Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101725
Lisha Wu , Linhai Yang , Jibao Dong , Jun Peng , Jingran Zhang , Peng Cheng
A robust chronological framework for loess deposits in arid central Asia (ACA) is critical to paleoenvironmental reconstruction in this region. Some research used different dating methods to cross-validate the age determinations. However, age discrepancies between radiocarbon (14C) and luminescence dating for the same section have been increasingly revealed, which have cast doubt on the reliability of these two methods in ACA. Specifically, during the late Holocene, comparative analyses of these two methods in this region remains less investigated. In this study, we dated the BST loess section at the northern piedmont of Kunlun Mountains in ACA, using the post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) signal of both medium-grained (38–63 μm) and coarse-grained (63–100 μm) K-feldspar mineral. The reliability of the dating procedures and results was verified through standard internal checks and evaluation criteria. The results show that the luminescence ages of the medium and coarse grains are basically consistent, and both are in excellent agreement with the published 14C ages of charcoals. In addition, the stable carbon isotope of organic matter (δ13Corg) of BST loess section was measured to infer the moisture variations. Our study suggests that (1) Loess of the BST section deposited since the late Holocene (∼3.6 ka), with the dust accumulation rate (DAR) substantially higher than that of loess elsewhere; (2) Humidity of this region gradually increased since∼2 ka as reflected by δ13Corg; (3) Luminescence dating methods are highly valuable for providing age control for late Holocene loess in ACA.
{"title":"High-resolution luminescence chronology for the late Holocene loess at the northern piedmont of Kunlun Mountains in arid central Asia and its paleoenvironmental implications","authors":"Lisha Wu , Linhai Yang , Jibao Dong , Jun Peng , Jingran Zhang , Peng Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101725","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101725","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A robust chronological framework for loess deposits in arid central Asia (ACA) is critical to paleoenvironmental reconstruction in this region. Some research used different dating methods to cross-validate the age determinations. However, age discrepancies between radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) and luminescence dating for the same section have been increasingly revealed, which have cast doubt on the reliability of these two methods in ACA. Specifically, during the late Holocene, comparative analyses of these two methods in this region remains less investigated. In this study, we dated the BST loess section at the northern piedmont of Kunlun Mountains in ACA, using the post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR) signal of both medium-grained (38–63 μm) and coarse-grained (63–100 μm) K-feldspar mineral. The reliability of the dating procedures and results was verified through standard internal checks and evaluation criteria. The results show that the luminescence ages of the medium and coarse grains are basically consistent, and both are in excellent agreement with the published <sup>14</sup>C ages of charcoals. In addition, the stable carbon isotope of organic matter (δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub>) of BST loess section was measured to infer the moisture variations. Our study suggests that (1) Loess of the BST section deposited since the late Holocene (∼3.6 ka), with the dust accumulation rate (DAR) substantially higher than that of loess elsewhere; (2) Humidity of this region gradually increased since∼2 ka as reflected by δ<sup>13</sup>C<sub>org</sub>; (3) Luminescence dating methods are highly valuable for providing age control for late Holocene loess in ACA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101726
Zoran M. Perić , Cathal S. Ryan , Milica G. Bosnić , Petar Krsmanović , Warren Thompson , Helena Alexanderson , Slobodan B. Marković
The Velika Vrbica loess-palaeosol sequence, situated on the south-western bank of the Danube River in north-eastern Serbia, represents one of the key Quaternary records in the lower Danube basin, covering the MIS 5-MIS 1 period. Previous investigations of the upper 500 cm established a high-resolution chronology and revealed unexpected patterns of dust accumulation during interstadial phases. In this study, we extend the analysis to the full ∼12 m thickness of the sequence, spanning from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 to the Holocene, with emphasis on refining the geochronological framework and testing the performance of different luminescence signals. A comprehensive set of quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR290) ages, complemented by linear modulated OSL (LM-OSL) analyses, provides a robust chronology. Bayesian age-depth modelling constrains the timing of key stratigraphic units, including the S1 palaeosol (MIS 5), the overlying L1 loess (MIS 4–2) with its interstadial palaeosol (L1SS1), and the Holocene soil (S0). Quartz and K-feldspar ages display systematic differences: younger deposits show feldspar overestimation consistent with incomplete bleaching, whereas older horizons (MIS 5–4) yield excellent agreement between the two signals. LM-OSL results confirm that the fast component dominates most of the profile, supporting the reliability of equivalent dose determinations across multiple stratigraphic units. The resulting chronology demonstrates that the Velika Vrbica site preserves a continuous record of loess accumulation and pedogenesis over the last ∼130 ka. These findings not only refine the temporal framework for south-eastern European loess but also provide an important evaluation of the applicability and limitations of quartz and K-feldspar luminescence signals in establishing long-term chronologies.
