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Benthic Foraminiferal Assemblages from the Laurentian Channel in the Lower Estuary and Gulf of ST. Lawrence, Eastern Canada: Tracers of Bottom-Water Hypoxia 加拿大东部劳伦斯湾和下河口劳伦斯海峡的底栖有孔虫组合:底层水缺氧的痕迹
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.53.1.57
T. Audet, A. de Vernal, A. Mucci, M. Seidenkrantz, C. Hillaire‐Marcel, Vladislav Carnero-Bravo, Y. Gélinas
Over the past century, an increase in temperatures and a decrease in dissolved oxygen concentrations have been observed in the bottom waters of the Laurentian Channel (LC), throughout the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary (LSLE) and the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL), eastern Canada. To document the impact of these changes, we analyzed the benthic foraminiferal assemblages and geochemical signatures of four sediment cores taken in the LC. Radiometric measurements (210Pb, 226Ra, 137Cs) indicate that the studied cores encompass the last 50 years of sedimentation in the LSLE and the last ∼160 years in the GSL. The sedimentary record shows a 60 to 65% decrease in benthic foraminiferal taxonomic diversity in the LC since the 1960s. An accelerated change in the foraminiferal assemblages is observed at approximately the same time at all studied sites, around the late 1990s and the early 2000s, towards populations dominated by the hypoxia-tolerant indicator taxa Brizalina subaenariensis, Eubuliminella exilis, and Globobulimina auriculata. This evolution of assemblages reflects incursions of the hypoxic zone into the western GSL over the last decades. The results of our multivariate analyses highlight the potential of benthic foraminiferal assemblages as a proxy of bottom-water hypoxia.
在过去的一个世纪里,在劳伦斯海峡(LC)的底层水域,整个下圣劳伦斯河口(LSLE)和加拿大东部的圣劳伦斯湾(GSL),都观察到了温度的升高和溶解氧浓度的降低。为了记录这些变化的影响,我们分析了LC中采集的四个沉积物岩芯的底栖有孔虫组合和地球化学特征。辐射测量(210Pb、226Ra、137Cs)表明,所研究的岩芯涵盖了LSLE最后50年的沉积和GSL最后~160年的沉积。沉积记录显示,自20世纪60年代以来,LC的底栖有孔虫分类多样性减少了60%至65%。大约在20世纪90年代末和21世纪初,在所有研究地点,几乎同时观察到有孔虫组合向耐缺氧指示类群Brizalina subaenariensis、Eubuliminella exilis和Globobulimina aurculata主导的种群加速变化。这种组合的演变反映了过去几十年来缺氧带对西部GSL的入侵。我们的多元分析结果突出了海底有孔虫组合作为底层水缺氧指标的潜力。
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引用次数: 1
2022 Joseph A. Cushman Award: Professor Rajiv Nigam, National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Goa, India 2022年约瑟夫·A·库什曼奖:印度果阿国家海洋研究所Rajiv Nigam教授
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.53.1.90
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引用次数: 0
Stable Isotopic Variability in Individual Benthic Foraminifera from the Continental Shelf of Tropical Brazil 热带巴西大陆架底栖有孔虫个体的稳定同位素变异性
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.212
K. Billups, P. Eichler, C. Ravelo, Luzia Liniane do Nascimento, H. Vital, M. Gomes
We analyzed nine benthic foraminiferal species from the Açu Reef belonging to the orders Rotaliida and Miliolida, symbiont-bearing (Rotaliida: Amphistegina gibbosa, Heterostegina depressa; Miliolida: Peneroplis carinatus, Archaias angulatus, Amphisorus hemprichii, and Archaias compressus) and symbiont-barren (Rotaliida: Buccella peruviana, Pseudononion atlanticum; Miliolida: Quinqueloculina lamarckiana). Stable isotopes measured on individual tests display a large intraspecific variability (δ18O: ∼1–1.5‰; δ13C: ∼2–3.5‰) that is not associated with site location, sampling season, or water depth. Positive correlation between δ13C and δ18O values is significant in three of the species (A. gibbosa, B. peruviana, and Q. lamarckiana), with a regression slope similar to other marine calcifiers (∼2‰ δ13C/‰ δ18O), perhaps related to the carbonate chemistry of the calcifying fluid. With the exception of A. gibbosa, offsets from δ18O equilibrium, when distinct, tend to be positive. Offsets from δ13C of ΣCO2 of sea water are negative for two of the rotaliids (A. gibbosa and H. depressa) and positive for three of the miliolids (P. carinatus, A. angulatus, A. hemprichii), with non-symbiont-bearing species of both orders being close to the sea water values (∼ 1.3–2‰). These δ13C differences are consistent with calcification pathways of rotaliids versus miliolids, with the former drawing carbon from an internal pool and the latter from ambient seawater. Our study contributes a large data set that illustrates the importance of vital and abiotic effects on the stable isotopic composition of large benthic foraminifera in a tropical continental shelf, limiting their applicability as paleoenvironmental tracers.
