Pub Date : 2013-01-01DOI: 10.2113/geoarabia1801139
T. A. Mahdi, A. Aqrawi, A. Horbury, G. Sherwani
The CenomanianÐEarly Turonian reservoirs of the Mishrif Formation of the Mesopotamian Basin hold more than one-third of the proven Iraqi oil reserves. Difficulty in predicting the presence of these mostly rudistic reservoir units is mainly due to the complex paleogeography of the Mishrif depositional basin, which has not been helped by numerous previous studies using differing facies schemes over local areas. Here we present a regional microfacies-based study that incorporates earlier data into a comprehensive facies model. This shows that extensive accumulation of rudist banks usually occurred along an exterior shelf margin of the basin along an axis that runs from Hamrin to Badra and southeast of that, with additional interior rudist margins around an intra-shelf basin to the southwest. Regional tectonism defined the accommodation sites during the platform development. Facies analysis allowed the recognition of 21 microfacies types and their transgressive-regressive cyclic stacking pattern. Sequence-stratigraphic analysis led to the recognition of three complete third-order sequences within the studied Mishrif succession. Eustatic sea-level changes were the primary control on this sequence development but local tectonics was important at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary. Rudist biostromes are stacked as thicker shallowing-up cycles composed of several smaller-scale cycles. In places, smaller cycles are clearly shingled (stacked laterally). Iraq’s Mishrif sequences are thus analogous to coeval systems across the Arabian Plate in Oman, United Arab Emirates, offshore Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, southwest Iran and the Levant. Analysis of poroperm trends shows porosity increasing beneath sequence boundaries due to karstification and meteoric dissolution. The presence of interconnected vugs in grain-dominated fabric make the rudist biostromes the best reservoir units. Dissolution of aragonitic components of rudist shells was the most important diagenetic process that enhanced reservoir characteristics. The presence of rudist-bearing facies with their diagenetic overprint within regressive cycles is considered the primary factor in effective porosity development and distribution. As a result, because of depositional heterogeneities (facies type distribution and their 3-D geometries) and the influence of sequence boundaries on reservoir quality, each field shows unique geometrical combinations of pay zones, barriers and seals.
{"title":"Sedimentological characterization of the mid-Cretaceous Mishrif reservoir in southern Mesopotamian Basin, Iraq","authors":"T. A. Mahdi, A. Aqrawi, A. Horbury, G. Sherwani","doi":"10.2113/geoarabia1801139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1801139","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The CenomanianÐEarly Turonian reservoirs of the Mishrif Formation of the Mesopotamian Basin hold more than one-third of the proven Iraqi oil reserves. Difficulty in predicting the presence of these mostly rudistic reservoir units is mainly due to the complex paleogeography of the Mishrif depositional basin, which has not been helped by numerous previous studies using differing facies schemes over local areas. Here we present a regional microfacies-based study that incorporates earlier data into a comprehensive facies model. This shows that extensive accumulation of rudist banks usually occurred along an exterior shelf margin of the basin along an axis that runs from Hamrin to Badra and southeast of that, with additional interior rudist margins around an intra-shelf basin to the southwest. Regional tectonism defined the accommodation sites during the platform development.\u0000 Facies analysis allowed the recognition of 21 microfacies types and their transgressive-regressive cyclic stacking pattern. Sequence-stratigraphic analysis led to the recognition of three complete third-order sequences within the studied Mishrif succession. Eustatic sea-level changes were the primary control on this sequence development but local tectonics was important at the Cenomanian/Turonian boundary. Rudist biostromes are stacked as thicker shallowing-up cycles composed of several smaller-scale cycles. In places, smaller cycles are clearly shingled (stacked laterally). Iraq’s Mishrif sequences are thus analogous to coeval systems across the Arabian Plate in Oman, United Arab Emirates, offshore Saudi Arabia and Kuwait, southwest Iran and the Levant.