{"title":"Luminescence chronology of the Velika Vrbica loess-palaeosol sequence (Wallachian Basin): Evaluating quartz and K-feldspar signals from MIS 5 to the Holocene","authors":"Zoran M. Perić , Cathal S. Ryan , Milica G. Bosnić , Petar Krsmanović , Warren Thompson , Helena Alexanderson , Slobodan B. Marković","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Velika Vrbica loess-palaeosol sequence, situated on the south-western bank of the Danube River in north-eastern Serbia, represents one of the key Quaternary records in the lower Danube basin, covering the MIS 5-MIS 1 period. Previous investigations of the upper 500 cm established a high-resolution chronology and revealed unexpected patterns of dust accumulation during interstadial phases. In this study, we extend the analysis to the full ∼12 m thickness of the sequence, spanning from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 to the Holocene, with emphasis on refining the geochronological framework and testing the performance of different luminescence signals. A comprehensive set of quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and K-feldspar post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence (pIRIR<sub>290</sub>) ages, complemented by linear modulated OSL (LM-OSL) analyses, provides a robust chronology. Bayesian age-depth modelling constrains the timing of key stratigraphic units, including the S1 palaeosol (MIS 5), the overlying L1 loess (MIS 4–2) with its interstadial palaeosol (L1SS1), and the Holocene soil (S0). Quartz and K-feldspar ages display systematic differences: younger deposits show feldspar overestimation consistent with incomplete bleaching, whereas older horizons (MIS 5–4) yield excellent agreement between the two signals. LM-OSL results confirm that the fast component dominates most of the profile, supporting the reliability of equivalent dose determinations across multiple stratigraphic units. The resulting chronology demonstrates that the Velika Vrbica site preserves a continuous record of loess accumulation and pedogenesis over the last ∼130 ka. These findings not only refine the temporal framework for south-eastern European loess but also provide an important evaluation of the applicability and limitations of quartz and K-feldspar luminescence signals in establishing long-term chronologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101724
Zuzanna Kabacińska , Danuta Michalska
Anthropogenic carbonates such as lime mortars and plasters have been receiving growing attention as they are an invaluable source of information for archaeologists, conservators, and restorers of cultural heritage. Taking into account the production process, the age of mortars reflects the age of the building. Two physical dating methods currently enable us to date mortars: radiocarbon (14C) dating and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), however both are not yet considered routine, due to a number of limitations.
In this study we present the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) analysis of historical lime mortars, as a first part of the ongoing project focused on establishing ESR as a method of dating anthropogenic carbonates in a form of lime binders. Since carbonate crystals are formed during the mortar production, this moment can be regarded as the zero point for the accumulation of trapped charges, and their concentration in a measured sample should reflect the age of the mortar.
We investigated ESR signals in natural and laboratory-irradiated lime binders from several different archaeological sites, with ages ranging from about 2800 to 500 years old. The samples have been previously dated by radiocarbon method, which means they had undergone extensive characterisation and preparation, ensuring the selection of binder, which reflects the true age of the mortar. Since the samples were originally collected for radiocarbon dating no data on the annual doses was available, hence the goal of this work is a qualitative analysis of the signals found in a variety of mortars, assessing their potential suitability for dating. Despite the relatively young age of the investigated samples for ESR dating, measurable signals were detected in natural materials. With the aid of ESR simulations, signals commonly found in carbonates, such as CO2− isotropic and orthorhombic, CO3− orthorhombic, NO32− and NO22−, SO2− isotropic, SO3− axial and isotropic, surface defect caused by crushing, organic radical, as well as a signal caused by pyrolysis of organic matter, were identified in the laboratory irradiated samples. As there are almost no examples of ESR dating of Holocene carbonates, lime binders present an exciting opportunity to push forward the boundaries of ESR dating, which has great implications for Quaternary geology, and historical archaeology.
