Journal of Great Lakes Research最新文献_第3页

Response of phytoplankton communities to heavy rainfall in the river–lake system of Hulun Lake 呼伦湖江湖系统浮游植物群落对强降雨的响应

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102724

Bingtao Hu , Yuhong Liu , Yipeng Yao , Yixue Chen , Lixin Wang , Zhongsheng Wang

Hulun Lake, northern China’s largest semi-arid grassland lake, faces escalating cyanobacterial bloom risks under climate-driven hydrological extremes. This study investigated how a heavy rainfall event (30–31 July 2021) restructured phytoplankton communities across river-estuary-lake gradients, using pre- and post-rainfall sampling (28 July 2021 and 3 August 2021). Among 96 phytoplankton species (eight phyla, 20 functional groups), Cyanobacteria-dominated functional groups M (Microcystis spp.) and H1 (Anabaena circinalis and Aphanizomenon gracile) surged post-rainfall, increasing their combined biomass share from 23.79 % to 46.21 % in the estuary and 47.83 % to 76.2 % in the lake. Total biomass and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) followed lake > estuary > river gradients, with lake Chl-a rising from 30.14 to 40.58 μg L^–1 post-rainfall, indicating a heightened risk of bloom proliferation. Hydrodynamic disturbances reduced light availability, suppressing α-diversity in the lake while amplifying biomass via terrestrial nutrient influx. Spatially, post-rainfall α-diversity peaked in the estuary but declined sharply in the lake. Nutrient enrichment post-rainfall enhanced cyanobacterial competitiveness, while diversifying environmental pressures constrained competitive adaptability for non-cyanobacterial functional groups. These dynamics underscore synergistic risks of extreme rainfall and eutrophication in semi-arid lakes, where pulsed nutrient loading can override hydrodynamic stressors to fuel cyanobacterial dominance. To mitigate bloom risks, we recommend adaptive basin management prioritizing watershed nutrient control, high-frequency monitoring of hydrodynamic-nutrient interactions, and emergency measures for extreme rainfall scenarios.

呼伦湖是中国北方最大的半干旱草原湖泊，在气候驱动的极端水文条件下，它面临着不断升级的蓝藻爆发风险。本研究通过降雨前和降雨后采样（2021年7月28日和2021年8月3日），研究了强降雨事件（2021年7月30日至31日）如何重构河流-河口-湖泊梯度上的浮游植物群落。96种浮游植物（8门20个功能群）中，以蓝藻为主的功能群M（微囊藻属）和H1（环状水藻和细鳞藻属）在降雨后数量激增，其总生物量占比在河口从23.79%增加到46.21%，在湖泊从47.83%增加到76.2%。总生物量和叶绿素a （Chl-a）随湖泊、河口、河流的梯度变化，降水后湖泊Chl-a从30.14 μ L-1上升到40.58 μ L-1，表明水华扩散的风险增加。水动力干扰降低了湖泊的光利用率，抑制了α-多样性，同时通过陆源养分流入增加了生物量。从空间上看，降水后α-多样性在河口处最高，在湖泊处急剧下降。降雨后的养分富集增强了蓝藻的竞争力，而多样化的环境压力限制了非蓝藻官能团的竞争适应性。这些动态强调了极端降雨和半干旱湖泊富营养化的协同风险，在那里，脉冲养分负荷可以超越水动力压力源，为蓝藻的优势提供燃料。为了减轻水华风险，我们建议适应性流域管理优先考虑流域养分控制，高频监测水动力-养分相互作用，并采取紧急措施应对极端降雨情景。

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引用次数: 0

Critical intersections of flow: Connecting waters among the Laurentian Great Lakes 水流的关键交叉点：连接劳伦森五大湖之间的水域

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102585

Michael R. Twiss , Jeffrey J. Ridal , Rebecca C. Rooney , Gavin C. Christie , John F. Bratton , Lizhu Wang

