Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献_第10页

Relationships between clinical symptoms, cognitive functioning, and TMS-evoked potential features in patients with major depressive disorder 重度抑郁症患者的临床症状、认知功能和 TMS 诱发电位特征之间的关系。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111184

Jiaxin Li , Xingxing Li , Junyao Liu , Shuochi Wei , Dongsheng Zhou , Dongmei Wang , Xiangyang Zhang

Background

Cognitive impairment is a common clinical symptom of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Transcranial magnetic stimulation-evoked potentials (TEPs) detect cortical excitability and connectivity and provide potential biomarkers for MDD patients and their cognitive impairment. This study aimed to investigate the interrelationships between clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and electrophysiological marker TEPs in patients with MDD.

Methods

A total of 117 participants were recruited, including 59 MDD patients and 58 healthy controls. Clinical symptoms were assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and cognitive functioning was assessed by the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). TEPs were recorded by transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS-EEG).

Results

MDD patients exhibited lower RBANS total (P < 0.001), immediate memory (P = 0.001), language (P = 0.003), attention (P < 0.001), and delayed memory (P = 0.008) scores than HCs. Patients with MDD had larger amplitudes for N100 (P = 0.040) and N280 (P = 0.037), compared to HCs. Correlation analysis indicated significant correlations between the following RBANS scores and TEPs: language and N45 amplitude (r = 0.222, P = 0.024), language and P60 amplitude (r = 0.278, P = 0.004), attention and P180 amplitude (r = 0.213, P = 0.030), RBANS total score and P30 amplitude (r = 0.198, P = 0.044), visuospatial/constructional index and N100 amplitude (r = −0.272, P = 0.005).

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that cortical dysfunction and cognitive impairment are present in patients with MDD and that there is a strong correlation between them, suggesting that TEPs detected by the TMS-EEG may be used as a biomarker for MDD patients and their cognitive impairment.

背景认知障碍是重度抑郁症（MDD）患者的常见临床症状。经颅磁刺激诱发电位（TEPs）可检测大脑皮层的兴奋性和连接性，并为 MDD 患者及其认知障碍提供潜在的生物标志物。本研究旨在探讨 MDD 患者的临床症状、认知功能和电生理标志物 TEPs 之间的相互关系：共招募了 117 名参与者，包括 59 名 MDD 患者和 58 名健康对照者。临床症状由汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表和汉密尔顿焦虑评定量表评估，认知功能由神经心理状态评估可重复电池（RBANS）评估。经颅磁刺激结合脑电图（TMS-EEG）记录了TEPs：结果：MDD 患者的 RBANS 总分（P）较低：本研究结果表明，MDD 患者存在大脑皮层功能障碍和认知障碍，且两者之间存在很强的相关性，这表明 TMS-EEG 检测到的 TEPs 可用作 MDD 患者及其认知障碍的生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

The immune regulatory mechanism of ketamine-induced psychiatric disorders: A new perspective on drug-induced psychiatric symptoms 氯胺酮诱发精神障碍的免疫调节机制：药物诱发精神症状的新视角。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111194

Peipei Wang , Junmei Hu , Congliang Chen , Zihan Jiang , Yu Zhang , Kexin Lin , Linchuan Liao , Xia Wang

Ketamine, a psychoactive substance strictly regulated by international drug conventions, is classified as a “new type drug” due to its excitatory, hallucinogenic, or inhibitory effects. The etiology of ketamine-induced psychiatric symptoms is multifaceted, with the immune regulatory mechanism being the most prominent among several explanatory theories. In recent years, the interaction between the immune system and nervous system have garnered significant attention in neuropsychiatric disorder research. Notably, the infiltration of peripheral lymphocytes into the central nervous system has emerged as an early hallmark of certain neuropsychiatric disorders. However, a notable gap exists in the current literature, regarding the immune regulatory mechanisms, specifically the peripheral immune alterations, associated with ketamine-induced psychiatric symptoms. To address this void, this article endeavors to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological processes implicated in psychiatric disorders or symptoms, encompassing those elicited by ketamine. This analysis delves into aspects such as nerve damage, alterations within the central immune system, and the regulation of the peripheral immune system. By emphasizing the intricate crosstalk between the peripheral immune system and the central nervous system, this study sheds light on their collaborative role in the onset and progression of psychiatric diseases or symptoms. This insight offers fresh perspectives on the underlying mechanisms, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies for mental disorders stemming from drug abuse.

