Apart from the small Old World family Eurylaimidae (the broadbills), of which 8 genera and 14 species are recognized, the seventh volume of Peters’ monumental check-list of the birds of the world, the publication of which has now been taken over by the Museum of Comparative Zoizilogy, is devoted entirely to neotropical families of the superfamily Furnarioidea, including the wood-hewers (Dendrocolaptidae), ovenbirds (Furnariidae), ant-thrushes (Formicariidae): ant-pipits (Conopophagidae) and tapaculos (Rhinocryptidae). No species in this group has been recorded from North America north of Mexico. Since these New World families were monographed by the late eminent ornithologist Dr. C. E. Hellmayr less than 30 years ago, a comparison of the two works is pertinent. Important changes include the elimination of subfamilies, a decrease in the number of species (527 vs. 540), and a great increase in the number of recognized forms (1581 vs. 1163). Several genera have been removed from the Formicariidae, Melanopareia being placed in the Rhinocryptidae, while Psilorhampkz~s, in addition to Ranzphocaenus anti Microbates, are referred to the Sylviidae. Of the genera we note that “Dendroplex ” is merged with Xiphorhynchus, “Dendrophylax” with Leptasthenura, “Drioctistes” with Phacellodomus, “Microxenops” with Xenops, “Apocryplornis” with Grallaricula. Six genera (Oclzetorl~ynclzus, Spartonoica, Hellmayrea, Gyalophylas, Roraimia, and Simoxenojx) are added to the Furnariidae, two (Xenovnis and iMyrmop/cyZax) to the Formicariidae. This reviewer is impressed not only with the standard of accuracy and attention to details characteristic of Peters’ work, but also with his conservative taxonomic treatment in contrast with the works of certain other authors.-James Bond.
除了旧大陆的阔嘴鸟科(阔嘴鸟科)有8属14种被确认外，彼得斯的《世界鸟类名录》第七卷(现在已由比较动物学博物馆接管出版)完全是关于阔嘴鸟总科的新热带科，包括伐木鸟(树蕨科)、火炉鸟(阔嘴鸟科)、画眉鸟(蚁蛉科)。蚁蜂(锥蝽科)和锥蝽(鼻蝽科)。在墨西哥以北的北美地区没有记录到这一类群的物种。由于这些新世界的家庭是由已故的著名鸟类学家c.e. Hellmayr博士在不到30年前撰写的专著，因此对这两部作品进行比较是有意义的。重要的变化包括亚科的消失、物种数量的减少(527种对540种)和已知形式数量的大幅增加(1581种对1163种)。有几个属已经从蚁科中移除了，Melanopareia被放在了Rhinocryptidae中，而Psilorhampkz~s和Ranzphocaenus anti Microbates被归入了Sylviidae。我们注意到，“Dendroplex”与Xiphorhynchus合并，“dendrophyllax”与Leptasthenura合并，“Drioctistes”与Phacellodomus合并，“Microxenops”与Xenops合并，“Apocryplornis”与Grallaricula合并。螨科新增6属(Oclzetorl~ynclzus、Spartonoica、Hellmayrea、Gyalophylas、Roraimia、Simoxenojx)，螨科新增2属(Xenovnis和imymrmop /cyZax)。这位评论家不仅对彼得斯作品的准确性标准和对细节的关注印象深刻，而且与其他某些作者的作品相比，他的分类处理也很保守。——詹姆斯邦德。
{"title":"Ornithological Literature","authors":"James Lee Peters","doi":"10.1676/23-00004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/23-00004","url":null,"abstract":"Apart from the small Old World family Eurylaimidae (the broadbills), of which 8 genera and 14 species are recognized, the seventh volume of Peters’ monumental check-list of the birds of the world, the publication of which has now been taken over by the Museum of Comparative Zoizilogy, is devoted entirely to neotropical families of the superfamily Furnarioidea, including the wood-hewers (Dendrocolaptidae), ovenbirds (Furnariidae), ant-thrushes (Formicariidae): ant-pipits (Conopophagidae) and tapaculos (Rhinocryptidae). No species in this group has been recorded from North America north of Mexico. Since these New World families were monographed by the late eminent ornithologist Dr. C. E. Hellmayr less than 30 years ago, a comparison of the two works is pertinent. Important changes include the elimination of subfamilies, a decrease in the number of species (527 vs. 540), and a great increase in the number of recognized forms (1581 vs. 1163). Several genera have been removed from the Formicariidae, Melanopareia being placed in the Rhinocryptidae, while Psilorhampkz~s, in addition to Ranzphocaenus anti Microbates, are referred to the Sylviidae. Of the genera we note that “Dendroplex ” is merged with Xiphorhynchus, “Dendrophylax” with Leptasthenura, “Drioctistes” with Phacellodomus, “Microxenops” with Xenops, “Apocryplornis” with Grallaricula. Six genera (Oclzetorl~ynclzus, Spartonoica, Hellmayrea, Gyalophylas, Roraimia, and Simoxenojx) are added to the Furnariidae, two (Xenovnis and iMyrmop/cyZax) to the Formicariidae. This reviewer is impressed not only with the standard of accuracy and attention to details characteristic of Peters’ work, but also with his conservative taxonomic treatment in contrast with the works of certain other authors.