Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2020-20101-9
G. Silvestre
The main objective of the FOOT (FragmentatiOn of Target) experiment is to measure the double differential cross-sections with respect to the kinetic energy and the angle of emission of fragments produced in nuclear interactions with an accuracy of 5%. Measurements will use the inverse kinematics approach to study the interaction of heavy ions with proton-rich targets and will be performed in two energy regions, one up to 400 MeV/u, to assess the effects of nuclear fragmentation in hadrontherapy treatment with proton beams, and up to 700 MeV/u, to improve the knowledge of the fragmentation of ions on nuclei to help with the design of space vehicles shielding.
{"title":"Expected performance of the FOOT experiment","authors":"G. Silvestre","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2020-20101-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2020-20101-9","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the FOOT (FragmentatiOn of Target) experiment is to measure the double differential cross-sections with respect to the kinetic energy and the angle of emission of fragments produced in nuclear interactions with an accuracy of 5%. Measurements will use the inverse kinematics approach to study the interaction of heavy ions with proton-rich targets and will be performed in two energy regions, one up to 400 MeV/u, to assess the effects of nuclear fragmentation in hadrontherapy treatment with proton beams, and up to 700 MeV/u, to improve the knowledge of the fragmentation of ions on nuclei to help with the design of space vehicles shielding.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"66 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79757154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2020-20100-X
D. Serini, L. Venere, P. Fusco, F. Giordano, F. Gargano, M. Mazziotta, P. D. Luque, F. Loparco, S. Loporchio
{"title":"Italian Physical Society : Characterization of plastic scintillators equipped with SiPM for the next generation of satellites for the study of cosmic radiation","authors":"D. Serini, L. Venere, P. Fusco, F. Giordano, F. Gargano, M. Mazziotta, P. D. Luque, F. Loparco, S. Loporchio","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2020-20100-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2020-20100-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"100 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87005047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2019-19245-0
G. Sigl
Recently the Pierre Auger Observatory has observed a dipolar anisotropy of amplitude 6.5% above 8 × 1018 eV that is unrelated to the Galactic plane. While the significance is largest above 8 × 1018 eV, the cosmic ray data indicate a growth of the dipolar amplitude from 4×1018 eV to 3.2×1019 eV and beyond. Furthermore, above 4 × 1019 eV, indications have been found for intermediate-scale anisotropies associated with extragalactic gamma-ray sources. Apart from those indications no other significant anisotropies are seen. We review these observations and discuss their relevance for the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays.
{"title":"Cosmic ray origin and anisotropy measurement by the Pierre Auger Observatory","authors":"G. Sigl","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2019-19245-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2019-19245-0","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the Pierre Auger Observatory has observed a dipolar anisotropy of amplitude 6.5% above 8 × 1018 eV that is unrelated to the Galactic plane. While the significance is largest above 8 × 1018 eV, the cosmic ray data indicate a growth of the dipolar amplitude from 4×1018 eV to 3.2×1019 eV and beyond. Furthermore, above 4 × 1019 eV, indications have been found for intermediate-scale anisotropies associated with extragalactic gamma-ray sources. Apart from those indications no other significant anisotropies are seen. We review these observations and discuss their relevance for the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"131 1","pages":"245"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75971482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2019-19253-0
R. Piandanion
The ultra rare $K rightarrow pi nuoverline{nu}$ process is one of the theoretically cleanest meson decay where to look for a stringent test of the Standard Model (SM). The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is designed to measure the branching ratio of the $K^+ rightarrow pi^+ nuoverline{nu}$ decay with 10% precision. After commissioning, in 2016 first data set good for physics has been collected. The data taking is foreseen till the LS2 at the end of 2018. Results obtained with the full 2016 data sample will be presented togheter with prospects for 2017 and 2018 data sets.
极其罕见的$K rightarrow pi nuoverline{nu}$过程是理论上最干净的介子衰变过程之一，需要对标准模型(SM)进行严格的测试。欧洲核子研究中心SPS的NA62实验旨在测量$K^+ rightarrow pi^+ nuoverline{nu}$衰变的分支比为10% precision. After commissioning, in 2016 first data set good for physics has been collected. The data taking is foreseen till the LS2 at the end of 2018. Results obtained with the full 2016 data sample will be presented togheter with prospects for 2017 and 2018 data sets.
