Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01091-z
Akira Soto Nishimura, Mathias Czaika
Abstract This comprehensive study delves into over 100 empirical articles, examining the influence of structural drivers on both internal and international migration. Employing a meta-analysis approach, we dissect these studies to pinpoint the prevalent migration drivers frequently subjected to quantitative scrutiny. Our investigation extends to scrutinizing major migration drivers in terms of their statistical impact, directional tendencies, and statistical significance. Our findings underscore that indicators such as income or GDP, education, migrant networks, gender, age, and family characteristics are the most commonly scrutinized factors shaping migration patterns. Notably, geographical distance, gender, and migrant networks emerge as highly consistent drivers, exhibiting a remarkable uniformity in both effect direction and statistical significance across the most frequently studied factors. Numerous migration drivers exhibit statistical significance roughly around 50% of the time, while several others fall considerably below this threshold. Intriguingly, we delve into the complex variations characterizing the impact of destination country GDP per capita. Our exploration reveals that articles reporting a negative effect for destination country GDP per capita are more likely to focus on irregular or asylum migration flows. However, an intriguing subset of articles that also explore asylum migration flows finds a positive effect. These nuanced disparities are further influenced by variations in sample composition, control variables, statistical models, and the operationalization of GDP per capita. In sum, our in-depth analysis sheds light on the multifaceted landscape of migration drivers, offering critical insights into both the consensus and divergence within migration research.
{"title":"Exploring Migration Determinants: a Meta-Analysis of Migration Drivers and Estimates","authors":"Akira Soto Nishimura, Mathias Czaika","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01091-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01091-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This comprehensive study delves into over 100 empirical articles, examining the influence of structural drivers on both internal and international migration. Employing a meta-analysis approach, we dissect these studies to pinpoint the prevalent migration drivers frequently subjected to quantitative scrutiny. Our investigation extends to scrutinizing major migration drivers in terms of their statistical impact, directional tendencies, and statistical significance. Our findings underscore that indicators such as income or GDP, education, migrant networks, gender, age, and family characteristics are the most commonly scrutinized factors shaping migration patterns. Notably, geographical distance, gender, and migrant networks emerge as highly consistent drivers, exhibiting a remarkable uniformity in both effect direction and statistical significance across the most frequently studied factors. Numerous migration drivers exhibit statistical significance roughly around 50% of the time, while several others fall considerably below this threshold. Intriguingly, we delve into the complex variations characterizing the impact of destination country GDP per capita. Our exploration reveals that articles reporting a negative effect for destination country GDP per capita are more likely to focus on irregular or asylum migration flows. However, an intriguing subset of articles that also explore asylum migration flows finds a positive effect. These nuanced disparities are further influenced by variations in sample composition, control variables, statistical models, and the operationalization of GDP per capita. In sum, our in-depth analysis sheds light on the multifaceted landscape of migration drivers, offering critical insights into both the consensus and divergence within migration research.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135616670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-14DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01095-9
Stellamarina Donato
Abstract This article investigates the experiences of women’s migrant returnees in the EU-MENA region. It aims to elucidate their navigation of the complexities associated with return and their contributions to the development and empowerment of local women, migrant women, and prospective returnees. It recognizes that women’s migration journeys entail a multitude of challenges, including gender-specific barriers, social norms, cultural expectations, and legal and institutional constraints. Nevertheless, it argues that women’s returns can serve as a transformative process that enhances opportunities for women’s empowerment and agency, particularly as intermediaries of women’s migration. By bridging the knowledge and resource gaps between the EU and MENA regions, these women have the potential to provide valuable insights that inform policies and practices related to migration, development, and gender equality. Additionally, analyzing the dynamics of empowerment and agency among women’s migrant returnees contributes to broader discussions on gender, migration, and social change. To achieve its objectives, this study employed qualitative research methods, including case studies, comparative analysis, and in-depth interviews. By prioritizing the voices and narratives of women’s migrant returnees, this study ensures a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of their experiences, aspirations, and contributions to the field of women’s migration.