氯胺酮是一种受国际毒品公约严格管制的精神活性物质，因其具有兴奋、致幻或抑制作用而被归类为 "新型毒品"。氯胺酮诱发精神症状的病因是多方面的，其中免疫调节机制是几种解释理论中最突出的一种。近年来，免疫系统与神经系统之间的相互作用在神经精神疾病研究中备受关注。值得注意的是，外周淋巴细胞渗入中枢神经系统已成为某些神经精神疾病的早期标志。然而，关于与氯胺酮诱发精神症状相关的免疫调节机制，特别是外周免疫改变，目前的文献还存在明显的空白。为了填补这一空白，本文试图全面概述与氯胺酮诱发的精神疾病或症状有关的病理生理过程。该分析深入探讨了神经损伤、中枢免疫系统的改变以及外周免疫系统的调节等方面。通过强调外周免疫系统和中枢神经系统之间错综复杂的相互影响，本研究揭示了它们在精神疾病或症状的发生和发展中的协同作用。这一见解为药物滥用导致的精神障碍的内在机制、诊断和治疗策略提供了新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptional signatures of gray matter volume changes in mild traumatic brain injury 轻度脑外伤灰质体积变化的转录特征。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111195

Lu Wang , He Wang , Yijing Zhang , Mengjing Cai , Zhihui Zhang , Minghuan Lei , Yujie Zhang , Jiaxuan Zhao , Ying Wang , Jinglei Xu , Ying Zhai , Jinghan Sun , Qi An , Wenjie Cai , Yifan Jiang , Feng Liu , Yanmin Peng , Lining Guo

Background

Neuroimaging studies have shown that patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) often exhibit changes in gray matter volume (GMV) in the brain. However, the results regarding these changes are inconsistent, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate GMV changes in mTBI patients and uncover the molecular mechanisms driving these alterations.

Methods

We conducted a neuroimaging meta-analysis on nine studies, involving 396 mTBI patients and 338 healthy controls, to identify consistent patterns of GMV changes. Additionally, we utilized the Allen Human Brain Atlas database to explore transcriptome-neuroimaging spatial correlations, identifying genes whose expression profiles are linked to GMV changes in mTBI patients. Enrichment analyses were also performed to determine the biological significance of the altered GMV-related genes.

Results

We observed consistent GMV increases in the bilateral middle cingulate/paracingulate gyri, right striatum, and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, along with GMV decreases in the right insula and left lingual gyrus. Moreover, we found spatial associations between mTBI-related GMV changes and the expression of 977 genes, which were primarily enriched in specific biological processes, body tissues, and developmental time windows of the cerebral cortex.

Conclusion

Our findings improve the understanding of GMV abnormalities in mTBI patients and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes.