\u0000 Analysis of poroperm trends shows porosity increasing beneath sequence boundaries due to karstification and meteoric dissolution. The presence of interconnected vugs in grain-dominated fabric make the rudist biostromes the best reservoir units. Dissolution of aragonitic components of rudist shells was the most important diagenetic process that enhanced reservoir characteristics. The presence of rudist-bearing facies with their diagenetic overprint within regressive cycles is considered the primary factor in effective porosity development and distribution. As a result, because of depositional heterogeneities (facies type distribution and their 3-D geometries) and the influence of sequence boundaries on reservoir quality, each field shows unique geometrical combinations of pay zones, barriers and seals.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of Permian and Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine carbonates is difficult where typical shallow-marine microfossils are either absent or sparse. A collection of microfossils originally considered as “microproblematica” because of their uncertain biological affinities are, however, often present. These include species of Aeolisaccus, Gakhumella, Prethocoprolithus, Thaumatoporella, Favreina and Terebella. Observations of their vertical distribution and relationship with carbonate fabrics reveal their environmental preferences, and these contribute to palaeoenvironmental interpretation within a spectrum of very shallow-marine settings that previously precluded refinement. The recognition of high-frequency depositional cycles and definition of cryptic reservoir layering in such shallow to marginal-marine carbonates is now facilitated by the use of these microfossils from the Khuff, Hanifa, Jubaila, Arab and Hith formations. Aeolisaccus dunningtoni is interpreted as either a fossilised cyanobacterial tube or possible foraminifera of Early Permian to Late Jurassic age. It is well represented within mudstones, wackestones and packstones of supratidal flats to very shallow intertidal palaeoenvironments with occasional freshwater influence. The microbialitic Gakhumella cf. huberi is locally present in these Upper Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine bioconstructions. Prethocoprolithus centripetalus is a faecal ribbon, considered to be of mollusk origin, within shallow subtidal grainstones and packstones. Thaumatoporella parvovesiculifera is considered a green alga that is typically found encrusting biocomponent fragments. It ranges from the Middle Triassic to Upper Cretaceous and is extensively present in intertidal, possibly hypersaline to shallow-marine, normal salinity lagoon grainstones and mud-lean packstones. Certain types of the distinctively canaliculate, microcoprolitic decapod crustacean faecal pellets, of the genus Favreina, are diagnostic of Late Jurassic intertidal to shallow subtidal conditions found within packstones. Terebella lapilloides is an agglutinated polychaete tube, typical of Upper Jurassic intertidal to shallow-marine packstones.
{"title":"Late Permian to Late Jurassic “microproblematica” of Saudi Arabia: Possible palaeobiological assignments and roles in the palaeoenviromental reconstructions","authors":"G. Hughes","doi":"10.2113/geoarabia180157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia180157","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Palaeoenvironmental interpretation of Permian and Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine carbonates is difficult where typical shallow-marine microfossils are either absent or sparse. A collection of microfossils originally considered as “microproblematica” because of their uncertain biological affinities are, however, often present. These include species of Aeolisaccus, Gakhumella, Prethocoprolithus, Thaumatoporella, Favreina and Terebella. Observations of their vertical distribution and relationship with carbonate fabrics reveal their environmental preferences, and these contribute to palaeoenvironmental interpretation within a spectrum of very shallow-marine settings that previously precluded refinement. The recognition of high-frequency depositional cycles and definition of cryptic reservoir layering in such shallow to marginal-marine carbonates is now facilitated by the use of these microfossils from the Khuff, Hanifa, Jubaila, Arab and Hith formations.