{"title":"Women Migrant Returnees as Intermediaries: Exploring Empowerment and Agency of Migrant Women Returnees in the EU-MENA Region","authors":"Stellamarina Donato","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01095-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01095-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article investigates the experiences of women’s migrant returnees in the EU-MENA region. It aims to elucidate their navigation of the complexities associated with return and their contributions to the development and empowerment of local women, migrant women, and prospective returnees. It recognizes that women’s migration journeys entail a multitude of challenges, including gender-specific barriers, social norms, cultural expectations, and legal and institutional constraints. Nevertheless, it argues that women’s returns can serve as a transformative process that enhances opportunities for women’s empowerment and agency, particularly as intermediaries of women’s migration. By bridging the knowledge and resource gaps between the EU and MENA regions, these women have the potential to provide valuable insights that inform policies and practices related to migration, development, and gender equality. Additionally, analyzing the dynamics of empowerment and agency among women’s migrant returnees contributes to broader discussions on gender, migration, and social change. To achieve its objectives, this study employed qualitative research methods, including case studies, comparative analysis, and in-depth interviews. By prioritizing the voices and narratives of women’s migrant returnees, this study ensures a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of their experiences, aspirations, and contributions to the field of women’s migration.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135803551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01092-y
Melissa Moralli, Marta Pachocka, Maggi W. H. Leung
Abstract The presence of migration in non-urban areas is mainly related to the paradoxical coexistence of both restrictive migration policies and a proliferation of welcoming initiatives. These initiatives are aimed at (co-)creating “welcoming spaces” and are often driven by older residents and migrant people but can equally be the outcome of initiatives by local governments, NGOs, and businesses. This contribution introduces the potentialities and limits of these initiatives to create hybrid forms of hospitality and prospects to enhance local development. It opens with a reflection on the political relevance of welcoming spaces and their governance from an international and national perspective. Second, it reflects upon the social and narrative significance of welcoming and hospitality. Considering the intersections between the political and the discursive dimension of welcoming spaces, it closes with a recommendation to recognise the collective dimension of hospitality and to create the basis for re-imagining spaces of conviviality in non-urban areas to sustain fairer and more inclusive societies.
{"title":"“Welcoming Spaces”: Migration and New Communities in Marginalised Regions","authors":"Melissa Moralli, Marta Pachocka, Maggi W. H. Leung","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01092-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01092-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The presence of migration in non-urban areas is mainly related to the paradoxical coexistence of both restrictive migration policies and a proliferation of welcoming initiatives. These initiatives are aimed at (co-)creating “welcoming spaces” and are often driven by older residents and migrant people but can equally be the outcome of initiatives by local governments, NGOs, and businesses. This contribution introduces the potentialities and limits of these initiatives to create hybrid forms of hospitality and prospects to enhance local development. It opens with a reflection on the political relevance of welcoming spaces and their governance from an international and national perspective. Second, it reflects upon the social and narrative significance of welcoming and hospitality. Considering the intersections between the political and the discursive dimension of welcoming spaces, it closes with a recommendation to recognise the collective dimension of hospitality and to create the basis for re-imagining spaces of conviviality in non-urban areas to sustain fairer and more inclusive societies.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lived Experiences of Skilled Indian Women Immigrants (SIWI) Navigating the COVID-19 Pandemic: Immigration Trajectories to Canada","authors":"Urmi Nanda Biswas, Belinda Leach, Parisha Jijina, Ashika Niraula","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01078-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01078-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135924881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01093-x
Maciej Grześkowiak
Abstract The article aims to propose an alternative analytical framework for examining the currently observable ineffectiveness of the international refugee protection regime. The described framework places the principle of temporary refuge and its inherent ambiguities at the centre of the analysis. To that effect, the scope and content of the principle of temporary refuge is considered with the particular focus on the presumable obligations of third states (i.e. states other than the recipient state) stemming from the principle. The analysis then turns to consideration of some of the examples of contemporary practice of temporary refuge in an attempt at framing it as one of the sources of a poor state of functioning of the international refugee regime. The paper also links the identified phenomenon to the concept of protection gaps as it was already outlined in the literature in order to clearly demonstrate the relationship between the content and contemporary practice of temporary refuge and inadequacies of the international refugee regime visible at the global level.