-James Bond.","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":"135 1","pages":"101 - 102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48312438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Many studies of animal and plumage coloration use spectrometry to obtain objective measurements of colorful traits. Objective measurements of plumage color are particularly important as the avian visual system is distinct from our own and subjective color assessment by researchers can miss important color variation or signals. As spectrometry has become one of the preferred methods of color measurement, appropriate methodologies and reporting standards have refined and improved the technique as well as increased our ability to make comparisons across studies. Here, we investigate another important methodological decision by examining how the background color against which feather samples are measured impacts the reflectance spectra and color descriptors commonly extracted from those spectra. We used feather samples collected from Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis) and Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) to determine how black and white backgrounds influence color measurements. We measured the same feather sample in the same arrangement against a white index card and a piece of black cardstock and found that measurements taken against a white background tended to yield higher reflectance curves, which also resulted in significant differences in some color descriptors. Lightly colored, wispy, and small feathers seem to be particularly susceptible to background color effects. Thus, researchers using spectrometry to measure colorful traits should carefully consider the background against which they are taking measurements as white backgrounds tend to increase reflectance and certain feather colors or morphology (light and wispy) may be particularly susceptible to spectral contamination. RESUMEN (Spanish) Muchos estudios sobre coloración animal y del plumaje utilizan la espectrometría para obtener medidas objetivas de rasgos de color. Las medidas objetivas del color del plumaje son particularmente importantes debido a que el sistema visual de las aves es distinto del nuestro y la evaluación subjetiva del color por parte de los investigadores puede omitir algunas variaciones importantes del color o en señales de color. A medida que la espectrometría se ha convertido en uno de los métodos preferidos para medir el color, las metodologías apropiadas y los estándares para reportarlo se han ido refinando y mejorando su técnica, además de incrementar nuestra capacidad para realizar comparaciones entre estudios. En este trabajo investigamos otra decisión metodológica importante a la hora de examinar cómo el color del fondo contra el que se miden las muestras de afecta el espectro de reflectancia y a los descriptores de color comúnmente extraídos de dichos espectros. Usamos muestras de plumaje recolectadas de azulejos (Sialia sialis) y golondrinas (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) para determinar cómo un fondo blanco y uno negro influyen en las medidas de color. Medimos la misma muestra de plumas en la misma disposición contra una tarjeta de ca
许多动物和羽毛颜色的研究都使用光谱法来获得颜色特征的客观测量。由于鸟类的视觉系统与人类不同，研究人员对羽毛颜色的主观评估可能会错过重要的颜色变化或信号，因此对羽毛颜色的客观测量尤为重要。随着光谱法成为颜色测量的首选方法之一，适当的方法和报告标准已经完善和改进了这项技术，并增加了我们在研究之间进行比较的能力。在这里，我们通过研究测量羽毛样品的背景颜色如何影响反射光谱和通常从这些光谱中提取的颜色描述符来研究另一个重要的方法决定。我们使用从东部蓝鸟(Sialia sialis)和家燕(Hirundo rustica erythrogaster)收集的羽毛样本来确定黑白背景如何影响颜色测量。我们在一张白色索引卡和一张黑色卡片上测量了同样排列的羽毛样本，发现在白色背景下测量往往会产生更高的反射率曲线，这也导致了一些颜色描述的显着差异。浅色的、纤细的和小的羽毛似乎特别容易受到背景颜色的影响。因此，使用光谱法测量彩色特征的研究人员应该仔细考虑他们进行测量的背景，因为白色背景往往会增加反射率，而某些羽毛的颜色或形态(浅色和稀疏)可能特别容易受到光谱污染。RESUMEN(西班牙语):许多工作室sobre coloración animal y del plumaje utilitan la espectrometría para obtener medidas objjetivas de rasgos de color。Las medidas objectivas del color del plumaje son speciarmente importantes debido que el sistema visual de Las has distinto del nuesto la evaluación subjtiva del color or partite de los研究者ede omitir algunas variaciones importantes del color o en señales de color。一种媒介形式espectrometría表示，在使用不同的交换条件下，可以使用不同的交换条件，如:metodologías交换条件下，可以使用不同的交换条件，如:metodologías交换条件下，可以使用不同的交换条件，如:además交换条件下，可以使用不同的交换条件。En este trabajo investigamos otra decisión metodológica important a la hora de examinar cómo el color del fondo contra el que se miden las muestras de影响el spectral de reflancia by los descripres de color comúnmente extraídos de dichos spectra。Usamos muestras de plumaje recectadas de azulejos (Sialia sialis)和golondrinas (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) para determinen cómo和undo blanco (undo negro influinen las medidas de color)。Medimos la misma muestra de plumas和Medimos la misma disposición与medidas de cartulina blanca和untarjeta negra相比较，与medidas tomadas与fondo blanco相比较tendían与productcurves de reflancia más altas相比较，memos la misma muestra和medias la misma muestra在颜色描述上存在显著差异。Las plumas pequeñas, delgadas y de colors claros父母亲特别容易受到delgadas color del fondo的影响。在秘鲁，研究人员研究了不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:利用不同的颜色，如:morfologías，利用不同的颜色，如:morfologías，利用不同的颜色，利用不同的颜色，如:morfologías，利用不同的颜色，利用不同的颜色，如:morfologías，利用不同的颜色，利用不同的颜色，如:contaminación。Palabras clave: coloración动物coloración del plumaje espectrometría medición del color mametodos反光