{"title":"$K^+ rightarrow pi^+ nuoverline{nu}$ with NA62: 2016 results and prospects","authors":"R. Piandanion","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2019-19253-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2019-19253-0","url":null,"abstract":"The ultra rare $K rightarrow pi nuoverline{nu}$ process is one of the theoretically cleanest meson decay where to look for a stringent test of the Standard Model (SM). The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is designed to measure the branching ratio of the $K^+ rightarrow pi^+ nuoverline{nu}$ decay with 10% precision. After commissioning, in 2016 first data set good for physics has been collected. The data taking is foreseen till the LS2 at the end of 2018. Results obtained with the full 2016 data sample will be presented togheter with prospects for 2017 and 2018 data sets.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"15 1","pages":"253"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87298899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2019-19244-1
E. Bissaldi
The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) represents the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. It will be capable of detecting gamma rays in the energy range from 20 GeV to more than 300 TeV with unprecedented precision in energy and directional reconstruction. CTA will be located in the northern hemisphere at La Palma, Spain, and in the southern hemisphere at Paranal, Chile, and will comprise more than 100 telescopes of three different types. CTA will be one of the largest astronomical infrastuctures in the world with open data access and it will address questions in astronomy, astrophysics and fundamental physics in the next decades. In this contribution we will present the status of the CTA construction, discuss the telescope prototypes, highlight the scientific perspectives and the instrument performances.
{"title":"The Cerenkov Telescope Array project status","authors":"E. Bissaldi","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2019-19244-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2019-19244-1","url":null,"abstract":"The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) represents the next generation ground-based observatory for gamma-ray astronomy at very-high energies. It will be capable of detecting gamma rays in the energy range from 20 GeV to more than 300 TeV with unprecedented precision in energy and directional reconstruction. CTA will be located in the northern hemisphere at La Palma, Spain, and in the southern hemisphere at Paranal, Chile, and will comprise more than 100 telescopes of three different types. CTA will be one of the largest astronomical infrastuctures in the world with open data access and it will address questions in astronomy, astrophysics and fundamental physics in the next decades. In this contribution we will present the status of the CTA construction, discuss the telescope prototypes, highlight the scientific perspectives and the instrument performances.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"41 1","pages":"244"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90095813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2019-19252-1
A. Filippion
This paper reports preliminary measurements of the branching fractions of τ hadronic decays in channels with one negative kaon or pion and multiple π0’s: τ − → K − nπ0ντ (with n = 0, 1, 2, 3) and τ − → π − nπ0ντ (with n = 3, 4). These measurements are of fundamental importance for the precise determination of the |Vus| Cabibbo-Kobahashi-Maskawa matrix element. Based on a data sample of about 435 million τ pairs produced in e+e − collisions at and near the Υ(4S) peak, collected by the BABAR experiment in about ten years of data taking, the following values have been obtained: B(τ − → K − ντ) = (7.174±0.033stat ±0.213sys)×10 −3, B(τ − → K − π0ντ) = (5.054 ± 0.021stat ± 0.148sys) × 10 −3, B(τ − → K − 2π0ντ) = (6.151 ± 0.117stat ± 0.338sys) × 10 −4, B(τ − → K − 3π0ντ) = (1.246 ± 0.164stat ± 0.238sys) × 10 −4, B(τ − → π − 3π0ντ) = (1.168 ± 0.006stat ± 0.038sys) × 10 −2 and B(τ − → π − 4π0ντ) = (9.020 ± 0.400stat ± 0.652sys) × 10 −4.
{"title":"Impact on | $V_{us}$| from decays: New BaBar results on $tau^- to K^- n pi^0nu_{tau}$(n = 0, 1, 2, 3) and $tau^- to pi^- n pi^0 nu_{tau}$(n = 3, 4)","authors":"A. Filippion","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2019-19252-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2019-19252-1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports preliminary measurements of the branching fractions of τ hadronic decays in channels with one negative kaon or pion and multiple π0’s: τ − → K − nπ0ντ (with n = 0, 1, 2, 3) and τ − → π − nπ0ντ (with n = 3, 4). These measurements are of fundamental importance for the precise determination of the |Vus| Cabibbo-Kobahashi-Maskawa matrix element. Based on a data sample of about 435 million τ pairs produced in e+e − collisions at and near the Υ(4S) peak, collected by the BABAR experiment in about ten years of data taking, the following values have been obtained: B(τ − → K − ντ) = (7.174±0.033stat ±0.213sys)×10 −3, B(τ − → K − π0ντ) = (5.054 ± 0.021stat ± 0.148sys) × 10 −3, B(τ − → K − 2π0ντ) = (6.151 ± 0.117stat ± 0.338sys) × 10 −4, B(τ − → K − 3π0ντ) = (1.246 ± 0.164stat ± 0.238sys) × 10 −4, B(τ − → π − 3π0ντ) = (1.168 ± 0.006stat ± 0.038sys) × 10 −2 and B(τ − → π − 4π0ντ) = (9.020 ± 0.400stat ± 0.652sys) × 10 −4.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"85 1","pages":"252"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90520173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2020-20119-Y
F. Pompa
The current phase of the XENON Dark Matter Project, named XENONnT, will be operative in 2020 in the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). It is a multi-ton detector for direct search of Dark Matter, consisting of a double phase liquid-gas xenon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) which contains 5.9 tons of liquid xenon target mass, inserted in a cryostat surrounded by a tank containing 700 tons of water doped with Gd sulphate. Its aim, as that of its precursor XENON1T, is to detect elastic scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) off xenon nuclei. The presence of two Veto sub-systems, the muon Veto instrumented with 84 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and the neutron Veto with other 120 PMTs, allows to reduce the background for WIMPs search through muon and neutron tagging, while the presence of Gd sulphate increases the neutron capture cross section. Thanks to the large xenon target used and the presence of the two Vetoes, XENONnT will be able also to detect all flavours of Supernova neutrinos. Here the results from Monte Carlo simulations of XENONnT detection efficiency are presented for Supernova neutrinos through their inverse beta decay interactions in water of the two Veto sub-systems.