背景：神经影像学研究表明，轻度创伤性脑损伤（mTBI）患者的大脑灰质体积（GMV）通常会发生变化。然而，有关这些变化的结果并不一致，其潜在的分子机制也仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查 mTBI 患者的灰质体积变化，并揭示驱动这些变化的分子机制：我们对涉及 396 名 mTBI 患者和 338 名健康对照者的九项研究进行了神经影像学荟萃分析，以确定 GMV 变化的一致模式。此外，我们还利用艾伦人脑图谱数据库（Allen Human Brain Atlas database）探讨了转录组-神经影像学空间相关性，确定了其表达谱与 mTBI 患者 GMV 变化相关的基因。我们还进行了富集分析，以确定 GMV 相关基因变化的生物学意义：结果：我们观察到双侧扣带回/扣带回中部、右侧纹状体和右侧额叶背外侧上回的 GMV 持续增加，而右侧脑岛和左侧舌回的 GMV 则持续减少。此外，我们还发现了与 mTBI 相关的 GMV 变化与 977 个基因表达之间的空间关联，这些基因主要富集在大脑皮层的特定生物过程、身体组织和发育时间窗中：我们的研究结果增进了人们对 mTBI 患者 GMV 异常的了解，并为这些变化的分子机制提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Social isolation intensifies adgrl3.1-related externalizing and internalizing behaviors in zebrafish 社会隔离会加剧斑马鱼与adgrl3.1相关的外化和内化行为

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111193

Barbara D. Fontana , Nancy Alnassar , William H.J. Norton , Matthew O. Parker

Externalizing disorders (EDs) are characterized by outward-directed behaviors such as aggression and hyperactivity. They are influenced by gene-environment interactions, yet our understanding of the genetic predispositions and environmental contexts that give rise to them is incomplete. Additionally, people with EDs often exhibit comorbid internalizing symptoms, which can complicate the clinical presentation and treatment strategies. Following on from our previous studies, we examined genes x environment interaction as a risk factor for EDs by looking at internalizing and externalizing behaviors after social isolation. Specifically, we subjected adgrl3.1 knockout zebrafish — characterized by hyperactivity and impulsivity — to a 2-week social isolation protocol. We subsequently assessed the impact on anxiety-like behavior, abnormal repetitive behaviors, working memory, and social interactions. Genotype-specific additive effects emerged, with socially isolated adgrl3.1 knockout fish exhibiting intensified comorbid phenotypes, including increased anxiety, abnormal repetitive behaviors, reduced working memory, and altered shoaling, when compared to WT fish. The findings demonstrate that genetic predispositions interact with environmental stressors, such as social isolation, to exacerbate both externalizing and internalizing symptoms. This underlines the necessity for comprehensive diagnostic and intervention strategies.

外化障碍（Externalizing Disorders，EDs）的特征是外向行为，如攻击和多动。它们受到基因与环境相互作用的影响，但我们对导致这些疾病的遗传倾向和环境背景的了解并不全面。此外，ED 患者往往合并有内化症状，这可能会使临床表现和治疗策略复杂化。在之前研究的基础上，我们通过观察社会隔离后的内化和外化行为，研究了作为 ED 风险因素的基因与环境的相互作用。具体来说，我们对adgrl3.1基因敲除斑马鱼--以多动和冲动为特征--进行了为期两周的社会隔离实验。随后，我们评估了其对焦虑样行为、异常重复行为、工作记忆和社会交往的影响。与 WT 鱼相比，被社会隔离的 adgrl3.1 基因敲除鱼表现出更强的合并表型，包括焦虑增加、异常重复行为、工作记忆减弱和浅滩行为改变。研究结果表明，遗传易感性与社会隔离等环境压力相互作用，加剧了外化和内化症状。这凸显了综合诊断和干预策略的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

A new pharmacological strategy against treatment-resistant depression 针对耐药性抑郁症的新型药物疗法。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111191

Juan Pedro Pineda-Gómez , Carmelo Millón , Noelia Cantero-García , Marta Flores-Gómez , David Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda , Antonio Flores-Burgess , Zaida Díaz-Cabiale

