K. Paredes-Villanueva, A. Boom, Jente Ottenburghs, P. van der Sleen, R. D. Manzanedo, F. Bongers, P. Zuidema
ABSTRACT With increasing concerns about sustainable exploitation of tropical timber, there is a need for developing independent tools to check their origin. We evaluated the potential of tree-ring stable isotopes for identifying four Cedrela species (C. balansae, C. fissilis, C. odorata, and C. saltensis) and for identifying geographic origin of C. fissilis and C. odorata, two of the most intensively exploited species. We studied differences in δ13C and δ18O of wood among 11 forest sites (163 trees). We quantified isotope composition of 10-year bulk samples, and for a subset we also evaluated isotopic annual fluctuations for the last 10 years. Although annual isotopic variability was not correlated to precipitation or elevation, we found a significant relationship between the 10-year bulk stable-isotope composition and average precipitation and elevation. However these relationships were not consistent across all sites. We also explored isotopic site and species differentiation using Kernel Discriminant Analyses. Site discrimination was low: 30% accuracy for C. odorata, and 40% for C. fissilis sites. However, species discrimination was 57.5% for C. odorata and 95.3% for C. fissilis. These results suggest that although δ13C and δ18O isotopic analyses hold potential to verify species identification, discrimination of geographical origin within a country may still be challenging.
{"title":"Isotopic Characterization of Cedrela to Verify Species and Regional Provenance of Bolivian Timber","authors":"K. Paredes-Villanueva, A. Boom, Jente Ottenburghs, P. van der Sleen, R. D. Manzanedo, F. Bongers, P. Zuidema","doi":"10.3959/2021-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/2021-17","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT With increasing concerns about sustainable exploitation of tropical timber, there is a need for developing independent tools to check their origin. We evaluated the potential of tree-ring stable isotopes for identifying four Cedrela species (C. balansae, C. fissilis, C. odorata, and C. saltensis) and for identifying geographic origin of C. fissilis and C. odorata, two of the most intensively exploited species. We studied differences in δ13C and δ18O of wood among 11 forest sites (163 trees). We quantified isotope composition of 10-year bulk samples, and for a subset we also evaluated isotopic annual fluctuations for the last 10 years. Although annual isotopic variability was not correlated to precipitation or elevation, we found a significant relationship between the 10-year bulk stable-isotope composition and average precipitation and elevation. However these relationships were not consistent across all sites. We also explored isotopic site and species differentiation using Kernel Discriminant Analyses. Site discrimination was low: 30% accuracy for C. odorata, and 40% for C. fissilis sites. However, species discrimination was 57.5% for C. odorata and 95.3% for C. fissilis. These results suggest that although δ13C and δ18O isotopic analyses hold potential to verify species identification, discrimination of geographical origin within a country may still be challenging.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"73 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46098424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christopher A. Trinies, A. Bunn, C. Robertson, K. Anchukaitis
ABSTRACT Long-term paleoclimate reconstructions of temperature provide context for the magnitude of recent anthropogenic warming, help quantify the climate response to radiative forcing, and better characterize the range of natural variability. In North America, temperature-sensitive tree-ring proxy data remain sparse, which limits the spatial and temporal extent of these reconstructions. Here we present an analysis of yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis) growth in Washington State (USA) and its relationship to climate. Combining empirical statistical analysis with a process model of xylogenesis, we show that tree-ring chronologies from three high-elevation sites in the North Cascades are primarily controlled by temperature. We then use these chronologies to reconstruct summer temperatures over the period 1333 to 2015 CE, adding a new proxy to the North American network of temperature-sensitive trees. Comparison with an existing large-scale spatial gridded reconstruction suggests this species offers important local and regional information on past temperatures.