我们分析了来自阿苏礁的9种底栖有孔虫,它们属于Rotaliida目和Milolida目,有共生体(轮虫目:长臂两栖纲、凹陷异足纲;Miliolida:隆脊小蠊、角足大蠊、宽脊两栖纲和压缩大蠊)和无共生体(轮虫目:秘鲁小蠊属、大西洋拟诺龙属;Milioida:拉马克基金眼虫)。在单独测试中测量的稳定同位素显示出较大的种内变异性(δ18O:~1–1.5‰;δ13C:~2–3.5‰),与现场位置、采样季节或水深无关。δ13C和δ18O值之间的正相关关系在其中三个物种(A.gibbosa、B.peruviana和Q.lamarckiana)中是显著的,其回归斜率与其他海洋钙化物相似(~2‰δ13C/‰δ18O),可能与钙化液的碳酸盐化学有关。除了长臂猿外,当δ18O平衡的偏移不同时,往往是正的。海水∑CO2的δ13C偏移量对两种轮状体(A.gibbosa和H.depression)为负,对三种粟粒内酯(P.carinatus、A.angulatus、A.hemprichii)为正,两个目的非共生体物种都接近海水值(~1.3–2‰)。这些δ13C差异与轮状体与粟粒内酯的钙化途径一致,前者从内部池中抽取碳,而后者从环境海水中抽取碳。我们的研究提供了大量数据集,说明了重要和非生物影响对热带大陆架大型底栖有孔虫稳定同位素组成的重要性,限制了它们作为古环境示踪剂的适用性。
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引用次数: 1
Distribution and Diversity of Benthic Foraminifera in the Coastal Area of Al-Bawadi Island, Southern Red Sea 南红海Al-Bawadi岛沿岸底栖有孔虫的分布和多样性
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.264
Ahmed Badreldin, Mohamed Mohamed Abdu Makbool, Mohamed Abdu ElSabrouti, Pamela M. Hallock
The coastal areas of the southern Red Sea islands are non-urbanized, relatively pristine environments and are located on the main migration pathway of Indo-Pacific foraminiferal species to the northern Red Sea and to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal. Studying the foraminiferal composition, structure, and distribution in the Red Sea is essential to understanding how Indo-Pacific species can migrate to and survive in the Mediterranean Sea. Al-Bawadi, an uninhabited island located in the southern Red Sea, is an ideal location for such study. The coastal waters are oligotrophic, hypersaline, and very warm, overlying carbonate-rich, sandy-bottom and coral-reef substrata. In 25 sediment samples collected from water depths <6 m, 79 foraminiferal species were recorded. Rotaliids dominated the assemblages, followed by miliolids; agglutinated foraminifers were scarce, and planktic species were not found. The larger-benthic, symbiont-bearing Neorotalia calcar dominated except in very shallow water, where smaller, free-living miliolid species dominated. The FoRAM Index (FI) was calculated for all samples; the symbiont-bearing group included seven genera comprising more than half of the total assemblage such that the FI>4 for most samples from depths >3 m, indicating that water quality is suitable for coral-reef growth and recovery. Diversity indices reflected prevailing normal marine to hypersaline conditions. Depth, presence of coral reefs, and hydrodynamics are the main factors controlling the spatial distribution of the foraminiferal assemblages. Occurrences of aberrant tests in the tidal flat area could be related to naturally occurring stresses, such as rapid changes in temperature and salinity, or to breakage and repair. Monitoring studies of unthreatened environments are essential to understand reef-related assemblages and to predict the migration pathways of thermo-tolerant and thermo-sensitive foraminiferal species.
