The Interpersonal Theory of Suicide (ITS) could help identify differences in groups of suicidal adolescents and inform treatment.
Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) using thwarted belongingness (TB), perceived burdensomeness (PB), hopelessness, and capability was conducted on data from an at-risk clinical sample (N = 500). The ITS prediction that changes in TB and PB are associated with changes in suicidal ideation was tested using admission and discharge data.
Latent Profile Analysis identified three profiles with increasing complexity and severity on ITS factors. The profiles were labelled low-severity (7.6% of participants), moderate-severity (45.2%), and high-severity (47.2%). ITS predictions were partially supported for the full sample and only for the high-severity and moderate-severity subgroups, whereby changes in TB were significantly associated with changes in suicidal ideation over the course of treatment. However, changes in PB were only significant in the moderate-severity subgroup, and none of the ITS predictions were supported in the low-severity subgroup. Additionally, effect sizes for changes in TB and PB were modest in all analyses.
Our findings highlight the importance reducing low belongingness in youth, which is a component of all supported interventions of youth suicide prevention. However, given the modest association of changes in ITS variables had with changes in suicidal ideation, it may be fruitful to elaborate on the relative importance on types of low belongingness or include other non-ITS variables.
Cognitive remediation (CR) improves cognition and aids recovery in people with psychosis. An active therapist provides increased benefit, but CR training for therapists is not routinely available, so CR has limited scalability. This study describes the development and evaluation of the first online CR therapist training programme.
An online CR training, based on expert and novice therapist consultations, was developed, and then pilot tested with novice trainees and changes made to produce the evaluation version. Feasibility, acceptability, and training benefits were assessed in a group of naïve UK NHS mental health professionals. Training engagement with a group of clinicians who accessed the programme for professional development was compared to those who paid fees.
Most mental health professionals finished training and passed the knowledge test, indicating that training enhanced clinicians' knowledge. Fee-paying trainees had significantly faster completion times and a higher proportion finished in the recommended time. Those who were successful at passing the knowledge questionnaire had significantly fewer years in practice. The majority were satisfied with the programme, felt they had made considerable progress and that training would allow them to begin practicing CR, and would recommend the training to colleagues.
This online CR training programme was feasible, acceptable to participants and showed benefits for clinicians. It improved knowledge even in the most junior of staff who have had less time to develop clinical know-how.
This expression of concern has been agreed following an examination of papers by Hans Eysenck that were published in British Psychological Society journals. This was undertaken by the Challenging Histories Group of the Society. Specific allegations have been raised since the 1990s about work that Eysenck carried out in collaboration with Ronald Grossarth-Maticek. An inquiry in 2019 by King's College London concluded that 26 articles co-authored by Eysenck and Grossarth-Matcek were ‘unsafe’. King's College did not examine publications based on the same research programme that were solely authored by Eysenck. One of these is the above article originally published in the British Journal of Medical Psychology (now Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice). This presents the results of observational studies and a randomised trial on the prediction and prophylaxis of cancer and other fatal diseases. The effect sizes of the findings, as pointed out in the King's College inquiry, are ‘incompatible with modern clinical science and the understanding of disease processes' (King's College London, 2019).
Accordingly, the Challenging Histories Group (2023) has decided to issue an Expression of Concern to readers. It has been published with the agreement of the journal Editors-in-Chief, the British Psychological Society and John Wiley & Sons, Limited.
Hearing voices is associated with public stigma and this can influence readiness to identify as a voice hearer (VH) and psychological wellbeing. In this study, we investigated the relationships between a VH social identity, the integration of that identity with other important social identities and wellbeing.
Cross-sectional study, with a subset of longitudinal data across three time points.
People who self-identified as voice hearers completed questionnaires (VH social identity, identity integration, wellbeing and perceptions of in-group and out-group empathy) at three time points, spaced at 3-monthly intervals. The final sample comprised 182 participants at T1, 91 at T2 and 75 at T3. Hierarchical linear multiple regression analyses were used to test all hypotheses.
