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2013—A Time for Celebration and Reflection 2013年——庆祝与反思的时刻
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2013.01.001
Kenneth Fong (Editor-in-Chief)
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引用次数: 0
Time Use in Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Comparison Study 脑瘫患儿母亲的时间利用:一项比较研究
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.11.001
Mehdi Rassafiani, Mina Ahmadi Kahjoogh, Ali Hosseini, Robab Sahaf

Objectives

The main goal of this study was to measure time spent in different activities by mothers who have children with cerebral palsy (CP), in comparison to mothers of healthy children.

Methods

This study features a descriptive, cross-sectional and matched case control design. Sixty-seven mothers aged between 25 and 50 years based on inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. The prototype of the Farsi translation of the Mothers' Time Use Questionnaire was used to measure the time allocations for different activities in both groups.

Results

Mothers of children with CP spent more time in childcare activities and had a lower level of “satisfaction” in comparison with mothers who have healthy children (p < .05). There were no significant differences in other subtype activities between both groups, namely, paid work, leisure, household chores, and sleeping/resting (p > .05).

Conclusion

There was an imbalance over time use between childcare activities and other subtype activities in mothers who have children with CP as compared to mothers with healthy children. Mothers with children who have CP require more attention, support, and special assistance from the government to meet their specific roles as mothers.

目的本研究的主要目的是衡量患有脑瘫(CP)儿童的母亲与健康儿童的母亲在不同活动中花费的时间。方法本研究采用描述性、横断面和匹配病例对照设计。根据纳入和排除标准,选择了67名年龄在25至50岁之间的母亲。使用波斯语翻译的《母亲时间使用问卷》原型来衡量两组母亲在不同活动上的时间分配。结果与健康儿童的母亲相比,患有CP儿童的母亲在托儿活动中花费更多的时间,“满意度”水平较低(p <. 05)。两组之间的其他亚型活动,即有偿工作、休闲、家务和睡眠/休息,无显著差异(p >. 05)。结论患有CP的母亲与健康儿童的母亲相比,儿童保育活动与其他亚型活动在时间使用上存在不平衡。患有CP的孩子的母亲需要政府给予更多的关注、支持和特殊帮助,以满足她们作为母亲的特殊角色。
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引用次数: 41
Are Motor-free Visual Perception Skill Constructs Predictive of Visual-motor Integration Skill Constructs? 无运动的视觉知觉技能构念能否预测视觉-运动整合技能构念?
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.06.003
Ted Brown

Background

Theoretical perspectives vary in considering whether visual perceptual skills and visual-motor integration (VMI) skills are related, interdependent skill sets, or two discrete skill constructs.

Objective

This study investigated whether motor-reduced/free visual perceptual skill constructs were predictive of motor-enhanced VMI skill constructs.

Method

A total of 45 typically developing children aged 6–12 years completed the Developmental Test of Visual Perception-Second Edition (DTVP-2) and the Test of Visual Perceptual Skills-Third Edition (TVPS-3). Four multiple linear regression analyses were completed with the four DTVP-2 motor-enhanced VMI subscales being the dependent (criterion) variables and the seven TVPS-3 motor-reduced subscales being the independent variables.

Results

The total variance accounted for in the four DTVP-2 VMI skill constructs by all the seven TVPS-3 skill constructs ranged from 29.3% to 60.10%. In the first regression analysis, the TVPS-3 Visual Sequential Memory and TVPS-3 Visual Figure–Ground constructs explained 5.40% and 4.90%, respectively, of the variance in the DTVP-2 Eye–Hand Coordination construct. In the second regression, the TVPS-3 Visual Sequential Memory and TVPS-3 Visual Figure–Ground constructs accounted for 5.60% and 3.10%, respectively, of the DTVP-2 Copying construct's variance. The third analysis revealed that the TVPS-3 Visual Memory and TVPS-3 Visual Form Constancy constructs represented 6.20% and 7.90%, respectively, of the DTVP-2 Spatial Relations construct's variance. In the fourth and final regression analysis, the TVPS-3 Visual Sequential Memory and TVPS-3 Visual Figure–Ground construct explained 14.60% and 4.90%, respectively, of the variance in the DTVP-2 Visual-Motor Speed construct.

Conclusion

In the four regression analyses, specific types of motor-reduced visual perception constructs were predictive of the four specific types of motor-enhanced VMI constructs. Visual Sequential Memory and Visual Figure–Ground, specific types of motor-reduced visual perceptual constructs, were frequent and significant predictors of VMI skill constructs in children. It would appear that motor-reduced visual perceptual skills and motor-enhanced VMI skills as theoretical constructs are related and dependent on one another.