{"title":"Spectra of feather samples are impacted by the substrate color against which they are measured","authors":"Joanna K. Hubbard, Zachary W. D. Williard","doi":"10.1676/22-00056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/22-00056","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many studies of animal and plumage coloration use spectrometry to obtain objective measurements of colorful traits. Objective measurements of plumage color are particularly important as the avian visual system is distinct from our own and subjective color assessment by researchers can miss important color variation or signals. As spectrometry has become one of the preferred methods of color measurement, appropriate methodologies and reporting standards have refined and improved the technique as well as increased our ability to make comparisons across studies. Here, we investigate another important methodological decision by examining how the background color against which feather samples are measured impacts the reflectance spectra and color descriptors commonly extracted from those spectra. We used feather samples collected from Eastern Bluebirds (Sialia sialis) and Barn Swallows (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) to determine how black and white backgrounds influence color measurements. We measured the same feather sample in the same arrangement against a white index card and a piece of black cardstock and found that measurements taken against a white background tended to yield higher reflectance curves, which also resulted in significant differences in some color descriptors. Lightly colored, wispy, and small feathers seem to be particularly susceptible to background color effects. Thus, researchers using spectrometry to measure colorful traits should carefully consider the background against which they are taking measurements as white backgrounds tend to increase reflectance and certain feather colors or morphology (light and wispy) may be particularly susceptible to spectral contamination. RESUMEN (Spanish) Muchos estudios sobre coloración animal y del plumaje utilizan la espectrometría para obtener medidas objetivas de rasgos de color. Las medidas objetivas del color del plumaje son particularmente importantes debido a que el sistema visual de las aves es distinto del nuestro y la evaluación subjetiva del color por parte de los investigadores puede omitir algunas variaciones importantes del color o en señales de color. A medida que la espectrometría se ha convertido en uno de los métodos preferidos para medir el color, las metodologías apropiadas y los estándares para reportarlo se han ido refinando y mejorando su técnica, además de incrementar nuestra capacidad para realizar comparaciones entre estudios. En este trabajo investigamos otra decisión metodológica importante a la hora de examinar cómo el color del fondo contra el que se miden las muestras de afecta el espectro de reflectancia y a los descriptores de color comúnmente extraídos de dichos espectros. Usamos muestras de plumaje recolectadas de azulejos (Sialia sialis) y golondrinas (Hirundo rustica erythrogaster) para determinar cómo un fondo blanco y uno negro influyen en las medidas de color. Medimos la misma muestra de plumas en la misma disposición contra una tarjeta de ca","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":"135 1","pages":"1 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46949198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Field Guide to the Birds of the Dominican Republic & Haiti.","authors":"","doi":"10.1676/23-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/23-00002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":"135 1","pages":"99 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44648040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Williams, Laura R. Dykstra, Jacob P. Sieg, C. Dykstra
