Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19885512
M. Geranmayeh, Z. Khakbazan, F. Azizi, A. Mehran
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of verbal and written feedback in clinical midwifery placement on students’ self-assessed performance and their self-assessment ability. This three-group quasi-experimental study was conducted on 120 students. Participants in the control group received clinical education through the routine method, while in the feedback groups received either verbal or written feedback methods on the basis of the sandwich feedback model. In the last day of clinical education, a checklist was simultaneously filled out by participants and a second instructor. There was significant direct correlation between the scores of performance assessment by both the second instructor and students in the control group (r = .38, p = .01), the verbal feedback group (r = .63, p < .001), and the written feedback group (r = .74, p < .001). The rates of student–instructor agreement in the control, verbal feedback, and written feedback groups were 32.5%, 70%, and 77.5%, respectively. Feedback is effective in significantly improving students’ self-assessment ability.
本研究旨在探讨临床助产实习中口头与书面反馈对学生自评成绩及自评能力的影响。本研究以120名学生为对象进行了三组准实验研究。对照组采用常规方法进行临床教育，反馈组采用以三明治反馈模型为基础的口头或书面反馈方法。在临床教育的最后一天，参与者和另一位讲师同时填写了一份检查表。第二指导员的成绩与对照组学生的成绩有显著的直接相关(r =。38, p = .01)，言语反馈组(r =。63, p < .001)，而书面反馈组(r =。74, p < 0.001)。在对照组、口头反馈组和书面反馈组中，学生与教师的满意率分别为32.5%、70%和77.5%。反馈能显著提高学生的自我评价能力。
{"title":"Effects of Feedback on Midwifery Students’ Self-Assessed Performance and Their Self-Assessment Ability: A Quasi-Experimental Study","authors":"M. Geranmayeh, Z. Khakbazan, F. Azizi, A. Mehran","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19885512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19885512","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the effects of verbal and written feedback in clinical midwifery placement on students’ self-assessed performance and their self-assessment ability. This three-group quasi-experimental study was conducted on 120 students. Participants in the control group received clinical education through the routine method, while in the feedback groups received either verbal or written feedback methods on the basis of the sandwich feedback model. In the last day of clinical education, a checklist was simultaneously filled out by participants and a second instructor. There was significant direct correlation between the scores of performance assessment by both the second instructor and students in the control group (r = .38, p = .01), the verbal feedback group (r = .63, p < .001), and the written feedback group (r = .74, p < .001). The rates of student–instructor agreement in the control, verbal feedback, and written feedback groups were 32.5%, 70%, and 77.5%, respectively. Feedback is effective in significantly improving students’ self-assessment ability.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"299 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19885512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47517796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-19DOI: 10.1177/0272684x20933514
Yordanos Yibeltal Yedemie,
Richard Nelson-Jones was born in London in 1936. Having spent five years in California as a Second World War refugee, he returned in the 1960s to obtain a Masters and PhD from Stanford University. In 1970, he was appointed a lecturer in the Department of Education at the University of Aston to establish a Diploma in Counseling in Educational Settings, which started enrolling students in 1971. During the 1970s, he was helped by having three Fulbright Professors from the United States, each for a year, who both taught students and improved his skills. During this period he broadened out from a predominantly client-centered orientation to becoming much more cognitive-behavioral. He also wrote numerous articles and the first edition of what is now The Theory and Practice of Counseling and Therapy, which was published in 1982. In addition, he chaired the British Psychological Society0s Working Party on Counseling and, in1982, became the first chairperson of the BPS Counseling Psychology Section. In 1984, he took up a position as counseling and later counseling psychology trainer at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, where he became an Associate Professor. He continued writing research articles, articles on professional issues and books, which were published in London and Sydney. As when he worked at Aston University, he also counseled clients to keep up his skills. In 1997, he retired from RMIT and moved to Chiang Mai in Thailand. There, as well as doing some counseling and teaching, he has continued as an author of counseling and counseling psychology textbooks.
