Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231113-03
Cherie Priya Dhar, Jessica L Feuerstein, Caroline Salas-Humara
Genital ulcers may be located on the vagina, penis, and anorectal or perineal areas and may be infectious or noninfectious. Vaginal ulcers affect patients of all ages and are commonly due to sexually transmitted infections, such as herpes simplex virus, the most common cause of genital ulcers in the United States. Non-sexually transmitted infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, and other noninfectious causes, such as trauma, medications, and autoimmune disease, rarely can present with genital ulcers. Appropriate history, examination findings, and targeted testing must be used to correctly diagnose and treat vaginal ulcers. [Pediatr Ann. 2024;53(1):e10-e16.].
{"title":"Overview of Vaginal Ulcerative Disease.","authors":"Cherie Priya Dhar, Jessica L Feuerstein, Caroline Salas-Humara","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231113-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231113-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genital ulcers may be located on the vagina, penis, and anorectal or perineal areas and may be infectious or noninfectious. Vaginal ulcers affect patients of all ages and are commonly due to sexually transmitted infections, such as herpes simplex virus, the most common cause of genital ulcers in the United States. Non-sexually transmitted infections, such as Epstein-Barr virus, and other noninfectious causes, such as trauma, medications, and autoimmune disease, rarely can present with genital ulcers. Appropriate history, examination findings, and targeted testing must be used to correctly diagnose and treat vaginal ulcers. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2024;53(1):e10-e16.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"53 1","pages":"e10-e16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139405229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231016-07
Chandani DeZure
Given the prevalence of jaundice in newborns, and the consequences of untreated hyperbilirubinemia, the long-awaited revised clinical practice guidelines for hyperbilirubinemia were finally released in August 2022 by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an update to the 2004 guidelines on the same topic. As new evidence and data become available, it is important for pediatricians and neonatologists to re-assess their clinical decision-making over time to ensure that patients are receiving the best care possible. With improvements in medical equipment and medical technology, and growing concerns about the overtreatment of hyperbilirubinemia, the newest clinical practice guidelines attempt to tackle the prevention, risk assessment, monitoring, and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia with these things in mind. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(12):e436-e439.].
{"title":"Updated Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Hyperbilirubinemia in Infants Born at 35 Weeks or More Gestation.","authors":"Chandani DeZure","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-07","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Given the prevalence of jaundice in newborns, and the consequences of untreated hyperbilirubinemia, the long-awaited revised clinical practice guidelines for hyperbilirubinemia were finally released in August 2022 by the American Academy of Pediatrics as an update to the 2004 guidelines on the same topic. As new evidence and data become available, it is important for pediatricians and neonatologists to re-assess their clinical decision-making over time to ensure that patients are receiving the best care possible. With improvements in medical equipment and medical technology, and growing concerns about the overtreatment of hyperbilirubinemia, the newest clinical practice guidelines attempt to tackle the prevention, risk assessment, monitoring, and treatment of hyperbilirubinemia with these things in mind. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2023;52(12):e436-e439.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e436-e439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231017-01
Viviane Tchonang Leuche, Roberto Delgado-Zapata, Lisa Umphrey, Suet Kam Lam, Kristin Cardiel Nunez, Victor Musiime, Amy Rule
Global health (GH) as an academic field is fraught with both historical and present systemic injustice, including unilateral partnerships, power asymmetry in grant funding and research agenda setting, lack of acknowledgment of low- and middle-income countries' contributions, and bias toward high-income countries' institutions. Reflecting on colonialism and White supremacy's legacy is vital for training pediatricians to actively work to create more bidirectional partnerships to improve the health of all children worldwide. In this review, we discuss the present challenges within academic GH and offer four key action steps to decolonize GH education: (1) reflecting on the history of global child health; (2) creating a new language framework; (3) reviewing cultural humility, antiracism, and decolonization curricula; and (4) discussing institutional action steps to decolonize and sustain culturally safe global child health education. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(12):e467-e473.].
{"title":"Decolonizing Global Child Health Education for More Equitable and Culturally Safe Collaborations.","authors":"Viviane Tchonang Leuche, Roberto Delgado-Zapata, Lisa Umphrey, Suet Kam Lam, Kristin Cardiel Nunez, Victor Musiime, Amy Rule","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231017-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231017-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global health (GH) as an academic field is fraught with both historical and present systemic injustice, including unilateral partnerships, power asymmetry in grant funding and research agenda setting, lack of acknowledgment of low- and middle-income countries' contributions, and bias toward high-income countries' institutions. Reflecting on colonialism and White supremacy's legacy is vital for training pediatricians to actively work to create more bidirectional partnerships to improve the health of all children worldwide. In this review, we discuss the present challenges within academic GH and offer four key action steps to decolonize GH education: (1) reflecting on the history of global child health; (2) creating a new language framework; (3) reviewing cultural humility, antiracism, and decolonization curricula; and (4) discussing institutional action steps to decolonize and sustain culturally safe global child health education. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2023;52(12):e467-e473.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e467-e473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231016-03
Janet Y Lee
Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth may pursue gender-affirming medical therapy in the form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa), or "puberty blockers," if pubertal changes result in the development or worsening of gender dysphoria. GnRHa monotherapy can allow TGD youth to explore gender without the distress of unwanted secondary sexual characteristics. However, given the potential effects of GnRHa on growth, skeletal development, neurodevelopment, fertility, and future surgical outcomes, it is critical to accurately assess pubertal status to facilitate fully informed conversations with TGD youth and families about risks, benefits, and unknown consequences of GnRHa monotherapy. The focus of this discussion will be on the approach to puberty assessment in TGD youth as well as the different effects of GnRHa monotherapy that may be important to TGD youth and their families. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(12):e462-e466.].
