Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00580-0
Riho Kido, Takuya Inoue, Misako Hatono, Kazuki Yamanoi
Abstract Increased rainfall associated with climate change can increase sediment discharge. The supply of fine sediment from slope failures inhibits bed armoring of mountain rivers and increases sediment discharge to the downstream reaches. Floods without slope failures lead to bed erosion and armoring and may ultimately decrease sediment discharge. Thus, it is important to consider sediment discharge from slope failure and bed erosion as factors affecting sediment production. Climate change affects not only the rainfall amount, but also the temporal rainfall pattern; consequently, the pattern affects the sediment production factors and the amount of sediment discharge. However, changes in sediment discharge due to climate change based on sediment production sources have not yet been clarified. In this study, we statistically analyzed 1200 results simulated using a physics-based sediment runoff model to assess the impact of changes in temporal rainfall patterns on sediment discharge and sediment production sources in the Pekerebetsu River Basin. In the simulations, we used the rainfall predicted in d4PDF (Database for policy decision-making for future climate change), a large ensemble climate simulation database at 5 km and 20 km resolutions. Our results showed that the climate-driven increase in sediment discharge was considerably larger than that of rainfall. An increase in short-term heavy rainfall increased the supply of fine sediments from slope failure. This resulted in the suppression of bed armoring and a large increase in sediment discharge. Thus, the increase in sediment discharge is not only caused by an increase in rainfall but also by changes in temporal rainfall patterns and sediment production factors. The sediment discharge calculated for the 20 km resolution climate projection was nearly one order of magnitude smaller than that for the 5 km resolution. This suggests that the 20 km resolution climate projections do not adequately represent orographic rainfall in the mountains and thus, do not adequately reproduce extreme sediment discharge events. An increased sediment supply causes bed aggradation and decreases the river conveyance capacity of the downstream channel. The model developed in this study will contribute to flood risk analysis and flood control planning for increased rainfall due to climate change.
{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on sediment discharge using a large ensemble rainfall dataset in Pekerebetsu River basin, Hokkaido","authors":"Riho Kido, Takuya Inoue, Misako Hatono, Kazuki Yamanoi","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00580-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00580-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increased rainfall associated with climate change can increase sediment discharge. The supply of fine sediment from slope failures inhibits bed armoring of mountain rivers and increases sediment discharge to the downstream reaches. Floods without slope failures lead to bed erosion and armoring and may ultimately decrease sediment discharge. Thus, it is important to consider sediment discharge from slope failure and bed erosion as factors affecting sediment production. Climate change affects not only the rainfall amount, but also the temporal rainfall pattern; consequently, the pattern affects the sediment production factors and the amount of sediment discharge. However, changes in sediment discharge due to climate change based on sediment production sources have not yet been clarified. In this study, we statistically analyzed 1200 results simulated using a physics-based sediment runoff model to assess the impact of changes in temporal rainfall patterns on sediment discharge and sediment production sources in the Pekerebetsu River Basin. In the simulations, we used the rainfall predicted in d4PDF (Database for policy decision-making for future climate change), a large ensemble climate simulation database at 5 km and 20 km resolutions. Our results showed that the climate-driven increase in sediment discharge was considerably larger than that of rainfall. An increase in short-term heavy rainfall increased the supply of fine sediments from slope failure. This resulted in the suppression of bed armoring and a large increase in sediment discharge. Thus, the increase in sediment discharge is not only caused by an increase in rainfall but also by changes in temporal rainfall patterns and sediment production factors. The sediment discharge calculated for the 20 km resolution climate projection was nearly one order of magnitude smaller than that for the 5 km resolution. This suggests that the 20 km resolution climate projections do not adequately represent orographic rainfall in the mountains and thus, do not adequately reproduce extreme sediment discharge events. An increased sediment supply causes bed aggradation and decreases the river conveyance capacity of the downstream channel. The model developed in this study will contribute to flood risk analysis and flood control planning for increased rainfall due to climate change.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135403010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9
L. Baddeley, Dag Lorentzen, Stein Haaland, E. Heino, Ingrid Mann, Wojciech Miloch, K. Oksavik, N. Partamies, Andres Spicher, Juha Vierinen
{"title":"Space and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary region","authors":"L. Baddeley, Dag Lorentzen, Stein Haaland, E. Heino, Ingrid Mann, Wojciech Miloch, K. Oksavik, N. Partamies, Andres Spicher, Juha Vierinen","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44294632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00582-y
S. Kusumoto, K. Imai, T. Hori, D. Sugawara, K. Satake
{"title":"Sensitivity of slip distribution on tsunami trace heights and geological evidences: a case study of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake","authors":"S. Kusumoto, K. Imai, T. Hori, D. Sugawara, K. Satake","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00582-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00582-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46028723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00584-w
M. Qasim, Z. Rehman, L. Ding, J. Tanoli, W. Abbas, Muhammad Jamil, Z. Bhatti, M. Umar
{"title":"Foreland basin unconformity, Western Himalaya, Pakistan: timing gap, regional correlation and tectonic implications","authors":"M. Qasim, Z. Rehman, L. Ding, J. Tanoli, W. Abbas, Muhammad Jamil, Z. Bhatti, M. Umar","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00584-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00584-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48893480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00578-8
G. Fujie, S. Kodaira, K. Obana, Y. Yamamoto, T. Isse, Tomoaki Yamada, T. No, Y. Nakamura, S. Miura
{"title":"The nature of the Pacific plate as subduction inputs to the northeastern Japan arc and its implication for subduction zone processes","authors":"G. Fujie, S. Kodaira, K. Obana, Y. Yamamoto, T. Isse, Tomoaki Yamada, T. No, Y. Nakamura, S. Miura","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00578-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00578-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41622988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00577-9
Y. Shimada, Y. Sawai, D. Matsumoto, K. Tanigawa, Kazumi Ito, T. Tamura, Y. Namegaya, M. Shishikura, S. Fujino
{"title":"Marine inundation history during the last 3000 years at Lake Kogare-ike, a coastal lake on the Pacific coast of central Japan","authors":"Y. Shimada, Y. Sawai, D. Matsumoto, K. Tanigawa, Kazumi Ito, T. Tamura, Y. Namegaya, M. Shishikura, S. Fujino","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00577-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00577-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48131945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-18DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00583-x
A. Noda, Tomoki Ohno, C. Kodama, Ying-Wen Chen, N. Kuba, T. Seiki, Y. Yamada, M. Satoh
{"title":"Recent global nonhydrostatic modeling approach without using a cumulus parameterization to understand the mechanisms underlying cloud changes due to global warming","authors":"A. Noda, Tomoki Ohno, C. Kodama, Ying-Wen Chen, N. Kuba, T. Seiki, Y. Yamada, M. Satoh","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00583-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00583-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42999269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00581-z
Y. Usui, T. Yamazaki
{"title":"K-feldspar enrichment in the Pacific pelagic sediments before Miocene","authors":"Y. Usui, T. Yamazaki","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00581-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00581-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42368789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00579-7
Y. Nakamura, S. Kodaira, G. Fujie, M. Yamashita, K. Obana, S. Miura
{"title":"Incoming plate structure at the Japan Trench subduction zone revealed in densely spaced reflection seismic profiles","authors":"Y. Nakamura, S. Kodaira, G. Fujie, M. Yamashita, K. Obana, S. Miura","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00579-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00579-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41937971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-31DOI: 10.1186/s40645-023-00575-x
Bunichiro Shibazaki
{"title":"Progress in modeling the Tohoku-oki megathrust earthquake cycle and associated crustal deformation processes","authors":"Bunichiro Shibazaki","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00575-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00575-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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