The integration of a VH social identity was strongly associated with better psychological wellbeing at T1. Identity integration was also associated with static wellbeing scores at 6 months. Effects on wellbeing were not accounted for by either severity of voice-hearing or paranoia. Whilst perceptions of in-group empathy were associated with VH social identification, perceptions of outgroup empathy were important for identity integration.
Integrating a VH social identity with other important identities into a coherent sense of self is important for wellbeing in voice hearers; perceived in-group and outgroup empathy are important in this process.
This study investigates the impact of mindful parenting on child behaviour problems and examines the chain mediating role of parental and child communicating performance in this relationship.
A 10-month follow-up survey was conducted, utilizing the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale (IM-P), the Parent–Child Communication Inventory, and the abbreviated version of the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL).
At baseline (T1), higher levels of mindful parenting in parents were significantly and positively associated with both T1 parental communicating performance and child communicating performance. After 10 months, all three variables showed significant negative associations with child behaviour problems. T1 parental communication performance positively correlated with T1 child communication performance. After controlling for T1 child behaviour problems, children's gender and age, and parents' gender, the indirect association between T1 parents' levels of mindful parenting and T2 child behaviour problems was significant, mediated by T1 parental communicating performance and T1 child communicating performance.
Mindful parenting enhances parental communication behaviour, leading to improved child communication behaviour and reduced child behaviour problems.
Disrupted metacognition is implicated in development and maintenance of negative symptoms, but more fine-grained analyses would inform precise treatment targeting for individual negative symptoms.
This systematic review identifies and examines datasets that test whether specific metacognitive capacities distinctly influence negative symptoms.
PsycINFO, EMBASE, Medline and Cochrane Library databases plus hand searching of relevant articles, journals and grey literature identified quantitative research investigating negative symptoms and metacognition in adults aged 16+ with psychosis. Authors of included articles were contacted to identify unique datasets and missing information. Data were extracted for a risk of bias assessment using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool.
85 published reports met criteria and are estimated to reflect 32 distinct datasets and 1623 unique participants. The data indicated uncertainty about the relationship between summed scores of negative symptoms and domains of metacognition, with significant findings indicating correlation coefficients from 0.88 to −0.23. Only eight studies investigated the relationship between metacognition and individual negative symptoms, with mixed findings. Studies were mostly moderate-to-low risk of bias.
The relationship between negative symptoms and metacognition is rarely the focus of studies reviewed here, and negative symptom scores are often summed. This approach may obscure relationships between metacognitive domains and individual negative symptoms which may be important for understanding how negative symptoms are developed and maintained.
Methodological challenges around overlapping participants, variation in aggregation of negative symptom items and types of analyses used, make a strong case for use of Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis to further elucidate these relationships.
The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between affective disturbances and aberrant salience in the context of childhood trauma, attachment, and mentalization in an analogue study.
Using a cross-sectional design, an online community sample completed self-report measures of key variables. Structural equation modelling was used to test childhood trauma's influence on aberrant salience via a set of intermediate risk factors (depression, negative schizotypy, and insecure attachment). These intermediate risk factors were assumed to lead to the proximal risk factors of aberrant salience (i.e., disorganized schizotypy and disorganized attachment) depending on the vulnerability of mentalizing capacity to elevated stress.
The sample (N = 1263) was 78% female and aged between 18 and 35 years. The tested models closely fitted the observed data, revealing significant pathways from childhood trauma to aberrant salience via the hypothesized pathways. The direct effect of childhood trauma on aberrant salience was significant.
Findings suggest that the pathway to aberrant salience may be characterized by disorganization of self-state and intersubjectivity as a function of diminishment in mentalizing ability. This may relate to changes in attachment organization and socio-cognitive capacity, which could constitute possible risk factors signalling development of aberrant salience.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：