{"title":"Puberty Assessment and Consideration of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonists in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth.","authors":"Janet Y Lee","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth may pursue gender-affirming medical therapy in the form of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues (GnRHa), or \"puberty blockers,\" if pubertal changes result in the development or worsening of gender dysphoria. GnRHa monotherapy can allow TGD youth to explore gender without the distress of unwanted secondary sexual characteristics. However, given the potential effects of GnRHa on growth, skeletal development, neurodevelopment, fertility, and future surgical outcomes, it is critical to accurately assess pubertal status to facilitate fully informed conversations with TGD youth and families about risks, benefits, and unknown consequences of GnRHa monotherapy. The focus of this discussion will be on the approach to puberty assessment in TGD youth as well as the different effects of GnRHa monotherapy that may be important to TGD youth and their families. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2023;52(12):e462-e466.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e462-e466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11045295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231016-04
Juanita K Hodax, Julia M Crouch, Janis L Sethness, Davia Loren, Nicole F Kahn, Peter G Asante, Gina M Sequeira
Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth have high rates of health disparities and face significant barriers to accessing medical care. Primary care providers (PCPs) are often the first health care providers that TGD youth seek out to discuss gender identity and find support. Thus, it is crucial for PCPs to have an understanding of gender diversity and knowledge to support TGD youth with gender-affirming care. The purpose of this article is to offer strategies PCPs can implement to increase their comfort and capacity in providing care for TGD people. Key steps to support TGD youth in the primary care setting include creating affirming clinical environments, discussing gender identity at routine visits, supporting parents and families, supporting social transition, and providing menstrual suppression for those who desire it. Multidisciplinary gender clinics can partner with PCPs to support adolescents in accessing gender-affirming medical care and to provide additional education and support. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(12):e442-e449.].
{"title":"Strategies for Providing Gender-Affirming Care for Adolescents in the Primary Care Setting.","authors":"Juanita K Hodax, Julia M Crouch, Janis L Sethness, Davia Loren, Nicole F Kahn, Peter G Asante, Gina M Sequeira","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) youth have high rates of health disparities and face significant barriers to accessing medical care. Primary care providers (PCPs) are often the first health care providers that TGD youth seek out to discuss gender identity and find support. Thus, it is crucial for PCPs to have an understanding of gender diversity and knowledge to support TGD youth with gender-affirming care. The purpose of this article is to offer strategies PCPs can implement to increase their comfort and capacity in providing care for TGD people. Key steps to support TGD youth in the primary care setting include creating affirming clinical environments, discussing gender identity at routine visits, supporting parents and families, supporting social transition, and providing menstrual suppression for those who desire it. Multidisciplinary gender clinics can partner with PCPs to support adolescents in accessing gender-affirming medical care and to provide additional education and support. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2023;52(12):e442-e449.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e442-e449"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231105-03
Joseph R Hageman, Lolita Alcocer Alkureishi, Stan L Block
{"title":"Is It Really Acute Bacterial Sinusitis?","authors":"Joseph R Hageman, Lolita Alcocer Alkureishi, Stan L Block","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e434-e435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231105-02
Philip R Fischer
{"title":"Response: Global Child Health Education: A Philippine Experience.","authors":"Philip R Fischer","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e474-e475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231016-01
Michelle Lemelman, Raina V Voss
{"title":"Care for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth: A Primer for the Pediatrician.","authors":"Michelle Lemelman, Raina V Voss","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e440-e441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231016-02
Claire A Coyne, T Zachary Huit, Aron Janssen, Diane Chen
Increasing numbers of youth are identifying as transgender or gender diverse (TGD), meaning their gender identity or expression do not conform to culturally defined expectations for their designated sex at birth. The mental health needs of TGD youth are diverse, and to effectively address these needs requires knowledgeable general pediatric providers, who often are families' first resource for education and support around gender diversity. To help general pediatric providers work more effectively with TGD youth, we describe the role of mental health providers working with TGD youth and how best to support TGD youth's access to gender-affirming mental health and medical interventions. [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(12):e456-e461.].
{"title":"Supporting the Mental Health of Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth.","authors":"Claire A Coyne, T Zachary Huit, Aron Janssen, Diane Chen","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231016-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increasing numbers of youth are identifying as transgender or gender diverse (TGD), meaning their gender identity or expression do not conform to culturally defined expectations for their designated sex at birth. The mental health needs of TGD youth are diverse, and to effectively address these needs requires knowledgeable general pediatric providers, who often are families' first resource for education and support around gender diversity. To help general pediatric providers work more effectively with TGD youth, we describe the role of mental health providers working with TGD youth and how best to support TGD youth's access to gender-affirming mental health and medical interventions. <b>[<i>Pediatr Ann</i>. 2023;52(12):e456-e461.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e456-e461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.3928/19382359-20231105-01
Jeff Clyde G Corpuz
{"title":"Global Child Health Education: A Philippine Experience.","authors":"Jeff Clyde G Corpuz","doi":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/19382359-20231105-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54633,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Annals","volume":"52 12","pages":"e474-e475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}