Major depressive disorder affects more than 50 million people in the world. However, 50% of patients don't respond to two or more drugs or psychotherapeutic treatments, named treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this work, we propose a new augmentation treatment against TRD based on combining Fluoxetine (FLX) and the N-terminal fragment Galanin, GAL(1–15). In Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats, akin to endogenous depression genetically, we evaluate GAL(1–15)’s impact on FLX-induced behaviours on tests measuring despair and anhedonia. We explored GALR2 involvement using the antagonist M871 and an in vivo model with siRNA 5-HT1A knockdown. Also, the 5-HT1AR was analyzed by autoradiography binding in several brain regions. We analyze the corticosterone levels and a dexamethasone-suppressed corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation to study the HPA axis regulation. Our results shows that only the combination of FLX + GAL(1–15) induced antidepressant effects in the WKY animals in Behavioural tests related to despair. This combination also reduced corticosterone levels in the WKY animals and modulated the functional characteristics of the serotoninergic receptor 5-HT1A in the prefrontal cortex. These novel results suggest combining GAL(1–15) with FLX is a new potentiation strategy in TRD cases. It shows the innovative potential of the interactions between the galaninergic and serotonergic systems to find new strategies and drugs against resistant depression.

全世界有 5000 多万人患有重度抑郁症。然而，50%的患者对两种或两种以上的药物或心理治疗无效，被称为治疗耐受性抑郁症（TRD）。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种针对 TRD 的新的增强治疗方法，该方法基于氟西汀（FLX）和 N 端片段 Galanin（GAL(1-15)）的结合。在 Wistar Kyoto (WKY) 大鼠（在遗传学上类似于内源性抑郁症）中，我们评估了 GAL(1-15) 在绝望和失神测试中对 FLX 诱导行为的影响。我们使用拮抗剂 M871 和 siRNA 5-HT1A 敲除体内模型探讨了 GALR2 的参与情况。此外，我们还通过自显影结合分析了5-HT1AR在多个脑区的情况。我们分析了皮质酮水平和地塞米松抑制的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素刺激，以研究 HPA 轴的调节。我们的研究结果表明，只有 FLX + GAL（1-15）的组合才能在与绝望有关的行为测试中对 WKY 动物产生抗抑郁作用。这种组合还能降低 WKY 动物体内的皮质酮水平，并调节前额叶皮质中 5-HT1A 血清素能受体的功能特性。这些新结果表明，将GAL（1-15）与FLX结合使用是治疗TRD病例的一种新的增效策略。这表明，加兰宁能系统和血清素能系统之间的相互作用具有创新潜力，可用于寻找治疗抗药性抑郁症的新策略和新药物。

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引用次数: 0

Resveratrol prevents offspring's behavioral impairment associated with immunogenic stress during pregnancy 白藜芦醇可预防妊娠期免疫应激导致的后代行为障碍。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111188

Rener Mateus Francisco Duarte , Erika Renata Ribeiro-Barbosa , Frederico Rogério Ferreira , Foued Salmen Espindola , Vanessa Beatriz Monteiro Galassi Spini

Evidence suggests that prenatal maternal immunological stress is associated with an increased risk of neurological and psychiatric disorders in the developing offspring. Protecting the embryo during this critical period of neurodevelopment, when the brain is especially vulnerable, is therefore crucial. Polyphenols, with their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, offer promising therapeutic approaches. This study demonstrated a series of behavioral changes induced by maternal immune activation (MIA) triggered by an antigenic solution derived from the H1N1 virus. These changes include significant differences in anxiety and risk assessment behaviors, increased immobility in the forced swim test, impairments in memory and object recognition, and social deficits resembling autism. The phenolic compound resveratrol (RSV) was evaluated for its in vitro antioxidant capacity and characterized using infrared spectroscopy. Administering RSV from embryonic day 14 (E14) to embrionyc day 19 (E19) during MIA effectively reduced its harmful effects on the offspring. This was evidenced by a significant restoration of social behaviors, memory, and recognition, as well as anxiolytic and antidepressant effects in the adult offspring. These findings contribute to new therapeutic strategies for preventing psychiatric disorders associated with neurodevelopmental stressors.

