Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_159_21
V. Koshy, K. Patel, Deep Yadav, P. Saxena, R. George, Vandana Gangadharan, G. Koshy
Background and Aim: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest has been the conventionally accepted modality of radiological investigation utilized in the evaluation and management of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The aim of this study was to compare the utilization of lung ultrasound (LUS) as a radiological modality versus HRCT scan of the chest, in the diagnosis of cases of ILD in autoimmune connective tissue disease (AICTD) patients at a tertiary care center in Northern India. Methods: In this descriptive study, 42 consecutive diagnosed cases of AICTD with clinical risk of ILD were included, between July 2016 and March 2019, attending the rheumatology outpatient department of CH WC. They were assessed with lung ultrasonography and HRCT chest. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of LUS were estimated considering HRCT as the reference method. Results: Of these 42 patients, 30 (71.4%) had abnormal LUS findings. HRCT findings suggestive of ILD were seen in 31 (73.8%). Considering HRCT as gold standard, LUS resulted in 01 false-positive and 02 false-negative results. Sensitivity and specificity of LUS with respect to HRCT were 93.55% and 90.91%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of LUS were calculated at 89.38% and 94.51%, respectively. In 91.6% (11/12) patients with nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis pattern on HRCT, B-lines were found to be numerous and compact (<3 mm distance between B lines). On the other hand, compact B lines were seen in only 21.1% (4/19) cases showing HRCT patterns suggestive of usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP)/likely UIP, with a significant difference between the two (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: LUS is as nearly sensitive and specific as HRCT chest in the detection of ILD and has the distinct advantage of being without radiation exposure.
{"title":"Descriptive study of the role of ultrasound in the evaluation of patients with interstitial lung disease associated with autoimmune connective tissue disorders","authors":"V. Koshy, K. Patel, Deep Yadav, P. Saxena, R. George, Vandana Gangadharan, G. Koshy","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_159_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_159_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest has been the conventionally accepted modality of radiological investigation utilized in the evaluation and management of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The aim of this study was to compare the utilization of lung ultrasound (LUS) as a radiological modality versus HRCT scan of the chest, in the diagnosis of cases of ILD in autoimmune connective tissue disease (AICTD) patients at a tertiary care center in Northern India. Methods: In this descriptive study, 42 consecutive diagnosed cases of AICTD with clinical risk of ILD were included, between July 2016 and March 2019, attending the rheumatology outpatient department of CH WC. They were assessed with lung ultrasonography and HRCT chest. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of LUS were estimated considering HRCT as the reference method. Results: Of these 42 patients, 30 (71.4%) had abnormal LUS findings. HRCT findings suggestive of ILD were seen in 31 (73.8%). Considering HRCT as gold standard, LUS resulted in 01 false-positive and 02 false-negative results. Sensitivity and specificity of LUS with respect to HRCT were 93.55% and 90.91%, respectively. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of LUS were calculated at 89.38% and 94.51%, respectively. In 91.6% (11/12) patients with nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis pattern on HRCT, B-lines were found to be numerous and compact (<3 mm distance between B lines). On the other hand, compact B lines were seen in only 21.1% (4/19) cases showing HRCT patterns suggestive of usual interstitial pneumonitis (UIP)/likely UIP, with a significant difference between the two (P = 0.0002). Conclusions: LUS is as nearly sensitive and specific as HRCT chest in the detection of ILD and has the distinct advantage of being without radiation exposure.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"18 1","pages":"48 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49120164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There are concerns over the reliability and comprehensibility of health-related information on Internet. The goal of our research was to analyze at the readability, reliability, and quality of information obtained from websites associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the term “Sjogren's Syndrome” was used to perform a search on Google, and 75 eligible websites were identified on September 15, 2021. The Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning Fog (GFOG) were used to evaluate the readability of the website. The Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) score was used to assess the websites' reliability, the DISCERN score, the Health on the Net Foundation code of conduct (HONcode) was used to assess quality, and Alexa was used to analyze their popularity. Results: The results revealed that the mean FRES was 42.25 ± 17.11 (difficult), and the mean GFOG was 14.80 ± 3.56 years (very difficult). According to the JAMA scores, 24% of the websites had a high-reliability rating and 26.7% adhered to the HONcode. The readability was found to significantly differ from the reliability of the websites (P < 0.001). Moreover, websites with scientific content were found to have higher readability and reliability scores (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The readability of SS-related information on the Internet was found to be considerably higher than that recommended by the National Health Institute's Grade 6, with moderate reliability and fair quality. We believe that online information should have some level of readability and must have reliable content that is appropriate to educate the public, particularly for websites that provide with patient education material.