An analysis of the state of water quality and ecosystem services in the rivers (St. Marys, St. Clair, Detroit, Niagara, St. Lawrence), fluvial lake (St. Clair), and strait (Mackinac) that connect and drain the Laurentian Great Lakes was conducted by the Great Lakes Science Advisory Board of the International Joint Commission (Canada, United States of America). Although these boundary waters are defined under the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement and are associated with lakewide management plans, they have historically received inadequate attention regarding surveillance and monitoring. As a result, the data and knowledge bases for connecting waters are far less complete than for the open water and nearshore regions of the lakes, given the intensity of threats and the ecosystem services that intersect in connecting waters. This commentary reviews and discusses the current status of monitoring infrastructure and activities in the Great Lakes connecting waters. Several specific recommendations are made to support development of integrated connecting water research and practice: the development of highly qualified personnel trained to conduct research on large moving waters; establishment of well-equipped and staffed research vessels with appropriate sampling gear; support for shore-based university and agency laboratories to focus on a mix of long-term reference stations and experimental studies; expanded use of real-time monitoring systems using evolving technologies; and increase in Indigenous community technical capacity for environmental monitoring and management to collectively improve ecological and human health knowledge and management in a more coordinated fashion.

国际联合委员会大湖科学咨询委员会（加拿大、美利坚合众国）对连接和排水劳伦森五大湖的河流（圣玛丽、圣克莱尔、底特律、尼亚加拉、圣劳伦斯）、河流湖（圣克莱尔）和海峡（麦基纳克）的水质和生态系统服务状况进行了分析。虽然这些边界水域是根据《大湖区水质协定》确定的，并与全湖管理计划有关，但在监测和监测方面，它们历来没有得到足够的重视。因此，考虑到威胁的强度和连接水域交叉的生态系统服务，连接水域的数据和知识基础远不如湖泊的开放水域和近岸地区完整。本评论审查并讨论了五大湖连接水域的监测基础设施和活动的现状。提出了几项具体建议，以支持综合连接水的研究和实践的发展：培养训练有素的高素质人员进行大型流动水域的研究；建立装备精良、人员配备齐全、配备适当采样设备的科考船；支持岸基大学和机构实验室集中注意长期参考站和实验研究的组合；利用不断发展的技术扩大实时监测系统的使用；提高土著社区环境监测和管理的技术能力，以更加协调的方式集体改进生态和人类健康知识和管理。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of land use-land cover changes on hydrology and sediment transport in Bukavu urban river catchments, Lake Kivu basin, Democratic Republic of the Congo 刚果民主共和国基伍湖流域布卡武城市河流集水区土地利用-土地覆盖变化对水文和泥沙运输的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102700

Arthur Mubwebwe Bisimwa , Mambo Hwaba , Daniel Akuzwe , Mourad Guesri , Bamba Bukengu Muhaya , Alidor Busanga Kankonda

This study investigates the impact of land use-land cover (LULC) changes on stream discharge in Bukavu’s urban river catchments: Kahuwa (KW), Wesha (WS), Tshula (TL), Bwindi (BN), and Nyamuhinga (NG). LULC is an important parameter influencing the hydrological and sedimentary load of a catchment. Soil water erosion and sediment transport, major threats to water quality, exhibit high temporal variability, making their quantification challenging. To assess hydrological and sedimentary dynamics, water and sediment discharge data were collected fortnightly from 2017 to 2019. Results show an average water discharge of 69.6 × 103 m3/d, transporting 52.1 t/d of sediment, with KW and NG catchments contributing 46.4 % of flow and 72.6 % of sediment load. Between 2017 and 2019, sediment inputs increased by 162 % (from 10.9 × 103 to 28.6 × 103 t/yr), while specific erosion rates rose by 150 % (from 1.2 × 103 to 3.0 × 103 t/km2/yr). Rainfall indices indicated alternating wet and dry periods, with peak flow coefficients in 2018 and maximum rainfall in 2019. Rapid urban growth and deforestation altered LULC, reducing infiltration and intensifying erosion and sediment transport. The erosivity index ranged from high to very high (140–174), confirming strong erosion susceptibility. Findings clearly show that urbanization, deforestation, and rainfall variability substantially amplify soil erosion and sediment yield. These results emphasize the urgent need for integrated watershed management, including reforestation, improved drainage, and erosion control measures, to protect Bukavu’s geomorphology and the ecological balance of Lake Kivu. The study provides valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and decision-makers involved in urban hydrology and sediment management.