{"title":"Nelson-Jones R (Ed.). (2012). A Book Review on Basic Counseling Skills: A Helper’s Manual (Third Edition)","authors":"Yordanos Yibeltal Yedemie,","doi":"10.1177/0272684x20933514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684x20933514","url":null,"abstract":"Richard Nelson-Jones was born in London in 1936. Having spent five years in California as a Second World War refugee, he returned in the 1960s to obtain a Masters and PhD from Stanford University. In 1970, he was appointed a lecturer in the Department of Education at the University of Aston to establish a Diploma in Counseling in Educational Settings, which started enrolling students in 1971. During the 1970s, he was helped by having three Fulbright Professors from the United States, each for a year, who both taught students and improved his skills. During this period he broadened out from a predominantly client-centered orientation to becoming much more cognitive-behavioral. He also wrote numerous articles and the first edition of what is now The Theory and Practice of Counseling and Therapy, which was published in 1982. In addition, he chaired the British Psychological Society0s Working Party on Counseling and, in1982, became the first chairperson of the BPS Counseling Psychology Section. In 1984, he took up a position as counseling and later counseling psychology trainer at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, where he became an Associate Professor. He continued writing research articles, articles on professional issues and books, which were published in London and Sydney. As when he worked at Aston University, he also counseled clients to keep up his skills. In 1997, he retired from RMIT and moved to Chiang Mai in Thailand. There, as well as doing some counseling and teaching, he has continued as an author of counseling and counseling psychology textbooks.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"41 1","pages":"355 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684x20933514","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42973520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19862148
S. Bashirian, Y. Mohammadi, M. Barati, Leila Moaddabshoar, Mitra Dogonchi
Screening plays an essential role in the reduction of mortality and morbidity of breast cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. The aim of this study was to find out whether the use of health education model and theory-based behavioral interventions is effective in women’s breast cancer screening behavior. Applying different search strategies, we searched electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus without time limit from January 12 to March 11, 2017. Keywords included “Breast neoplasm,” Screening,” “Women,” and “Health Education.” First, screening was conducted based on title, abstract, and full text. Then, the studies were screened according to the selection criteria of our study. The relevant and eligible studies were critically appraised by Delphi checklist. In addition, a meta-analysis of eligible studies was conducted with the random-effect approach. Twenty-six of 8,620 initial studies (with sample size of 10,681 in the intervention group and 8,854 in the control group) were included in the final analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the probability of screening behavior in the intervention group is 1.4 times of that in the control group. Furthermore, subgroup analysis by the type of screening behavior indicates that the probabilities of conducting breast self-examination and mammography in the intervention group are 1.9 and 1.4 times of those in the control group. The health education program has a significant impact on breast cancer screening behaviors, particularly breast self-examination. Thus, given the positive effects of the educational screening programs in women, it is suggested that these programs must be continuously pursued with long-term follow-up and increasing rates of screening behaviors should be monitored.
