Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento最新文献

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Clusters in light nuclei: history and recent developments 轻核中的星团:历史与最新发展

2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento

Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1007/s40766-023-00047-4

Ivano Lombardo, Daniele Dell’Aquila

Abstract In this review, we discuss recent advancements in the study of clustering phenomena occurring in light nuclei, and their influence on nuclear structure, dynamics, and astrophysics. In the introduction, we outline the historical steps leading to the concept of $$alpha $$ α -clusterization in nuclei and provide a comprehensive description of the evolution of nuclear models capable to describe clustering aspects in nuclear systems and of the main experiments and discoveries leading to the development of this research field. We also describe some spectroscopic techniques that are used to establish the clustered nature of a given nuclear state. Some relevant experimental and theoretical findings recently reported both in experimental and theoretical works are discussed in the text. We put emphasis on recent achievements and remaining problems in the description of the structure of light isotopes, from helium to neon, including both self- and non-self-conjugate nuclei. Particular attention to the implication in the nuclear astrophysics context and to clustering effects in the dynamics of nuclear reactions is pursued all along the review.

本文综述了近年来轻核聚类现象的研究进展及其对核结构、动力学和天体物理学的影响。在引言中，我们概述了导致原子核中$$alpha $$ α -聚类概念的历史步骤，并提供了能够描述核系统中聚类方面的核模型的演变以及导致该研究领域发展的主要实验和发现的全面描述。我们还描述了一些光谱技术，用于建立集群性质的一个给定的核国家。本文讨论了近年来在实验和理论工作中报道的一些相关的实验和理论发现。我们重点介绍了轻同位素(从氦到氖)的结构描述的最新成果和存在的问题，包括自共轭核和非自共轭核。特别注意在核天体物理学背景下的含义和核反应动力学中的聚类效应。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging Mueller matrix microscopy applications in biophysics and biomedicine 新兴的米勒矩阵显微镜在生物物理学和生物医学中的应用

2区物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Rivista Del Nuovo Cimento

Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40766-023-00046-5

Alberto Diaspro, Paolo Bianchini, Fabio Callegari, Lisa Cuneo, Riccardo Marongiu, Aymeric Le Gratiet, Ali Mohebi, M. Scotto, Colin J. R. Sheppard

Abstract Polarized and wide-field light microscopy has been studied for many years to develop accurate and information-rich images within a focused framework on biophysics and biomedicine. Technological advances and conceptual understanding have recently led to significant results in terms of applications. Simultaneously, developments in label-free methods are opening a new window on molecular imaging at a low dose of illumination. The ability to encode and decode polarized light pixel by pixel, coupled with the computational strength provided by artificial intelligence, is the running perspective of label-free optical microscopy. More specifically, the information-rich content Mueller matrix microscopy through its 16 elements offers multimodal imaging, an original data set to be integrated with other advanced optical methods. This dilates the spectrum of possible and potential applications. Here, we explore the recent advances in basic and applied research towards technological applications tailored for specific questions in biophysics and biomedicine.

偏振和宽视场光显微镜已经研究了多年，以在生物物理学和生物医学的重点框架内开发准确和信息丰富的图像。技术进步和概念理解最近在应用方面取得了重大成果。同时，无标记方法的发展为低剂量光照下的分子成像打开了一扇新的窗口。逐像素编码和解码偏振光的能力，加上人工智能提供的计算能力，是无标签光学显微镜的运行前景。更具体地说，信息丰富的内容穆勒矩阵显微镜通过其16个元素提供多模态成像，原始数据集与其他先进的光学方法集成。这扩大了可能和潜在应用的范围。在这里，我们探讨了针对生物物理学和生物医学中特定问题的技术应用的基础和应用研究的最新进展。

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引用次数: 0

Imperfections in natural diamond: the key to understanding diamond genesis and the mantle 天然钻石的缺陷:了解钻石成因和地幔的关键