本文研究了布卡武城市河流集水区卡胡瓦（KW）、韦沙（WS）、Tshula （TL）、Bwindi （BN）和Nyamuhinga （NG）的土地利用/土地覆盖（LULC）变化对河流流量的影响。土地利用效率是影响流域水文负荷和沉积负荷的重要参数。土壤水分侵蚀和泥沙运移是水质的主要威胁，表现出高度的时间变异性，使其量化具有挑战性。为了评估水文和沉积动力学，从2017年到2019年每两周收集一次水和沉积物排放数据。结果表明：流域平均排水量为69.6 × 103 m3/d，输沙量为52.1 t/d，其中KW和NG流域占流量的46.4%，输沙量的72.6%。在2017年至2019年期间，泥沙输入增加了162%（从10.9 × 103增加到28.6 × 103 t/年），而比侵蚀率增加了150%（从1.2 × 103增加到3.0 × 103 t/km2/年）。降雨指标表现为干湿交替，流量系数在2018年达到峰值，降雨量在2019年达到最大值。快速的城市增长和森林砍伐改变了土地利用储量，减少了入渗，加剧了侵蚀和泥沙运输。侵蚀指数从高到非常高（140-174），证实了较强的侵蚀敏感性。研究结果清楚地表明，城市化、森林砍伐和降雨变率极大地放大了土壤侵蚀和产沙量。这些结果强调，迫切需要进行综合流域管理，包括重新造林，改善排水和侵蚀控制措施，以保护布卡武的地貌和基伍湖的生态平衡。该研究为研究人员、工程师和参与城市水文和沉积物管理的决策者提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Remote sensing and avian botulism: Observations based on Mixture Density Network (MDN) algorithm in the southeastern Caspian Sea 遥感与家禽肉毒杆菌中毒：基于混合密度网络（MDN）算法的里海东南部观测

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102697

Bonyad Ahmadi , Mehdi Gholamalifard , Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri , Andrey Kostianoy

Avian botulism, a recurrent neurotoxic disease caused by Clostridium botulinum, poses severe threats to waterbird populations and the ecological integrity of aquatic systems worldwide. Despite its recurring impacts, mechanistic understanding of outbreak triggers remains limited, particularly regarding synergistic effects of hydroclimatic variability and water quality dynamics. This study integrates multi-temporal satellite observations and targeted field surveys to elucidate spatiotemporal coupling between optical water constituents, thermal regimes, and avian botulism mortality events in Miankaleh Peninsula and Gorgan Bay, the Caspian Sea, Iran, during 2020–2021. Monthly Landsat-8 OLI and Sentinel-2 MSI data (2018–2024) were analyzed alongside in-situ measurements of physical, chemical, and biological parameters collected via a Conductivity–Temperature–Depth (CTD) profiler in 2022. A Mixture Density Network (MDN) retrieved chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM), while land surface temperature (LST) models reconstructed historical and outbreak-period thermal conditions. Performance evaluation showed median relative errors of ∼ 14 % for Chl-a and ∼ 3 % for CDOM, confirming limited bias, strong generalization, and stable predictive accuracy across train, test, and out-of-bag (OOB) datasets. Temporal analysis revealed Chl-a anomalies exhibited 2–3 month lagged correlations with 2020 mortality events, whereas CDOM peaks coincided with the 2020 outbreak but were absent in 2021. Both outbreak years showed statistically significant regional warming relative to baseline periods, suggesting synergistic amplification of C. botulinum proliferation via elevated temperatures and altered optical water properties. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of coupling satellite-derived thermal and bio-optical indicators to identify predisposing environmental conditions for avian botulism. The proposed framework provides scalable, remote sensing-based early warning for outbreak risk mitigation in coastal ecosystems.