{"title":"Dendroclimatology of Yellow-Cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis) and Temperature Variability on the Western Slopes of the North Cascades in Washington State, USA, from 1333 to 2015 CE","authors":"Christopher A. Trinies, A. Bunn, C. Robertson, K. Anchukaitis","doi":"10.3959/2021-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/2021-20","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Long-term paleoclimate reconstructions of temperature provide context for the magnitude of recent anthropogenic warming, help quantify the climate response to radiative forcing, and better characterize the range of natural variability. In North America, temperature-sensitive tree-ring proxy data remain sparse, which limits the spatial and temporal extent of these reconstructions. Here we present an analysis of yellow-cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis) growth in Washington State (USA) and its relationship to climate. Combining empirical statistical analysis with a process model of xylogenesis, we show that tree-ring chronologies from three high-elevation sites in the North Cascades are primarily controlled by temperature. We then use these chronologies to reconstruct summer temperatures over the period 1333 to 2015 CE, adding a new proxy to the North American network of temperature-sensitive trees. Comparison with an existing large-scale spatial gridded reconstruction suggests this species offers important local and regional information on past temperatures.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"113 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48398550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. S. Klaassen, T. Ważny, K. Čufar, C. Krause, P. Kuniholm, J. Dean, E. Liang, Yu Liu, N. Pumijumnong, Jeong-Wook Seo, S. Leavitt
a dozen the Tree-Ring Research University of Arizona for an International Workshop on Dendroclimatology. Organized by Harold C. Fritts, the Workshop was designed, among other things, to acquaint important members of the dendrochronological community with one another and to develop common goals, procedures, and standards for the burgeoning practice of dendroclimatology. Dieter was an enthusiastic participant in these efforts and was instrumental in furthering the goals of the Workshop both during and after its deliberations. Notable accomplishments of the meeting include establishing a collec-tive basis for future dendroclimatic research, laying the founda- tions for what would become the International Tree-Ring Data Base, and transforming the somewhat parochial Tree-Ring So- ciety into an international organization that represents dendrochronology around the globe. My contact with Dieter did not end with the Dendroclimatic Workshop. As long-term officers of the reformulated Tree-Ring Society we frequently consulted on Society policies and operations as well as current developments in the fields. As an archaeologist, I am particularly interested in and appreciative of Dieter’s interests in and manifest contributions to the many aspects of dendroarchaeology. I remain in awe of his pioneering work at Haithabu (Hedeby) and his continuing work along these lines. We had many fruitful discussions of is-sues concerning the relationships between tree-ring dates and other kinds of archaeological data.
他在亚利桑那大学的树木年轮研究中心参加了一个关于树木气候学的国际研讨会。研讨会由Harold C. Fritts组织，其目的之一是让树木年代学领域的重要成员相互了解，并为树木气候学的蓬勃发展制定共同的目标、程序和标准。迪特尔是这些努力的热心参与者，并在讨论期间和之后为促进讲习班的目标发挥了重要作用。会议的显著成就包括为未来的树木气候学研究建立了一个集体基础，为后来的国际树木年轮数据库奠定了基础，并将有些狭隘的树木年轮学会转变为一个代表全球树木年轮学的国际组织。我与迪特的接触并没有结束于树木气候研讨会。作为改组后的树轮协会的长期干事，我们经常就协会的政策和行动以及各领域的当前发展进行咨询。作为一名考古学家，我对迪特尔在树木考古学的许多方面所表现出的兴趣和贡献特别感兴趣和欣赏。我仍然对他在海萨布(Hedeby)的开创性工作以及他沿着这条路线继续工作感到敬畏。关于树木年轮日期和其他考古数据之间的关系，我们进行了许多卓有成效的讨论。
{"title":"Bridging People, Countries and Continents to Promote DendrochronologyIn MemoriamDieter Eckstein 1939–2021","authors":"U. S. Klaassen, T. Ważny, K. Čufar, C. Krause, P. Kuniholm, J. Dean, E. Liang, Yu Liu, N. Pumijumnong, Jeong-Wook Seo, S. Leavitt","doi":"10.3959/2022-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/2022-3","url":null,"abstract":"a dozen the Tree-Ring Research University of Arizona for an International Workshop on Dendroclimatology. Organized by Harold C. Fritts, the Workshop was designed, among other things, to acquaint important members of the dendrochronological community with one another and to develop common goals, procedures, and standards for the burgeoning practice of dendroclimatology. Dieter was an enthusiastic participant in these efforts and was instrumental in furthering the goals of the Workshop both during and after its deliberations. Notable accomplishments of the meeting include establishing a collec-tive basis for future dendroclimatic research, laying the founda- tions for what would become the International Tree-Ring Data Base, and transforming the somewhat parochial Tree-Ring So- ciety into an international organization that represents dendrochronology around the globe. My contact with Dieter did not end with the Dendroclimatic Workshop. As long-term officers of the reformulated Tree-Ring Society we frequently consulted on Society policies and operations as well as current developments in the fields. As an archaeologist, I am particularly interested in and appreciative of Dieter’s interests in and manifest contributions to the many aspects of dendroarchaeology. I remain in awe of his pioneering work at Haithabu (Hedeby) and his continuing work along these lines. We had many fruitful discussions of is-sues concerning the relationships between tree-ring dates and other kinds of archaeological data.