\u0000 Aeolisaccus dunningtoni is interpreted as either a fossilised cyanobacterial tube or possible foraminifera of Early Permian to Late Jurassic age. It is well represented within mudstones, wackestones and packstones of supratidal flats to very shallow intertidal palaeoenvironments with occasional freshwater influence. The microbialitic Gakhumella cf. huberi is locally present in these Upper Jurassic intertidal to very shallow-marine bioconstructions. Prethocoprolithus centripetalus is a faecal ribbon, considered to be of mollusk origin, within shallow subtidal grainstones and packstones. Thaumatoporella parvovesiculifera is considered a green alga that is typically found encrusting biocomponent fragments. It ranges from the Middle Triassic to Upper Cretaceous and is extensively present in intertidal, possibly hypersaline to shallow-marine, normal salinity lagoon grainstones and mud-lean packstones. Certain types of the distinctively canaliculate, microcoprolitic decapod crustacean faecal pellets, of the genus Favreina, are diagnostic of Late Jurassic intertidal to shallow subtidal conditions found within packstones. Terebella lapilloides is an agglutinated polychaete tube, typical of Upper Jurassic intertidal to shallow-marine packstones.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68185338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Juwayl Member of the Wajid Formation, which crops out in the Wajid region of southwest Saudi Arabia, and the Unayzah C and B members of the lower Unayzah Formation in the subsurface of eastern and central parts of the country are all demonstrably late Carboniferous to early Permian in age, based on palynological analysis. Comparative studies of these two stratal units confirm strong genetic similarities between them, suggesting stratigraphic equivalence between the lower part of the Juwayl Member and the Unayzah C member, and the upper part of the Juwayl Member and the Unayzah B member, respectively. The boundary between the lower and upper parts of the Juwayl was not specifically recognized in outcrop, being covered with thick deposits of modern desert sand. The lower Juwayl and the Unayzah C are both interpreted to have been deposited in large glacial valley systems. In the Unayzah C, subsurface isopach mapping suggests down-valley transport from the north, implying that at least some of the ice was situated in localized, upland (alpine) ice caps. Multiple phases of glacial advance and retreat occurred. Glacial outwash sands and gravels (representing retreat phases) were subsequently cannibalized and severely deformed by re-advancing ice and they are identified now only as relict deposits. Glaciotectonic deformation is manifest in the lower Juwayl at outcrop as high to low-angle thrust sheets, and throughout the subsurface numerous shear zones are recognized in the Unayzah C member, both in core as well as in downhole wireline log responses (spectral gamma-ray and image logs). The multiple phases of glacial advance and retreat produced push moraine nappe complexes within which wholesale explosive disruption and redistribution of the sediment is observed. This was a consequence of fluidization related to glacially-induced overpressuring. Potentially significant reservoir heterogeneity arises in the subsurface Unayzah C member in relation to the shear zones, by the creation of reservoir compartments of widely varying extent and with unknown but potentially very poor interconnectedness. The upper Juwayl Member is represented at the outcrop by pebbly sandstones and conglomerates that were laid down upon a braided fluvial, glacial outwash plain. These pass upwards into boulder-bearing siltstones (stratified diamictites) that were deposited in a glaciolacustrine setting. Similar depositional sequences are seen in the subsurface Unayzah B member in the western (basin-marginal) part of the study area. Locally, subsurface data from the Unayzah B in these western areas suggests sustained ice-contact conditions, interpreted as evidence for local sustained “alpine” ice caps throughout Unayzah B time. Farther east, the more basin-central deposits of the Unayzah B member comprise a wide variety of depositional facies, all of which are nonetheless attributed generally to a glaciolacustrine setting. These include: (1) minor ice-contact push moraine depos