禽肉毒杆菌中毒是一种由肉毒梭菌引起的复发性神经毒性疾病，对水鸟种群和全球水生系统的生态完整性构成严重威胁。尽管其影响反复出现，但对暴发诱因的机制理解仍然有限，特别是关于水文气候变异和水质动态的协同效应。本研究整合了多时段卫星观测和有针对性的实地调查，以阐明2020-2021年伊朗里海Miankaleh半岛和Gorgan湾的光学水成分、热状态和鸟类肉毒杆菌中毒死亡事件之间的时空耦合。每月Landsat-8 OLI和Sentinel-2 MSI数据（2018-2024）进行分析，并在2022年通过电导率-温度-深度（CTD）剖面仪收集物理，化学和生物参数的原位测量。混合密度网络（MDN）反演了叶绿素- A （Chl-a）和彩色溶解有机质（CDOM），而地表温度（LST）模型重建了历史和爆发时期的热条件。性能评估显示，Chl-a的中位相对误差为~ 14%，CDOM的中位相对误差为~ 3%，证实了在训练、测试和袋外（OOB）数据集上的有限偏倚、强泛化和稳定的预测精度。时间分析显示，Chl-a异常与2020年死亡率事件表现出2-3个月的滞后相关性，而CDOM峰值与2020年疫情同时出现，但在2021年没有出现。与基线期相比，这两个爆发年份都显示出统计上显著的区域变暖，这表明通过高温和改变水的光学性质，肉毒杆菌的增殖得到了协同放大。这些发现证明了耦合卫星衍生的热和生物光学指标来识别禽类肉毒杆菌中毒的易感环境条件的有效性。拟议的框架为减轻沿海生态系统的疫情风险提供可扩展的、基于遥感的早期预警。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of diet-derived thiaminase on survival, growth, and liver transketolase activity in two strains of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) 饲料来源硫胺酶对两株湖鳟生存、生长和肝脏转酮醇酶活性的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102689

Christian A. Therrien , Peter M. Baker , Shawn R. Garner , Patricia C. Wolfe , Sarah Matesic , Katie A. Edwards , Chris C. Wilson , Heidi K. Swanson , Bryan D. Neff

The consumption of invasive, high-thiaminase prey fishes can cause thiamine deficiency, which has been hypothesized to be a major barrier for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) restoration in the Laurentian Great Lakes. Here, we compared the effects of diet-derived thiaminase on survival and performance-related traits between two strains of lake trout that differ in historical exposure to thiaminase. Juvenile lake trout from the Seneca Lake (higher historical exposure to thiaminase) and Slate Islands (lower historical exposure) strains were reared in a common garden environment and received either an experimental diet containing bacterial derived-thiaminase or a control diet. Six months after the initiation of the experimental diets, survival, liver transketolase activity, growth, and food conversion efficiency were compared between strains and treatments. Unexpectedly, both diets resulted in liver transketolase latency values that were consistent with thiamine deficiency, and this was true for both strains. The thiaminase diet had larger negative effects on growth, food conversion efficiency, and survival compared to the control diet, and, except for survival, these effects did not differ between the two strains. Fish from the Seneca Lake strain had lower survival when fed the thiaminase diet than when fed the control diet; no difference in survival was found between diets fed to the Slate Islands fish, which was unexpected given their lower historical exposure to thiaminase. Our results confirm the negative effects of thiaminase in lake trout and identify potential strategies that could mitigate effects via strain selection.

