG理论有助于管理者认识到,如果没有为员工提供成长机会,他们可能会回归到相关需求。因此,研究结果表明,为了培养学生的会计技术技能,学术机构应鼓励学生参加会计培训计划,将其作为课程的一部分。研究结果进一步表明,如果得到上级和同事的认可,会计专业技能(IES3)可以得到提高。研究局限性:本文的样本包括来自泰国北部的会计专业学生。只审查了在泰国实施的三项国际教育标准。关键词:会计技术能力、职业技能、职业价值观、道德态度JEL分类:M41、M48
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引用次数: 3
Effect of Financial Information and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure on Investment Decision: Evidence from an Experimental Study 财务信息和企业社会责任披露对投资决策的影响:来自实验的证据
IF 0.9 Q4 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2019-06-27 DOI: 10.22452/AJBA.VOL12NO1.5
Hijroh Rokhayati, E. Nahartyo, Haryono H
Manuscript type: Research paper Research aims: This research is based on an experiment which is conducted to examine the effects of financial information and corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on investment decision. Design/Methodology/Approach: The research employs the laboratory experiment design which involves 45 graduate students as subjects. The independent variable, financial information, is manipulated by favourable and unfavourable financial information while the CSR disclosure is manipulated by prevention focus and promotion focus. The dependent variable, investment decision, is manipulated by using the 10-point Likert scale. Subjects are randomly assigned to one of four treatments (favourable or unfavourable financial information and promotion focus or prevention focus of CSR disclosure). Research findings: The results show that CSR disclosure affects investment decision. The results also show that subjects decide on greater investments when the CSR disclosure is with a prevention focus. Theoretical contribution/Originality: By investigating the effect of financial information and CSR disclosure on investment decision, this research has effectively used the CSR disclosure strategy to determine investment decision. This research contributes to extant literature by highlighting that CSR disclosure based on regulatory focus can be more effective for investment decision, especially when it has a prevention focus. This persuades investors to make their investment decision. Practitioner/Policy implication: The findings of the current research show that investors make greater investments in financial information and CSR disclosure with a prevention focus. The findings of this research will encourage firms to disclose their CSR activities by taking into consideration the situational aspects, based on the prevention focus that emphasises on avoiding social and environmental negative effects. Research limitation/Implications: This research only examines the situational focus of regulation on investment decision. Future research can examine the effect of chronic regulatory focus on investors. Keywords: Financial Information, Corporate Social Responsibility, Regulatory Focus Theory, Experimental Design, Investment Decision JEL Classification: M41
论文类型:研究论文研究目的:本研究通过实验考察财务信息披露和企业社会责任披露对投资决策的影响。设计/方法/方法:本研究采用实验室实验设计,以45名研究生为研究对象。自变量财务信息受有利财务信息和不利财务信息的操纵,社会责任披露受预防重点和促进重点的操纵。因变量,投资决策,是通过使用10分李克特量表操纵的。受试者被随机分配到四种处理(有利或不利的财务信息和促进或预防CSR披露的重点)中的一种。研究发现:企业社会责任信息披露影响企业的投资决策。结果还表明,当企业社会责任披露以预防为重点时,被调查者决定加大投资力度。理论贡献/独创性:本研究通过考察财务信息和企业社会责任披露对投资决策的影响,有效地利用企业社会责任披露策略来决定投资决策。本研究对现有文献的贡献在于强调了基于监管焦点的企业社会责任披露对投资决策更有效,特别是当它具有预防焦点时。这会说服投资者做出投资决定。从业者/政策启示:目前的研究结果表明,投资者在财务信息和企业社会责任披露方面的投资更多,并以预防为重点。本研究的结果将鼓励企业在强调避免社会和环境负面影响的预防重点的基础上,通过考虑情境方面来披露其企业社会责任活动。研究局限/启示:本研究仅考察了监管对投资决策的情境关注。未来的研究可以检验长期监管对投资者的影响。关键词:财务信息、企业社会责任、监管焦点理论、实验设计、投资决策
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Asian Journal of Business and Accounting
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