{"title":"Advances in Arabian stratigraphy: Comparative studies of glaciogenic Juwayl and lower Unayzah strata (Carboniferous – Permian) of Saudi Arabia","authors":"J. Melvin, A. K. Norton","doi":"10.2113/geoarabia180197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia180197","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Juwayl Member of the Wajid Formation, which crops out in the Wajid region of southwest Saudi Arabia, and the Unayzah C and B members of the lower Unayzah Formation in the subsurface of eastern and central parts of the country are all demonstrably late Carboniferous to early Permian in age, based on palynological analysis. Comparative studies of these two stratal units confirm strong genetic similarities between them, suggesting stratigraphic equivalence between the lower part of the Juwayl Member and the Unayzah C member, and the upper part of the Juwayl Member and the Unayzah B member, respectively. The boundary between the lower and upper parts of the Juwayl was not specifically recognized in outcrop, being covered with thick deposits of modern desert sand. The lower Juwayl and the Unayzah C are both interpreted to have been deposited in large glacial valley systems. In the Unayzah C, subsurface isopach mapping suggests down-valley transport from the north, implying that at least some of the ice was situated in localized, upland (alpine) ice caps. Multiple phases of glacial advance and retreat occurred. Glacial outwash sands and gravels (representing retreat phases) were subsequently cannibalized and severely deformed by re-advancing ice and they are identified now only as relict deposits. Glaciotectonic deformation is manifest in the lower Juwayl at outcrop as high to low-angle thrust sheets, and throughout the subsurface numerous shear zones are recognized in the Unayzah C member, both in core as well as in downhole wireline log responses (spectral gamma-ray and image logs). The multiple phases of glacial advance and retreat produced push moraine nappe complexes within which wholesale explosive disruption and redistribution of the sediment is observed. This was a consequence of fluidization related to glacially-induced overpressuring. Potentially significant reservoir heterogeneity arises in the subsurface Unayzah C member in relation to the shear zones, by the creation of reservoir compartments of widely varying extent and with unknown but potentially very poor interconnectedness. The upper Juwayl Member is represented at the outcrop by pebbly sandstones and conglomerates that were laid down upon a braided fluvial, glacial outwash plain. These pass upwards into boulder-bearing siltstones (stratified diamictites) that were deposited in a glaciolacustrine setting. Similar depositional sequences are seen in the subsurface Unayzah B member in the western (basin-marginal) part of the study area. Locally, subsurface data from the Unayzah B in these western areas suggests sustained ice-contact conditions, interpreted as evidence for local sustained “alpine” ice caps throughout Unayzah B time. Farther east, the more basin-central deposits of the Unayzah B member comprise a wide variety of depositional facies, all of which are nonetheless attributed generally to a glaciolacustrine setting. These include: (1) minor ice-contact push moraine depos","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68184968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142775
G. Hughes
The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous, Oxfordian to Valanginian, lithostratigraphic succession of Saudi Arabia is divided into the Jurassic Shaqra Group and the Cretaceous Thamama Group, the boundary of which lies within the uppermost Tithonian. This interval includes at least five third-order sequence boundaries and maximum flooding zones. J60 and K40 are two regionally recognized sequence boundaries, and J50 and J100 represent two regionally established Jurassic maximum flooding surfaces. The Upper Jurassic succession includes shallow- to deep-marine carbonates of the Hanifa (Oxfordian) and Jubaila (Kimmeridgian) formations, and shallow-marine carbonates and evaporites of the Arab (Kimmeridgian) and Hith (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian) formations. The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous succession includes the shallow to moderately deep carbonates of the Sulaiy Formation (Tithonian to Berriasian) with the overlying Yamama Formation being of Cretaceous age (Valanginian). These formations were deposited in a period of increasing global temperature, during a transitional phase leading to greenhouse.