{"title":"Electron spin resonance signals of historical lime mortars: Towards ESR dating of anthropogenic carbonates","authors":"Zuzanna Kabacińska , Danuta Michalska","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2026.101724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anthropogenic carbonates such as lime mortars and plasters have been receiving growing attention as they are an invaluable source of information for archaeologists, conservators, and restorers of cultural heritage. Taking into account the production process, the age of mortars reflects the age of the building. Two physical dating methods currently enable us to date mortars: radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) dating and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), however both are not yet considered routine, due to a number of limitations.</div><div>In this study we present the Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) analysis of historical lime mortars, as a first part of the ongoing project focused on establishing ESR as a method of dating anthropogenic carbonates in a form of lime binders. Since carbonate crystals are formed during the mortar production, this moment can be regarded as the zero point for the accumulation of trapped charges, and their concentration in a measured sample should reflect the age of the mortar.</div><div>We investigated ESR signals in natural and laboratory-irradiated lime binders from several different archaeological sites, with ages ranging from about 2800 to 500 years old. The samples have been previously dated by radiocarbon method, which means they had undergone extensive characterisation and preparation, ensuring the selection of binder, which reflects the true age of the mortar. Since the samples were originally collected for radiocarbon dating no data on the annual doses was available, hence the goal of this work is a qualitative analysis of the signals found in a variety of mortars, assessing their potential suitability for dating. Despite the relatively young age of the investigated samples for ESR dating, measurable signals were detected in natural materials. With the aid of ESR simulations, signals commonly found in carbonates, such as CO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> isotropic and orthorhombic, CO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> orthorhombic, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> and NO<sub>2</sub><sup>2−</sup>, SO<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> isotropic, SO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> axial and isotropic, surface defect caused by crushing, organic radical, as well as a signal caused by pyrolysis of organic matter, were identified in the laboratory irradiated samples. As there are almost no examples of ESR dating of Holocene carbonates, lime binders present an exciting opportunity to push forward the boundaries of ESR dating, which has great implications for Quaternary geology, and historical archaeology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101723
T. Lortie , J.-P. Buylaert , M. Fruergaard , B. Tessier , M. Mojtahid , M. Durand , R. Bourillot , F. Eynaud , N. Taratunina , L. Dezileau
The study of estuarine sedimentary archives provides valuable insights into their geomorphological evolution over the past two centuries, enhancing our understanding of estuarine responses to climate change. Establishing a reliable and precise geochronological framework is therefore essential for monitoring these changes. This study evaluates the performance of quartz Single-Aliquot Regenerative (SAR) OSL and AMS 14C dating in four estuaries along the western coast of France. The results are compared with cartographic data, serving as an independent age control. Of the 14 OSL dated samples, 10 yield depositional ages consistent with cartographic data, whereas the remaining 4 appear to overestimate ages by 20–100 years. In contrast, AMS 14C dating reveals numerous stratigraphic inversions, with at least 12 out of the 16 measured samples overestimating the depositional age in some cases by up to 5000 years, in total disagreement with cartographic data. The discrepancy between the OSL and radiocarbon ages reflects the constant reworking of allochthonous material, to which is added the further uncertainty associated with the local reservoir age. These factors fundamentally limit the reliability of 14C dating regardless of the material analyzed. By contrast, the OSL signal displays remarkable resilience, with any age overestimation linked to partial bleaching remaining minor (on the order of decades) compared with the errors affecting 14C ages. This underscores the capacity of OSL dating to resolve short-term environmental changes and positions it as the most reliable tool for constructing high-resolution chronologies of the last centuries in macrotidal estuarine settings.