筛查在降低癌症死亡率和发病率方面发挥着至关重要的作用，乳腺癌是全世界妇女最常见的癌症之一。本研究旨在了解健康教育模式和基于理论的行为干预在女性乳腺癌症筛查行为中是否有效。应用不同的搜索策略，我们在2017年1月12日至3月11日期间无时间限制地搜索了电子数据库，包括PubMed、ScienceDirect、Web of Science和Scopus。关键词包括“乳腺肿瘤”、“筛查”、“妇女”和“健康教育”。首先，根据标题、摘要和全文进行筛查。然后，根据我们研究的选择标准对研究进行筛选。相关和合格的研究通过德尔菲检查表进行了批判性评估。此外，采用随机效应方法对符合条件的研究进行了荟萃分析。8620项初步研究中有26项（干预组样本量为10681项，对照组样本量8854项）被纳入最终分析。荟萃分析结果显示，干预组筛查行为的概率是对照组的1.4倍。此外，按筛查行为类型进行的亚组分析表明，干预组进行乳房自检和乳房X光检查的概率是对照组的1.9倍和1.4倍。健康教育计划对乳腺癌症筛查行为，尤其是乳腺自查有显著影响。因此，鉴于教育筛查计划对妇女的积极影响，建议必须继续实施这些计划并进行长期随访，并监测筛查行为的增长率。
{"title":"Effectiveness of the Theory-Based Educational Interventions on Screening of Breast Cancer in Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"S. Bashirian, Y. Mohammadi, M. Barati, Leila Moaddabshoar, Mitra Dogonchi","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19862148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19862148","url":null,"abstract":"Screening plays an essential role in the reduction of mortality and morbidity of breast cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women worldwide. The aim of this study was to find out whether the use of health education model and theory-based behavioral interventions is effective in women’s breast cancer screening behavior. Applying different search strategies, we searched electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus without time limit from January 12 to March 11, 2017. Keywords included “Breast neoplasm,” Screening,” “Women,” and “Health Education.” First, screening was conducted based on title, abstract, and full text. Then, the studies were screened according to the selection criteria of our study. The relevant and eligible studies were critically appraised by Delphi checklist. In addition, a meta-analysis of eligible studies was conducted with the random-effect approach. Twenty-six of 8,620 initial studies (with sample size of 10,681 in the intervention group and 8,854 in the control group) were included in the final analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the probability of screening behavior in the intervention group is 1.4 times of that in the control group. Furthermore, subgroup analysis by the type of screening behavior indicates that the probabilities of conducting breast self-examination and mammography in the intervention group are 1.9 and 1.4 times of those in the control group. The health education program has a significant impact on breast cancer screening behaviors, particularly breast self-examination. Thus, given the positive effects of the educational screening programs in women, it is suggested that these programs must be continuously pursued with long-term follow-up and increasing rates of screening behaviors should be monitored.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"219 - 236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19862148","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47942418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19875022
Ololade G. Adewole, K. Omotoso, S. Asa
Objectives Fertility level remains relatively high in Nigeria. Currently, it peaks at about six children per woman. Many studies have suggested targeting men in family planning programs to reduce fertility levels, particularly in patriarchal societies. Nigeria, being a patriarchal and multiethnic society, males’ influence on fertility behavior remains indisputable. Thus, this study explores contextual factors, such as sociocultural norms, beliefs, preferences, and perceptions, that influence male fertility behavior across different ethnic groups in Nigeria. Design The study uses qualitative data that involved focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview (IDI) from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria, with each zone representing the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. Six IDIs and four FGDs were conducted in each of the three selected regions among men making a total of 18 IDIs and 12 FGDs, respectively. The data were transcribed and exported to Atlas.ti software for analyses. Results Some of the beliefs and perceptions mentioned include influence of religion, polygamy, socioeconomic status, government policy, peer pressure, culture, and sex preference. These factors were found to vary considerably across tribes/ethnic groups. Conclusions Findings from this article show that there are other factors beyond individual factors that affect fertility behavior among men. Thus, there is a need to take into consideration the unique community structures in subsequent population-oriented social policy reviews and implementation to tackle high fertility behavior in Nigeria.