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"156 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44889782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicholas V. Kessler, P. Welch, B. Butler, Tamira K. Brennan, R. Towner, G. Hodgins
ABSTRACT Wiggle-matched 14C dates anchored an 82-year floating cedar tree-ring chronology from the basal layer of a Mississippian Period mound to AD 1170 ± 9 (1σ) (outermost ring). Although numerical cross-matching showed preference for a temporal placement consistent with the 14C dates and visual matching, statistical scores were below critical thresholds for annual crossdating. Sapwood-corrected terminus post quem dates for the material, and their stratigraphic relationship with overlying dates, show that the earliest truncate mound construction at Mound 4 occurred after AD 1177. This date is informative for the timing of the transition of Kincaid to a major regional center and does not support an earlier hypothesis that Mound 4 was constructed in Early Kincaid times (AD 1050–1150). These results demonstrate the potential for archaeological collections to extend long tree-ring chronologies in the Midwestern U.S.
{"title":"Wiggle-Matched Red Cedar from a Pre-Monumental Occupation at Kincaid Mounds, Illinois, USA","authors":"Nicholas V. Kessler, P. Welch, B. Butler, Tamira K. Brennan, R. Towner, G. Hodgins","doi":"10.3959/2021-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/2021-22","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wiggle-matched 14C dates anchored an 82-year floating cedar tree-ring chronology from the basal layer of a Mississippian Period mound to AD 1170 ± 9 (1σ) (outermost ring). Although numerical cross-matching showed preference for a temporal placement consistent with the 14C dates and visual matching, statistical scores were below critical thresholds for annual crossdating. Sapwood-corrected terminus post quem dates for the material, and their stratigraphic relationship with overlying dates, show that the earliest truncate mound construction at Mound 4 occurred after AD 1177. This date is informative for the timing of the transition of Kincaid to a major regional center and does not support an earlier hypothesis that Mound 4 was constructed in Early Kincaid times (AD 1050–1150). These results demonstrate the potential for archaeological collections to extend long tree-ring chronologies in the Midwestern U.S.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"100 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45662163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Increment cores with intact tree rings are crucial in dendrochronological investigations to age trees. However, it is not always possible to obtain complete cores from trees because of rot, so alternative methods need to be explored. We tested the collection of one oblique core and one straight core reaching the pith at breast height from 12 sound Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees. We simulated a missing inner part (caused by hypothetical rot) from each straight core, and estimated the trees' ages from both the oblique and straight cores, using several methods. We then compared the estimates to ages obtained from the complete cores, and found that the mean absolute error was lower for estimates from partial straight cores (17.75%) than from oblique cores (47.58%). We then obtained oblique cores from 14 hollow pines affected by rot, to test the applicability of this practice to real rotten trees. We concluded that oblique coring is not suitable for pine trees because of high failure rates of coring attempts and large distances between the cores and chronological centers of the trees' stems. We recommend the collection of two cores aiming straight toward the center of trunk to increase the chances of obtaining an accurate age estimation. RÉSUMÉ Les carottes de sondage collectées sur les arbres sont d'une grande importance dans diverses études en dendrochronologie pour determiner l'âge des arbres. Cependant, les arbres creux ne permettent pas d'obtenir des échantillons comportant toutes les cernes de croissance, rendant nécessaire l'exploration de méthodes alternatives. Nous avons ainsi testé la collecte de deux carottes (une visant le centre géométrique de l'arbre, l'autre oblique évitant le coeur du tronc) sur 12 pins sylvestres sains (Pinus sylvestris). Sur chaque échantillon visant le centre, un coeur pourri a été simulé. L'âge de l'arbre a été estimé à partir de cet échantillon rendu incomplet, puis à partir de l'échantillon oblique en utilisant les méthodes appropriées. Ces estimations ont été comparées à l'âge de référence. L'erreur absolue moyenne était plus faible pour les échantillons droits tronqués (17.75%) que pour les échantillons obliques (47.58%). L'applicabilité de cette méthode a ensuite été testée sur 14 pins creux. La collecte de carottes de sondage obliques n'est pas adaptée aux pins en raison d'un fort taux d'échec d'échantillonnage, et de la distance trop importante entre les carottes et le centre chronologique de l'arbre. Il est conseillé de collecter deux échantillons droits, pour augmenter les chances d'avoir une estimation vraisemblable de l'âge.