红海南部岛屿的沿海地区是非城市化的,相对原始的环境,位于印度-太平洋有孔虫物种通过苏伊士运河向红海北部和地中海迁移的主要途径上。研究红海有孔虫的组成、结构和分布对于了解印度洋-太平洋物种如何迁移到地中海并在地中海生存至关重要。位于红海南部的无人岛Al-Bawadi是进行此类研究的理想地点。沿海水域是低营养、高盐和非常温暖的,覆盖着富含碳酸盐的砂底和珊瑚礁基底。在25个沉积物样本中,深度4的样本大部分来自bbb30 m,表明水质适合珊瑚礁的生长和恢复。多样性指数反映了当时的正常海洋到高盐环境。深度、珊瑚礁的存在和水动力是控制有孔虫组合空间分布的主要因素。在潮滩地区出现异常试验可能与自然发生的应力有关,例如温度和盐度的迅速变化,或者与破损和修复有关。对未受威胁环境的监测研究对于了解与珊瑚礁相关的组合以及预测耐热和热敏有孔虫物种的迁移途径至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
ObituaryMarcelle K. Boudagher-Fadel, B.Sc., M.Sc., Ph.D. 1956-2022 讣告Marcele K.Boudagher Fadel,理学学士,硕士,博士,1956-2022
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.197
G. D. Price
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引用次数: 0
Reply to Comment on “Larger Benthic Foraminifera and Microfacies of Late Paleocene - Early Eocene Sections in Meghalaya, Northeast India” by Hadi, M. (2022) Hadi,M.对“印度东北部Meghalaya古新世晚期-始新世早期剖面的大型底栖有孔虫和微相”的评论回复(2022)
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.210
Christer Dominique Pereira, S. Khanolkar, Santanu Banerjee, E. Özcan, P. Saraswati
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引用次数: 0
Index to Volume 52, 2022 索引到第52卷,2022年
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.310
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative Biostratigraphic Analysis and Age Estimates of Middle Cretaceous Sequences in The Baltimore Canyon Trough, Offshore Mid-Atlantic U.S. Margin 美国大西洋中缘巴尔的摩峡谷海槽中白垩世层序的定量生物地层分析和年龄估计
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.229
L. Jordan, J. Browning, Kenneth G. Miller, W. Schmelz
We applied quantitative methods to previously published biostratigraphic data from the Baltimore Canyon Trough (offshore of the Mid-Atlantic U.S.A.) to provide an improved chronostratigraphic framework for Cretaceous sequences. Here, we successfully used graphic correlation of 228 planktonic foraminifera, nannofossil, and palynological events spanning 22 wells to define assemblage and interval zones as well as major paleoenvironmental changes in the Dawson Canyon, Logan Canyon (three sequences), and Missisauga Formations (two sequences, undifferentiated here). Ranking and scaling techniques were not successful because of the of the limited number of usable biostratigraphic markers. The ages of the sequences previously identified using well logs and seismic profiles were temporally constrained based on chronostratigraphically significant biostratigraphic markers that we identified: the late Cenomanian to Turonian DCx sequence (Rotalipora cushmani and Thalmanninella greenhornensis); the early Cenomanian LC1 sequence; the middle and late Albian LC2 sequence (Braarudosphaera africana, Planomalina buxtorfi, and Spinidinium vestitum); the late Aptian LC3 sequence (Cyclonephelium tabulatum); and the early Aptian to Barremian Missisauga sequences (Aptea anaphrissa, Pseudoceratium pelliferum, and Muderongia simplex). These five biostratigraphic associations are correlated with six prominent seismic reflectors and sequence boundaries that can be traced across the basin. Duration of hiatuses associated with these sequence boundaries are uncertain, though our Monte Carlo analysis allows extraction of age estimates from broad and sometimes contradictory ranges and suggests correlation of hiatuses with global sea-level falls. Together, these seismic and biostratigraphic interpretations can be applied (1) to evaluate reservoir continuity and the viability of offshore carbon storage reservoirs in the Baltimore Canyon Trough, (2) to better define the tectonostratigraphic evolution of the basin, and (3) to contribute to the understanding of regional and global variations in Cretaceous sea level.
