Abstract Heat-stressed New World vultures (Cathartidae) practice urohidrosis by excreting urate-rich urine on their tarsi and feet to decrease body temperature through evaporative cooling. Soft par...
{"title":"Urohidrosis and tarsal color in Cathartes vultures (Aves: Cathartidae)","authors":"G. Graves","doi":"10.2988/19-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/19-00002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Heat-stressed New World vultures (Cathartidae) practice urohidrosis by excreting urate-rich urine on their tarsi and feet to decrease body temperature through evaporative cooling. Soft par...","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44753092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Precht, S. Vollmer, Alexander B. Modys, L. Kaufman
Abstract. Acropora prolifera is an ecologically distinctive western Atlantic reef-building coral that originates from hybridization and back-crossing between A. palmata and A. cervicornis. It has been suggested that A. prolifera might be a recent product of precipitous decline in the abundance of the two parent species, forcing hybridization where both it and its product might not otherwise be prevalent phenomena. We present evidence that A. prolifera has a fossil record dating back to at least the late Pleistocene, and that it was ecologically significant prior to the region-wide die-back of acroporid corals. These data, when taken collectively, reveal that hybridization in the Caribbean acroporids is historically rooted and not a recent artifact of changes in Caribbean reef ecology. It is becoming apparent that hybrid taxa likely play an important but underappreciated role in coral reef ecology and reef-building more generally. This is consistent with recent recognition that interspecific hybridization can drive evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis in animals as well as plants.
{"title":"Fossil Acropora prolifera (Lamarck, 1816) reveals coral hybridization is not only a recent phenomenon","authors":"W. Precht, S. Vollmer, Alexander B. Modys, L. Kaufman","doi":"10.2988/18-D-18-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-D-18-00011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Acropora prolifera is an ecologically distinctive western Atlantic reef-building coral that originates from hybridization and back-crossing between A. palmata and A. cervicornis. It has been suggested that A. prolifera might be a recent product of precipitous decline in the abundance of the two parent species, forcing hybridization where both it and its product might not otherwise be prevalent phenomena. We present evidence that A. prolifera has a fossil record dating back to at least the late Pleistocene, and that it was ecologically significant prior to the region-wide die-back of acroporid corals. These data, when taken collectively, reveal that hybridization in the Caribbean acroporids is historically rooted and not a recent artifact of changes in Caribbean reef ecology. It is becoming apparent that hybrid taxa likely play an important but underappreciated role in coral reef ecology and reef-building more generally. This is consistent with recent recognition that interspecific hybridization can drive evolutionary innovation and cladogenesis in animals as well as plants.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49548204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Cerion uva gouldi is described as a new subspecies to include only fossil and subfossil Cerion uva from Aruba. The name Cerion uva arubanum Baker, 1924 had previously been applied to all Cerion uva from Aruba, living and fossil. A recent molecular study has shown that Cerion uva arubanum, a taxon based on living type material from Aruba, is a synonym of Cerion uva uva (Linnaeus, 1758), with which it shares a preponderance of mitochondrial haplotypes. Cerion uva was widespread on Aruba during the Pleistocene, but became extinct on that island and was subsequently reintroduced from a population near Willemstad in eastern Curaçao by humans within the past 800 years. Earlier authors had recognized that fossil Cerion from Aruba differ in morphology from those living on the island today, with fossils being more similar to specimens from western Curaçao and Bonaire, while those living on Aruba today are most similar to Cerion uva uva from eastern Curaçao. Cerion uva gouldi may be distinguished from living populations of Cerion on Aruba on the basis of its cylindrical rather than ovate shell shape, its more closely spaced whorls, and its round aperture with a uniform rather than anteriorly expanded parietal rim.
