Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02120-5
Dominic V. Cimiotti, Luke Eberhart-Hertel, Aurélien Audevard, Pere Joan Garcias Salas, Guillaume Gelinaud, Klaus Günther, Afonso Rocha, Rainer Schulz, Jan van der Winden, Heiko Schmaljohann, Clemens Küpper
Abstract Dispersal is an important behavioral process that plays a significant role in, among others, speciation, population viability, and individual fitness. Despite progress in avian dispersal research, there are still many knowledge gaps. For example, it is of interest to study how dispersal propensity relates to age- and/or sex-specific patterns. Here, we investigated the role of sex and life stage on natal (i.e., movement from birth site to first breeding site) and breeding dispersal (i.e., movement between sequential breeding sites) in the Kentish Plover ( Charadrius alexandrinus ) for dispersal events of more than 10 km. This small and inconspicuous wader is characterized by flexible mating behavior that includes monogamy, and serial polygynandry. Using a continent-wide dataset of ringing and re-encounter data throughout the species’ range in Europe, we found that adult females generally dispersed further than adult males between seasons, but we detected no sex difference in natal dispersal distances and no general difference between natal and breeding dispersal distances. Furthermore, females were the main group exhibiting ‘long-distance’ breeding dispersal, which we defined as dispersal greater than ≥ 108 km, i.e., the upper 10% percentile of our dataset. The data set included dispersal of two females that first bred in the Mediterranean before being detected breeding at the North Sea in the subsequent year, having dispersed 1290 and 1704 km, respectively. These observations represent the longest breeding dispersal observed within the genus Charadrius. Our long-distance dispersal records are consistent with low genetic differentiation between mainland populations shown in previous work. The dispersal of the Kentish Plover is likely linked to its breeding behavior: polyandrous females exhibit extensive mate searching and habitat prospecting. We recommend that the dispersal traits of Kentish Plover be incorporated into the species’ conservation and management planning to more accurately inform models of population connectivity and metapopulation dynamics.
{"title":"Dispersal in Kentish Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus): adult females perform furthest movements","authors":"Dominic V. Cimiotti, Luke Eberhart-Hertel, Aurélien Audevard, Pere Joan Garcias Salas, Guillaume Gelinaud, Klaus Günther, Afonso Rocha, Rainer Schulz, Jan van der Winden, Heiko Schmaljohann, Clemens Küpper","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02120-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02120-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dispersal is an important behavioral process that plays a significant role in, among others, speciation, population viability, and individual fitness. Despite progress in avian dispersal research, there are still many knowledge gaps. For example, it is of interest to study how dispersal propensity relates to age- and/or sex-specific patterns. Here, we investigated the role of sex and life stage on natal (i.e., movement from birth site to first breeding site) and breeding dispersal (i.e., movement between sequential breeding sites) in the Kentish Plover ( Charadrius alexandrinus ) for dispersal events of more than 10 km. This small and inconspicuous wader is characterized by flexible mating behavior that includes monogamy, and serial polygynandry. Using a continent-wide dataset of ringing and re-encounter data throughout the species’ range in Europe, we found that adult females generally dispersed further than adult males between seasons, but we detected no sex difference in natal dispersal distances and no general difference between natal and breeding dispersal distances. Furthermore, females were the main group exhibiting ‘long-distance’ breeding dispersal, which we defined as dispersal greater than ≥ 108 km, i.e., the upper 10% percentile of our dataset. The data set included dispersal of two females that first bred in the Mediterranean before being detected breeding at the North Sea in the subsequent year, having dispersed 1290 and 1704 km, respectively. These observations represent the longest breeding dispersal observed within the genus Charadrius. Our long-distance dispersal records are consistent with low genetic differentiation between mainland populations shown in previous work. The dispersal of the Kentish Plover is likely linked to its breeding behavior: polyandrous females exhibit extensive mate searching and habitat prospecting. We recommend that the dispersal traits of Kentish Plover be incorporated into the species’ conservation and management planning to more accurately inform models of population connectivity and metapopulation dynamics.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02111-6
Thomas Bugnyar
Abstract Ravens and other corvids are renowned for their ‘intelligence’. For long, this reputation has been based primarily on anecdotes but in the last decades experimental evidence for impressive cognitive skills has accumulated within and across species. While we begin to understand the building blocks of corvid cognition, the question remains why these birds have evolved such skills. Focusing on Northern Ravens Corvus corax , I here try to tackle this question by relating current hypotheses on brain evolution to recent empirical data on challenges faced in the birds’ daily life. Results show that foraging ravens meet several assumptions for applying social intelligence: (1) they meet repeatedly at foraging sites, albeit individuals have different site preferences and vary in grouping dynamics; (1) foraging groups are structured by dominance rank hierarchies and social bonds; (3) individual ravens memorize former group members and their relationship valence over years, deduce third-party relationships and use their social knowledge in daily life by supporting others in conflicts and intervening in others’ affiliations. Hence, ravens’ socio-cognitive skills may be strongly shaped by the ‘complex’ social environment experienced as non-breeders.
