In this work, the equilibrium solubility of dimethyl 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate (DMPD) was experimentally determined in twelve organic solvents (methyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate, isopentyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol) under atmospheric pressure (P = 0.1 MPa) at a temperature range of 278.15 K–323.15 K by static gravimetric method. Experimental measurements revealed a consistent positive correlation between temperature and solubility, demonstrating that the solubility of DMPD increased monotonically with temperature in all twelve investigated solvent systems. It was found that at a temperature of T = 323.15 K, the general order of DMPD solubility was as follows: dimethyl sulfoxide > methyl acetate > tetrahydrofuran > ethyl acetate > isopropyl acetate > butyl acetate > amyl acetate > isopentyl acetate > methanol > ethanol > n-propanol > isopropanol. Five models (Apelblat model, Yaws model, Wilson model, NRTL model, and Two-Suffix Margules Model) were applied to fit the solubility data. All five thermodynamic models were capable of achieving basically accurate simulations of DMPD solubility. Among them, the Yaws model exhibited an excellent simulation effect on the solubility results of DMPD. Through comprehensive molecular simulations, including Hirshfeld surface (HS) analysis and molecular electrostatic potential surface (MEPs) mapping, complemented by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate that the solvation mechanism of DMPD molecules primarily involves the facile formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between DMPD and solvent molecules. This process facilitates the disruption of intrinsic “N⋯H”, “O⋯H” and “H⋯H” hydrogen bonding networks within the crystalline lattice. Combined with van't Hoff calculations, the formation of hydrogen bonds leads to a lowering of the Gibbs free energy of the system, resulting in a more spontaneous solubilization of the DMPD molecule in solution. Finally, the dissolution process of DMPD was analyzed and visualised using molecular dynamics simulations.
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