{"title":"On the performance of radiocarbon and quartz OSL dating in macrotidal estuarine environments: Four case studies from Western France","authors":"T. Lortie , J.-P. Buylaert , M. Fruergaard , B. Tessier , M. Mojtahid , M. Durand , R. Bourillot , F. Eynaud , N. Taratunina , L. Dezileau","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of estuarine sedimentary archives provides valuable insights into their geomorphological evolution over the past two centuries, enhancing our understanding of estuarine responses to climate change. Establishing a reliable and precise geochronological framework is therefore essential for monitoring these changes. This study evaluates the performance of quartz Single-Aliquot Regenerative (SAR) OSL and AMS <sup>14</sup>C dating in four estuaries along the western coast of France. The results are compared with cartographic data, serving as an independent age control. Of the 14 OSL dated samples, 10 yield depositional ages consistent with cartographic data, whereas the remaining 4 appear to overestimate ages by 20–100 years. In contrast, AMS <sup>14</sup>C dating reveals numerous stratigraphic inversions, with at least 12 out of the 16 measured samples overestimating the depositional age in some cases by up to 5000 years, in total disagreement with cartographic data. The discrepancy between the OSL and radiocarbon ages reflects the constant reworking of allochthonous material, to which is added the further uncertainty associated with the local reservoir age. These factors fundamentally limit the reliability of <sup>14</sup>C dating regardless of the material analyzed. By contrast, the OSL signal displays remarkable resilience, with any age overestimation linked to partial bleaching remaining minor (on the order of decades) compared with the errors affecting <sup>14</sup>C ages. This underscores the capacity of OSL dating to resolve short-term environmental changes and positions it as the most reliable tool for constructing high-resolution chronologies of the last centuries in macrotidal estuarine settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101723"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101722
Milena Ceccopieri , Douglas V.O. Lessa , Ana L.S. Albuquerque , Cristiano M. Chiessi , Gesine Mollenhauer
Understanding the temporal relationship between carbon pools in marine sediments is essential for reliable paleoenvironmental reconstructions, yet 14C-age discrepancies between organic and carbonate fractions remain poorly constrained. Here, we present the first assessment of the 14C-age offset between organic carbon (OC) and planktonic foraminifera from co-occurring stratigraphic layers of the Cabo Frio upwelling system (CFUS, off southeastern Brazil) over the past 5.8 kyr. Conventional 14C ages of the OC are, on average, 643 ± 186 yr older than those of co-occurring foraminifera, likely reflecting long-term storage and winnowing of organic matter (OM) on the mid-shelf driven by local upwelling-related hydrodynamic processes. Higher OC apparent initial 14C-ages (AIROC) coincide with periods of intensified upwelling and stronger bottom currents, which prolong OC residence time before burial, and greater delivery of pre-aged terrestrial OM. Conversely, reduced AIROC corresponds to weaker hydrodynamic conditions and higher sedimentation rates that promote more rapid OC deposition. The new carbonate-based chronology developed for the investigated core revises the timing of Holocene paleoceanographic changes previously inferred from OC-based age models. Intensified South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) upwelling in the mid-shelf now aligns with the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand, while the development of stronger stratification and reduced SACW penetration occurs entirely within the late Holocene. The establishment of modern upwelling conditions shifted to younger ages, improving consistency with wider-scale climate phenomena and regional NE-wind variability. These results refine the temporal and mechanistic interpretation of Holocene variability in the CFUS and underscore the importance of multi-fraction 14C dating in dynamic coastal upwelling systems.
{"title":"Radiocarbon offsets between organic carbon and carbonates: implications for Holocene paleoceanographic reconstructions in the Cabo Frio upwelling system","authors":"Milena Ceccopieri , Douglas V.O. Lessa , Ana L.S. Albuquerque , Cristiano M. Chiessi , Gesine Mollenhauer","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101722","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101722","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the temporal relationship between carbon pools in marine sediments is essential for reliable paleoenvironmental reconstructions, yet <sup>14</sup>C-age discrepancies between organic and carbonate fractions remain poorly constrained. Here, we present the first assessment of the <sup>14</sup>C-age offset between organic carbon (OC) and planktonic foraminifera from co-occurring stratigraphic layers of the Cabo Frio upwelling system (CFUS, off southeastern Brazil) over the past 5.8 kyr. Conventional <sup>14</sup>C ages of the OC are, on average, 643 ± 186 yr older than those of co-occurring foraminifera, likely reflecting long-term storage and winnowing of organic matter (OM) on the mid-shelf driven by local upwelling-related hydrodynamic processes. Higher OC apparent initial <sup>14</sup>C-ages (AIR<sub>OC</sub>) coincide with periods of intensified upwelling and stronger bottom currents, which prolong OC residence time before burial, and greater delivery of pre-aged terrestrial OM. Conversely, reduced AIR<sub>OC</sub> corresponds to weaker hydrodynamic conditions and higher sedimentation rates that promote more rapid OC deposition. The new carbonate-based chronology developed for the investigated core revises the timing of Holocene paleoceanographic changes previously inferred from OC-based age models. Intensified South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) upwelling in the mid-shelf now aligns with the mid-Holocene sea-level highstand, while the development of stronger stratification and reduced SACW penetration occurs entirely within the late Holocene. The establishment of modern upwelling conditions shifted to younger ages, improving consistency with wider-scale climate phenomena and regional NE-wind variability. These results refine the temporal and mechanistic interpretation of Holocene variability in the CFUS and underscore the importance of multi-fraction <sup>14</sup>C dating in dynamic coastal upwelling systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101722"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145939808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101721