{"title":"Stratigraphic aspects of the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous of Saudi Arabia","authors":"G. Hughes","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142775","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous, Oxfordian to Valanginian, lithostratigraphic succession of Saudi Arabia is divided into the Jurassic Shaqra Group and the Cretaceous Thamama Group, the boundary of which lies within the uppermost Tithonian. This interval includes at least five third-order sequence boundaries and maximum flooding zones. J60 and K40 are two regionally recognized sequence boundaries, and J50 and J100 represent two regionally established Jurassic maximum flooding surfaces. The Upper Jurassic succession includes shallow- to deep-marine carbonates of the Hanifa (Oxfordian) and Jubaila (Kimmeridgian) formations, and shallow-marine carbonates and evaporites of the Arab (Kimmeridgian) and Hith (Kimmeridgian to Tithonian) formations. The Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous succession includes the shallow to moderately deep carbonates of the Sulaiy Formation (Tithonian to Berriasian) with the overlying Yamama Formation being of Cretaceous age (Valanginian). These formations were deposited in a period of increasing global temperature, during a transitional phase leading to greenhouse.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142804
B. Caline, C. Pabian-Goyheneche, J. Rolando, G. S. Miguel, M. Aurell, B. Bádenas, N. Grasseau, V. Martinez
The poster illustrates how an Upper Kimmeridgian analogue exposed in NE Spain has been used to characterise the internal heterogeneities of a low-angle carbonate ramp that includes the development of reef build-ups formed by colonial forms (corals, stromatoporoids), and microbial crusts with associated encrusting organisms. Results from this outcrop analogue have been applied for improving oil recovery from the Arab D reservoirs of a mature field in UAE. The well-exposed outcrops around the Jabaloyas village (Eastern Spain) have been used for detailed facies and sequence stratigraphic reconstructions within a 16–22 m thick series. These outcrops show strike and non-strike sections across a 12 km2 area (i.e. 4 x 3 km). Seventeen stratigraphic profiles were carried out to control vertical and lateral facies distribution. The facies follows an overall retrogradational-progradational trend with the development of low-energy peloidal-skeletal wackestone-packstone in the middle part of the sequence. Different types of grain-supported facies (ooidal, peloidal, intraclastic, skeletal) are found both in high-energy mid-ramp domains and inner ramp areas. The studied series is bounded by discontinuities that are traceable across a total of 17.5 km linear distance and encompasses coral-microbial build-ups 5 to 15 m high developed in mid-ramp setting during the stages of maximum accommodation gain. A total of 274 reefs have been mapped across the different reconstructed 2D transects. Most of them have pinnacle or conical geometry. Well-cemented discontinuity surfaces were used to identify four stages of sedimentary evolution, two of them including individual episode of reef growth. Some trends on the spatial density and on the fabric within each stage have been recorded. The overall distribution of the main facies were included in a full-field model (20 x 20 m grid increment) while the geometry, size and distribution of the reefs were better adjusted in sector models (1 x 1 m). These models assess the distribution of reservoir bodies and their connectivity. They are now used as a template for diagenesis modelling and constitute the geological input for simulation models.
海报说明了在西班牙东北部发现的上基默里吉统类似物是如何被用来描述低角度碳酸盐斜坡的内部非均质性的，其中包括由殖民地形式(珊瑚、叠层孔虫)和微生物结壳形成的礁体的发育。该露头模拟结果已用于提高阿联酋某成熟油田Arab D油藏的采收率。Jabaloyas村(西班牙东部)周围暴露良好的露头已被用于在16-22 m厚的系列内进行详细的相和层序地层重建。这些露头显示了12平方公里面积(即4 × 3公里)的走向和非走向剖面。为了控制垂向和横向相分布，进行了17条地层剖面的研究。层序中部发育低能盆状-骨状尾岩-包覆岩，整体呈退积-进积趋势。在高能量的中斜坡区域和内斜坡区域均发现了不同类型的颗粒支撑相(卵状、盂状、碎屑内、骨架状)。所研究的系列以不连续为界，这些不连续可追溯至17.5公里的线性距离，包括在最大调节增益阶段在中斜坡环境中发育的5至15米高的珊瑚微生物堆积。总共有274个珊瑚礁被绘制在不同的重建二维样带上。它们大多具有尖顶或锥形的几何形状。利用胶结良好的不连续面确定了四个沉积演化阶段，其中两个阶段包括个别的礁体生长阶段。在每个阶段记录了空间密度和织物的一些趋势。主要相的整体分布包含在一个全域模型中(20 x 20 m网格增量)，而礁体的几何形状、大小和分布在扇形模型中(1 x 1 m)得到了更好的调整。这些模型评估了储层体的分布及其连通性。它们现在被用作成岩建模的模板，并构成模拟模型的地质输入。