{"title":"Contextual and Social Factors Influencing Male Fertility in Nigeria","authors":"Ololade G. Adewole, K. Omotoso, S. Asa","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19875022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19875022","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Fertility level remains relatively high in Nigeria. Currently, it peaks at about six children per woman. Many studies have suggested targeting men in family planning programs to reduce fertility levels, particularly in patriarchal societies. Nigeria, being a patriarchal and multiethnic society, males’ influence on fertility behavior remains indisputable. Thus, this study explores contextual factors, such as sociocultural norms, beliefs, preferences, and perceptions, that influence male fertility behavior across different ethnic groups in Nigeria. Design The study uses qualitative data that involved focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview (IDI) from three geopolitical zones in Nigeria, with each zone representing the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. Six IDIs and four FGDs were conducted in each of the three selected regions among men making a total of 18 IDIs and 12 FGDs, respectively. The data were transcribed and exported to Atlas.ti software for analyses. Results Some of the beliefs and perceptions mentioned include influence of religion, polygamy, socioeconomic status, government policy, peer pressure, culture, and sex preference. These factors were found to vary considerably across tribes/ethnic groups. Conclusions Findings from this article show that there are other factors beyond individual factors that affect fertility behavior among men. Thus, there is a need to take into consideration the unique community structures in subsequent population-oriented social policy reviews and implementation to tackle high fertility behavior in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"247 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19875022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42440455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19874278
N. Onyeneho, B. Ozumba, Malgorzata Chalupowski, S. Subramanian
Anemia is a common nutritional problem, and it has a remarkably high prevalence rate in Southeast Asia. We analyzed a sample of 112,714 mothers aged 15 to 49 years and their children younger than 5 years from the 2005–2006 Indian National Fertility and Health Survey with available data on anemia to determine the anemia statuses and risk factors associated with maternal and childhood anemia. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with anemia. The overall prevalence of maternal anemia was 52.0%, while the overall prevalence of childhood anemia was 66.7%. Predictors of maternal anemia are a young age (p < .001), maternal health practices (p < .001), and reproductive health-related infections (p < .001), among others. On the other hand, predictors of childhood anemia included iron deficiency (p = .007), vitamin deficiency (p = .003), and common infections (p = .008). Other predictors of childhood anemia included poor dietary intake (p < .01) and childcare practices (p < .001). Childcare practice has the strongest association with childhood anemia with an odds ratio of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [1.55, 1.79]). With respect to maternal anemia, the strongest risk factor was being infected with reproductive health infections with an odds ratio of 1.157 (95% confidence interval [1.11, 1.21]). Interventions designed to address prevalence of childhood and maternal anemia in India should take the risk factors in a holistic manner. A multifactorial framework should guide such interventions.
{"title":"Risk Factors of Childhood and Maternal Anemia in India","authors":"N. Onyeneho, B. Ozumba, Malgorzata Chalupowski, S. Subramanian","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19874278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19874278","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a common nutritional problem, and it has a remarkably high prevalence rate in Southeast Asia. We analyzed a sample of 112,714 mothers aged 15 to 49 years and their children younger than 5 years from the 2005–2006 Indian National Fertility and Health Survey with available data on anemia to determine the anemia statuses and risk factors associated with maternal and childhood anemia. Logistic regression analyses were used to determine factors associated with anemia. The overall prevalence of maternal anemia was 52.0%, while the overall prevalence of childhood anemia was 66.7%. Predictors of maternal anemia are a young age (p < .001), maternal health practices (p < .001), and reproductive health-related infections (p < .001), among others. On the other hand, predictors of childhood anemia included iron deficiency (p = .007), vitamin deficiency (p = .003), and common infections (p = .008). Other predictors of childhood anemia included poor dietary intake (p < .01) and childcare practices (p < .001). Childcare practice has the strongest association with childhood anemia with an odds ratio of 1.67 (95% confidence interval [1.55, 1.79]). With respect to maternal anemia, the strongest risk factor was being infected with reproductive health infections with an odds ratio of 1.157 (95% confidence interval [1.11, 1.21]). Interventions designed to address prevalence of childhood and maternal anemia in India should take the risk factors in a holistic manner. A multifactorial framework should guide such interventions.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"209 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19874278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19873787
Y. Okado, Desiree De Pace, Emily Ewing, C. Rowley
The present study piloted a brief, single-session behavioral intervention to prevent stress-related illnesses in college students. Participants were recruited at a large public university (N = 213). A total of 132 participants completed in-person research sessions and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions (two control and one intervention), and another 81 participants completed measures online (online control) without any face-to-face contact. The intervention consisted of brief, one-on-one diaphragmatic breathing training, delivered by trained research assistants. Data were collected at baseline and 2-week follow-up. Participants receiving the intervention provided positive ratings of intervention acceptability and reported utilizing diaphragmatic breathing during the 2-week period. They also reported significant improvements in perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. When compared with the control conditions, however, the Intervention condition produced superior improvement in depressive symptoms only. Results suggest that diaphragmatic breathing training can be offered by trained peers to college students to help reduce stress-related symptoms.