Furong Cui , Huili Yang , Jie Chen , Lu Yao , Jinfeng Liu , Jintang Qin , Myungho Kook , Sheng-Hua Li
The challenges in luminescence dating of faulting materials often arise from uncertainties in the extent of signal resetting caused by frictional heating and pressing along the fault. In this study, laboratory friction experiments were performed to simulate the influence of seismic slip rates on rock luminescence signals. High-speed friction generated rapid heating of the frictional interface, with temperatures reaching 500–800 °C. This process effectively reset the infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal within the upper ∼1.5 mm of gabbro surfaces, and fully reset the signal up to ∼6 mm inward from surface edges. However, depth information was partly lost because mechanical cutting caused local detachment of thin rock slices. To overcome this limitation, we measured luminescence signals using the Risø luminescence imager, which provides non-destructive and high-resolution IRSL and Infrared Photoluminescence (IRPL) measurements on granite samples. The lack of preheating may preserve some unstable charges and slightly underestimate the resetting ratios. Even so, the patterns are robust. High-speed friction eliminated ∼99 % of IRSL intensities and reset 78 ± 1 % of the IRPL955 signals. Low-speed friction reset 83 ± 1 % of the IRSL signals and had only 29 ± 1 % of IRPL955 signals. These results confirm that the Risø luminescence imager is highly effective in detecting friction-induced signal resetting. The non-destructive imaging approach preserves depth information and offers higher spatial resolution than measurements on cut rock slices. IRSL and IRPL955 signals can potentially constrain the timing of high-velocity seismic slip. Their contrasting responses to different slip conditions may also reflect deformation processes associated with stick-slip and creep, providing additional insight into earthquake behavior.
{"title":"Experimental study on the resetting of IRSL and IRPL signals induced by frictional heating in rocks at seismic slip velocities","authors":"Furong Cui , Huili Yang , Jie Chen , Lu Yao , Jinfeng Liu , Jintang Qin , Myungho Kook , Sheng-Hua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101721","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101721","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The challenges in luminescence dating of faulting materials often arise from uncertainties in the extent of signal resetting caused by frictional heating and pressing along the fault. In this study, laboratory friction experiments were performed to simulate the influence of seismic slip rates on rock luminescence signals. High-speed friction generated rapid heating of the frictional interface, with temperatures reaching 500–800 °C. This process effectively reset the infrared-stimulated luminescence (IRSL) signal within the upper ∼1.5 mm of gabbro surfaces, and fully reset the signal up to ∼6 mm inward from surface edges. However, depth information was partly lost because mechanical cutting caused local detachment of thin rock slices. To overcome this limitation, we measured luminescence signals using the Risø luminescence imager, which provides non-destructive and high-resolution IRSL and Infrared Photoluminescence (IRPL) measurements on granite samples. The lack of preheating may preserve some unstable charges and slightly underestimate the resetting ratios. Even so, the patterns are robust. High-speed friction eliminated ∼99 % of IRSL intensities and reset 78 ± 1 % of the IRPL<sub>955</sub> signals. Low-speed friction reset 83 ± 1 % of the IRSL signals and had only 29 ± 1 % of IRPL<sub>955</sub> signals. These results confirm that the Risø luminescence imager is highly effective in detecting friction-induced signal resetting. The non-destructive imaging approach preserves depth information and offers higher spatial resolution than measurements on cut rock slices. IRSL and IRPL<sub>955</sub> signals can potentially constrain the timing of high-velocity seismic slip. Their contrasting responses to different slip conditions may also reflect deformation processes associated with stick-slip and creep, providing additional insight into earthquake behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 101721"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145808345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101713
Ashley Savelkouls, Hayden Dalton, David Phillips
Volcaniclastic ash deposits (tuffs) within the Turkana Basin in Kenya act as temporal markers to constrain the extensive fossil-rich sediments of the Koobi Fora Formation. By using geochemical fingerprinting and precise geochronology this study improves the temporal and spatial resolution of the Koobi Fora, Lower Koobi Fora and Karari Blue tuffs within the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex. Utilising a Bayesian approach to single-grain anorthoclase ages this study presents ages of 1.49257 ± 0.00186 (2σ) Ma for the Karari Blue Tuff, 1.49430 ± 0.00142 (2σ) Ma for the Koobi Fora Tuff and 1.51561 ± 0.00090 (2σ) Ma for the Lower Koobi Fora Tuff. These results provide highly precise (<0.1 % uncertainties) anchoring ages for the stratigraphy of the Okote Member, implying an older age for the base of the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex (>1.51561 ± 0.00090 Ma). The implications of the ∼30 ka revision of the Lower Koobi Fora Tuff indicates older dates for significant hominin fossil sites in the Ileret (Area 1A) and Koobi Fora (Area 103) regions. The ages of the three tuffs provide the highest precision ages of the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex thus far and have important implications in the Koobi Fora Formation and correlates across the Turkana Basin.