ABSTRACT Nest microclimate can be influenced by subtle differences in nest location such as topography and aspect, and can differ among nests located relatively close to each other. More favorable microclimates at nests may influence birds' nest-site selection and reproductive outcome. Yet most studies of nest microclimate have considered cavity-nesting species, and few have investigated a passerine open-cup nester. We compared the nest microclimates of 87 Hooded Warbler (Setophaga citrina) nests built in subtly different topographical positions (ridge, slope, and valley) at Tar Hollow State Forest in southern Ohio. We then examined the relationships of nest topographical position and aspect to parental age and to 3 measures of reproductive outcome. We predicted that older, more experienced birds would nest in more favorable (warmer) sites and would have greater reproductive success at these sites. We found significant differences in nest microclimate among nest sites that differed subtly in topography and aspect. As expected, nest sites in valleys had significantly lower ambient temperatures (mean, minimum, and maximum daily temperatures) than those higher up on the ridges. However, nest aspect had few effects on ambient temperature at nest sites. When considering the nest sites used by females of different ages, we found some evidence that older (after second year) females had warmer nest sites than younger (second-year) females, supporting our prediction. However, there was no evidence that older females or warmer nests were associated with greater reproductive success, contrary to our expectations. Our findings suggested that although topography significantly influences nest microclimate, factors other than temperature differences are more important determinants of reproductive success, and that other considerations influence the older birds' selection of warmer nest sites on ridges. The relationships among nest microclimate, nest site selection, and reproductive success are complex and require additional study for open-cup nesters. RESUMEN (Spanish) El microclima de los nidos puede ser influenciado por diferencias sutiles en la localización del nido como la topografía y el aspecto y puede diferir entre nidos localizados relativamente cerca uno del otro. Microclimas más favorables pueden influir en la selección de sitio de los nidos que hacen las aves y en su desenlace reproductivo. Sin embargo, muchos estudios de microclima de nido han considerado especies que anidan en cavidades y pocos han investigado especies paserinas de anidación de copa abierta. Comparamos microclimas de 87 nidos de la reinita Setophaga citrina contruidos en posiciones topográficas ligeramente distintas (cresta, ladera y valle) en Tar Hollow State Forest, al sudeste de Ohio. Examinamos luego la relación de la posición topográfica del nido con la edad parental y 3 medidas del resultado reproductivo. Nuestra predicción fue que las aves más viejas anidarían en sitios más
{"title":"Consequences of topography on nest microclimate and reproductive success in an open-cup nesting passerine","authors":"K. Williams, Laura R. Dykstra, Jacob P. Sieg, C. Dykstra","doi":"10.1676/22-00061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/22-00061","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Nest microclimate can be influenced by subtle differences in nest location such as topography and aspect, and can differ among nests located relatively close to each other. More favorable microclimates at nests may influence birds' nest-site selection and reproductive outcome. Yet most studies of nest microclimate have considered cavity-nesting species, and few have investigated a passerine open-cup nester. We compared the nest microclimates of 87 Hooded Warbler (Setophaga citrina) nests built in subtly different topographical positions (ridge, slope, and valley) at Tar Hollow State Forest in southern Ohio. We then examined the relationships of nest topographical position and aspect to parental age and to 3 measures of reproductive outcome. We predicted that older, more experienced birds would nest in more favorable (warmer) sites and would have greater reproductive success at these sites. We found significant differences in nest microclimate among nest sites that differed subtly in topography and aspect. As expected, nest sites in valleys had significantly lower ambient temperatures (mean, minimum, and maximum daily temperatures) than those higher up on the ridges. However, nest aspect had few effects on ambient temperature at nest sites. When considering the nest sites used by females of different ages, we found some evidence that older (after second year) females had warmer nest sites than younger (second-year) females, supporting our prediction. However, there was no evidence that older females or warmer nests were associated with greater