{"title":"Use of surface analogue for 3-D geological modelling of the Arab D reservoirs - example from Jabaloyas outcrops (Eastern Spain)","authors":"B. Caline, C. Pabian-Goyheneche, J. Rolando, G. S. Miguel, M. Aurell, B. Bádenas, N. Grasseau, V. Martinez","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142804","url":null,"abstract":"The poster illustrates how an Upper Kimmeridgian analogue exposed in NE Spain has been used to characterise the internal heterogeneities of a low-angle carbonate ramp that includes the development of reef build-ups formed by colonial forms (corals, stromatoporoids), and microbial crusts with associated encrusting organisms. Results from this outcrop analogue have been applied for improving oil recovery from the Arab D reservoirs of a mature field in UAE. The well-exposed outcrops around the Jabaloyas village (Eastern Spain) have been used for detailed facies and sequence stratigraphic reconstructions within a 16–22 m thick series. These outcrops show strike and non-strike sections across a 12 km2 area (i.e. 4 x 3 km). Seventeen stratigraphic profiles were carried out to control vertical and lateral facies distribution. The facies follows an overall retrogradational-progradational trend with the development of low-energy peloidal-skeletal wackestone-packstone in the middle part of the sequence. Different types of grain-supported facies (ooidal, peloidal, intraclastic, skeletal) are found both in high-energy mid-ramp domains and inner ramp areas. The studied series is bounded by discontinuities that are traceable across a total of 17.5 km linear distance and encompasses coral-microbial build-ups 5 to 15 m high developed in mid-ramp setting during the stages of maximum accommodation gain. A total of 274 reefs have been mapped across the different reconstructed 2D transects. Most of them have pinnacle or conical geometry. Well-cemented discontinuity surfaces were used to identify four stages of sedimentary evolution, two of them including individual episode of reef growth. Some trends on the spatial density and on the fabric within each stage have been recorded. The overall distribution of the main facies were included in a full-field model (20 x 20 m grid increment) while the geometry, size and distribution of the reefs were better adjusted in sector models (1 x 1 m). These models assess the distribution of reservoir bodies and their connectivity. They are now used as a template for diagenesis modelling and constitute the geological input for simulation models.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142781
C. Kendall
Detailed sequence stratigraphic framework shows distribution of evolving sedimentary facies on varying spatial and temporal scales and provides an understanding of the chronostratigraphy, tectonics, climate, palaeogeography, depositional systems and diagenetic trends and petroleum systems of the region and identifies potential exploration plays. Framework is subdivided by surfaces that are the product of local low frequency tectonic movement, associated with Wilson's cycles of tectonic plate motion; further subdivided by surfaces formed during higher frequency eustatic changes in sea level and varying rates of sediment accumulation. Jurassic fields are in shallow water carbonate and evaporite sediments in Saudi Arabia Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE and Yemen associated with high rates of organic production that accumulated in the arid rain shadow of the lea shores of the equatorial seaway flanking the eastern margin of Gondwanaland and the consequent restricted basins were confined behind structural and/or depositional barriers that formed over Hercynian structural highs. The Jurassic section common shallow water carbonate play elements are tied to platform evaporite depositional settings that are comprised of sabkha, salina, and mudflats; and subaqueous salterns; and shallow or deep basin center evaporite plays.