{"title":"Collecting Cores to Age Hollow Trees: A Research Note on Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)","authors":"M. Baudet, L. Östlund","doi":"10.3959/2021-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/2021-7","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Increment cores with intact tree rings are crucial in dendrochronological investigations to age trees. However, it is not always possible to obtain complete cores from trees because of rot, so alternative methods need to be explored. We tested the collection of one oblique core and one straight core reaching the pith at breast height from 12 sound Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees. We simulated a missing inner part (caused by hypothetical rot) from each straight core, and estimated the trees' ages from both the oblique and straight cores, using several methods. We then compared the estimates to ages obtained from the complete cores, and found that the mean absolute error was lower for estimates from partial straight cores (17.75%) than from oblique cores (47.58%). We then obtained oblique cores from 14 hollow pines affected by rot, to test the applicability of this practice to real rotten trees. We concluded that oblique coring is not suitable for pine trees because of high failure rates of coring attempts and large distances between the cores and chronological centers of the trees' stems. We recommend the collection of two cores aiming straight toward the center of trunk to increase the chances of obtaining an accurate age estimation. RÉSUMÉ Les carottes de sondage collectées sur les arbres sont d'une grande importance dans diverses études en dendrochronologie pour determiner l'âge des arbres. Cependant, les arbres creux ne permettent pas d'obtenir des échantillons comportant toutes les cernes de croissance, rendant nécessaire l'exploration de méthodes alternatives. Nous avons ainsi testé la collecte de deux carottes (une visant le centre géométrique de l'arbre, l'autre oblique évitant le coeur du tronc) sur 12 pins sylvestres sains (Pinus sylvestris). Sur chaque échantillon visant le centre, un coeur pourri a été simulé. L'âge de l'arbre a été estimé à partir de cet échantillon rendu incomplet, puis à partir de l'échantillon oblique en utilisant les méthodes appropriées. Ces estimations ont été comparées à l'âge de référence. L'erreur absolue moyenne était plus faible pour les échantillons droits tronqués (17.75%) que pour les échantillons obliques (47.58%). L'applicabilité de cette méthode a ensuite été testée sur 14 pins creux. La collecte de carottes de sondage obliques n'est pas adaptée aux pins en raison d'un fort taux d'échec d'échantillonnage, et de la distance trop importante entre les carottes et le centre chronologique de l'arbre. Il est conseillé de collecter deux échantillons droits, pour augmenter les chances d'avoir une estimation vraisemblable de l'âge.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"150 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44521396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT There is a tendency of warming and wetting in northwestern China in recent decades. However, less is known about whether or not tree growth shows an increasing trend. In this study, we developed three tree-ring width chronologies of Picea schrenkiana in the northern Tianshan Mountains to assess changes in the radial growth of P. schrenkiana and to discuss the stability of the relationships between tree growth and climate. Three chronologies all showed that the tree-ring index has declined significantly since the 1960s. At two western sites, the growth of P. schrenkiana was negatively affected by the summer temperature of the previous year. At the eastern site, early summer temperature-induced drought of the current year was the key factor affecting tree growth. The result of moving-window correlations was consistent with correlation analyses. Spatial correlation analyses revealed that variations in tree-ring width could respond to a wide range of temperature changes in northwestern China, especially in the past half century. We expect that climate warming hinders the radial growth of P. schrenkiana in the northern Tianshan Mountains. Our study also helps to clarify the characteristics of tree growth in northwestern China under the influence of westerlies.