{"title":"Cerion uva gouldi, a new fossil subspecies from Aruba (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Cerionidae)","authors":"M. G. Harasewych","doi":"10.2988/18-00013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Cerion uva gouldi is described as a new subspecies to include only fossil and subfossil Cerion uva from Aruba. The name Cerion uva arubanum Baker, 1924 had previously been applied to all Cerion uva from Aruba, living and fossil. A recent molecular study has shown that Cerion uva arubanum, a taxon based on living type material from Aruba, is a synonym of Cerion uva uva (Linnaeus, 1758), with which it shares a preponderance of mitochondrial haplotypes. Cerion uva was widespread on Aruba during the Pleistocene, but became extinct on that island and was subsequently reintroduced from a population near Willemstad in eastern Curaçao by humans within the past 800 years. Earlier authors had recognized that fossil Cerion from Aruba differ in morphology from those living on the island today, with fossils being more similar to specimens from western Curaçao and Bonaire, while those living on Aruba today are most similar to Cerion uva uva from eastern Curaçao. Cerion uva gouldi may be distinguished from living populations of Cerion on Aruba on the basis of its cylindrical rather than ovate shell shape, its more closely spaced whorls, and its round aperture with a uniform rather than anteriorly expanded parietal rim.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-01DOI: 10.2988/0006-324X-134.1.407
Sergiusz uczak
{"title":"Erratum","authors":"Sergiusz uczak","doi":"10.2988/0006-324X-134.1.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/0006-324X-134.1.407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43198749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract. Fringe-lip tongue soles with three ocular-side lateral lines and different ocular-side color patterns were collected mainly at fish landing ports from east to south coastal regions of China. Specimens were divided into three groups: those with color patterns previously reported for Paraplagusia japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) called Color Pattern I (CPI) and Color Pattern II (CPII); and those, preliminarily identified as Paraplagusia sp., that featured a different color pattern (CPIII). CPI featured only pale ocelli superimposed on a greenish-brown or yellowish-brown background color; CPII featured only black spots superimposed on a brownish-black or grayish-brown background color; and CPIII featured both pale ocelli and black spots mixed over a yellowish-brown or brownish-black background color. Specimens with CPI pattern are smaller in body size (78.3–279.0 mm SL) compared to the lengths of specimens with the CPII (191.7–337.1 mm SL) and CPIII patterns (155.9–352.9 mm SL). To determine whether specimens with CPIII represent a species different from P. japonica, a series of morphological characters and two partial gene sequences (COI and RAG1) were analyzed. Analyses revealed that specimens with these three different color patterns overlapped in 27 morphological characters including nine meristic and 18 morphometric features. And, the K2P genetic distances of COI and RAG1 fragments were 0.000–0.007 and 0.000–0.006, respectively. This study confirms that fringe-lip tongue soles inhabiting coastal waters of China that possess three lateral lines, but have different ocular-side pigmentation patterns, belong to one species, P. japonica. These results also caution the use of pigment features as diagnostic characters to distinguish species of Paraplagusia. An updated redescription and synonymy for P. japonica, including summaries of variation in morphological characters and pigmentation, size at maturity, and geographical distribution are provided. Results of the present study will be helpful in better understanding the taxonomic significance of color patterns of cynoglossid flatfishes.
摘要主要在中国东部至南部沿海的鱼类登陆港采集到具有三条眼侧侧线和不同眼侧颜色图案的边缘唇舌底。样本被分为三组：具有先前报道的日本副瘟疫（Temminck&Schlegel，1846）的颜色模式的样本，称为颜色模式I（CPI）和颜色模式II（CPII）；以及初步鉴定为具有不同颜色模式（CPIII）的Parapestisia sp。CPI的特点是只有浅ocelli叠加在绿棕色或黄棕色的背景色上；CPII的特点是只有黑色斑点叠加在棕黑色或灰棕色的背景色上；CPIII的特征是淡ocelli和黑点混合在黄褐色或棕黑色的背景色上。与CPII（191.7–337.1 mm SL）和CPIII（155.9–352.9 mm SL）样本的长度相比，具有CPI图案的样本的体型较小（78.3–279.0 mm SL）。为了确定具有CPIII的标本是否代表不同于日本血吸虫的物种，分析了一系列形态特征和两个部分基因序列（COI和RAG1）。分析表明，具有这三种不同颜色模式的标本在27个形态特征上重叠，包括9个分生组织特征和18个形态计量特征。COI和RAG1片段的K2P遗传距离分别为0.000-0.007和0.000-0.006。本研究证实，生活在中国沿海水域的边缘唇舌底具有三条侧线，但具有不同的眼侧色素沉着模式，属于一个物种，即P.japonica。这些结果还提醒使用色素特征作为诊断特征来区分副瘟疫种。提供了最新的日本P.japonica的重新描述和同义词，包括形态特征和色素沉着的变化、成熟时的大小和地理分布的摘要。本研究的结果将有助于更好地理解舌骨比目鱼颜色模式的分类学意义。