{"title":"Warum sind Raben klug? Anwendung der sozialen Intelligenz Hypothese","authors":"Thomas Bugnyar","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02111-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02111-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ravens and other corvids are renowned for their ‘intelligence’. For long, this reputation has been based primarily on anecdotes but in the last decades experimental evidence for impressive cognitive skills has accumulated within and across species. While we begin to understand the building blocks of corvid cognition, the question remains why these birds have evolved such skills. Focusing on Northern Ravens Corvus corax , I here try to tackle this question by relating current hypotheses on brain evolution to recent empirical data on challenges faced in the birds’ daily life. Results show that foraging ravens meet several assumptions for applying social intelligence: (1) they meet repeatedly at foraging sites, albeit individuals have different site preferences and vary in grouping dynamics; (1) foraging groups are structured by dominance rank hierarchies and social bonds; (3) individual ravens memorize former group members and their relationship valence over years, deduce third-party relationships and use their social knowledge in daily life by supporting others in conflicts and intervening in others’ affiliations. Hence, ravens’ socio-cognitive skills may be strongly shaped by the ‘complex’ social environment experienced as non-breeders.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135591135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02116-1
Blanca Fernández-Eslava, Daniel Alonso, David Galicia, Juan Arizaga
Abstract Carotenoid-based ornamentation can vary greatly among individual birds of the same population. This variability might consider the timing and duration of moult. Crossbills (genus Loxia ) show large variation in their colour patterns, ranging from dull yellow to red. Thus, they provide an excellent avian model for testing whether the timing and duration of their moult are associated with their dominant colour patterns. Using a dataset of more than 1900 crossbills captured in the Pyrenees (Spain), we observed that individuals with red feathers started their primary moult early, while those with yellow feathers started moult on an average of 18 days later. We also found that yellow crossbills were more likely to suspend moults (i.e. temporally interrupt moult), postponing a part of the moult until September. These differences in the moulting process may be related to plumage colour, which reflect individual condition.
{"title":"Moult performance varies in relation to colour patterns in crossbills","authors":"Blanca Fernández-Eslava, Daniel Alonso, David Galicia, Juan Arizaga","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02116-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02116-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Carotenoid-based ornamentation can vary greatly among individual birds of the same population. This variability might consider the timing and duration of moult. Crossbills (genus Loxia ) show large variation in their colour patterns, ranging from dull yellow to red. Thus, they provide an excellent avian model for testing whether the timing and duration of their moult are associated with their dominant colour patterns. Using a dataset of more than 1900 crossbills captured in the Pyrenees (Spain), we observed that individuals with red feathers started their primary moult early, while those with yellow feathers started moult on an average of 18 days later. We also found that yellow crossbills were more likely to suspend moults (i.e. temporally interrupt moult), postponing a part of the moult until September. These differences in the moulting process may be related to plumage colour, which reflect individual condition.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135591814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02117-0
Daniel T. Ksepka, Alan J. D. Tennyson
{"title":"Oldest fossil record of Sulidae from New Zealand","authors":"Daniel T. Ksepka, Alan J. D. Tennyson","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02117-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02117-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135829917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02113-4
Sonia Kleindorfer, Benedikt Heger, Damian Tohl, Didone Frigerio, Josef Hemetsberger, Leonida Fusani, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Diane Colombelli-Négrel
Abstract Cues to individuality, and the corresponding capacity for individual-level discrimination, can allow individually specific investment by conspecifics into offspring, partners, neighbors or competitors. Here we investigated possible cues to individuality via faces in an ancient avian lineage, the Greylag Goose ( Anser anser ). Konrad Lorenz could famously name each Greylag Goose in ‘his’ flock from a photograph. Confirming this anecdotal observation, we developed facial recognition software that can reliably (~ 97% accuracy) assign a goose face to a goose ID within a database, using bill morphology normalized during photo preparation. To explore conspecific detection of individuality cues, we erected life-size photos of geese and measured subjects’ responses to photos of themselves (unfamiliar goose), their partner, and another flock mate. Geese displayed significantly greater affiliative response to photos of their partners, providing evidence that geese can use two-dimensional images as cues to determine social category (partner/non-partner) and/or individual-level recognition. Our methods provide novel approaches to automatically detect and monitor geese and to test avian cognition. Our approach may also create new opportunities for species monitoring approaches more generally using photographic images and citizen-science engagement.