{"title":"Supernova neutrino detection in XENONnT neutron and muon Vetoes","authors":"F. Pompa","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2020-20119-Y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2020-20119-Y","url":null,"abstract":"The current phase of the XENON Dark Matter Project, named XENONnT, will be operative in 2020 in the underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS). It is a multi-ton detector for direct search of Dark Matter, consisting of a double phase liquid-gas xenon Time Projection Chamber (TPC) which contains 5.9 tons of liquid xenon target mass, inserted in a cryostat surrounded by a tank containing 700 tons of water doped with Gd sulphate. Its aim, as that of its precursor XENON1T, is to detect elastic scattering of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) off xenon nuclei. The presence of two Veto sub-systems, the muon Veto instrumented with 84 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) and the neutron Veto with other 120 PMTs, allows to reduce the background for WIMPs search through muon and neutron tagging, while the presence of Gd sulphate increases the neutron capture cross section. Thanks to the large xenon target used and the presence of the two Vetoes, XENONnT will be able also to detect all flavours of Supernova neutrinos. Here the results from Monte Carlo simulations of XENONnT detection efficiency are presented for Supernova neutrinos through their inverse beta decay interactions in water of the two Veto sub-systems.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"8 1","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2019-19250-3
T. Pajero
$CP$While the CKM paradigm of CP violation has been tested extensively in $K$ and $B$ mesons, $CP$ violation remains unobserved in the decay of up-type quarks. The study of $CP$ violation in charm decays is thus a complementary test of the Standard Model, since it allows constraining $CP$-violating operators that might leave the observables of down-type quarks unaffected. Two recent measurements of $CP$ violation in charm decays by the LHCb Collaboration are reviewed. Their precision, below the $10^{-3}$ level, is finally entering the upper limit of the range of Standard Model predictions. The forthcoming Upgrade I of LHCb (2021–2029) will allow pushing the precision of the searches for $CP$ violation in charm below the $10^{-4}$ level.
{"title":"$CP$ violation in charm at LHCb","authors":"T. Pajero","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2019-19250-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2019-19250-3","url":null,"abstract":"$CP$While the CKM paradigm of CP violation has been tested extensively in $K$ and $B$ mesons, $CP$ violation remains unobserved in the decay of up-type quarks. The study of $CP$ violation in charm decays is thus a complementary test of the Standard Model, since it allows constraining $CP$-violating operators that might leave the observables of down-type quarks unaffected. Two recent measurements of $CP$ violation in charm decays by the LHCb Collaboration are reviewed. Their precision, below the $10^{-3}$ level, is finally entering the upper limit of the range of Standard Model predictions. The forthcoming Upgrade I of LHCb (2021–2029) will allow pushing the precision of the searches for $CP$ violation in charm below the $10^{-4}$ level.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"44 1","pages":"250"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87517281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2020-20024-5
V. D’Andrea
The Gerda experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 76Ge. The experiment is using 36 kg of high-purity germanium detectors, simultaneously as source and detector, deployed into ultra-pure cryogenic liquid argon. Gerda is one the leading experiments in the field, reporting the highest sensitivity on the half-life of 0νββ decay with 1.1 · 1026 yr, the lowest background index with 6 · 10 −4 cts/(keV·kg·yr) and an excellent energy resolution of 0.12% (FWHM). The experimental setup, the analysis procedures and the latest results of Gerda are summarized in the present work.
{"title":"Neutrinoless double beta decay search with the GERDA experiment","authors":"V. D’Andrea","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2020-20024-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2020-20024-5","url":null,"abstract":"The Gerda experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS), searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay of 76Ge. The experiment is using 36 kg of high-purity germanium detectors, simultaneously as source and detector, deployed into ultra-pure cryogenic liquid argon. Gerda is one the leading experiments in the field, reporting the highest sensitivity on the half-life of 0νββ decay with 1.1 · 1026 yr, the lowest background index with 6 · 10 −4 cts/(keV·kg·yr) and an excellent energy resolution of 0.12% (FWHM). The experimental setup, the analysis procedures and the latest results of Gerda are summarized in the present work.","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"120 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78022146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.1393/NCC/I2020-20123-3
L. Scavarda
{"title":"Design and performance of the Calorimeter for the FOOT experiment","authors":"L. Scavarda","doi":"10.1393/NCC/I2020-20123-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1393/NCC/I2020-20123-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54452,"journal":{"name":"Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento","volume":"8 1","pages":"123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79657162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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