在考虑视觉感知技能和视觉运动整合(VMI)技能是相关的、相互依赖的技能组合还是两个独立的技能结构时,理论观点各不相同。目的探讨运动减弱/自由视觉知觉技能构念对运动增强视觉知觉技能构念的预测作用。方法对45名6 ~ 12岁典型发育儿童进行了视觉知觉发展测验(dpvp -2)和视觉知觉技能测验(TVPS-3)。以4个dpvp -2电机增强型VMI量表为因变量(标准),7个TVPS-3电机减强型VMI量表为自变量,完成4个多元线性回归分析。结果7个TVPS-3技能构式对4个dpvp -2 VMI技能构式的总方差占比在29.3% ~ 60.10%之间。在第一次回归分析中,TVPS-3视觉顺序记忆结构和TVPS-3视觉图形-地面结构分别解释了tvps -2手眼协调结构的5.40%和4.90%的方差。在第二次回归中,TVPS-3视觉顺序记忆和TVPS-3视觉图形-地面结构分别占dvps -2复制结构方差的5.60%和3.10%。结果表明,TVPS-3视觉记忆和TVPS-3视觉形式恒常性构式分别占dvps -2空间关系构式方差的6.20%和7.90%。在第四个也是最后一个回归分析中,TVPS-3视觉顺序记忆和TVPS-3视觉图形-地面结构分别解释了dpvp -2视觉运动速度结构的14.60%和4.90%的方差。结论在四种回归分析中,特定类型的运动减弱视觉知觉构式对四种特定类型的运动增强视觉知觉构式具有预测作用。视觉顺序记忆和视觉图形-背景这两种特定类型的运动减少的视觉知觉构念是儿童VMI技能构念的频繁和显著的预测因子。从理论上看,运动减少的视觉知觉技能和运动增强的视觉知觉技能是相互关联和依赖的。
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引用次数: 20
Unraveling Clinical Experience: An Occupational Therapy Student's Perspective 解开临床经验:一个职业治疗学生的观点
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.12.007
K.A.V. Hernandez
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引用次数: 1
The “Travelling” Team: Promoting Health and Wellness in the Northern Philippines "旅行"小组:在菲律宾北部促进卫生和保健
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.12.005
I.N.B. Gomez, J.C. Paguyo, A.R. Mamaril
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引用次数: 1
Mentoring: Enabling the Resilience of Therapists Working with Children in Mental Health 指导:使儿童心理健康治疗师的恢复能力
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.12.003
S. Lowe
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引用次数: 1
Effectiveness of a Multifaceted Cognitive Training Programme for People with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A One-Group Pre- and Posttest Design 轻度认知障碍患者多层面认知训练方案的有效性:一组测试前和测试后设计
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.04.002
Michelle H.X. Lim , Karen P.Y. Liu , Gloria S.F. Cheung , Michael C.C. Kuo , Ruijie Li , Choy-Ying Tong

Objectives

The effectiveness of a cognitive training programme in enhancing the functional abilities of elderly persons with mild cognitive impairments was tested in an integrated home and institutional training programme focused on performing daily tasks.

Methods

Twenty elderly participants were taught cognitive stimulation and memory encoding strategies for 10 weeks by an occupational therapist, or by nonprofessionals and community caregivers. The programme consisted of attention and memory stimulation, association-based and imagery-based strategies. Functional assessment (Chinese version of the disability assessment for dementia instrument and the instrumental activities of daily living scale) and neuropsychological tests (digit span forward test, word list memory subtest of the neuropsychological test battery developed by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease, Cognistat) were administered before and after the programme.

Results

After the 10-week programme the participants showed significant improvements in average attention and memory. The participants showed improved memory (word list memory: p ≤ .001) and other cognitive function as measured by the naming (p ≤ .001), construction (p ≤ .001), memory (p ≤ .001) and similarities (p ≤ .001) subtests of the Cognistat.

Conclusion

These results provide initial evidence supporting the use of daily tasks as the context in teaching cognitive stimulation and memory encoding strategies to mildly impaired elderly people.

目的通过一项以日常任务为重点的综合家庭和机构培训计划,测试认知训练计划在提高轻度认知障碍老年人功能能力方面的有效性。方法对20名老年人进行为期10周的认知刺激和记忆编码策略教学,由职业治疗师或非专业人员和社区护理人员进行。该方案包括注意和记忆刺激、基于联想和基于图像的策略。在项目前后分别进行功能评估(中文版的痴呆症残疾评估工具和日常生活活动工具量表)和神经心理测试(由阿尔茨海默病建立登记联盟开发的神经心理测试组的手指跨距前向测试和单词列表记忆子测试)。结果经过10周的训练,参与者的平均注意力和记忆力都有了显著的提高。通过Cognistat的命名(p≤0.001)、结构(p≤0.001)、记忆(p≤0.001)和相似性(p≤0.001)子测试,参与者表现出记忆力(单词列表记忆:p≤0.001)和其他认知功能的改善。结论本研究结果为使用日常任务作为背景对轻度损伤老年人进行认知刺激和记忆编码策略教学提供了初步证据。
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引用次数: 17
Physical Activity Patterns and Quality of Life of Overweight Boys: A Preliminary Study 超重男孩身体活动模式与生活质量的初步研究
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.06.001
Chung-Ying Lin , Chia-Ting Su , Hui-Ing Ma

Objective

We compared the physical activity (PA) patterns and the quality of life (QoL) between overweight and normal-weight boys, and examined the relationship between PA and QoL of overweight boys.