{"title":"Cues to individuality in Greylag Goose faces: algorithmic discrimination and behavioral field tests","authors":"Sonia Kleindorfer, Benedikt Heger, Damian Tohl, Didone Frigerio, Josef Hemetsberger, Leonida Fusani, W. Tecumseh Fitch, Diane Colombelli-Négrel","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02113-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02113-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cues to individuality, and the corresponding capacity for individual-level discrimination, can allow individually specific investment by conspecifics into offspring, partners, neighbors or competitors. Here we investigated possible cues to individuality via faces in an ancient avian lineage, the Greylag Goose ( Anser anser ). Konrad Lorenz could famously name each Greylag Goose in ‘his’ flock from a photograph. Confirming this anecdotal observation, we developed facial recognition software that can reliably (~ 97% accuracy) assign a goose face to a goose ID within a database, using bill morphology normalized during photo preparation. To explore conspecific detection of individuality cues, we erected life-size photos of geese and measured subjects’ responses to photos of themselves (unfamiliar goose), their partner, and another flock mate. Geese displayed significantly greater affiliative response to photos of their partners, providing evidence that geese can use two-dimensional images as cues to determine social category (partner/non-partner) and/or individual-level recognition. Our methods provide novel approaches to automatically detect and monitor geese and to test avian cognition. Our approach may also create new opportunities for species monitoring approaches more generally using photographic images and citizen-science engagement.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135579401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02112-5
Mathieu Mahamoud-Issa, Bożena Sikora, Katarzyna Łosak, Tomasz S. Osiejuk
Abstract The Yellow-breasted Barbet ( Trachyphonus margaritatus ) is a group-living and chorusing bird species. However, its vocal repertoire remains poorly described. In this study, we measured the acoustic features of four distinct vocalisations as well as the daily calling activity of barbets at 11 roosting cavity sites. We found that bird’s peak of calling activity is early in the morning and at the end of the day. The cohesion calls and group vocal displays were the most common vocalisations. Moreover, cohesion calls were often used before the start of a group vocal displays which suggests a function in the intra-group cohesiveness.