reproductive success, contrary to our expectations. Our findings suggested that although topography significantly influences nest microclimate, factors other than temperature differences are more important determinants of reproductive success, and that other considerations influence the older birds' selection of warmer nest sites on ridges. The relationships among nest microclimate, nest site selection, and reproductive success are complex and require additional study for open-cup nesters. RESUMEN (Spanish) El microclima de los nidos puede ser influenciado por diferencias sutiles en la localización del nido como la topografía y el aspecto y puede diferir entre nidos localizados relativamente cerca uno del otro. Microclimas más favorables pueden influir en la selección de sitio de los nidos que hacen las aves y en su desenlace reproductivo. Sin embargo, muchos estudios de microclima de nido han considerado especies que anidan en cavidades y pocos han investigado especies paserinas de anidación de copa abierta. Comparamos microclimas de 87 nidos de la reinita Setophaga citrina contruidos en posiciones topográficas ligeramente distintas (cresta, ladera y valle) en Tar Hollow State Forest, al sudeste de Ohio. Examinamos luego la relación de la posición topográfica del nido con la edad parental y 3 medidas del resultado reproductivo. Nuestra predicción fue que las aves más viejas anidarían en sitios más ","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":"135 1","pages":"56 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47821047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The diet of the Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus) has been described in at least 12 states. The diet of this species has not yet been described in Florida, although this state contains an endemic subspecies (B. l. extimus) first described more than 100 years ago. This study characterizes the prey items Red-shouldered Hawks provided to their nestlings in southern Florida using nest cameras at 2 nests in spring 2018 and 4 nests in spring 2019. Seventy-two percent of 1,024 recorded prey deliveries were identifiable to class. Reptiles and amphibians were the most frequently consumed prey classes, as expected, given that Red-shouldered Hawks were previously found to consume more mammals in their northern range and more amphibians and reptiles in their southern range. The diet breadth was lowest at the most urban nest in this study. Each pair successfully fledged all nestlings present when the cameras were installed, although they provided a wide variety of prey amounts and types. RESUMEN (Spanish) La dieta del gavilán Buteo lineatus ha sido descrita en al menos 12 estados. La dieta de esta especie no ha sido aún descrita en Florida, aunque en el estado se ha registrado una subespecie endémica (Buteo lineatus extimus) descrita por primera vez hace más de 100 años. Este estudio caracteriza las presas que los gavilanes Buteo lineatus usaban para alimentar a sus polluelos en el sudeste de Florida usando cámaras en 2 nidos en la primavera del 2018 y en 4 nidos en la primavera del 2019. Setenta y dos por ciento de las 1024 presas llevadas registradas fueron identificadas a clase. Reptiles y anfibios eran las clases de presas más frecuentemente consumidas, como era esperado, ya que los gavilanes Buteo lineatus consumen más mamíferos en la parte norteña de su distribución y más anfibios y reptiles en la parte sureña. La amplitud de dieta era menor en la mayoría de nidos urbanos en este estudio. Cada pareja tuvo éxito en emancipar a los polluelos que fueron grabados, aunque les dieron presas que variaron ampliamente en tipo y cantidad. Palabras clave: amplitud de dieta análisis de hábitat cámaras en el nido gradiente urbano, presas no nativas
红肩鹰(Buteo lineatus)的饮食至少在12个州被描述过。该物种的饮食尚未在佛罗里达州被描述，尽管该州包含一种地方性亚种(B. l. extimus)在100多年前首次被描述。本研究在2018年春季的2个巢穴和2019年春季的4个巢穴中使用巢穴摄像机，描述了红肩鹰在佛罗里达州南部为其巢穴提供的猎物。在1,024次记录的猎物交付中，72%是可识别的。正如预期的那样，爬行动物和两栖动物是最常被捕食的猎物，因为之前发现红肩鹰在其北部活动范围内捕食更多的哺乳动物，在其南部活动范围内捕食更多的两栖动物和爬行动物。在本研究中，大多数城市巢的饮食宽度最低。当摄像机被安装时，每一对都成功地孵出了所有的雏鸟，尽管它们提供了各种各样的猎物数量和类型。resume(西班牙语)La dieta del gavilán Buteo lineatus ha sido desita en al menos 12 estados。在佛罗里达州，有一个特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，特别登记的地方，有más de 100 años。Este estustudio设计了一幢位于佛罗里达州的建筑，由Buteo lineatus usaban paralimentar和suspolluelos组成，由usando cámaras设计，2018年和2019年分别为2幢和4幢。在一个类中，将所有的注册表和标识符作为一个类，然后将所有的注册表和标识符作为一个类。爬行动物通过抗菌动物和爬虫类通过抗菌动物más freuentemente consumidas, como era esperado, ya que los gavilanes Buteo lineatus consumen más mamíferos en la partite norteña de su distribución y más抗菌动物en la partite sureña。La振幅de dieta era menmenet en La mayoría de nidos urbanos en este studio。加拿大的自由和自由是一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由，一种自由。Palabras clave:植物的振幅análisis de hábitat cámaras和植物的梯度，没有原生植物