{"title":"High-resolution 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex, Turkana Basin: Implications for the hominin bearing strata of the Early Pleistocene (1.6–1.4 Ma)","authors":"Ashley Savelkouls, Hayden Dalton, David Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volcaniclastic ash deposits (tuffs) within the Turkana Basin in Kenya act as temporal markers to constrain the extensive fossil-rich sediments of the Koobi Fora Formation. By using geochemical fingerprinting and precise geochronology this study improves the temporal and spatial resolution of the Koobi Fora, Lower Koobi Fora and Karari Blue tuffs within the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex. Utilising a Bayesian approach to single-grain anorthoclase ages this study presents ages of 1.49257 ± 0.00186 (2σ) Ma for the Karari Blue Tuff, 1.49430 ± 0.00142 (2σ) Ma for the Koobi Fora Tuff and 1.51561 ± 0.00090 (2σ) Ma for the Lower Koobi Fora Tuff. These results provide highly precise (<0.1 % uncertainties) anchoring ages for the stratigraphy of the Okote Member, implying an older age for the base of the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex (>1.51561 ± 0.00090 Ma). The implications of the ∼30 ka revision of the Lower Koobi Fora Tuff indicates older dates for significant hominin fossil sites in the Ileret (Area 1A) and Koobi Fora (Area 103) regions. The ages of the three tuffs provide the highest precision ages of the Koobi Fora Tuff Complex thus far and have important implications in the Koobi Fora Formation and correlates across the Turkana Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 101713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145617884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101712
Markku Oinonen , Laura Arppe , Joonas Uusitalo , Samuli Helama , Pekka Nöjd , Harri Mäkinen , Pekka Saranpää , Kenichiro Mizohata
Detailed chronological assessment has been performed on a strongly compressed submorainic organic layer found from a river valley in the Lemmenjoki area, Northern Finland, by using 14C and δ18O analyses. Clear effect of reworked carbon from above has been observed within the basal part of the layer. The radiocarbon data combined with existing chronological information suggest that the layer was deposited during the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3), supporting the previously published interpretation. Particularly, most of the dates are indistinguishable from the 14C background level, indicating their association with the early phase of MIS3 time period. Oxygen isotopic data resembles the data from the last 400 years within the eastern Fennoscandia, suggesting similar growth conditions during the period compared to modern era.
{"title":"Chronological horizon of Weichselian submoraine organic formation and macrofossil finds with radiocarbon and tree-ring δ18O analyses","authors":"Markku Oinonen , Laura Arppe , Joonas Uusitalo , Samuli Helama , Pekka Nöjd , Harri Mäkinen , Pekka Saranpää , Kenichiro Mizohata","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detailed chronological assessment has been performed on a strongly compressed submorainic organic layer found from a river valley in the Lemmenjoki area, Northern Finland, by using <sup>14</sup>C and δ<sup>18</sup>O analyses. Clear effect of reworked carbon from above has been observed within the basal part of the layer. The radiocarbon data combined with existing chronological information suggest that the layer was deposited during the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS3), supporting the previously published interpretation. Particularly, most of the dates are indistinguishable from the <sup>14</sup>C background level, indicating their association with the early phase of MIS3 time period. Oxygen isotopic data resembles the data from the last 400 years within the eastern Fennoscandia, suggesting similar growth conditions during the period compared to modern era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 101712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Glacigenic sediments are challenging to date with luminescence dating technique, particularly with regard to resetting of the luminescence signal before sediment deposition. In this study, six samples from four different ice-marginal positions in northern Germany were investigated to test different luminescence dating methods that account for heterogeneous bleaching of meltwater deposits. Multigrain measurements exhibited agreement between fading corrected infrared stimulated luminescence (IR) and fading corrected post-infrared IR measured at 225 °C (pIRIR225) ages, suggesting the studied samples were likely well bleached, as these signals bleach at different rates. Single-grain measurements showed a high proportion of saturated grains (up to ∼33 %) in these samples. The single-grain results were therefore assessed using conventional single-grain analyses and the LnTn method. Accurate estimation of the overdispersion (OD) of a well-bleached grain population (σb) is essential for applying statistical age models. Because no suitable well-bleached analogue sample with comparable burial doses was available, σb was estimated by combining intrinsic OD (from dose recovery tests) and extrinsic OD in quadrature. Both De and Ln/Tn OD values exceeded the derived σb values, confirming that all studied samples are poorly bleached and that the Minimum Age Model (MAM) is required. MAM ages derived from conventional single-grain and LnTn approaches are generally consistent; however, standard MAM ages tend to be slightly younger than LnTn MAM ages, likely due to truncation of the De distribution through the exclusion of saturated grains. These finding demonstrate that (1) consistent IR50 and pIRIR225 ages cannot be considered a reliable indicator of well-bleached samples, and (2) σb and overdispersion values should be determined and interpreted carefully, especially for old samples with a large number of saturated grains. We recommend applying the LnTn method at the single-grain level when dating partially-bleached samples with grains close to saturation, to obtain more reliable luminescence ages.