我们将定量方法应用于之前发表的巴尔的摩峡谷海槽(美国大西洋中部近海)的生物地层数据,为白垩纪序列提供改进的年代地层格架。在这里,我们成功地使用了跨越22口井的228个浮游有孔虫、超微化石和孢粉事件的图形对比,来定义道森峡谷、洛根峡谷(三个序列)和米绍加组(两个序列,此处未区分)的组合和间隔带,以及主要的古环境变化。由于可用的生物地层学标记数量有限,排序和缩放技术并不成功。先前使用测井和地震剖面确定的序列的年龄在时间上受到限制,这是基于我们确定的具有年代意义的生物地层标记:晚期Cenomanian至Turonian DCx序列(Rotalipora cushmani和Thalmannella greenhornensis);早期Cenomanian LC1序列;阿尔比阶中晚期LC2序列(Braarudosphaera africana、Planomalina buxtorfi和Spinidinium vestitum);晚阿普特阶LC3序列(表斑环石藻);以及早期的阿普第阶到巴雷米安-密西索加序列(Aptea refractrissa、Pseudoceratium pelliferum和Muderongia simplex)。这五个生物地层学组合与六个突出的地震反射层和序列边界相关,这些反射层和边界可以在整个盆地中追踪到。与这些序列边界相关的间断持续时间是不确定的,尽管我们的蒙特卡罗分析允许从广泛的、有时是矛盾的范围中提取年龄估计,并表明间断与全球海平面下降的相关性。总之,这些地震和生物地层学解释可以应用于(1)评估巴尔的摩峡谷海槽中储层的连续性和海上碳储层的可行性,(2)更好地定义盆地的构造地层演化,以及(3)有助于理解白垩纪海平面的区域和全球变化。
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引用次数: 0
Plio-Pleistocene Planktic Foraminiferal Biochronology of ODP Site 762B, Exmouth Plateau, Southeast Indian Ocean 东南印度洋埃克斯茅斯高原ODP遗址762B上更新世浮游生物有孔虫生物年代学
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.248
Ashutosh Kumar Singh, D. K. Sinha
The Indonesian Throughflow region connects the tropical Pacific Ocean with the eastern Indian Ocean, and variability of the Throughflow during the Plio-Pleistocene has been related to major climate shifts at the global level. Planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy integrated with magnetochronology provides a robust time framework for assigning age control to major paleoceanographic events. Understanding of the coupled histories of the El Niño Southern Oscillation, Western Pacific Warm Pool, Indonesian Throughflow, and the eastern Indian Ocean has greatly benefitted from the chronological framework provided by planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphies from these regions. Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 762 lies under the influence of the Leeuwin Current, originating from the Indonesian Throughflow. Multiproxy data have been collected from Hole 762B and other nearby sites for paleoceanographic interpretation. However, a detailed planktic foraminiferal biostratigraphy integrated with magnetochronology is not available from this site. We provide here the sequential order of planktic foraminiferal First Occurrence (FO) and Last Occurrence (LO) events, which allowed us to divide the examined section into seven biostratigraphic zones. The biostratigraphy was integrated with magnetostratigraphy using revised ages of magnetochrons, which yielded biochronological age estimates for planktic foraminiferal events. A major planktonic faunal turnover between 3.4 and 2.7 Ma is probably related to the onset of the Northern Hemisphere glaciation and related changes in the Indonesian Throughflow. We have compared our numerical age estimates with published ages from other parts of the world. The diachronism observed probably is related to the local oceanographic setting of ODP Hole 762B, which has been alternatively influenced by changing strengths of the warm Leeuwin Current and the cold west Australian Current. The biochronology established here will be useful for correlating paleoceanographic events in the region.