食用入侵的、高硫胺素酶的猎物鱼类会导致硫胺素缺乏，这被认为是劳伦森五大湖湖鳟鱼（Salvelinus namaycush）恢复的主要障碍。在这里，我们比较了饮食来源的硫胺酶对两种不同历史暴露于硫胺酶的湖鳟鱼的生存和性能相关性状的影响。在一个普通的花园环境中饲养来自塞内卡湖（较高的历史硫胺酶暴露量）和石板岛（较低的历史暴露量）的湖鳟鱼幼鱼，并给予含有细菌衍生硫胺酶的实验饲料或对照饲料。在试验饲粮开始6个月后，比较不同菌株和处理的存活率、肝脏转酮醇酶活性、生长和食物转化效率。出乎意料的是，两种饮食都导致肝脏转酮醇酶潜伏期值与硫胺素缺乏症一致，这两种菌株都是如此。与对照日粮相比，硫胺酶日粮对生长、食物转化效率和成活率的负面影响更大，除成活率外，这些影响在两种菌株之间没有差异。塞内卡湖品系鱼在喂食硫胺酶饲料时的存活率低于喂食对照饲料时的存活率；石板岛鱼的存活率没有差异，这是出乎意料的，因为它们的硫胺酶历史暴露较低。我们的研究结果证实了硫胺酶对湖鳟鱼的负面影响，并确定了通过菌株选择减轻影响的潜在策略。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a collaborative long-term fish community assessment in the St. Clair-Detroit River System 在圣克莱尔-底特律河水系开展长期鱼类群落合作评估

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2024.102500

Andrew S. Briggs , Michael Thorn , Kristen Towne , Megan Belore , Andy Cook , Cleyo Harris , Jan-Michael Hessenauer , Emily Slavik , Sara Thomas , Todd Wills , Greg Wright

Fish community assessments in large systems such as the Laurentian Great Lakes and their connecting channels are difficult to conduct due to their size, complex habitats, need for specialized sampling gear, and often harsh conditions. However, these assessments are necessary to document population trends and support sustainable management. Given the challenges of conducting fish community surveys in these systems and their interjurisdictional management, collaborative assessments are often necessary to obtain the data needed to manage shared resources. In the St. Clair-Detroit River System, the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) collaborated on designing and implementing a long-term coordinated fish community assessment that met data needs for management of fisheries while contributing to surveillance efforts of the USFWS non-native species early detection and monitoring program. The assessment consists of several surveys that are conducted on a rotational basis, including a small-mesh fyke net survey, gill net survey, and nearshore electrofishing survey on Lake St. Clair along with multi-gear (bottom trawls, electrofishing, and gill nets) surveys on the Detroit River and St. Clair River. The coordinated assessment began in 2021 and has benefited each agency, allowing for increased spatial coverage, sampling effort, and return on investment (i.e., more data collected for the time and money spent by each agency). Over the long term, this assessment can be used to evaluate changes in the fish community and impacts of future environmental issues, and provide opportunities for future research and collaboration.

由于其规模、复杂的栖息地、需要专门的采样设备以及通常恶劣的条件，在诸如劳伦森五大湖及其连接渠道等大型系统中进行鱼类群落评估是困难的。然而，这些评估对于记录人口趋势和支持可持续管理是必要的。鉴于在这些系统中进行鱼类群落调查及其管辖间管理的挑战，通常需要进行协作评估，以获得管理共享资源所需的数据。在圣克莱尔-底特律河水系，密歇根州自然资源部、安大略省自然资源部和美国鱼类和野生动物管理局（USFWS）合作设计并实施了一项长期协调的鱼类群落评估，以满足渔业管理的数据需求，同时为USFWS的非本地物种早期发现和监测项目的监测工作做出贡献。评估包括几项轮流进行的调查，包括在St. Clair湖上进行的小孔网调查、刺网调查和近岸电钓调查，以及在底特律河和St. Clair河上进行的多齿轮（底拖网、电钓和刺网）调查。协调评估始于2021年，并使每个机构受益，从而增加了空间覆盖率、抽样工作和投资回报（即，每个机构花费的时间和金钱收集了更多的数据）。从长远来看，这项评估可用于评估鱼类群落的变化和未来环境问题的影响，并为未来的研究和合作提供机会。

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引用次数: 0

Global challenges reflected in community priorities for Kaniatarowanenneh (the Upper St. Lawrence River) Kaniatarowanenneh（上圣劳伦斯河）社区优先事项反映的全球挑战