{"title":"Radial Growth of Picea schrenkiana Influenced by Increasing Temperature in the Tianshan Mountains","authors":"Yuan Jiang, Shuai Yuan, L. Jiao","doi":"10.3959/TRR2021-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2021-13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a tendency of warming and wetting in northwestern China in recent decades. However, less is known about whether or not tree growth shows an increasing trend. In this study, we developed three tree-ring width chronologies of Picea schrenkiana in the northern Tianshan Mountains to assess changes in the radial growth of P. schrenkiana and to discuss the stability of the relationships between tree growth and climate. Three chronologies all showed that the tree-ring index has declined significantly since the 1960s. At two western sites, the growth of P. schrenkiana was negatively affected by the summer temperature of the previous year. At the eastern site, early summer temperature-induced drought of the current year was the key factor affecting tree growth. The result of moving-window correlations was consistent with correlation analyses. Spatial correlation analyses revealed that variations in tree-ring width could respond to a wide range of temperature changes in northwestern China, especially in the past half century. We expect that climate warming hinders the radial growth of P. schrenkiana in the northern Tianshan Mountains. Our study also helps to clarify the characteristics of tree growth in northwestern China under the influence of westerlies.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"90 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43527434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wojciech Kędziora, R. Tomusiak, R. Touchan, D. Meko, Altynai Anarbekova, Jean Baverstock, Tony Chahine, Y. Khotyanovskaya, T. Kostyakova, Pavel Peresunko, J. Rezsöhazy, K. Szyc, I. Tychkov, K. K. Upadhyay
ABSTRACT This report describes an international summer course, “Tree Rings, Climate, Natural Resources, and Human Interaction”, held in Cheriomushki, Russia, in the summer of 2018. The course was attended by 12 participants from six countries (Belgium, India, Lebanon, Poland, Russia, and South Africa) and instructors from the USA and included basic training in dendrochronology skills and dendroclimatology and dendroecology projects. This report focuses on a nested May–July Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) reconstruction from annual rings of Pinus sylvestris trees growing in the region and also explores false-ring (FR) occurrence in samples collected during the course. Four chronologies, one developed during the course from Maina District, Khakassia, Russia, are used in the reconstruction, which was based on principal component (PC) regression. The nested reconstruction demonstrated a strong statistical relationship between PDSI and tree-ring growth and allowed for an assessment of climate variability on both interannual and interdecadal time scales. FR occurrence in tree cores collected along an elevational transect from a site along the Yenisei River north of Cheriomushki was found to differ depending on the position of trees on the slope. The frequency of FRs and the location of the FR within the annual ring also appear to be related to seasonal precipitation anomalies.