印度尼西亚通流区连接着热带太平洋和东印度洋,其在上新世—更新世的变化与全球范围内的重大气候变化有关。浮游有孔虫生物地层学与磁年代学相结合,为确定主要古海洋事件的年龄控制提供了强有力的时间框架。了解El Niño南方涛动、西太平洋暖池、印度尼西亚通流和东印度洋的耦合历史,很大程度上得益于这些地区浮游有孔虫生物地层学提供的年代框架。海洋钻探计划(ODP) 762号孔受到源自印度尼西亚通流的Leeuwin洋流的影响。从762B洞和附近其他地点收集了多个代理数据,用于古海洋解释。然而,该地点没有详细的浮游有孔虫生物地层学和磁年代学。我们在这里提供了浮游有孔虫首次出现(FO)和最后出现(LO)事件的顺序,使我们能够将所检查的剖面划分为七个生物地层带。将生物地层学与磁地层学结合起来,利用修正的磁时线年龄,得出浮游有孔虫事件的生物年代学年龄。3.4 ~ 2.7 Ma之间的一次主要浮游动物更替可能与北半球冰期的开始和印度尼西亚通流的相关变化有关。我们将我们的数字年龄估计与世界其他地区公布的年龄进行了比较。观测到的历时性可能与ODP 762B孔的局地海洋环境有关,该环境受到温暖的Leeuwin流和寒冷的西澳大利亚流强度变化的交替影响。这里建立的生物年代学将有助于对比该地区的古海洋事件。
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引用次数: 0
Benthic Foraminiferal and Sedimentologic Changes in the Pliocene Yorktown Formation, Virginia, USA 美国弗吉尼亚州上新世约克镇组的底栖有孔虫和沉积学变化
IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2113/gsjfr.52.4.278
W. Spivey, S. Culver, D. Mallinson, H. Dowsett, M. Buzas
The Pliocene Yorktown Formation consists of four lithologic units that record three marine transgressive sequences along the U.S. mid-Atlantic margin. These units were deposited during a time when average sea-level and mean global temperatures were ∼25 m and ∼3°C higher than the pre-industrial, respectively, and global atmospheric CO2 concentrations were similar to present. Forty-five samples were collected along the James River near Rushmere, Virginia, and Spring Grove, Virginia, and were analyzed for benthic foraminifera community and sedimentological changes between each member of the formation. These data are useful for developing boundary conditions for shallow, near-shore environments for paleoclimate modeling. Foraminiferal analysis distinguishes six biofacies across the entire formation. The most notable change in grain-size occurs at the conformable boundary between the Rushmere and Morgarts Beach members, where the average percentage of sand decreases from ∼60% in the Rushmere Member to <40% in the Morgarts Beach Member.
上新世约克镇组由四个岩性单元组成,记录了沿美国大西洋中缘的三个海侵层序。这些单元是在平均海平面和全球平均温度分别比工业化前高~ 25 m和~ 3°C,全球大气CO2浓度与现在相似的时期沉积的。在弗吉尼亚州拉什米尔和斯普林斯格罗夫附近的詹姆斯河沿岸收集了45个样本,并分析了底栖有孔虫群落和每个地层成员之间的沉积学变化。这些数据有助于为古气候模拟开发浅海、近岸环境的边界条件。有孔虫分析区分了整个地层的6种生物相。最显著的粒度变化发生在拉什米尔和摩根茨海滩成员之间的整合边界,其中沙的平均百分比从拉什米尔成员的约60%减少到摩根茨海滩成员的<40%。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Foraminiferal Research
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