{"title":"The vocal repertoire and the daily calling activity of the Yellow-breasted Barbet (Trachyphonus margaritatus)","authors":"Mathieu Mahamoud-Issa, Bożena Sikora, Katarzyna Łosak, Tomasz S. Osiejuk","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02112-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02112-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Yellow-breasted Barbet ( Trachyphonus margaritatus ) is a group-living and chorusing bird species. However, its vocal repertoire remains poorly described. In this study, we measured the acoustic features of four distinct vocalisations as well as the daily calling activity of barbets at 11 roosting cavity sites. We found that bird’s peak of calling activity is early in the morning and at the end of the day. The cohesion calls and group vocal displays were the most common vocalisations. Moreover, cohesion calls were often used before the start of a group vocal displays which suggests a function in the intra-group cohesiveness.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134961069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02114-3
Antonio J. Hernández-Navarro, Francisco Robledano, María V. Jiménez-Franco, J. Andrew Royle, José F. Calvo
Abstract Local biodiversity monitoring is important to assess the effects of global change, but also to evaluate the performance of landscape and wildlife protection, since large-scale assessments may buffer local fluctuations, rare species tend to be underrepresented, and management actions are usually implemented on local scales. We estimated population trends of 58 bird species using open-population N-mixture models based on count data in two localities in southeastern Spain, which have been collected according to a citizen science monitoring program (SACRE, Monitoring Common Breeding Birds in Spain) over 21 and 15 years, respectively. We performed different abundance models for each species and study area, accounting for imperfect detection of individuals in replicated counts. After selecting the best models for each species and study area, empirical Bayes methods were used for estimating abundances, which allowed us to calculate population growth rates ( λ ) and finally population trends. We also compared the two local population trends and related them with national and European trends, and species functional traits (phenological status, dietary, and habitat specialization characteristics). Our results showed increasing trends for most species, but a weak correlation between populations of the same species from both study areas. In general, local population trends were consistent with the trends observed at national and continental scales, although contrasting patterns exist for several species, mainly with increasing local trends and decreasing Spanish and European trends. Moreover, we found no evidence of a relationship between population trends and species traits. We conclude that using open-population N-mixture models is an appropriate method to estimate population trends, and that citizen science-based monitoring schemes can be a source of data for such analyses. This modeling approach can help managers to assess the effectiveness of their actions at the local level in the context of global change.
局部生物多样性监测不仅对评估全球变化的影响具有重要意义，而且对评估景观和野生动物保护的绩效也具有重要意义，因为大规模评估可能缓冲局部波动，稀有物种往往代表性不足，管理行动通常在局部尺度上实施。本文采用开放种群n-混合模型对西班牙东南部两个地区58种鸟类的种群趋势进行了估计，这些数据分别来自于一个公民科学监测项目(SACRE, monitoring Common Breeding Birds in Spain)收集的21年和15年的统计数据。我们对每个物种和研究区域进行了不同的丰度模型，考虑到重复计数中个体检测的不完善。在为每个物种和研究区域选择最佳模型后，使用经验贝叶斯方法估算丰度，从而计算出种群增长率(λ)，最终得出种群趋势。我们还比较了两种地方种群趋势，并将其与国家和欧洲趋势以及物种功能特征(物候状况、饮食和生境专业化特征)联系起来。结果表明，大多数物种的种群数量呈上升趋势，但两个研究区同一物种种群之间的相关性较弱。总体而言，当地种群趋势与在国家和大陆尺度上观察到的趋势一致，尽管一些物种存在不同的模式，主要是当地趋势增加而西班牙和欧洲趋势减少。此外，我们没有发现种群趋势与物种特征之间存在关系的证据。我们得出结论，使用开放种群n混合模型是估计种群趋势的合适方法，基于公民科学的监测方案可以作为此类分析的数据来源。这种建模方法可以帮助管理人员在全球变化的背景下评估他们在地方一级的行动的有效性。
{"title":"Long-term trends of local bird populations based on monitoring schemes: are they suitable for justifying management measures?","authors":"Antonio J. Hernández-Navarro, Francisco Robledano, María V. Jiménez-Franco, J. Andrew Royle, José F. Calvo","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02114-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02114-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Local biodiversity monitoring is important to assess the effects of global change, but also to evaluate the performance of landscape and wildlife protection, since large-scale assessments may buffer local fluctuations, rare species tend to be underrepresented, and management actions are usually implemented on local scales. We estimated population trends of 58 bird species using open-population N-mixture models based on count data in two localities in southeastern Spain, which have been collected according to a citizen science monitoring program (SACRE, Monitoring Common Breeding Birds in Spain) over 21 and 15 years, respectively. We performed different abundance models for each species and study area, accounting for imperfect detection of individuals in replicated counts. After selecting the best models for each species and study area, empirical Bayes methods were used for estimating abundances, which allowed us to calculate population growth rates ( λ ) and finally population trends. We also compared the two local population trends and related them with national and European trends, and species functional traits (phenological status, dietary, and habitat specialization characteristics). Our results showed increasing trends for most species, but a weak correlation between populations of the same species from both study areas. In general, local population trends were consistent with the trends observed at national and continental scales, although contrasting patterns exist for several species, mainly with increasing local trends and decreasing Spanish and European trends. Moreover, we found no evidence of a relationship between population trends and species traits. We conclude that using open-population N-mixture models is an appropriate method to estimate population trends, and that citizen science-based monitoring schemes can be a source of data for such analyses. This modeling approach can help managers to assess the effectiveness of their actions at the local level in the context of global change.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-23DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02115-2