{"title":"Brief Relaxation Training for the Prevention of Stress-Related Difficulties: A Pilot Study","authors":"Y. Okado, Desiree De Pace, Emily Ewing, C. Rowley","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19873787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19873787","url":null,"abstract":"The present study piloted a brief, single-session behavioral intervention to prevent stress-related illnesses in college students. Participants were recruited at a large public university (N = 213). A total of 132 participants completed in-person research sessions and were randomly assigned to one of three conditions (two control and one intervention), and another 81 participants completed measures online (online control) without any face-to-face contact. The intervention consisted of brief, one-on-one diaphragmatic breathing training, delivered by trained research assistants. Data were collected at baseline and 2-week follow-up. Participants receiving the intervention provided positive ratings of intervention acceptability and reported utilizing diaphragmatic breathing during the 2-week period. They also reported significant improvements in perceived stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. When compared with the control conditions, however, the Intervention condition produced superior improvement in depressive symptoms only. Results suggest that diaphragmatic breathing training can be offered by trained peers to college students to help reduce stress-related symptoms.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"193 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19873787","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43553349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19874967
Joseph P. Nathan, Elizabeth K Kudadjie-Gyamfi, Leah Halberstam, J. Wright
Background Consumers are advised to seek information about dietary supplements (DS) before using them; little is known concerning whether this recommendation is heeded. Objective The objectives of this pilot study were to investigate whether users of DS seek information about these products before using them and particularly whether such information is sought from health-care professionals (HCPs). Methods Surveys administered face-to-face to adult consumers at three venues in New York City. Results Between November 2017 and October 2018, 199 consumers were surveyed. Of the 139 (70%) DS users, 104 (75%) used at least one DS that was not prescribed/recommended by an HCP. Of those, 88 (85%) reported seeking information about DS before using them and two (2%) noted that for some they do and for some they do not. The source of information most frequently used was the Internet (76; 84%). Pharmacists, dietitians/nutritionists, and medical doctors were reported to be a source of information by seven (8%), six (7%), and five (6%) of the respondents, respectively. DS were most commonly purchased at a pharmacy (76; 54%). Of the 199 participants, 111 (56%) perceived DS to be “very safe” or “safe,” while 20 (10%) reported that DS were “unsafe” or “very unsafe”; 60 (30%) participants were “neutral.” Conclusion Although most DS users sought information prior to using them, the majority did so by using the Internet and only a few consulted with an HCP. HCPs should be proactive in educating consumers about the importance of consulting with them prior to using these products.
{"title":"Consumers’ Information-Seeking Behaviors on Dietary Supplements","authors":"Joseph P. Nathan, Elizabeth K Kudadjie-Gyamfi, Leah Halberstam, J. Wright","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19874967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19874967","url":null,"abstract":"Background Consumers are advised to seek information about dietary supplements (DS) before using them; little is known concerning whether this recommendation is heeded. Objective The objectives of this pilot study were to investigate whether users of DS seek information about these products before using them and particularly whether such information is sought from health-care professionals (HCPs). Methods Surveys administered face-to-face to adult consumers at three venues in New York City. Results Between November 2017 and October 2018, 199 consumers were surveyed. Of the 139 (70%) DS users, 104 (75%) used at least one DS that was not prescribed/recommended by an HCP. Of those, 88 (85%) reported seeking information about DS before using them and two (2%) noted that for some they do and for some they do not. The source of information most frequently used was the Internet (76; 84%). Pharmacists, dietitians/nutritionists, and medical doctors were reported to be a source of information by seven (8%), six (7%), and five (6%) of the respondents, respectively. DS were most commonly purchased at a pharmacy (76; 54%). Of the 199 participants, 111 (56%) perceived DS to be “very safe” or “safe,” while 20 (10%) reported that DS were “unsafe” or “very unsafe”; 60 (30%) participants were “neutral.” Conclusion Although most DS users sought information prior to using them, the majority did so by using the Internet and only a few consulted with an HCP. HCPs should be proactive in educating consumers about the importance of consulting with them prior to using these products.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"171 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19874967","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44805916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19874974