Methods

Eighteen overweight boys (age range: 8–10 years, mean ± standard deviation: 9.36 ± 0.82 years) and 18 age-matched, normal-weight counterparts (age range: 8–10 years, mean ± standard deviation: 9.01 ± 0.65 years) participated in this study. All participants were in the 3rd or 4th grade. Each boy completed a QoL questionnaire and wore an accelerometer on his waist for a week to measure his PA during that period. Independent t tests were used to examine the differences in QoL and PA between the overweight and normal-weight boys. Paired t tests were used to test the differences in PA between weekdays and weekend days for each group. Finally, Pearson correlations were used to analyze the relationships between PA and QoL in overweight boys.

Results

Overweight boys reported a significantly lower QoL, and participated in significantly less PA on weekends than did normal-weight boys. A moderate and marginally significant correlation was found between PA on weekends and QoL in overweight boys.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest the importance of increasing weekend PA for overweight boys. Occupational therapists should encourage overweight boys to engage in PA that the boys are interested in on weekends, and conduct a PA program for overweight boys.

目的比较超重男孩与正常体重男孩的身体活动(PA)模式和生活质量(QoL),探讨超重男孩PA与生活质量的关系。方法18例超重男孩(年龄范围8-10岁,平均±标准差:9.36±0.82岁)和18例同龄正常体重男孩(年龄范围8-10岁,平均±标准差:9.01±0.65岁)参加本研究。所有的参与者都是三年级或四年级的学生。每个男孩都完成了一份生活质量问卷,并在腰上戴了一个加速度计一周,以测量他在此期间的PA。采用独立t检验检验超重和正常体重男孩的生活质量和生活质量的差异。配对t检验检验各组在工作日和周末之间PA的差异。最后,采用Pearson相关分析超重男孩PA与生活质量之间的关系。结果超重男孩报告的生活质量明显低于正常体重男孩,周末参加PA的人数明显少于正常体重男孩。超重男孩周末PA与生活质量之间存在中度和边际显著相关。结论我们的研究结果提示增加周末PA对超重男孩的重要性。职业治疗师应该鼓励超重男孩在周末参加他们感兴趣的PA,并为超重男孩实施PA计划。
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引用次数: 30
An Investigation of the Satisfaction and Perception of Fieldwork Experiences Among Occupational Therapy Students 职业治疗专业学生对实习体验的满意度与感知调查
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.04.001
Hsin-Yu Ariel Chiang, Chu-Hou Pang, Wan-Shan Li, Yi-Nuo Shih, Chia-Ting Su

Objective

Fieldwork practice is an essential part of education in occupational therapy (OT). For an OT educator, it is crucial to understand students' perceptions and satisfaction of fieldwork practice to raise its overall quality.

Methods

Students' perceptions and satisfaction of their fieldwork were measured with the students' fieldwork satisfaction assessment. The assessment contains three subscales: the degree of satisfaction with the clinical setting, supervisors, and the improvement of professional knowledge. A total of 67 senior-year OT students from six universities in Taiwan were recruited. The students' overall perceptions of and satisfaction with their fieldwork were obtained.

Results

Results indicated that the level of satisfaction was high among students (mean ± standard deviation = 3.94 ± 0.52). In addition, students had relatively lower satisfaction with the hospital environment (3.57 ± 0.48). Students who considered pre-fieldwork preparation to be necessary often had higher satisfaction (4.05 ± 0.51) with fieldwork experience than those who considered it unnecessary (3.61 ± 0.47; p = .004). Our results showed that students practicing in the field of physical disabilities were more satisfied with their fieldwork than were students in the field of psychiatric disabilities (p = .003). Students' perception of OT was a significant predictor for students' degree of satisfaction with fieldwork (p < .001).

Conclusion

To elevate the quality of the clinical education of OT students, educators may improve the facilities and spaces in the hospital departments.

目的实习是职业治疗教育的重要组成部分。作为一名OT教育者,了解学生对实地实习的看法和满意度对于提高实习的整体质量至关重要。方法采用学生实地考察满意度量表对学生实地考察的感知和满意度进行测评。评估包括三个量表:对临床环境的满意度、对主管的满意度和对专业知识的满意度。本研究共招募了来自台湾六所大学的67名大四的OT学生。获得学生对田野作业的整体观感及满意度。结果学生满意度较高(平均±标准差= 3.94±0.52)。此外,学生对医院环境的满意度相对较低(3.57±0.48)。认为实习前准备是必要的学生对实习经验的满意度(4.05±0.51)高于认为没有必要的学生(3.61±0.47;p = .004)。我们的研究结果显示,在身体残疾领域实习的学生比在精神残疾领域实习的学生更满意他们的实习工作(p = .003)。学生对实习工作的感知是学生对实习工作满意度的显著预测因子(p <措施)。结论为提高门诊学生临床教育质量,教育工作者可改善医院科室的设施和空间。
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引用次数: 9
On Positioning the HKJOT 关于香港资讯科技署的定位
IF 0.4 4区 医学 Q2 Health Professions Pub Date : 2012-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hkjot.2012.08.001
Kenneth Fong (Editor-in-Chief)
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy
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