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102616

Erin D. Smith , Mary Ann Perron , Fan Qin , Mackenzie Wylie-Arbic , Abraham Francis , Stephany Hildebrand , Maegan Mitchell , Elsie Lewison , Amanda Nurse , Leigh J. McGaughey

The engagement of communities in monitoring and assessment research is crucial for developing effective remediation and restoration plans. However, integrating community perspectives in such projects is still not common practice. In the current research, we present a survey study in Kaniatarowanenneh (the Upper St. Lawrence River), carried out to capture the concerns of communities along the river to shape the research priorities of a planned ecosystem health report, the Great River Rapport. The survey was deployed in October 2018 and closed in March 2021, with engagement encouraged through 31 events, both in-person and online. We received 440 unique survey responses spread across the five distinct sections in Kaniatarowanenneh (Thousand Islands, Brockville Narrows, Lake St. Lawrence, Akwesasne-Cornwall-Massena, and Lake St. Francis). Survey results showed that the most popular recreational activities in Kaniatarowanenneh were sightseeing/relaxing by the river, followed closely by swimming and boating/watersports. With significant variation between river sections, the greatest priorities for the river based on community survey responses were pollution, followed by plants and wildlife, water clarity and quality, and habitat loss and degradation. Overall, we found that community members were well-informed on environmental issues, and their concerns reflect the global threats to nature on a local scale. This work provides an example of community engagement at the outset of an environmental research project, with the goal of greater success in resultant restoration, remediation, and revitalization projects.

社区参与监测和评估研究对于制定有效的补救和恢复计划至关重要。然而，在这类项目中整合社区观点仍然不是常见的做法。在目前的研究中，我们在Kaniatarowanenneh（上圣劳伦斯河）进行了一项调查研究，旨在捕捉沿河社区的关注，以形成计划中的生态系统健康报告“大河关系”的研究重点。该调查于2018年10月展开，并于2021年3月结束，通过31项面对面和在线活动鼓励参与。我们在Kaniatarowanenneh的五个不同区域（千岛、布罗克维尔海峡、圣劳伦斯湖、阿克韦萨内-康沃尔-马塞纳湖和圣弗朗西斯湖）收到了440份独特的调查回复。调查结果显示，在Kaniatarowanenneh最受欢迎的娱乐活动是在河边观光/放松，其次是游泳和划船/水上运动。在不同河段之间存在显著差异的情况下，根据社区调查的反应，河流最优先考虑的是污染，其次是植物和野生动物，水的清晰度和质量，以及栖息地的丧失和退化。总体而言，我们发现社区成员对环境问题非常了解，他们的关注反映了当地范围内对自然的全球威胁。这项工作提供了一个环境研究项目开始时社区参与的例子，其目标是在最终的恢复、补救和振兴项目中取得更大的成功。

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引用次数: 0

Microbes control the light-dependent production and dark decay of hydrogen peroxide in eutrophic surface waters 微生物控制富营养化地表水中过氧化氢的光依赖性生产和暗衰变

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102667

Derek J. Smith , George W. Kling , Gregory J. Dick , Rose M. Cory

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is hypothesized to be related to Microcystis bloom dynamics. To test this hypothesis, absolute H₂O₂ production rates and H₂O₂ decay rate constants were quantified from waters collected from the western basin of Lake Erie during the summer and fall of 2017–2019 and summer 2021 where harmful blooms are common and vary in duration, magnitude, and intensity. To quantify the range of and controls on microbial H₂O₂ production and decay, incubations of water samples were designed to minimize or maximize microbial production and decay of H₂O₂ (light-exposed and dark whole waters) alongside controls (light-exposed and dark 0.2 μm and 105 μm-filtered water). Microbial production of H₂O₂ was predominantly dependent on visible light. Microbial production rates of H₂O₂ were significantly, positively correlated with chlorophyll a and rates of whole-water respiration and primary production. Removing large colony-forming Microcystis cells and their physically attached bacteria with a 105-µm filter showed that visible light-dependent production of H₂O₂ was due to free-living organisms such as phototrophic or heterotrophic microbes. Decay constants for H₂O₂ were highest in waters containing high bloom biomass, and were significantly, positively correlated with whole-water respiration rates and with a proxy for labile dissolved organic nitrogen. Bacterial community composition predicted H₂O₂ production and decay by random forest regression and by principal coordinate analysis. Results predict high microbial production and decay of H₂O₂ during Microcystis blooms, with neither production nor decay due directly to large colony-forming Microcystis cells and their physically attached bacteria.