{"title":"Evaluating the readability, quality, and reliability of online information on sjogren's syndrome","authors":"E. Ozduran, V. Hancı","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_56_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_56_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There are concerns over the reliability and comprehensibility of health-related information on Internet. The goal of our research was to analyze at the readability, reliability, and quality of information obtained from websites associated with Sjogren's syndrome (SS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the term “Sjogren's Syndrome” was used to perform a search on Google, and 75 eligible websites were identified on September 15, 2021. The Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, and Gunning Fog (GFOG) were used to evaluate the readability of the website. The Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) score was used to assess the websites' reliability, the DISCERN score, the Health on the Net Foundation code of conduct (HONcode) was used to assess quality, and Alexa was used to analyze their popularity. Results: The results revealed that the mean FRES was 42.25 ± 17.11 (difficult), and the mean GFOG was 14.80 ± 3.56 years (very difficult). According to the JAMA scores, 24% of the websites had a high-reliability rating and 26.7% adhered to the HONcode. The readability was found to significantly differ from the reliability of the websites (P < 0.001). Moreover, websites with scientific content were found to have higher readability and reliability scores (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The readability of SS-related information on the Internet was found to be considerably higher than that recommended by the National Health Institute's Grade 6, with moderate reliability and fair quality. We believe that online information should have some level of readability and must have reliable content that is appropriate to educate the public, particularly for websites that provide with patient education material.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"18 1","pages":"16 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43493459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_108_22
Debaditya Roy, Susmita H. Rakshit, A. Pasha, A. Patil
A 25-year-old male developed progressively increasing bilateral temporal headache and swelling in his left temporal region. No other cranial, visual, or other vascular symptoms or physical signs were noted. The evaluation revealed normal routine laboratory parameters and inflammatory markers. Immunological and viral markers' workup was also normal. However, ultrasonography with color Doppler revealed focal areas of dilatation and narrowing with homogenous, hypoechoic wall thickening toward the luminal side of the frontal branch of the left temporal artery, both in longitudinal and transverse planes. Surrounding areas showed minimal inflammatory changes which were further reconfirmed by computed tomography. Left temporal artery biopsy showed thickening of the tunica media and adventitia with the fragmentation of the internal elastic membrane. Moderate lymphocytic, neutrophilic, and histiocytic infiltrations were seen in intima and media. No necrosis or giant cells were seen. A diagnosis of temporal arteritis (TA) was, thus, made. Treatment was initiated with oral prednisolone 30 mg/day and later on maintained on oral methotrexate 15 mg/week (with folate supplementation). The patient achieved symptom relief and no further relapses. TA is typically considered a disease in middle-aged and older patients. It is exceedingly rare in patients who are below 50 years of age with only a few patients reported over the past few decades. Our case-based review highlights and explores the literature that TA in young may have features such as normal inflammatory markers and minimal constitutional features and more of a focal, localized vasculitic presentation which distinguishes it from its elderly counterpart.
{"title":"A rare case of temporal arteritis in a young Indian male","authors":"Debaditya Roy, Susmita H. Rakshit, A. Pasha, A. Patil","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_108_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_108_22","url":null,"abstract":"A 25-year-old male developed progressively increasing bilateral temporal headache and swelling in his left temporal region. No other cranial, visual, or other vascular symptoms or physical signs were noted. The evaluation revealed normal routine laboratory parameters and inflammatory markers. Immunological and viral markers' workup was also normal. However, ultrasonography with color Doppler revealed focal areas of dilatation and narrowing with homogenous, hypoechoic wall thickening toward the luminal side of the frontal branch of the left temporal artery, both in longitudinal and transverse planes. Surrounding areas showed minimal inflammatory changes which were further reconfirmed by computed tomography. Left temporal artery biopsy showed thickening of the tunica media and adventitia with the fragmentation of the internal elastic membrane. Moderate lymphocytic, neutrophilic, and histiocytic infiltrations were seen in intima and media. No necrosis or giant cells were seen. A diagnosis of temporal arteritis (TA) was, thus, made. Treatment was initiated with oral prednisolone 30 mg/day and later on maintained on oral methotrexate 15 mg/week (with folate supplementation). The patient achieved symptom relief and no further relapses. TA is typically considered a disease in middle-aged and older patients. It is exceedingly rare in patients who are below 50 years of age with only a few patients reported over the past few decades. Our case-based review highlights and explores the literature that TA in young may have features such as normal inflammatory markers and minimal constitutional features and more of a focal, localized vasculitic presentation which distinguishes it from its elderly counterpart.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"18 1","pages":"81 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44256141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_168_21
