Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a2
H. Mujtaba, K. Farooq, N. Sivakugan, B. Das
An attempt has been made to correlate relative density and relative compaction based on laboratory and field test data. In this investigation, 185 sandy soil samples were tested in the laboratory. The experimental investigations include classification tests, maximum and minimum density tests, and standard and modified Proctor and in-situ density tests. The values of the dry unit weight of these samples obtained by performing different tests fall between 14.7 kN/m(3) and 20.8 kN/m(3). Based on these results, linear and multivariate regression analyses were carried out to (a) relate relative compaction and relative density, (b) relate maximum (e(max)) and minimum void ratios (e(min)), and (c) express e(max) and e(min) in terms of median grain size (D-50) and uniformity coefficient (C-u). Experimental and predicted values varied +/- 5%, with a 95% confidence interval for the relation between relative compaction and relative density, and for other relations the variation was +/- 10%. The proposed equations were validated using a new data set which had not been used for the development of the correlations. Proposed equations were also compared with equations presented by various other researchers. Validation of the proposed equations suggests that these equations may be used for future prediction of the respective variables.
{"title":"Laboratory and field investigations in granular soils to correlate relative density, relative compaction and grain size","authors":"H. Mujtaba, K. Farooq, N. Sivakugan, B. Das","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a2","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt has been made to correlate relative density and relative compaction based on laboratory and field test data. In this investigation, 185 sandy soil samples were tested in the laboratory. The experimental investigations include classification tests, maximum and minimum density tests, and standard and modified Proctor and in-situ density tests. The values of the dry unit weight of these samples obtained by performing different tests fall between 14.7 kN/m(3) and 20.8 kN/m(3). Based on these results, linear and multivariate regression analyses were carried out to (a) relate relative compaction and relative density, (b) relate maximum (e(max)) and minimum void ratios (e(min)), and (c) express e(max) and e(min) in terms of median grain size (D-50) and uniformity coefficient (C-u). Experimental and predicted values varied +/- 5%, with a 95% confidence interval for the relation between relative compaction and relative density, and for other relations the variation was +/- 10%. The proposed equations were validated using a new data set which had not been used for the development of the correlations. Proposed equations were also compared with equations presented by various other researchers. Validation of the proposed equations suggests that these equations may be used for future prediction of the respective variables.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43312485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a4
S van der Westhuyzen, R. Walls, N. Koker
STEPHANUS (FANIE) VAN DER WESTHUYSEN is originally from the small town of Adelaide in the Eastern Cape. He graduated cum laude in 2018 from Stellenbosch University with a Bachelors degree in Civil Engineering, and is currently completing his Master’s degree at Stellenbosch. His undergraduate thesis focused on the behaviour of timber in fire, and he is now continuing this work on multi-storey timber buildings for South Africa in the university’s Construction Engineering and Management Division. His current research focuses on a construction cost comparison between an eight-storey timber-frame building and a replica concrete-frame building.
STEPHANUS VAN DER WESTHUYSEN来自东开普省的阿德莱德小镇。他于2018年以优异成绩毕业于Stellenbosch大学，获得土木工程学士学位，目前正在Stellenbosch大学完成硕士学位。他的本科论文专注于木材在火灾中的行为，他现在正在大学的建筑工程和管理部门继续这项工作，为南非设计多层木结构建筑。他目前的研究主要集中在一个八层木结构建筑和一个复制的混凝土框架建筑之间的建筑成本比较。
{"title":"Fire tests of South African cross-laminated timber wall panels: fire ratings, charring rates, and delamination","authors":"S van der Westhuyzen, R. Walls, N. Koker","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a4","url":null,"abstract":"STEPHANUS (FANIE) VAN DER WESTHUYSEN is originally from the small town of Adelaide in the Eastern Cape. He graduated cum laude in 2018 from Stellenbosch University with a Bachelors degree in Civil Engineering, and is currently completing his Master’s degree at Stellenbosch. His undergraduate thesis focused on the behaviour of timber in fire, and he is now continuing this work on multi-storey timber buildings for South Africa in the university’s Construction Engineering and Management Division. His current research focuses on a construction cost comparison between an eight-storey timber-frame building and a replica concrete-frame building.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47229773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a3
N. Fouché, J. Blignaut
{"title":"A preliminary study of the engineering properties of dorbank","authors":"N. Fouché, J. Blignaut","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"22-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41677831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a1
W. Burdzik, S. Skorpen
{"title":"Towards predicting the buckling and crushing strength of graded SA pine with high slenderness ratios","authors":"W. Burdzik, S. Skorpen","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n1a1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49461374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a5
E. Doğan, E. Korkmaz, A. Akgüngör
PROF ERSIN KORKMAZ obtained degrees in Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 2011 and in Civil Engineering in 2012, both from Erciyes University, Turkey. He has been working as Assistant Professor in the Civil Engineering Department at Kırıkkale University since 2019. He completed his MSc degree in 2016 and received his PhD in 2019, and has published many articles and papers in national and international journals. He is interested in delay analysis, signalling, optimisation techniques and the analysis of traffic accidents.