Emma N. Stierhoff, Julianna M. Carpenetti, Sarah A. Knutie, Jon W. Wallace, Michael W. Butler
{"title":"Hematophagous ectoparasites affect nestling size and physiology, but not apparent survival","authors":"Emma N. Stierhoff, Julianna M. Carpenetti, Sarah A. Knutie, Jon W. Wallace, Michael W. Butler","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02115-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02115-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135959872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1007/s10336-023-02110-7
Bastien S. Lemaire, Mirko Zanon, Sarah Placì, Benjamin Werk, Giorgio Vallortigara
Abstract Imprinting, the process of forming lasting social bonds with early encountered stimuli, has been the subject of extensive research. However, there is still a need to systematically study the optimal methods for displaying imprinting stimuli in laboratory settings. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different virtual presentation methods for imprinting stimuli and their impact on the memory of chicks. In the first experiment, we examined the attractiveness of various flickering frequencies, comparing them to static and translatory motion stimuli. The results revealed that flickering frequencies between 0.5 and 5 Hz were particularly appealing to newly hatched chicks, while higher frequencies (10–40 Hz) were less effective. We observed no significant differences in attractiveness between low flickering frequencies, moving stimuli, and static stimuli. In the second experiment, the focus shifted to the development of imprinting preference and memory. We found no significant difference in terms of preference for the imprinting stimulus between chicks imprinted with translatory motion or static stimuli. However, imprinting with flickering stimuli produced varied preferences. Chicks imprinted with a 2 Hz flickering stimulus exhibited a preference for the imprinting stimulus, albeit weaker than those imprinted with moving stimuli, while chicks imprinted with a 1 Hz flickering stimulus did not show a preference. These findings suggest that imprinting with flickering frequencies is not as effective as imprinting with moving stimuli and, to a lesser extent, static stimuli. Future studies should aim to determine the most optimal low frequencies within the 0.5–5 Hz range and explore different motion types. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of imprinting and provides valuable insights into virtual stimulation methods, thus informing the design of experiments in virtual environments.
{"title":"Flickering stimuli presentation in imprinting","authors":"Bastien S. Lemaire, Mirko Zanon, Sarah Placì, Benjamin Werk, Giorgio Vallortigara","doi":"10.1007/s10336-023-02110-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-023-02110-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Imprinting, the process of forming lasting social bonds with early encountered stimuli, has been the subject of extensive research. However, there is still a need to systematically study the optimal methods for displaying imprinting stimuli in laboratory settings. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different virtual presentation methods for imprinting stimuli and their impact on the memory of chicks. In the first experiment, we examined the attractiveness of various flickering frequencies, comparing them to static and translatory motion stimuli. The results revealed that flickering frequencies between 0.5 and 5 Hz were particularly appealing to newly hatched chicks, while higher frequencies (10–40 Hz) were less effective. We observed no significant differences in attractiveness between low flickering frequencies, moving stimuli, and static stimuli. In the second experiment, the focus shifted to the development of imprinting preference and memory. We found no significant difference in terms of preference for the imprinting stimulus between chicks imprinted with translatory motion or static stimuli. However, imprinting with flickering stimuli produced varied preferences. Chicks imprinted with a 2 Hz flickering stimulus exhibited a preference for the imprinting stimulus, albeit weaker than those imprinted with moving stimuli, while chicks imprinted with a 1 Hz flickering stimulus did not show a preference. These findings suggest that imprinting with flickering frequencies is not as effective as imprinting with moving stimuli and, to a lesser extent, static stimuli. Future studies should aim to determine the most optimal low frequencies within the 0.5–5 Hz range and explore different motion types. Overall, this research enhances our understanding of imprinting and provides valuable insights into virtual stimulation methods, thus informing the design of experiments in virtual environments.","PeriodicalId":54895,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ornithology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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