{"title":"PDSI Reconstruction from Tree Rings in Central Siberia (Russia)","authors":"Wojciech Kędziora, R. Tomusiak, R. Touchan, D. Meko, Altynai Anarbekova, Jean Baverstock, Tony Chahine, Y. Khotyanovskaya, T. Kostyakova, Pavel Peresunko, J. Rezsöhazy, K. Szyc, I. Tychkov, K. K. Upadhyay","doi":"10.3959/TRR2021-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2021-6","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This report describes an international summer course, “Tree Rings, Climate, Natural Resources, and Human Interaction”, held in Cheriomushki, Russia, in the summer of 2018. The course was attended by 12 participants from six countries (Belgium, India, Lebanon, Poland, Russia, and South Africa) and instructors from the USA and included basic training in dendrochronology skills and dendroclimatology and dendroecology projects. This report focuses on a nested May–July Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) reconstruction from annual rings of Pinus sylvestris trees growing in the region and also explores false-ring (FR) occurrence in samples collected during the course. Four chronologies, one developed during the course from Maina District, Khakassia, Russia, are used in the reconstruction, which was based on principal component (PC) regression. The nested reconstruction demonstrated a strong statistical relationship between PDSI and tree-ring growth and allowed for an assessment of climate variability on both interannual and interdecadal time scales. FR occurrence in tree cores collected along an elevational transect from a site along the Yenisei River north of Cheriomushki was found to differ depending on the position of trees on the slope. The frequency of FRs and the location of the FR within the annual ring also appear to be related to seasonal precipitation anomalies.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48407390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcos González-Cásares, M. Pompa-García, J. R. Padilla-Martínez
ABSTRACT Forest management constantly seeks tools that can optimize the production of goods and services. As natural archives, tree rings have proven to be effective in terms of refining the dynamics of growth on a temporal basis. This study evaluates the application of these tree rings in estimating the effect of pith eccentricity on forest growth, modeling the increase in basal area (BAI) and identifying disturbances in five coexisting species in northern Mexico. A Wilcoxon rank sum test showed significant differences, with higher radial growth in the north direction compared to the other directions. A mixed model analysis revealed two patterns of BAI growth, fast and slow growing. The former includes P. arizonica, P. engelmannii and P. leiophylla, whereas the latter comprises P. durangensis and P. lumholtzii. The fast-growing group shows a higher increment during the sapling stage. However, during subsequent stages, it presents growth rates similar to those of the slow-growing group. Finally, the percentage growth change (PGC) filter approach identified species disturbances with differential species responses, which temporarily cause uneven-aged forest. We conclude that tree rings can provide valuable information for forest management, and their temporal amplitude can be supported with information from permanent plots.
森林管理不断寻求能够优化商品和服务生产的工具。作为自然档案，树木年轮已被证明在时间基础上有效地改善生长动态。本研究评估了这些树木年轮在估计树干偏心度对森林生长的影响、模拟基底面积(BAI)的增加和识别墨西哥北部五种共存物种的干扰方面的应用。Wilcoxon秩和检验显示了显著差异，与其他方向相比，北方方向的径向生长更高。混合模型分析显示了BAI的两种生长模式:快速生长和缓慢生长。前者包括稻谷P. arizonica, P. engelmannii和P. leiophylla，后者包括durangensis和P. lumholtzii。速生组在幼树期表现出较高的增长量。然而，在随后的阶段，它表现出与缓慢生长组相似的生长速度。最后，采用生长百分率变化(PGC)滤波方法识别出具有差异物种响应的物种干扰，这些干扰暂时导致了林龄不均匀。树木年轮可以为森林管理提供有价值的信息，其时间振幅可以得到永久样地信息的支持。
{"title":"Pith Eccentricity, Basal Area Increments and Disturbances Inferred from Tree-Ring Growth","authors":"Marcos González-Cásares, M. Pompa-García, J. R. Padilla-Martínez","doi":"10.3959/TRR2021-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2021-1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Forest management constantly seeks tools that can optimize the production of goods and services. As natural archives, tree rings have proven to be effective in terms of refining the dynamics of growth on a temporal basis. This study evaluates the application of these tree rings in estimating the effect of pith eccentricity on forest growth, modeling the increase in basal area (BAI) and identifying disturbances in five coexisting species in northern Mexico. A Wilcoxon rank sum test showed significant differences, with higher radial growth in the north direction compared to the other directions. A mixed model analysis revealed two patterns of BAI growth, fast and slow growing. The former includes P. arizonica, P. engelmannii and P. leiophylla, whereas the latter comprises P. durangensis and P. lumholtzii. The fast-growing group shows a higher increment during the sapling stage. However, during subsequent stages, it presents growth rates similar to those of the slow-growing group. Finally, the percentage growth change (PGC) filter approach identified species disturbances with differential species responses, which temporarily cause uneven-aged forest. We conclude that tree rings can provide valuable information for forest management, and their temporal amplitude can be supported with information from permanent plots.