{"title":"Color pattern variation, nomenclatural appraisal, and re-description of Paraplagusia japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae)","authors":"Hairong Luo, T. Munroe, Xiaoyu Kong","doi":"10.2988/18-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Fringe-lip tongue soles with three ocular-side lateral lines and different ocular-side color patterns were collected mainly at fish landing ports from east to south coastal regions of China. Specimens were divided into three groups: those with color patterns previously reported for Paraplagusia japonica (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) called Color Pattern I (CPI) and Color Pattern II (CPII); and those, preliminarily identified as Paraplagusia sp., that featured a different color pattern (CPIII). CPI featured only pale ocelli superimposed on a greenish-brown or yellowish-brown background color; CPII featured only black spots superimposed on a brownish-black or grayish-brown background color; and CPIII featured both pale ocelli and black spots mixed over a yellowish-brown or brownish-black background color. Specimens with CPI pattern are smaller in body size (78.3–279.0 mm SL) compared to the lengths of specimens with the CPII (191.7–337.1 mm SL) and CPIII patterns (155.9–352.9 mm SL). To determine whether specimens with CPIII represent a species different from P. japonica, a series of morphological characters and two partial gene sequences (COI and RAG1) were analyzed. Analyses revealed that specimens with these three different color patterns overlapped in 27 morphological characters including nine meristic and 18 morphometric features. And, the K2P genetic distances of COI and RAG1 fragments were 0.000–0.007 and 0.000–0.006, respectively. This study confirms that fringe-lip tongue soles inhabiting coastal waters of China that possess three lateral lines, but have different ocular-side pigmentation patterns, belong to one species, P. japonica. These results also caution the use of pigment features as diagnostic characters to distinguish species of Paraplagusia. An updated redescription and synonymy for P. japonica, including summaries of variation in morphological characters and pigmentation, size at maturity, and geographical distribution are provided. Results of the present study will be helpful in better understanding the taxonomic significance of color patterns of cynoglossid flatfishes.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47113756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Landers, M. Sørensen, Nuria Sánchez, K. Beaton, Jonathan M. Miller, J. Ingels
Abstract.— Kinorhynchs are microscopic invertebrates that are part of the meiofaunal community. Their diversity and distribution has been relatively unstudied in the Gulf of Mexico until the past few years. Past studies from Troy University have reported 32 species of kinorhynchs in the Gulf, from Texas to Florida. This study reports a re-sampling effort which focused on the Louisiana shelf, in an attempt to further understand the relationships between the shelf sediment and the kinorhynch diversity. For this work, sediment was sampled at 16 locations in 2015 using a multicorer. Kinorhynchs were isolated using centrifugation. Animal densities ranged from <1–33/10 cm2, with an average of 12 animals/10 cm2. A total of 345 animals were identified to the species level. Echinoderes bookhouti was the most abundant animal, which along with E. augustae, E. spinifurca, E. skipperae, and Leiocanthus cf. L. langi accounted for almost all the identifications. Additionally, we report four new species records for the Gulf of Mexico: Pycnophyes alexandroi, P. norenburgi, Antygomonas paulae, and Leiocanthus cf. L. corrugatus. These data reveal a multi-year trend with regard to dominant kinorhynch species within the Gulf of Mexico, and support an earlier study of Gulf kinorhynchs from 2013–2014. Multivariate analysis revealed that sediment locations with higher densities of kinorhynchs associated with higher levels of organic matter, and sediment locations with low densities associated with sandy sediment.