过氧化氢（H2O2）被假设与微囊藻华动力学有关。为了验证这一假设，研究人员对2017-2019年夏秋和2021年夏季从伊利湖西部盆地收集的水进行了绝对H2O2生成速率和H2O2衰减速率常数的量化，这两个季节有害水华很常见，且持续时间、幅度和强度各不相同。为了量化微生物H2O2产生和衰变的范围和控制，设计了水样的孵育，以减少或最大化微生物产生和H2O2的衰变（光暴露和黑暗的全水）以及对照组（光暴露和黑暗的0.2 μm和105 μm过滤水）。微生物生产H2O2主要依赖于可见光。微生物生产H2O2的速率与叶绿素a、全水呼吸速率和初级生产速率呈显著正相关。用105µm滤光片去除形成大集落的微囊藻细胞及其物理附着的细菌，表明H2O2的可见光依赖性生产是由光养或异养微生物等自由生物产生的。在水华生物量高的水体中，H2O2的衰变常数最高，并且与全水呼吸速率和可溶性有机氮的代用物呈显著正相关。细菌群落组成通过随机森林回归和主坐标分析预测H2O2的产生和衰变。结果表明，在微囊藻华期间，微生物会产生大量的H2O2并产生大量的H2O2衰变，而大集落形成的微囊藻细胞及其物理附着的细菌既不会产生H2O2，也不会产生H2O2。

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引用次数: 0

Swimming endurance tests for fish passage design for emerald shiners (Notropis atherinoides) in the upper Niagara River (NY, USA) 美国纽约州尼亚加拉河上游祖母绿鱼（Notropis atherinoides）鱼道设计的游泳耐力试验

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102660

Kendra Vorenkamp , Joseph Atkinson , Sean Bennett , Alicia Pérez-Fuentetaja , Andrew Hannes , Bryan Hinterberger , Sarah Delavan

Laboratory experiments were conducted to test the swimming capabilities of emerald shiner (ES, Notropis atherinoides), a minnow that serves as an important keystone species in many parts of the United States. The study was designed to provide a recommended target velocity for design of a fish passage structure along a seawall in the upper Niagara River (UNR) near Buffalo, NY, that would allow ES to swim upstream, thus reconnecting ES populations in the UNR and Lake Erie. Flow velocities along the wall can exceed 100 cm/s, much higher than previously reported capabilities of ES that are around 40–60 cm/s. The goal of the study was to determine the typical swimming speed these fish could maintain for a sufficient period to allow them to traverse the seawall. This information was then used to guide the design of amendments to the seawall that could produce the required reduction in water speed. The experiments were based on fatigue tests in a laboratory flume and results were confirmed using survival analysis. Nearly 200 fish were tested, and averaging over a variety of conditions (including fish length, weight, and age, water temperature, and time and location of fish collection), it was determined that at least 50 % of the fish population in the UNR could maintain a sustained swimming speed of at least 40 cm/s. This study expands our knowledge of ES swimming capability and provides a sound basis for design of the fish passage structure.

