Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_2
Ana Mari Cauce, Rick Cruz, Marissa Corona, Rand Conger
{"title":"The face of the future: risk and resilience in minority youth.","authors":"Ana Mari Cauce, Rick Cruz, Marissa Corona, Rand Conger","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3714209/pdf/nihms-489354.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29542923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_7
William A Vega, William M Sribney
{"title":"Understanding the Hispanic Health Paradox through a multi-generation lens: a focus on behavior disorders.","authors":"William A Vega, William M Sribney","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29542862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_4
Sandra Graham
{"title":"School racial/ethnic diversity and disparities in mental health and academic outcomes.","authors":"Sandra Graham","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29542925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_5
Andrew J Fuligni
{"title":"Social identity, motivation, and well being among adolescents from Asian and Latin American backgrounds.","authors":"Andrew J Fuligni","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-7092-3_5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29542860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_1
Rick A Bevins, Anthony R Caggiula
{"title":"Nicotine, tobacco use, and the 55th Nebraska Symposium on Motivation.","authors":"Rick A Bevins, Anthony R Caggiula","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2921572/pdf/nihms224776.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_10
Stephen T Tiffany, Mathew W Warthen, Katherine C Goedeker
{"title":"The functional significance of craving in nicotine dependence.","authors":"Stephen T Tiffany, Mathew W Warthen, Katherine C Goedeker","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_8
Jed E Rose
{"title":"New findings on nicotine addiction and treatment.","authors":"Jed E Rose","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_4
Linda P Dwoskin, Marharyta Pivavarchyk, B Matthew Joyce, Nichole M Neugebauer, Guangrong Zheng, Zhenfa Zhang, Michael T Bardo, Peter A Crooks
{"title":"Targeting reward-relevant nicotinic receptors in the discovery of novel pharmacotherapeutic agents to treat tobacco dependence.","authors":"Linda P Dwoskin, Marharyta Pivavarchyk, B Matthew Joyce, Nichole M Neugebauer, Guangrong Zheng, Zhenfa Zhang, Michael T Bardo, Peter A Crooks","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3090004/pdf/nihms-98709.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_6
Anthony R Caggiula, Eric C Donny, Matthew I Palmatier, Xiu Liu, Nadia Chaudhri, Alan F Sved
Models of intravenous nicotine self-administration in laboratory animals are being used to investigate the behavioral and neurobiological consequences of nicotine reinforcement, and to aid in the development of novel pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation. Central to these models is the principle of primary reinforcement, which posits that response-contingent presentation of a primary reinforcer, nicotine, engenders robust operant behavior, whereas response-independent drug delivery does not. This dictum of nicotine as a primary reinforcer has been widely used to explain why people smoke tobacco-smoking results in the rapid delivery of nicotine to the brain, setting up a cascade of neurobiological processes that strengthen subsequent smoking behavior. However, there is mounting evidence that the primary reinforcement model of nicotine self-administration fails to fully explain existing data from both the animal self-administration and human smoking literatures. We have recently proposed a "dual reinforcement" model to more fully capture the relationship between nicotine and self-administration, including smoking. Briefly, the "dual reinforcement" model posits that nicotine acts as both a primary reinforcer and a reinforcement enhancer. The latter action of nicotine had originally been uncovered by showing that a reinforcing VS, which accompanies nicotine delivery, synergizes with nicotine in the acquisition and maintenance of self-administration, and that this synergism can be reproduced by combining operant responding for the reinforcing stimulus with non-contingent (response-independent) nicotine. Thus, self-administration (and smoking) is sustained by three actions: (1) nicotine, acting as a primary reinforcer, can sustain behavior that leads to its delivery; (2) nicotine, acting as a primary reinforcer, can establish neutral environmental stimuli as conditioned reinforcers through Pavlovian associations; and (3) nicotine, acting as a reinforcement enhancer, can magnify the incentive value of accompanying stimuli, be they conditioned or unconditioned reinforcers.
{"title":"The role of nicotine in smoking: a dual-reinforcement model.","authors":"Anthony R Caggiula, Eric C Donny, Matthew I Palmatier, Xiu Liu, Nadia Chaudhri, Alan F Sved","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Models of intravenous nicotine self-administration in laboratory animals are being used to investigate the behavioral and neurobiological consequences of nicotine reinforcement, and to aid in the development of novel pharmacotherapies for smoking cessation. Central to these models is the principle of primary reinforcement, which posits that response-contingent presentation of a primary reinforcer, nicotine, engenders robust operant behavior, whereas response-independent drug delivery does not. This dictum of nicotine as a primary reinforcer has been widely used to explain why people smoke tobacco-smoking results in the rapid delivery of nicotine to the brain, setting up a cascade of neurobiological processes that strengthen subsequent smoking behavior. However, there is mounting evidence that the primary reinforcement model of nicotine self-administration fails to fully explain existing data from both the animal self-administration and human smoking literatures. We have recently proposed a \"dual reinforcement\" model to more fully capture the relationship between nicotine and self-administration, including smoking. Briefly, the \"dual reinforcement\" model posits that nicotine acts as both a primary reinforcer and a reinforcement enhancer. The latter action of nicotine had originally been uncovered by showing that a reinforcing VS, which accompanies nicotine delivery, synergizes with nicotine in the acquisition and maintenance of self-administration, and that this synergism can be reproduced by combining operant responding for the reinforcing stimulus with non-contingent (response-independent) nicotine. Thus, self-administration (and smoking) is sustained by three actions: (1) nicotine, acting as a primary reinforcer, can sustain behavior that leads to its delivery; (2) nicotine, acting as a primary reinforcer, can establish neutral environmental stimuli as conditioned reinforcers through Pavlovian associations; and (3) nicotine, acting as a reinforcement enhancer, can magnify the incentive value of accompanying stimuli, be they conditioned or unconditioned reinforcers.</p>","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2694565/pdf/nihms116220.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_11
Michael T Bardo, Paul Schnur
{"title":"The motivational impact of nicotine and its role in tobacco use: final comments and priorities.","authors":"Michael T Bardo, Paul Schnur","doi":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_11","DOIUrl":"10.1007/978-0-387-78748-0_11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54204,"journal":{"name":"Nebraska Symposium on Motivation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2664107/pdf/nihms-98706.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27842947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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