{"title":"The effect of lane blockage on signalised intersection performance -analysing and modelling","authors":"E. Doğan, E. Korkmaz, A. Akgüngör","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a5","url":null,"abstract":"PROF ERSIN KORKMAZ obtained degrees in Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 2011 and in Civil Engineering in 2012, both from Erciyes University, Turkey. He has been working as Assistant Professor in the Civil Engineering Department at Kırıkkale University since 2019. He completed his MSc degree in 2016 and received his PhD in 2019, and has published many articles and papers in national and international journals. He is interested in delay analysis, signalling, optimisation techniques and the analysis of traffic accidents.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67482690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A3
O. Gericke, J. Pietersen
This paper presents the estimation of geographically centred and probabilistically correct areal reduction factors (ARFs) from daily rainfall data to explain the unique relationship between average design point rainfall and average areal design rainfall estimates at a catchment level in the C5 secondary drainage region in South Africa as a pilot case study. The methodology adopted is based on a modified version of Bell's geographically centred approach. The sample ARF values estimated varied with catchment area, storm duration and return period, hence confirming the probabilistic nature. The derived algorithms also provided improved probabilistic ARF estimates in comparison to the geographically and storm-centred methods currently used in South Africa. At a national level, it is envisaged that the implementation and expansion of the methodology will ultimately contribute towards improved ARF estimations at a catchment level in South Africa. Consequently, the improved ARF estimations will also result in improved design flood estimations.
{"title":"Estimation of areai reduction factors using daily rainfall data and a geographically centred approach","authors":"O. Gericke, J. Pietersen","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the estimation of geographically centred and probabilistically correct areal reduction factors (ARFs) from daily rainfall data to explain the unique relationship between average design point rainfall and average areal design rainfall estimates at a catchment level in the C5 secondary drainage region in South Africa as a pilot case study. The methodology adopted is based on a modified version of Bell's geographically centred approach. The sample ARF values estimated varied with catchment area, storm duration and return period, hence confirming the probabilistic nature. The derived algorithms also provided improved probabilistic ARF estimates in comparison to the geographically and storm-centred methods currently used in South Africa. At a national level, it is envisaged that the implementation and expansion of the methodology will ultimately contribute towards improved ARF estimations at a catchment level in South Africa. Consequently, the improved ARF estimations will also result in improved design flood estimations.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67482770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A4
A. Muller, O. Gericke, J. Pietersen
This paper presents the development of a methodological approach based on the integration of free-of-charge open-source software, e.g. QGIS and EPANET, and engineering practices applicable to water distribution network design. The use of QGIS and EPANET, as well as the integration thereof with sound engineering practices and judgement, proved to be both viable and practical to enable practitioners to create a water distribution network model of an existing network in smaller developments or towns. Typically, in the latter smaller developments or towns, the professional cost associated with the additional time required when commercial licensed software is used, could be lower than the actual cost associated with the procurement of the licensed software itself. Hence, the developed process flow diagrams will not only potentially save time and money in comparison to a traditional, manual approach in EPANET, but will also provide guidance to practitioners and assist smaller municipalities in southern Africa facing challenges in terms of outdated records and budget constraints. It is envisaged that the implementation of the overall methodology will contribute to improved water infrastructure planning, design and management, especially in the southern African context where water resources are scarce and service delivery remains a pressing issue.
{"title":"Methodological approach for the compilation of a water distribution network model using QGIS and EPANET","authors":"A. Muller, O. Gericke, J. Pietersen","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A4","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the development of a methodological approach based on the integration of free-of-charge open-source software, e.g. QGIS and EPANET, and engineering practices applicable to water distribution network design. The use of QGIS and EPANET, as well as the integration thereof with sound engineering practices and judgement, proved to be both viable and practical to enable practitioners to create a water distribution network model of an existing network in smaller developments or towns. Typically, in the latter smaller developments or towns, the professional cost associated with the additional time required when commercial licensed software is used, could be lower than the actual cost associated with the procurement of the licensed software itself. Hence, the developed process flow diagrams will not only potentially save time and money in comparison to a traditional, manual approach in EPANET, but will also provide guidance to practitioners and assist smaller municipalities in southern Africa facing challenges in terms of outdated records and budget constraints. It is envisaged that the implementation of the overall methodology will contribute to improved water infrastructure planning, design and management, especially in the southern African context where water resources are scarce and service delivery remains a pressing issue.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67482781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A5
A. Mahjoob, F. Kilanehei
DR AMIR MAHJOOB, who has 16 years’ academic and research experience in the field of hydraulic structures engineering, received his PhD degree from the University of Tehran, Iran. He has been working at the Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Centre as an Assistant Professor since 2014. His research interests are in bridge hydraulics, river engineering, numerical simulation of flow and sediment, and flood hazards. Currently he directs several research projects regarding hydraulic inspection of river bridges, bridge scour and stream instability countermeasures.