有证据表明，产前母体免疫应激与发育中的后代患神经和精神疾病的风险增加有关。因此，在大脑特别脆弱的神经发育关键时期保护胚胎至关重要。多酚具有抗氧化和抗炎特性，是一种很有前景的治疗方法。这项研究证明了由 H1N1 病毒抗原溶液引发的母体免疫激活（MIA）所诱发的一系列行为变化。这些变化包括焦虑和风险评估行为的显著差异、强迫游泳测试中的不稳定性增加、记忆和物体识别能力受损以及类似自闭症的社交障碍。对酚类化合物白藜芦醇（RSV）的体外抗氧化能力进行了评估，并使用红外光谱对其进行了表征。在MIA期间，从胚胎第14天（E14）到胚胎第19天（E19）服用RSV可有效减少其对后代的有害影响。成年后代的社会行为、记忆和识别能力以及抗焦虑和抗抑郁作用都得到了显著恢复。这些发现有助于制定新的治疗策略，预防与神经发育压力相关的精神疾病。

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引用次数: 0

MicroRNA-specific targets for neuronal plasticity, neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, and gut microbes in the pathogenesis and therapeutics of depression 抑郁症发病机制和治疗中神经元可塑性、神经递质、神经营养因子和肠道微生物的微RNA特异性靶点。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111186

Cong-Ya Chen, Yu-Fei Wang, Lan Lei, Yi Zhang

Depression is of great concern because of the huge burden, and it is impacted by various epigenetic modifications, e.g., histone modification, covalent modifications in DNA, and silencing mechanisms of non-coding protein genes, e.g., microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs are a class of endogenous non-coding RNAs. Alternations in specific miRNAs have been observed both in depressive patients and experimental animals. Also, miRNAs are highly expressed in the central nervous system and can be delivered to different tissues via tissue-specific exosomes. However, the mechanism of miRNAs' involvement in the pathological process of depression is not well understood. Therefore, we summarized and discussed the role of miRNAs in depression. Conclusively, miRNAs are involved in the pathology of depression by causing structural and functional changes in synapses, mediating neuronal regeneration, differentiation, and apoptosis, regulating the gut microbes and the expression of various neurotransmitters and BDNF, and mediating inflammatory and immune responses. Moreover, miRNAs can predict the efficacy of antidepressant medications and explain the mechanism of action of antidepressant drugs and aerobic exercise to prevent and assist in treating depression.

抑郁症因其巨大的负担而备受关注，它受到各种表观遗传修饰的影响，如组蛋白修饰、DNA 的共价修饰以及非编码蛋白基因的沉默机制，如 microRNA（miRNA）。miRNA 是一类内源性非编码 RNA。在抑郁症患者和实验动物身上都观察到了特定 miRNA 的交替。此外，miRNA 在中枢神经系统中高度表达，并可通过组织特异性外泌体传递到不同组织。然而，miRNAs 参与抑郁症病理过程的机制尚不十分清楚。因此，我们总结并讨论了 miRNA 在抑郁症中的作用。最终，miRNAs 通过引起突触的结构和功能变化，介导神经元的再生、分化和凋亡，调节肠道微生物和各种神经递质及 BDNF 的表达，以及介导炎症和免疫反应，参与了抑郁症的病理过程。此外，miRNAs 还能预测抗抑郁药物的疗效，解释抗抑郁药物和有氧运动预防和辅助治疗抑郁症的作用机制。

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引用次数: 0

Sigma-1 receptor modulation by fluvoxamine ameliorates valproic acid-induced autistic behavior in rats: Involvement of chronic ER stress modulation, enhanced autophagy and M1/M2 microglia polarization 氟伏沙明对Sigma-1受体的调节可改善丙戊酸诱导的大鼠自闭症行为：慢性ER应激调节、自噬增强和M1/M2小胶质细胞极化的参与。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111192

Ahmed F. Mohamed , Mohamad A. El-Gammal , Mohammed F. EL-Yamany , Ahmed E. Khodeir