{"title":"Luminescence dating of glacigenic deposits from northern Germany: A comparison of multigrain aliquots and single grains K-feldspar methods","authors":"Neda Rahimzadeh , Niklas von Soest , Sumiko Tsukamoto , Jutta Winsemann","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glacigenic sediments are challenging to date with luminescence dating technique, particularly with regard to resetting of the luminescence signal before sediment deposition. In this study, six samples from four different ice-marginal positions in northern Germany were investigated to test different luminescence dating methods that account for heterogeneous bleaching of meltwater deposits. Multigrain measurements exhibited agreement between fading corrected infrared stimulated luminescence (IR) and fading corrected post-infrared IR measured at 225 °C (pIRIR<sub>225</sub>) ages, suggesting the studied samples were likely well bleached, as these signals bleach at different rates. Single-grain measurements showed a high proportion of saturated grains (up to ∼33 %) in these samples. The single-grain results were therefore assessed using conventional single-grain analyses and the <em>L</em><sub>n</sub><em>T</em><sub>n</sub> method. Accurate estimation of the overdispersion (OD) of a well-bleached grain population (<em>σ</em><sub>b</sub>) is essential for applying statistical age models. Because no suitable well-bleached analogue sample with comparable burial doses was available, <em>σ</em><sub>b</sub> was estimated by combining intrinsic OD (from dose recovery tests) and extrinsic OD in quadrature. Both <em>D</em><sub>e</sub> and <em>L</em><sub>n</sub>/<em>T</em><sub>n</sub> OD values exceeded the derived <em>σ</em><sub>b</sub> values, confirming that all studied samples are poorly bleached and that the Minimum Age Model (MAM) is required. MAM ages derived from conventional single-grain and <em>L</em><sub>n</sub><em>T</em><sub>n</sub> approaches are generally consistent; however, standard MAM ages tend to be slightly younger than <em>L</em><sub>n</sub><em>T</em><sub>n</sub> MAM ages, likely due to truncation of the <em>D</em><sub>e</sub> distribution through the exclusion of saturated grains. These finding demonstrate that (1) consistent IR<sub>50</sub> and pIRIR<sub>225</sub> ages cannot be considered a reliable indicator of well-bleached samples, and (2) <em>σ</em><sub>b</sub> and overdispersion values should be determined and interpreted carefully, especially for old samples with a large number of saturated grains. We recommend applying the <em>L</em><sub>n</sub><em>T</em><sub>n</sub> method at the single-grain level when dating partially-bleached samples with grains close to saturation, to obtain more reliable luminescence ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 101711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101710
Tatsuki I. Watanabe, Takehiko Suzuki, Daisuke Ishimura
A high-resolution tephrostratigraphic framework focusing on cryptotephra provides a key isochron and the accurate ages of past explosive eruptions in remote regions. The Japanese archipelago has many Quaternary volcanoes, and the tephrochronology using visible tephras of this region has been extensively studied. Research on Lake Suigetsu and other repositories have provided the tephrostratigraphic framework. A detailed cryptotephra study in central Japan can provide correlation to Lake Suigetsu records and strengthens the tephrostratigraphic framework in and around central Japan, but has not been extensively conducted. In this study, we focused on wetland deposits formed in the mountainous regions in central Japan and conducted coring excavation, cryptotephra analysis, fingerprinting, and radiocarbon dating to establish a high-resolution tephrostratigraphic framework. We excavated the Aizu region with late Pleistocene records from the YNH-P1 core and Holocene records from the YNH-P2 core and the Sekita Mountain region with late Pleistocene records from the NNM-P1 core and Holocene records from the CYI-P1 core. Towada-Chuseri, Asama-YKU, Aira-Tn, and Daisen-Kurayoshi tephras were identified in multiple cores, which played an essential role in refining tephrostratigraphy. Tateyama-E tephra, which erupted from the Norikura volcanic chain, was identified for the first time in the Aizu region (YNH-P1 core); it provided important chronological constraints for the north Kanto tephrostratigraphy. Moreover, Myoko-Otagirigawa and Myoko-Akakura tephras from Myoko volcano were accurately dated as 4.4–4.2 and 5.9–5.7 cal ka, respectively, based on tephrostratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. Results showed a more detailed tephrostratigraphic framework in central Japan than those reported in previous studies.