{"title":"Breeding season diet of the Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus extimus) in southern Florida","authors":"Donna M. Marain","doi":"10.1676/21-00114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/21-00114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The diet of the Red-shouldered Hawk (Buteo lineatus) has been described in at least 12 states. The diet of this species has not yet been described in Florida, although this state contains an endemic subspecies (B. l. extimus) first described more than 100 years ago. This study characterizes the prey items Red-shouldered Hawks provided to their nestlings in southern Florida using nest cameras at 2 nests in spring 2018 and 4 nests in spring 2019. Seventy-two percent of 1,024 recorded prey deliveries were identifiable to class. Reptiles and amphibians were the most frequently consumed prey classes, as expected, given that Red-shouldered Hawks were previously found to consume more mammals in their northern range and more amphibians and reptiles in their southern range. The diet breadth was lowest at the most urban nest in this study. Each pair successfully fledged all nestlings present when the cameras were installed, although they provided a wide variety of prey amounts and types. RESUMEN (Spanish) La dieta del gavilán Buteo lineatus ha sido descrita en al menos 12 estados. La dieta de esta especie no ha sido aún descrita en Florida, aunque en el estado se ha registrado una subespecie endémica (Buteo lineatus extimus) descrita por primera vez hace más de 100 años. Este estudio caracteriza las presas que los gavilanes Buteo lineatus usaban para alimentar a sus polluelos en el sudeste de Florida usando cámaras en 2 nidos en la primavera del 2018 y en 4 nidos en la primavera del 2019. Setenta y dos por ciento de las 1024 presas llevadas registradas fueron identificadas a clase. Reptiles y anfibios eran las clases de presas más frecuentemente consumidas, como era esperado, ya que los gavilanes Buteo lineatus consumen más mamíferos en la parte norteña de su distribución y más anfibios y reptiles en la parte sureña. La amplitud de dieta era menor en la mayoría de nidos urbanos en este estudio. Cada pareja tuvo éxito en emancipar a los polluelos que fueron grabados, aunque les dieron presas que variaron ampliamente en tipo y cantidad. Palabras clave: amplitud de dieta análisis de hábitat cámaras en el nido gradiente urbano, presas no nativas","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":"135 1","pages":"74 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43242913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabio Schunck, Wesley Pereira Soares, L. R. Malagoli
{"title":"Reproduction of the Red-ruffed Fruitcrow (Pyroderus scutatus scutatus) next to the largest urban area in South America","authors":"Fabio Schunck, Wesley Pereira Soares, L. R. Malagoli","doi":"10.1676/20-00106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/20-00106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49311488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Atypical molt sequences among primaries of Harris's Hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus harrisi) in south Texas","authors":"W. S. Clark","doi":"10.1676/22-00028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/22-00028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44525325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jia, Yun Fang, Mei Shi, Jin-Ming Zhao, Yue-Hua Sun
{"title":"Nest predators of Chinese Grouse (Tetrastes sewerzowi) at Lianhuashan, Gansu, China","authors":"J. Jia, Yun Fang, Mei Shi, Jin-Ming Zhao, Yue-Hua Sun","doi":"10.1676/22-00027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/22-00027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42351175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Carroll, R. L. Carroll, C. Davis, R. D. Elmore, S. Fuhlendorf
{"title":"Multi-episode depredations at 2 sympatric quail nests","authors":"J. Carroll, R. L. Carroll, C. Davis, R. D. Elmore, S. Fuhlendorf","doi":"10.1676/22-00031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1676/22-00031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54404,"journal":{"name":"Wilson Journal Of Ornithology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44496409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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