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. While, fluvoxamine (FVX) is an antidepressant and widely prescribed to ASD patients, clinical results are inconclusive and the mechanism of FVX in the management of ASD is unclear. This study determined the potential therapeutic impact of FVX, a sigma-1 receptor (S1R) agonist, against the valproic acid (VPA)-induced model of autism. On gestational day 12.5, Wistar pregnant rats were given a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either VPA (600 mg/kg) or normal saline (10 mL/kg, vehicle-control). Starting on postnatal day (PND) 21 to PND 50, FVX (30 mg/kg, P·O. daily) and NE-100, (S1R) antagonist, (1 mg/kg, i.p. daily) were given to male pups. Behavior tests and histopathological changes were identified at the end of the experiment. In addition, the cerebellum biomarkers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy were assessed. Microglial cell polarization to M1 and M2 phenotypes was also assessed. FVX effectively mitigated the histopathological alterations in the cerebellum caused by VPA. FVX enhanced sociability and stereotypic behaviors in addition to its noteworthy impact on autophagy enhancement, ER stress deterioration, and controlling microglial cell polarization. The current investigation confirmed that the S1R agonist, FVX, can lessen behavioral and neurochemical alterations in the VPA-induced rat model of autism.

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍。氟伏沙明（FVX）是一种抗抑郁药，广泛用于自闭症谱系障碍患者，但临床结果尚无定论，FVX治疗自闭症谱系障碍的机制也不清楚。本研究确定了σ-1受体（S1R）激动剂FVX对丙戊酸（VPA）诱导的自闭症模型的潜在治疗作用。在妊娠第 12.5 天，给 Wistar 怀孕大鼠腹腔注射一次 VPA（600 毫克/千克）或生理盐水（10 毫升/千克，载体对照）。从出生后第 21 天到第 50 天，给雄性幼崽注射 FVX（30 毫克/千克，每天一次）和 NE-100（S1R）拮抗剂（1 毫克/千克，每天一次）。实验结束时对行为测试和组织病理学变化进行鉴定。此外，还评估了小脑内质网（ER）应激和自噬的生物标志物。还评估了小胶质细胞极化为M1和M2表型的情况。FVX能有效缓解VPA引起的小脑组织病理学改变。除了对自噬增强、ER应激恶化和控制小胶质细胞极化有显著影响外，FVX还增强了交际能力和刻板行为。目前的研究证实，S1R激动剂FVX可以减轻VPA诱导的自闭症大鼠模型的行为和神经化学改变。

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引用次数: 0

Plasma neurofilament light chain levels are associated with delirium tremens in patients with alcohol use disorder 血浆神经丝蛋白轻链水平与酒精使用障碍患者的震颤性谵妄有关。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111189

Yu-Chi Hou , Francesco Bavato , Tung-Hsia Liu , Hu-Ming Chang , Hsiang-Wei Kuo , Shih-Chun Meng , Yu-Li Liu , Ming-Chyi Huang

Delirium tremens (DT) is the most severe and life-threatening manifestation of alcohol withdrawal. Prompt identification and treatment are crucial in the clinical management of DT, but laboratory markers in this context are still lacking. Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been proposed as a novel blood marker of neuroaxonal pathology. Therefore, we investigated the association between plasma NfL levels on admission and the occurrence of DT in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). NfL levels were measured on admission in 224 patients with AUD undergoing alcohol withdrawal treatment and in 116 healthy individuals. We monitored patients with AUD during the following 2 weeks of hospitalization and categorized them according to the prospective occurrence of DT (n = 25) or not (n = 199). Plasma NfL levels at admission were highest in patients who later developed DT, compared to AUD patients without DT, and healthy individuals (63.1 ± 47.2, 24.0 ± 22.4, 11.8 ± 6.1 pg/mL, respectively, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that a cut-off NfL level of 27.2 pg/mL could discriminate AUD patients who later developed DT (sensitivity: 80.0 %; specificity: 72.4 %; area under the curve: 0.84, p < 0.001), with an odds ratio of 9.43 (95 % CI 3.26–27.32; p < 0.001) for the risk of developing DT. Our findings suggest that NfL levels at admission may predict DT occurrence in patients with AUD and implicate neuroaxonal pathology in the pathophysiology of DT. Further research is needed to validate these findings and to explore the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.