Yasser Elmotaleb Gazar, H. Hamoud, S. Ismail
Introduction: Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a high titer of anti-U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles and a number of clinical pictures, mainly Raynaud's phenomenon. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for patients with different connective tissue diseases that permit detection of local microvascular changes that correlate with systemic vascular involvement. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to compare the results of NFC in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and MCTD to determine the chief characteristics of skin microangiopathy in early MCTD and attempt to describe a characteristic MCTD pattern in Egyptian patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included forty patients diagnosed with MCTD according to Alarcón-Segovia and Villareal criteria and twenty patients with confirmed systemic sclerosis according to the American College of Rheumatology and the European League against Rheumatism classification criteria for Systemic Sclerosis. Nailfold examination for the study subjects was performed describing architectural derangement, capillary density changes, mega capillary and enlarged loops, microhemorrhages, and angiogenesis. Results: Of the sixty patients studied, 49 (81.7%) patients were females and 11 were males with a mean age of 31 years with a median of 29.5 and range 16–52 years. Three of the twenty patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis had arthritis. Out of sixty patients, 53.3% had thickened skin, 19 patients exhibited puffy fingers, six patients showed rash, and none had swollen joints. The skin was significantly thicker in systemic sclerosis patients (85%) compared to 37.5% in the MCTD population. Patients presented with various features, the most common of which was fatigue (26.7%) and myositis (23% of patients). There is a significant negative correlation of −0.508 (P = 0.022) between the enlargement scores and illness duration in systemic sclerosis patients. Those patients also exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation of 0.520 (P = 0.019) between hemorrhage score and the number of tender joints. Alternatively, patients diagnosed with MCTD exhibited a significant positive correlation between the architectural changes scores of their joints and both the duration of their illness (0.347; P = 0.028) and the number of swollen joints (0.424; P = 0.006). MCTD patients also showed a significant correlation of 0.423 (P = 0.007) between their hemorrhage scores and their age at the time of the study. Conclusion: In this study, the results obtained were qualitatively satisfactory for clear delineation of the nailfold capillaries features in MCTD. Therefore, it aids in the recognition of alternations in nailfold capillaries making an early prediction of course of illness in MCTD patients possible and suggests a potential ability to differentiate from early SSc, thus helps in preventing morbidities and sequelae of the disea
{"title":"Nailfold Capillaroscopy in Early Stages of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease in a Sample of Egyptian Patients","authors":"Yasser Elmotaleb Gazar, H. Hamoud, S. Ismail","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_168_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_168_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease with a high titer of anti-U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles and a number of clinical pictures, mainly Raynaud's phenomenon. Nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) is a noninvasive diagnostic tool for patients with different connective tissue diseases that permit detection of local microvascular changes that correlate with systemic vascular involvement. Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to compare the results of NFC in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and MCTD to determine the chief characteristics of skin microangiopathy in early MCTD and attempt to describe a characteristic MCTD pattern in Egyptian patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study included forty patients diagnosed with MCTD according to Alarcón-Segovia and Villareal criteria and twenty patients with confirmed systemic sclerosis according to the American College of Rheumatology and the European League against Rheumatism classification criteria for Systemic Sclerosis. Nailfold examination for the study subjects was performed describing architectural derangement, capillary density changes, mega capillary and enlarged loops, microhemorrhages, and angiogenesis. Results: Of the sixty patients studied, 49 (81.7%) patients were females and 11 were males with a mean age of 31 years with a median of 29.5 and range 16–52 years. Three of the twenty patients diagnosed with systemic sclerosis had arthritis. Out of sixty patients, 53.3% had thickened skin, 19 patients exhibited puffy fingers, six patients showed rash, and none had swollen joints. The skin was significantly thicker in systemic sclerosis patients (85%) compared to 37.5% in the MCTD population. Patients presented with various features, the most common of which was fatigue (26.7%) and myositis (23% of patients). There is a significant negative correlation of −0.508 (P = 0.022) between the enlargement scores and illness duration in systemic sclerosis patients. Those patients also exhibited a statistically significant positive correlation of 0.520 (P = 0.019) between hemorrhage score and the number of tender joints. Alternatively, patients diagnosed with MCTD exhibited a significant positive correlation between the architectural changes scores of their joints and both the duration of their illness (0.347; P = 0.028) and the number of swollen joints (0.424; P = 0.006). MCTD patients also showed a significant correlation of 0.423 (P = 0.007) between their hemorrhage scores and their age at the time of the study. Conclusion: In this study, the results obtained were qualitatively satisfactory for clear delineation of the nailfold capillaries features in MCTD. Therefore, it aids in the recognition of alternations in nailfold capillaries making an early prediction of course of illness in MCTD patients possible and suggests a potential ability to differentiate from early SSc, thus helps in preventing morbidities and sequelae of the disea","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"18 1","pages":"61 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44281958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_248_21