R. Braun, Mariah Nevels, M. Frey
Teaching about health disparities and health equity at a 4-year institution is imperative. Unfortunately, there is a lack of empirical research demonstrating this concept and the proper way to develop a course. As a result, this research attempted to assess the effectiveness of developing and teaching this course centered on the social determinants of health (SDH). Using a 30-question Attribution of Health Disparities Assessment, data were collected on students’ attitudes and beliefs about the relevancy of these two concepts before and after they took the health equity course. All participants (n = 42) were seniors, 80% self-identify as Caucasian and 66% were female. Overall, there was a statistically significant change in attitudes and beliefs about health disparities and the relevancy of these issues. It appears that in the eyes of the students, the SDH are more relevant and related to these issues than a person’s individual responsibility. As a result, the relevancy of many of the SDH discussed in class had a profound effect on the students who took this course as indicated by their statistically significant change. Finally, our research demonstrates how a health equity course could be taught to effectively change undergraduate students’ views on issues related to the SDH.
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Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19865648
Whitney M. Holeva-Eklund, Mina L. Liebert, Jennifer Howard Smith, Jodi Mack, T. Behrens
The aim of this commentary is to expand upon results of previously published work on improving nutrition of cafeteria lunches in elementary schools of a high-need school district in southern Colorado, USA, between 2009 and 2015. The intent of the program was to improve the quality of school lunches by training cafeteria staff to prepare meals from scratch using fresh produce and minimally processed proteins as well as to reduce the sodium, sugar, and fat content of the food prepared. The program was successful in improving the quality and nutritional content of school lunch entrees by providing more entrees made from scratch with fresher options and decreasing the amount of processed foods served. This study shows that interventions aimed at changing the food preparation policies of school cafeterias can improve the nutrition of school lunches, and future research should expand on the benefits schools may experience by investing in similar programs.
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Pub Date : 2020-04-01DOI: 10.1177/0272684X19865145
M. Signorelli, Angela J. Taft, Pedro Paulo Gomes Pereira
In this commentary paper, we highlight the key role that community health workers and family health professionals can perform for the identification and care for women experiencing domestic violence in communities. These workers are part of the primary health-care strategy in the Brazilian public health system, who are available in every municipalities and neighborhoods of the country. Based on our ethnographic research, we argue that identification and care of abused women by these workers and professionals follow a pattern which we described and named “the Chinese whispers model.” We also point gaps in training these workers to deal with complex issues, such as domestic violence, arguing for the need of formal qualification for both community health workers and family health professionals by, for example, incorporating such themes into curricula, further education, and continuing professional development.
{"title":"Authors’ Commentary: Domestic Violence Against Women, Public Policies and Community Health Workers in Brazilian Primary Health Care","authors":"M. Signorelli, Angela J. Taft, Pedro Paulo Gomes Pereira","doi":"10.1177/0272684X19865145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0272684X19865145","url":null,"abstract":"In this commentary paper, we highlight the key role that community health workers and family health professionals can perform for the identification and care for women experiencing domestic violence in communities. These workers are part of the primary health-care strategy in the Brazilian public health system, who are available in every municipalities and neighborhoods of the country. Based on our ethnographic research, we argue that identification and care of abused women by these workers and professionals follow a pattern which we described and named “the Chinese whispers model.” We also point gaps in training these workers to deal with complex issues, such as domestic violence, arguing for the need of formal qualification for both community health workers and family health professionals by, for example, incorporating such themes into curricula, further education, and continuing professional development.","PeriodicalId":54184,"journal":{"name":"International Quarterly of Community Health Education","volume":"40 1","pages":"237 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/0272684X19865145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47242104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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