震颤性谵妄（DT）是戒酒后最严重、最危及生命的表现。及时发现和治疗是临床治疗震颤性谵妄的关键，但目前仍缺乏这方面的实验室标志物。神经丝蛋白轻链（NfL）被认为是神经轴病理学的新型血液标记物。因此，我们研究了酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者入院时血浆 NfL 水平与 DT 发生率之间的关系。我们对 224 名接受戒酒治疗的 AUD 患者和 116 名健康人入院时的 NfL 水平进行了测量。我们在随后的两周住院期间对 AUD 患者进行了监测，并根据 DT 的预期发生率（25 人）或未发生率（199 人）对他们进行了分类。与未发生 DT 的 AUD 患者和健康人相比，入院时发生 DT 的患者血浆 NfL 水平最高（分别为 63.1 ± 47.2、24.0 ± 22.4、11.8 ± 6.1 pg/mL，P

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引用次数: 0

Soluble epoxide hydrolase deletion rescues behavioral and synaptic deficits by AMPK-mTOR pathway in autism animals 可溶性环氧化物水解酶的缺失可通过AMPK-mTOR途径挽救自闭症动物的行为和突触缺陷。

IF 5.3 2区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111190

Ming-Chia Chu , Han-Fang Wu , Chi-Wei Lee , Chi-Chun Wu , Hsiang Chi , Chiung-Yuan Ko , Yi-Chao Lee , Chih-Wei Tang , Po See Chen , Hui-Ching Lin

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social defects often accompanied with emotional comorbidities. Aberrations in synaptic function and plasticity are the core feature in the pathophysiology of ASD. Targeting soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) has been found to exert protection in a wide-range of pathological conditions. However, the regulation of sEH deficiency on the synaptic deficits of ASD and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The valproate (VPA)-treated ASD animal model with genetic sEH knockout was applied in the present study. The results showed that the sEH expression was significantly increased in the prefrontal cortex of VPA-treated animals. Although no effect was found on tail malformation and body weight loss, genetic sEH deletion alleviated social deficits, and fear learning and memory extinction in the VPA-treated mice. After a series of electrophysiological assessments, we found that the beneficial effects of sEH deletion focused on the long-term synaptic plasticity, rather than presynaptic efficiency, in the VPA-treated mice. Furthermore, we observed that the dysregulated AMPK-mTOR pathway was restored under genetic sEH deletion in VPA-treated mice. Taken together, these findings uncovered an important role of sEH deficiency in the synaptic dysfunctions of ASD mediated by AMPK-mTOR pathway, providing a novel therapeutic target for ASD.

自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种以社交缺陷为特征的神经发育障碍，通常伴有情感方面的并发症。突触功能和可塑性的异常是自闭症病理生理学的核心特征。研究发现，靶向可溶性环氧化物水解酶（sEH）可在多种病理情况下发挥保护作用。然而，sEH 缺乏对 ASD 突触缺陷的调节作用及其内在机制仍不清楚。本研究应用丙戊酸钠（VPA）处理的遗传性sEH基因敲除的ASD动物模型。结果显示，经 VPA 处理的动物前额叶皮层中 sEH 表达明显增加。虽然基因sEH缺失对小鼠的尾部畸形和体重减轻没有影响，但却减轻了VPA治疗小鼠的社交障碍、恐惧学习和记忆消退。经过一系列电生理学评估后，我们发现，sEH 基因缺失对 VPA 治疗小鼠的有益影响主要集中在长期突触可塑性上，而不是突触前效率上。此外，我们还观察到，在遗传性 sEH 缺失的 VPA 治疗小鼠中，失调的 AMPK-mTOR 通路得到了恢复。综上所述，这些发现揭示了sEH缺乏在AMPK-mTOR通路介导的ASD突触功能障碍中的重要作用，为ASD提供了一个新的治疗靶点。

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