AMIR MAHJOOB博士，在水工结构工程领域有16年的学术和研究经验，获得伊朗德黑兰大学博士学位。自2014年以来，他一直在道路，住房和城市发展研究中心工作，担任助理教授。主要研究方向为桥梁水力学、河流工程、水流泥沙数值模拟、洪水灾害等。目前主持了河流桥梁水力检测、桥梁冲刷、河流失稳防治等方面的研究项目。
{"title":"Effects of the skew angle and road embankment length on the hydraulic performance of bridges on compound channels","authors":"A. Mahjoob, F. Kilanehei","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/V62N4A5","url":null,"abstract":"DR AMIR MAHJOOB, who has 16 years’ academic and research experience in the field of hydraulic structures engineering, received his PhD degree from the University of Tehran, Iran. He has been working at the Road, Housing and Urban Development Research Centre as an Assistant Professor since 2014. His research interests are in bridge hydraulics, river engineering, numerical simulation of flow and sediment, and flood hazards. Currently he directs several research projects regarding hydraulic inspection of river bridges, bridge scour and stream instability countermeasures.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67482813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a4
J. Sampson
DR JOHN SAMPSON (Pr Eng, FSAAE, FSAICE) has a BSc Civil Engineering (Wits), MSc Transportation Engineering (California, Berkeley), BCom (UNISA) and a PhD (Wits). His experience includes Managing Director of TTT Africa, Partner and Director of Jeffares & Green Consulting Engineers (now JG Afrika), Professor at the University of Pretoria, Deputy City Engineer of City of Johannesburg, Chairperson of the Board of Directors of the Road Traffic Management Corporation, Director of the Road Traffic Infringement Agency, Expert on Gauteng Transport Commission and Member of the Gauteng Integrated Transport Master Plan Steering Committee.
JOHN SAMPSON博士(工程博士，FSAAE, FSAICE)拥有土木工程学士学位(Wits)，交通工程硕士学位(California, Berkeley)，交通工程学士学位(UNISA)和博士学位(Wits)。他的经历包括TTT非洲董事总经理、Jeffares & Green咨询工程师公司(现为JG Afrika)合伙人兼董事、比勒陀利亚大学教授、约翰内斯堡市副城市工程师、道路交通管理公司董事会主席、道路交通侵权机构主任、豪登省交通委员会专家和豪登省综合交通总体规划指导委员会成员。
{"title":"Warrants for roundabouts and other traffic control devices","authors":"J. Sampson","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n2a4","url":null,"abstract":"DR JOHN SAMPSON (Pr Eng, FSAAE, FSAICE) has a BSc Civil Engineering (Wits), MSc Transportation Engineering (California, Berkeley), BCom (UNISA) and a PhD (Wits). His experience includes Managing Director of TTT Africa, Partner and Director of Jeffares & Green Consulting Engineers (now JG Afrika), Professor at the University of Pretoria, Deputy City Engineer of City of Johannesburg, Chairperson of the Board of Directors of the Road Traffic Management Corporation, Director of the Road Traffic Infringement Agency, Expert on Gauteng Transport Commission and Member of the Gauteng Integrated Transport Master Plan Steering Committee.","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67483066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a4
A. Bosman, G. Basson
PROF GERRIT BASSON PrEng MSAICE is a professor in Hydraulic Engineering in the Civil Engineering Department at Stellenbosch University. He obtained a PhD from Stellenbosch University in 1996 and has more than 30 years’ experience mainly in the fields of river hydraulics, fluvial morphology and the design of large hydraulic structures. He has worked on projects in 21 countries and is an Honorary Vice-President of ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams).
{"title":"Physical model study of bedrock scour downstream of dams due to spillway plunging jets","authors":"A. Bosman, G. Basson","doi":"10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2309-8775/2020/v62n3a4","url":null,"abstract":"PROF GERRIT BASSON PrEng MSAICE is a professor in Hydraulic Engineering in the Civil Engineering Department at Stellenbosch University. He obtained a PhD from Stellenbosch University in 1996 and has more than 30 years’ experience mainly in the fields of river hydraulics, fluvial morphology and the design of large hydraulic structures. He has worked on projects in 21 countries and is an Honorary Vice-President of ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams).","PeriodicalId":54762,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the South African Institution of Civil Engineering","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67482660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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