Vikas Gupta, A. Kashyap, Akashdeep Singh
Background: Antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies against aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases, most common being anti-Jo1 antibody. It is an under-recognized entity with a significant delay in diagnosis, both due to lack of awareness of this condition and presentation as “incomplete” form more often than the complete form, characterized by the presence of triad of interstitial lung disease (ILD), myositis, and arthritis. We aimed to study the clinical spectrum and outcomes of anti-Jo1 antibody-positive ASSD at a single tertiary care referral hospital in North India. Methods: Anti-Jo1 positive ASSD patients diagnosed according to the Connors et al. criteria were included in this observational study conducted over 3 years by the departments of Rheumatology and Pulmonary Medicine at a single tertiary care hospital in North India. Results: The clinical spectrum and treatment outcomes of 17 patients diagnosed with anti-Jo1 positive ASSD were studied. Only 2 of the 17 patients presented with the “complete” form at the onset. While 12 patients improved with treatment with steroids and immunosuppressives (mycophenolate, azathioprine, or methotrexate), five patients died, four due to sepsis and one due to progressive lung disease. Conclusion: ASSD is an under-recognized disease, often presenting as an incomplete form rather than the classic triad of arthritis, ILD, and myositis. Infections are the major cause of death contributing to high mortality in Indian patients with ASSD.
{"title":"Clinical spectrum and outcomes of patients with anti-jo1 positive antisynthetase syndrome seen at a single tertiary care hospital in North India","authors":"Vikas Gupta, A. Kashyap, Akashdeep Singh","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_248_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_248_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Antisynthetase syndrome (ASSD) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies against aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases, most common being anti-Jo1 antibody. It is an under-recognized entity with a significant delay in diagnosis, both due to lack of awareness of this condition and presentation as “incomplete” form more often than the complete form, characterized by the presence of triad of interstitial lung disease (ILD), myositis, and arthritis. We aimed to study the clinical spectrum and outcomes of anti-Jo1 antibody-positive ASSD at a single tertiary care referral hospital in North India. Methods: Anti-Jo1 positive ASSD patients diagnosed according to the Connors et al. criteria were included in this observational study conducted over 3 years by the departments of Rheumatology and Pulmonary Medicine at a single tertiary care hospital in North India. Results: The clinical spectrum and treatment outcomes of 17 patients diagnosed with anti-Jo1 positive ASSD were studied. Only 2 of the 17 patients presented with the “complete” form at the onset. While 12 patients improved with treatment with steroids and immunosuppressives (mycophenolate, azathioprine, or methotrexate), five patients died, four due to sepsis and one due to progressive lung disease. Conclusion: ASSD is an under-recognized disease, often presenting as an incomplete form rather than the classic triad of arthritis, ILD, and myositis. Infections are the major cause of death contributing to high mortality in Indian patients with ASSD.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"18 1","pages":"40 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42099158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_341_20
Shaileja Yadav, Ashish Goel
The last 1 year has underscored the need of a robust global public health system like never before. Both the infection itself, and the measures taken to contain it, have forced us to adopt new ways of life. Measures taken by the Indian government ranged from initial advisories on social distancing and hand hygiene to a full-fledged nationwide lockdown. The lockdown disrupted all the routine health-care activities – right from the suspension of curative outpatient department (OPD) services to preventive immunization and antenatal care services; the entire system has been affected. The problem has been especially complex for older patients due to the fact that they are at a higher risk for infection by the virtue of their age and likely to have a more severe disease due to the presence of multiple comorbidities, including but not limited to the other pandemic of diabetes that we have been witnessing over the past few decades. Resuming a health-care service for older people requiring inperson visits for OPD consultation may not be a good enough option for them. Thus, we have two major issues with geriatric population – access and utilization of health-care services. While telemedicine has been widely employed to solve the problem of access; does it really solve the issue of utilization of health-care services by a scared geriatric patient who needs a caregiver, too? In this article, we explore the impact and some of these changes, telemedicine, and other potential solutions, focusing on the health care needs of older persons and the future discourse.
