Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine最新文献

Female participation in sports, particularly contact sports, increases on a yearly basis, and injuries have become more prevalent with this trend. Despite this, there is a lack of research surrounding interrelated sex-based differences. Societal influences, fewer regulations, varying perceptions, and anatomic and physiological components contribute to an increased susceptibility to injury and potentially worse outcomes compared to male athletes. This chapter highlights various sex-based considerations and describes the most common shoulder injuries in female athletes.

Our article focuses on the specific orthopaedic considerations that arise during 3 important phases in a female athlete's life: pregnancy, postpartum, and menopause. These life events bring about hormonal, physiological, and biomechanical changes that can significantly impact musculoskeletal health. Understanding and managing these considerations are crucial for healthcare providers, as they play a pivotal role in promoting optimal outcomes for women. This article explores the etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies for the most common orthopaedic-related conditions, emphasizing the importance of a multifaceted approach. By providing a comprehensive overview of orthopaedic considerations during pregnancy, the postpartum period, and menopause, this article equips healthcare providers with the knowledge necessary to address the unique orthopaedic-related challenges faced by women at these stages of life.

The purpose of this chapter is to introduce pelvic floor dysfunction and treatment in female athletes. Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a composed of a variety of disorders that involve some level of impairment of the pelvic floor musculature. Pelvic floor dysfunction can affect both sports performance and quality of life in female athletes. PFD during elite performance years can increase the likelihood of PFD symptoms later in life as well. This chapter delves into the anatomy, exam, and potential treatments of PFD to be aware of. There is crucial importance in early recognition and multi-disciplinary treatment plan tailored to these specific dysfunctions and compensatory muscle behaviors, postural imbalances, and psychosocial manifestations. This chapter provides a comprehensive guide for healthcare professionals and athletes to foster a holistic approach to female athlete well-being.

Female participation in sports has steadily increased over the past several decades, and so has the prevalence of injuries in the female athletic population. However, there has not been a concomitant increase in the literature discussing the specific injury patterns more common in this population. In particular, the incidence in ankle injuries is higher in female athletes compared to their male counterparts, specifically acute ligament, syndesmotic sprains, and chronic instability. This chapter aims to describe these ankle injuries with focus on the female athlete. We offer sex-specific treatment and rehabilitation strategies with the goal of providing improved care for the female athlete who sustains ankle injury.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) is defined as a focal idiopathic alteration of subchondral bone and/or its precursor with risk for instability and disruption of adjacent articular cartilage that may result in premature osteoarthritis. A robust treatment for unstable and unsalvageable OCD lesions, as well as those failing other treatments, is autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI). In ACI procedures, a sample of healthy chondrocytes are biopsied and expanded ex vivo for subsequent insertion into the OCD lesion. When a biological matrix is used for chondrocyte seeding and placement rather than a periosteal flap or collagen membrane, the procedure is termed matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI). This chapter aims to define the algorithm for the use of ACI and MACI in the treatment of OCD, to review available products used in ACI and MACI procedures, to discuss relevant operative techniques to implement these technologies, and to describe the reports of these methods to bolster the orthopedic surgeon's armamentarium in the fight against OCD lesions.