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"25 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48427150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Dendrochronological research in NW Spain is aimed at developing reference chronologies of oak (Quercus sp.), which are suitable for absolute age determinations of cultural heritage from the Basque Country. So far, the main research interest has been on rural architecture such as farmhouses and barns. In order to extend the application range of Basque dendrochronology, the current study focuses on tree-ring research of rural furniture. In close consultation with the curators of cultural centre Gordailu (Irun), four granary chests and a wardrobe were selected for this pilot study. The tree-ring patterns of these objects significantly match against the new Basque reference chronologies, yielding absolute calendar years for the studied panels. The last-formed measured ring from the oldest granary chest in this collection dates to AD 1517. The other three chests have last-formed rings dating to AD 1580, 1665 and 1829, and the wardrobe has a last-formed ring dating to AD 1439. Sapwood ring counts from living oaks in this region were used to estimate the number of sapwood rings missing on the outside of the panels. Derived absolute and terminus post quem felling dates of wood were further refined by adding the estimated drying time of the wood based on information derived from traditional carpenters in this area. All dendrochronologically established construction dates constitute a correction or refinement of the original art-historical age determinations. In addition, the previously assigned provenance of one granary chest could be corrected. These results indicate that dendrochronology is an excellent method to refine our knowledge about the age, and in some cases the exact geographical provenance, of rural movable heritage in and from the Basque region. The fact that the previously established provenance of four of the studied objects within the Basque Country could not be refined further implies that most Basque reference chronologies at present are not sufficiently specific for assessing wood provenance on an intra-regional scale. This can be solved in the future by reassembling the data underlying these chronologies into homogeneous timber groups covering smaller, ecologically more similar, geographical growth areas.
{"title":"Absolute Age Determinations of Rural Basque Furniture Using Dendrochronology: A Pilot Study of Four Granary Chests and a Wardrobe","authors":"J. Susperregi, E. Jansma","doi":"10.3959/TRR2021-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2021-16","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dendrochronological research in NW Spain is aimed at developing reference chronologies of oak (Quercus sp.), which are suitable for absolute age determinations of cultural heritage from the Basque Country. So far, the main research interest has been on rural architecture such as farmhouses and barns. In order to extend the application range of Basque dendrochronology, the current study focuses on tree-ring research of rural furniture. In close consultation with the curators of cultural centre Gordailu (Irun), four granary chests and a wardrobe were selected for this pilot study. The tree-ring patterns of these objects significantly match against the new Basque reference chronologies, yielding absolute calendar years for the studied panels. The last-formed measured ring from the oldest granary chest in this collection dates to AD 1517. The other three chests have last-formed rings dating to AD 1580, 1665 and 1829, and the wardrobe has a last-formed ring dating to AD 1439. Sapwood ring counts from living oaks in this region were used to estimate the number of sapwood rings missing on the outside of the panels. Derived absolute and terminus post quem felling dates of wood were further refined by adding the estimated drying time of the wood based on information derived from traditional carpenters in this area. All dendrochronologically established construction dates constitute a correction or refinement of the original art-historical age determinations. In addition, the previously assigned provenance of one granary chest could be corrected. These results indicate that dendrochronology is an excellent method to refine our knowledge about the age, and in some cases the exact geographical provenance, of rural movable heritage in and from the Basque region. The fact that the previously established provenance of four of the studied objects within the Basque Country could not be refined further implies that most Basque reference chronologies at present are not sufficiently specific for assessing wood provenance on an intra-regional scale. This can be solved in the future by reassembling the data underlying these chronologies into homogeneous timber groups covering smaller, ecologically more similar, geographical growth areas.","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"56 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43721711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Agafonov, R. Hantemirov, M. Hughes, V. Mazepa, I. Panyushkina, V. Shishov, E. Vaganov