{"title":"Abbreviated health-care services for older persons during the COVID-19 pandemic – A wake-up call for a longer-term plan","authors":"Shaileja Yadav, Ashish Goel","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_341_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_341_20","url":null,"abstract":"The last 1 year has underscored the need of a robust global public health system like never before. Both the infection itself, and the measures taken to contain it, have forced us to adopt new ways of life. Measures taken by the Indian government ranged from initial advisories on social distancing and hand hygiene to a full-fledged nationwide lockdown. The lockdown disrupted all the routine health-care activities – right from the suspension of curative outpatient department (OPD) services to preventive immunization and antenatal care services; the entire system has been affected. The problem has been especially complex for older patients due to the fact that they are at a higher risk for infection by the virtue of their age and likely to have a more severe disease due to the presence of multiple comorbidities, including but not limited to the other pandemic of diabetes that we have been witnessing over the past few decades. Resuming a health-care service for older people requiring inperson visits for OPD consultation may not be a good enough option for them. Thus, we have two major issues with geriatric population – access and utilization of health-care services. While telemedicine has been widely employed to solve the problem of access; does it really solve the issue of utilization of health-care services by a scared geriatric patient who needs a caregiver, too? In this article, we explore the impact and some of these changes, telemedicine, and other potential solutions, focusing on the health care needs of older persons and the future discourse.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"372 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42562707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_148_21
I. Benlidayı
{"title":"Digital health practices in rheumatology","authors":"I. Benlidayı","doi":"10.4103/injr.injr_148_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/injr.injr_148_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"433 - 434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48301228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/0973-3698.364668
K. Talari, V. Ravindran
{"title":"Nuts and bolts of the publication process","authors":"K. Talari, V. Ravindran","doi":"10.4103/0973-3698.364668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-3698.364668","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"283 - 286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44123240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.4103/0973-3698.364670
S. Shankar, H. Arun
Many young researchers face extreme difficulties while writing scientific articles, and there is seldom any specific training imparted as a part of under and postgraduate curriculums toward the art of presenting research work in written format. Yet, the publication is considered essential toward career advancement and for obtaining academic qualifications. We herein discuss the basic steps to follow in writing a scientific article using the Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion format. The Introduction explains the scope and objective of the study in the light of current knowledge on the subject; the Materials and Methods describes how the study was conducted; the Results section reports what was found in the study; and the Discussion section explains the meaning and significance of the results and provides suggestions for future directions of research. We enumerate the main elements that should appear in these sections, and some pointers for making the overall result attractive and acceptable for publication. We also have placed special emphasis on the methods section (Finer nuances of data collections, Informed consent, steps to seek approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee and authorship directives as per IJCME guidelines), Results (How to highlight the results of the study using illustrations, charts, and legends, and Discussion section (“Structured approach” and the “Divide and rule” approach). A hastily written article with incorrect methodology remains the primary reason for rejection by the journal reviewers, and following the above directives would contribute toward obtaining a fruitful result.
{"title":"Writing Manuscripts Better: Part I (The introduction, methods, results, and discussion format)","authors":"S. Shankar, H. Arun","doi":"10.4103/0973-3698.364670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/0973-3698.364670","url":null,"abstract":"Many young researchers face extreme difficulties while writing scientific articles, and there is seldom any specific training imparted as a part of under and postgraduate curriculums toward the art of presenting research work in written format. Yet, the publication is considered essential toward career advancement and for obtaining academic qualifications. We herein discuss the basic steps to follow in writing a scientific article using the Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion format. The Introduction explains the scope and objective of the study in the light of current knowledge on the subject; the Materials and Methods describes how the study was conducted; the Results section reports what was found in the study; and the Discussion section explains the meaning and significance of the results and provides suggestions for future directions of research. We enumerate the main elements that should appear in these sections, and some pointers for making the overall result attractive and acceptable for publication. We also have placed special emphasis on the methods section (Finer nuances of data collections, Informed consent, steps to seek approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee and authorship directives as per IJCME guidelines), Results (How to highlight the results of the study using illustrations, charts, and legends, and Discussion section (“Structured approach” and the “Divide and rule” approach). A hastily written article with incorrect methodology remains the primary reason for rejection by the journal reviewers, and following the above directives would contribute toward obtaining a fruitful result.","PeriodicalId":54167,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Rheumatology","volume":"17 1","pages":"292 - 297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45020262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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