以隐隐毯为重点的高分辨率温地层格架提供了一个关键的等时线和偏远地区过去爆发喷发的准确年龄。日本列岛有许多第四纪火山，利用该地区可见火山的温度年代学已被广泛研究。水越湖和其他储层的研究提供了地层格架。详细的日本中部隐毯研究可以提供与水越湖记录的对比，并加强日本中部及周边地区的隐毯地层格架，但尚未广泛开展。本研究以日本中部山区形成的湿地沉积物为研究对象，通过岩心挖掘、隐层分析、指纹图谱和放射性碳定年等方法建立了高分辨率的地层格架。我们在会族地区挖掘了YNH-P1核的晚更新世和YNH-P2核的全新世记录，在Sekita山区挖掘了NNM-P1核的晚更新世记录和CYI-P1核的全新世记录。在多个岩心中发现了toada - chuseri、Asama-YKU、Aira-Tn和Daisen-Kurayoshi tephras，这些tephras对地层地层的细化具有重要作用。在会津地区（YNH-P1岩心）首次发现了从Norikura火山链喷发的Tateyama-E tephra；它为关东北部地层提供了重要的年代学约束。此外，根据地层和放射性碳定年，确定了妙古火山的妙古-大泷川和妙古- akakura两种tephras分别为4.4 ~ 4.2 cal ka和5.9 ~ 5.7 cal ka。结果表明，日本中部的地层格架比以往的研究报告更为详细。
{"title":"Establishing a high-resolution late Pleistocene to Holocene tephrostratigraphic framework in central Japan using wetland deposit core records: An attempt to detect cryptotephra from terrestrial records in the productive volcanic arc","authors":"Tatsuki I. Watanabe, Takehiko Suzuki, Daisuke Ishimura","doi":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quageo.2025.101710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-resolution tephrostratigraphic framework focusing on cryptotephra provides a key isochron and the accurate ages of past explosive eruptions in remote regions. The Japanese archipelago has many Quaternary volcanoes, and the tephrochronology using visible tephras of this region has been extensively studied. Research on Lake Suigetsu and other repositories have provided the tephrostratigraphic framework. A detailed cryptotephra study in central Japan can provide correlation to Lake Suigetsu records and strengthens the tephrostratigraphic framework in and around central Japan, but has not been extensively conducted. In this study, we focused on wetland deposits formed in the mountainous regions in central Japan and conducted coring excavation, cryptotephra analysis, fingerprinting, and radiocarbon dating to establish a high-resolution tephrostratigraphic framework. We excavated the Aizu region with late Pleistocene records from the YNH-P1 core and Holocene records from the YNH-P2 core and the Sekita Mountain region with late Pleistocene records from the NNM-P1 core and Holocene records from the CYI-P1 core. Towada-Chuseri, Asama-YKU, Aira-Tn, and Daisen-Kurayoshi tephras were identified in multiple cores, which played an essential role in refining tephrostratigraphy. Tateyama-E tephra, which erupted from the Norikura volcanic chain, was identified for the first time in the Aizu region (YNH-P1 core); it provided important chronological constraints for the north Kanto tephrostratigraphy. Moreover, Myoko-Otagirigawa and Myoko-Akakura tephras from Myoko volcano were accurately dated as 4.4–4.2 and 5.9–5.7 cal ka, respectively, based on tephrostratigraphy and radiocarbon dating. Results showed a more detailed tephrostratigraphic framework in central Japan than those reported in previous studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54516,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Geochronology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 101710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145325116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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