研究人员进行了实验室实验，以测试翡翠闪光鱼（ES, Notropis atherinoides）的游泳能力，这是一种鲦鱼，在美国许多地区都是重要的基石物种。该研究旨在为沿着纽约州布法罗附近的尼亚加拉河上游（UNR）的海堤设计鱼类通道结构提供一个推荐的目标速度，这将允许ES向上游游去，从而重新连接UNR和伊利湖的ES种群。沿着壁面的流速可以超过100厘米/秒，远远高于之前报道的40-60厘米/秒的ES能力。这项研究的目的是确定这些鱼在足够长的时间内可以保持的典型游泳速度，以使它们能够穿越海堤。然后，这些信息被用于指导海堤的修正设计，以产生所需的水速降低。实验基于实验室水槽的疲劳试验，并使用生存分析证实了结果。对近200条鱼进行了测试，并对各种条件（包括鱼的长度、体重、年龄、水温、收集鱼的时间和地点）进行了平均计算，结果确定，UNR中至少有50%的鱼类种群可以保持至少40厘米/秒的持续游泳速度。本研究扩大了我们对ES游泳能力的认识，为鱼道结构的设计提供了良好的依据。

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引用次数: 0

Day versus night relations between larval lake whitefish, cisco, and zooplankton onshore in Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Superior 在密歇根湖、休伦湖和苏必利尔湖，幼虫湖白鱼、cisco和岸上浮游动物之间的昼夜关系

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Great Lakes Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jglr.2025.102668

Simon D.D. Freeman , Jason B. Smith , Amanda S. Ackiss , Katie V. Anweiler , Halle N. Freeman , Christopher R. Hessell , Jory Jonas , Chad J. LaFaver , Erik J. Olsen , Jonathan P. Doubek

Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) populations in the upper Great Lakes have undergone declines in the past two decades, particularly in Lakes Michigan and Huron. However, cisco (Coregonus artedi) are recovering in parts of the Great Lakes. Population declines are hypothesized to be due, in part, to reduced zooplankton prey in areas that serve as critical habitat for larval coregonines. Larval lake whitefish, cisco, and zooplankton are commonly sampled only during daylight hours. Habitat use, community composition, catch rates, and abundance estimates of larval fish and zooplankton can change drastically at night versus day, necessitating diel comparisons for a more comprehensive understanding of the early life history of coregonines and their prey. We collected paired day and night onshore (≤ 1 m depth) zooplankton and larval coregonine samples from Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Superior in March–June 2021 to test if there were diel differences in lake whitefish and cisco abundance and zooplankton density and biomass. We also tested if relationships exist between larval coregonine abundance and zooplankton density and biomass and environmental variables (water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration, pH, specific conductivity, substrate type). We observed consistently higher zooplankton density and biomass and larval lake whitefish and cisco abundance at night. Larval coregonine abundance was positively related to higher zooplankton population estimates but was not related to the environmental variables measured. Our results provide insight into sampling practices for larval lake whitefish, cisco, and zooplankton onshore in the Great Lakes to better understand factors influencing larval lake whitefish and cisco recruitment.

大湖上游的湖白鱼（Coregonus clupeaformis）种群在过去二十年中经历了下降，特别是在密歇根湖和休伦湖。然而，在五大湖的部分地区，思科（Coregonus artedi）正在恢复。据推测，种群数量下降的部分原因是，作为幼虫栖息地的浮游动物猎物减少。湖白鱼、cisco和浮游动物的幼虫通常只在白天取样。栖息地利用、群落组成、渔获率以及幼鱼和浮游动物的丰度估计在夜间与白天会发生巨大变化，因此需要进行昼夜比较，以便更全面地了解coregonines及其猎物的早期生活史。我们于2021年3月至6月在密歇根湖、休伦湖和苏必利尔湖日夜采集岸上（≤1米深）浮游动物和幼虫coregine样本，以测试湖泊白鱼和cisco丰度、浮游动物密度和生物量是否存在差异。我们还测试了幼虫coregonine丰度与浮游动物密度、生物量和环境变量（水温、溶解氧浓度、pH值、比电导率、底物类型）之间是否存在关系。我们观察到浮游动物密度和生物量在夜间持续增加，湖白鱼和cisco的幼虫数量也在夜间增加。幼虫coregine丰度与较高的浮游动物种群估计值呈正相关，但与测量的环境变量无关。我们的研究结果为五大湖湖泊白鱼幼鱼、cisco和浮游动物的采样实践提供了见解，以更好地了解影响湖泊白鱼幼鱼和cisco招募的因素。

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引用次数: 0