{"title":"Kinorhynch communities on the Louisiana continental shelf","authors":"S. Landers, M. Sørensen, Nuria Sánchez, K. Beaton, Jonathan M. Miller, J. Ingels","doi":"10.2988/18-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract.— Kinorhynchs are microscopic invertebrates that are part of the meiofaunal community. Their diversity and distribution has been relatively unstudied in the Gulf of Mexico until the past few years. Past studies from Troy University have reported 32 species of kinorhynchs in the Gulf, from Texas to Florida. This study reports a re-sampling effort which focused on the Louisiana shelf, in an attempt to further understand the relationships between the shelf sediment and the kinorhynch diversity. For this work, sediment was sampled at 16 locations in 2015 using a multicorer. Kinorhynchs were isolated using centrifugation. Animal densities ranged from <1–33/10 cm2, with an average of 12 animals/10 cm2. A total of 345 animals were identified to the species level. Echinoderes bookhouti was the most abundant animal, which along with E. augustae, E. spinifurca, E. skipperae, and Leiocanthus cf. L. langi accounted for almost all the identifications. Additionally, we report four new species records for the Gulf of Mexico: Pycnophyes alexandroi, P. norenburgi, Antygomonas paulae, and Leiocanthus cf. L. corrugatus. These data reveal a multi-year trend with regard to dominant kinorhynch species within the Gulf of Mexico, and support an earlier study of Gulf kinorhynchs from 2013–2014. Multivariate analysis revealed that sediment locations with higher densities of kinorhynchs associated with higher levels of organic matter, and sediment locations with low densities associated with sandy sediment.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46918156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract.— One of the problems with undertaking revisions within Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815 is the tendency for chaining within the genus Strombus Linné, 1758. Strombus is often used taxonomically as a holder for confusing taxa acting in sensu lato (s.l.). This paper addresses one of the chaining issues with Strombus with the erection of Striatostrombus gen. nov. This revision is based on morphology and spatio-temporal considerations in relation to the determination of species reassignment to the new genus. While there are no extant members of Striatostrombus, two extinct species currently classified as Strombus (Lentigo) micklei Ladd, 1972 and Strombus (s.l.) blanci Tröndlé & Salvat, 2010 were brought into the new genus. The shifting of S. blanci to Striatostrombus provides improved taxonomic clarity within Strombus Linné, 1758 sensu stricto and furthermore, the new genus provides a new cladistic reference point that aids in the understanding of the evolution and radiation within the Strombidae.
{"title":"Presenting a new genus within Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Littorinimorpha) with notes on the taxonomic position of Strombus (Lentigo) micklei Ladd, 1972 and the validity of Strombus (s.l.) blanci Tröndlé & Salvat, 2010","authors":"Aart M. Dekkers, S. Maxwell","doi":"10.2988/18-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract.— One of the problems with undertaking revisions within Strombidae Rafinesque, 1815 is the tendency for chaining within the genus Strombus Linné, 1758. Strombus is often used taxonomically as a holder for confusing taxa acting in sensu lato (s.l.). This paper addresses one of the chaining issues with Strombus with the erection of Striatostrombus gen. nov. This revision is based on morphology and spatio-temporal considerations in relation to the determination of species reassignment to the new genus. While there are no extant members of Striatostrombus, two extinct species currently classified as Strombus (Lentigo) micklei Ladd, 1972 and Strombus (s.l.) blanci Tröndlé & Salvat, 2010 were brought into the new genus. The shifting of S. blanci to Striatostrombus provides improved taxonomic clarity within Strombus Linné, 1758 sensu stricto and furthermore, the new genus provides a new cladistic reference point that aids in the understanding of the evolution and radiation within the Strombidae.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45919928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract.— John Bachman (1837:391) described the “fringe-footed shrew,” Sorex fimbripes Bachman, 1837, in his landmark monograph on the North American Soricidae (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla), in which he recognized 13 uniquely New World species. Characters he attributed to S. fimbripes resulted in its being interpreted as a tiny, semi-aquatic species and contributed to the complexity of its subsequent taxonomic history. The status and location of the holotype, which should aid in resolving questions about the nature of S. fimbripes, instead have added to the confusion. Originally studied by Bachman in South Carolina, the holotype was later thought to have been identified in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), and it is currently considered to be in the National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, D.C. To clarify the identity of the species and its holotype, I compared descriptions of the holotype and the ANSP type with the USNM specimen and with eight species of eastern North American shrews. I conclude that the three accounts of S. fimbripes refer to three different specimens and that the holotype was probably destroyed during the American Civil War. Bachman's S. fimbripes was most likely equivalent to S. cinereus Kerr, 1792, S. fontinalis Hollister, 1911, or S. fumeus Miller, 1895, but without the holotype, its identity cannot be determined definitively, and the name is a nomen dubium.