StepanGrigorievich Shiyatov diedOctober 23, 2021, in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Professor Shiyatov was a leading pioneer of dendroecological and dendroclimatic studies in northern Eurasia and internationally. He had a well-deserved reputation for rigor in the central process of dendrochronology– crossdating. He early tackled other basic problems such as detrending of ring-width series and the realworld frequency distributions of ring widths. He knew his material, from the field context to the properties of the measured series. This, and his generousmentoring of colleagues at his own laboratory and across Russia and the former USSR, as well as internationally, led to the work for which he is best known in dendrochronology: the long-term temperature reconstructions from Siberian tree-ring networks and the Yamal multi-millennial chronology. He was born December 24, 1933, in Vladimirovka village, Zilair District, eastern European Russia. After high school he entered the Forestry Department of the Ural Forestry Institute (Sverdlovsk, now Yekaterinburg). As a student, he took part in several expeditions to the Subpolar and northern Urals. This stimulated his interest in vegetation growing at the upper limit of its latitudinal and elevational distribution. His graduation thesis, and first scientific work, was about the ecology and diversity of open woodlands and crooked forests, as well as the altitudinal patterns and spatial distribution of the upper forest limits within theKytlymMountains (NorthernUrals). After this, he worked for one year in the forestry industry until, in 1958, he joined the Ural Forest Experimental Station (Sverdlovsk) as a Research Assistant where he studied reforestation of concentrated felling areas and assessment of their fire hazard. In the fall of 1959 he enrolled in the postgraduate program at the Institute of Biology of the Ural Branch of
{"title":"In Memoriam Stepan G. Shiyatov 1933–2021","authors":"L. Agafonov, R. Hantemirov, M. Hughes, V. Mazepa, I. Panyushkina, V. Shishov, E. Vaganov","doi":"10.3959/TRR2021-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3959/TRR2021-23","url":null,"abstract":"StepanGrigorievich Shiyatov diedOctober 23, 2021, in Yekaterinburg, Russia. Professor Shiyatov was a leading pioneer of dendroecological and dendroclimatic studies in northern Eurasia and internationally. He had a well-deserved reputation for rigor in the central process of dendrochronology– crossdating. He early tackled other basic problems such as detrending of ring-width series and the realworld frequency distributions of ring widths. He knew his material, from the field context to the properties of the measured series. This, and his generousmentoring of colleagues at his own laboratory and across Russia and the former USSR, as well as internationally, led to the work for which he is best known in dendrochronology: the long-term temperature reconstructions from Siberian tree-ring networks and the Yamal multi-millennial chronology. He was born December 24, 1933, in Vladimirovka village, Zilair District, eastern European Russia. After high school he entered the Forestry Department of the Ural Forestry Institute (Sverdlovsk, now Yekaterinburg). As a student, he took part in several expeditions to the Subpolar and northern Urals. This stimulated his interest in vegetation growing at the upper limit of its latitudinal and elevational distribution. His graduation thesis, and first scientific work, was about the ecology and diversity of open woodlands and crooked forests, as well as the altitudinal patterns and spatial distribution of the upper forest limits within theKytlymMountains (NorthernUrals). After this, he worked for one year in the forestry industry until, in 1958, he joined the Ural Forest Experimental Station (Sverdlovsk) as a Research Assistant where he studied reforestation of concentrated felling areas and assessment of their fire hazard. In the fall of 1959 he enrolled in the postgraduate program at the Institute of Biology of the Ural Branch of","PeriodicalId":54416,"journal":{"name":"Tree-Ring Research","volume":"78 1","pages":"71 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43086449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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