{"title":"Empirical Consequences of Normative Inadequacies: The Principle of Temporary Refuge and Protection Gaps","authors":"Maciej Grześkowiak","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01093-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01093-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The article aims to propose an alternative analytical framework for examining the currently observable ineffectiveness of the international refugee protection regime. The described framework places the principle of temporary refuge and its inherent ambiguities at the centre of the analysis. To that effect, the scope and content of the principle of temporary refuge is considered with the particular focus on the presumable obligations of third states (i.e. states other than the recipient state) stemming from the principle. The analysis then turns to consideration of some of the examples of contemporary practice of temporary refuge in an attempt at framing it as one of the sources of a poor state of functioning of the international refugee regime. The paper also links the identified phenomenon to the concept of protection gaps as it was already outlined in the literature in order to clearly demonstrate the relationship between the content and contemporary practice of temporary refuge and inadequacies of the international refugee regime visible at the global level.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136063112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This research aimed to describe the use and functionality that migrant women provide to social networks and the role they play in the social integration of migrant women. Using a qualitative methodology design, a virtual ethnography approach, and with the support of ATLAS, this research analyses 863 discursive threads of a WhatsApp group comprised of 123 migrant women belonging to an association related to the social and labour integration of the migrant population. The results indicate that the WhatsApp group is a reliable source of information as well as spaces of solidarity and emotional support among women who experience similar situations during the migration process. The originality of these results is that they provide insight into the uses of social networks by migrant women, on which there is little research, through observations in a WhatsApp group. Organisations working with migrant women should rethink the functionalities of these social networks and the importance of these tools in improving the social and labour integration of migrant women.
{"title":"Virtual Ethnography of Female Migrants: a WhatsApp Group as a Support Tool During Their Migration Process","authors":"Adriana Calvo, Maite Aurrekoetxea-Casaus, Erika Borrajo","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01088-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01088-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This research aimed to describe the use and functionality that migrant women provide to social networks and the role they play in the social integration of migrant women. Using a qualitative methodology design, a virtual ethnography approach, and with the support of ATLAS, this research analyses 863 discursive threads of a WhatsApp group comprised of 123 migrant women belonging to an association related to the social and labour integration of the migrant population. The results indicate that the WhatsApp group is a reliable source of information as well as spaces of solidarity and emotional support among women who experience similar situations during the migration process. The originality of these results is that they provide insight into the uses of social networks by migrant women, on which there is little research, through observations in a WhatsApp group. Organisations working with migrant women should rethink the functionalities of these social networks and the importance of these tools in improving the social and labour integration of migrant women.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136062754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01076-y
Glynis George, Erika Borrelli
{"title":"The Differential Inclusion of Migrant Farmworkers’ and the Landscape of Support in a Migrant-intensive Region in Ontario, Canada","authors":"Glynis George, Erika Borrelli","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01076-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01076-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136210339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01094-w
Lin Sheng, Trent Bax
{"title":"Transnational Judicial Practice in the People’s Republic of China: Resolution of Transmigrants’ Legal Disputes","authors":"Lin Sheng, Trent Bax","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01094-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01094-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136209285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01085-x
Marcellin Stéphane Bella Ngadena, Henri Ngoa Tabi
{"title":"Immigration Status and School Performance at the Primary and Secondary Levels of Cameroonian Pupils Aged 6 to 20: a Decomposition Analysis","authors":"Marcellin Stéphane Bella Ngadena, Henri Ngoa Tabi","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01085-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01085-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136356553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-10DOI: 10.1007/s12134-023-01084-y
Annelies Zoomers
Abstract This contribution questions the common assumptions and practices concerning the hosting of newcomers in depopulated, remote and disinvested places in order to revitalize these places. While newcomers can contribute to new socioeconomic vitality in marginalised areas, they should not be taken as the only or main solution. Drawing on the debate surrounding the migration–development nexus, which has mainly been applied in global South contexts, I advocate demigrantizing our thinking and debunking the divide between newcomers and locals. Rather than focusing on the integration of migrants, emphasis should be put on how diverse members of these changing communities, regardless of their length of residence, can attract the right (e.g. sustainable and inclusive) projects and investors. I argue that the reallocation of public funding, new (translocal) solidarities and people-based investment plans are imperative if we are to solve the problem of growing poverty and inequality in Europe.
{"title":"Epilogue: Chicken or Egg? The Role of Newcomer Migrants in the Revitalization of ‘Left-Behind’ Areas","authors":"Annelies Zoomers","doi":"10.1007/s12134-023-01084-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-023-01084-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This contribution questions the common assumptions and practices concerning the hosting of newcomers in depopulated, remote and disinvested places in order to revitalize these places. While newcomers can contribute to new socioeconomic vitality in marginalised areas, they should not be taken as the only or main solution. Drawing on the debate surrounding the migration–development nexus, which has mainly been applied in global South contexts, I advocate demigrantizing our thinking and debunking the divide between newcomers and locals. Rather than focusing on the integration of migrants, emphasis should be put on how diverse members of these changing communities, regardless of their length of residence, can attract the right (e.g. sustainable and inclusive) projects and investors. I argue that the reallocation of public funding, new (translocal) solidarities and people-based investment plans are imperative if we are to solve the problem of growing poverty and inequality in Europe.","PeriodicalId":54202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Migration and Integration","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136294239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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