{"title":"Taxonomic evaluation of the three “type” specimens of the fringe-footed shrew, Sorex fimbripes Bachman, 1837 (Mammalia: Soricidae) and recommended nomenclatural status of the name","authors":"N. Woodman","doi":"10.2988/18-00007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract.— John Bachman (1837:391) described the “fringe-footed shrew,” Sorex fimbripes Bachman, 1837, in his landmark monograph on the North American Soricidae (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla), in which he recognized 13 uniquely New World species. Characters he attributed to S. fimbripes resulted in its being interpreted as a tiny, semi-aquatic species and contributed to the complexity of its subsequent taxonomic history. The status and location of the holotype, which should aid in resolving questions about the nature of S. fimbripes, instead have added to the confusion. Originally studied by Bachman in South Carolina, the holotype was later thought to have been identified in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP), and it is currently considered to be in the National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, D.C. To clarify the identity of the species and its holotype, I compared descriptions of the holotype and the ANSP type with the USNM specimen and with eight species of eastern North American shrews. I conclude that the three accounts of S. fimbripes refer to three different specimens and that the holotype was probably destroyed during the American Civil War. Bachman's S. fimbripes was most likely equivalent to S. cinereus Kerr, 1792, S. fontinalis Hollister, 1911, or S. fumeus Miller, 1895, but without the holotype, its identity cannot be determined definitively, and the name is a nomen dubium.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46702632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The genus Favia Oken, 1815, represents one of the most widely used taxa in scleractinian history but is formally unavailable because vol. 3 (Zoologie) of Oken's (1815) work Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte, in which the name was first published, was rejected by the ICZN for nomenclatural purposes (Opinion 417, September 1956). De Blainville (1820, p. 293–294) was the first author who used the genus Favia in a valid work. Because no valid type species is available, the species Madrepora fragum Esper, 1795, is therefore designated herein as the type species of Favia. This taxon is chosen from the list of species which are given in de Blainville (1820, p. 293–294). Because both de Blainville (1820) clearly referred to Oken's (1815) work and M. fragum is designated as the type species of Favia, the genus Favia de Blainville, 1820, retains its genus concept sensu Oken.
Favia Oken属，1815年，代表了石骨虫历史上最广泛使用的分类群之一，但正式不可用，因为Oken(1815)的作品Lehrbuch der naturgeschicte的第3卷(Zoologie)，其中首次发表了该名称，因命名目的被ICZN拒绝(意见417,1956年9月)。De Blainville (1820, p. 293-294)是第一个在有效的著作中使用Favia属的作者。由于没有有效的模式种，因此本文将Madrepora fragum Esper, 1795定为Favia的模式种。这个分类群选自de Blainville (1820, p. 293-294)给出的种表。由于de Blainville(1820)明确提到了Oken(1815)的工作，而M. fragum被指定为Favia的模式种，因此Favia de Blainville属(1820)保留了其属概念sensu Oken。
{"title":"Nomenclatural notes on the genus Favia (Anthozoa: Scleractinia: Faviina: Faviidae)","authors":"R. C. Baron-Szabo","doi":"10.2988/18-00006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2988/18-00006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The genus Favia Oken, 1815, represents one of the most widely used taxa in scleractinian history but is formally unavailable because vol. 3 (Zoologie) of Oken's (1815) work Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte, in which the name was first published, was rejected by the ICZN for nomenclatural purposes (Opinion 417, September 1956). De Blainville (1820, p. 293–294) was the first author who used the genus Favia in a valid work. Because no valid type species is available, the species Madrepora fragum Esper, 1795, is therefore designated herein as the type species of Favia. This taxon is chosen from the list of species which are given in de Blainville (1820, p. 293–294). Because both de Blainville (1820) clearly referred to Oken's (1815) work and M. fragum is designated as the type species of Favia, the genus Favia de Blainville, 1820, retains its genus concept sensu Oken.","PeriodicalId":54578,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2018-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2988/18-00006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43582838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma S. Perry, P. Rawson, Natalie J. Ameral, W. R. Miller, Jeffrey D. Miller
Abstract The first new species of tardigrade in the family Echiniscoididae from the west coast of America is presented with an integrative description. Echiniscoides rugostellatus n. sp. was found on barnacles from a piling, in the Straits of Juan Fuca, Puget Sound, Port Townsend, Washington, USA. The new species is named after its granulated dorsal cuticle and the star-shaped tip of its internal and external cirri. The new species is separated from all other Echiniscoides by its granulated cuticle with flat patches, the number of claws on the legs of the adult and the structure of the buccal cirri.
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