{"title":"Regional framework and controls on Jurassic evaporite and carbonate systems of the Arabian Plate","authors":"C. Kendall","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142781","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed sequence stratigraphic framework shows distribution of evolving sedimentary facies on varying spatial and temporal scales and provides an understanding of the chronostratigraphy, tectonics, climate, palaeogeography, depositional systems and diagenetic trends and petroleum systems of the region and identifies potential exploration plays. Framework is subdivided by surfaces that are the product of local low frequency tectonic movement, associated with Wilson's cycles of tectonic plate motion; further subdivided by surfaces formed during higher frequency eustatic changes in sea level and varying rates of sediment accumulation. Jurassic fields are in shallow water carbonate and evaporite sediments in Saudi Arabia Kuwait, Qatar, the UAE and Yemen associated with high rates of organic production that accumulated in the arid rain shadow of the lea shores of the equatorial seaway flanking the eastern margin of Gondwanaland and the consequent restricted basins were confined behind structural and/or depositional barriers that formed over Hercynian structural highs. The Jurassic section common shallow water carbonate play elements are tied to platform evaporite depositional settings that are comprised of sabkha, salina, and mudflats; and subaqueous salterns; and shallow or deep basin center evaporite plays.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142793
K. Garrick, G. Al-Jefri, H. Al-Menhali, I. Al-Tamimi
Correlation and prediction of reservoir quality variability/heterogeneity within shallow carbonate ramp deposits of the Arab Formation in an Abu Dhabi offshore field has previously proved challenging. This study, commissioned by ADMA-OPCO, presents the results of integrated sedimentology and reservoir quality assessment of the A to D members of the Arab Formation.
{"title":"Integrated core and log-based approach to enhancing the understanding of reservoir distribution within the Arab Formation, Abu Dhabi: Constraining the future reservoir model build","authors":"K. Garrick, G. Al-Jefri, H. Al-Menhali, I. Al-Tamimi","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142793","url":null,"abstract":"Correlation and prediction of reservoir quality variability/heterogeneity within shallow carbonate ramp\u0000deposits of the Arab Formation in an Abu Dhabi offshore field has previously proved challenging. This\u0000study, commissioned by ADMA-OPCO, presents the results of integrated sedimentology and reservoir\u0000quality assessment of the A to D members of the Arab Formation.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142794
H. Al-Ansi, M. Al-Wehaibi, R. Stanley
The Upper Jurassic Arab-C Reservoir in the Dukhan Field is the product of a stable epicontinental shelf subjected to continuous relative sea-level variations, with the preserved sediments representing a complex of syndepositional carbonate lithologies and textures deposited in subtidal, intertidal and sabkha environments. Though the depositional units are spatially correlated within a sequencestratigraphic context, petrophysical observations do not conform to the primary depositional fabric, and a cross-cutting relationship is observed.
{"title":"Characterizing the relationship between petrophysical trends and diagenetic cementation patterns: A case study from a carbonate Arab Reservoir in the Dukhan Field, State of Qatar","authors":"H. Al-Ansi, M. Al-Wehaibi, R. Stanley","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142794","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Jurassic Arab-C Reservoir in the Dukhan Field is the product of a stable epicontinental\u0000shelf subjected to continuous relative sea-level variations, with the preserved sediments representing\u0000a complex of syndepositional carbonate lithologies and textures deposited in subtidal, intertidal\u0000and sabkha environments. Though the depositional units are spatially correlated within a sequencestratigraphic\u0000context, petrophysical observations do not conform to the primary depositional fabric,\u0000and a cross-cutting relationship is observed.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3997/2214-4609.20142794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70193097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142782
H. Droste
A new stratigraphic model for the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous has been constructed for the eastern Arabian plate based on well correlations calibrated with seismic.
在地震校正井对比的基础上，建立了阿拉伯板块东部上侏罗统—下白垩统新的地层模型。
{"title":"Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous stratigraphic model for the eastern Arabian Plate","authors":"H. Droste","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142782","url":null,"abstract":"A new stratigraphic model for the Upper Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous has been constructed for the eastern Arabian plate based on well correlations calibrated with seismic.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-09DOI: 10.3997/2214-4609.20142802
M. Poppelreiter, W. Kolkmann, H. Hordijk, M. Stevanovich
Development of predictive geological rules is vital for successful exploration and development. The “sweet spotting” concept is widely used to predict areas with better-than-average porosity and permeability. However the definition of sweet spots in unconventional plays is still an emerging concept. Empirical observations from a decade of unconventional development in North America suggest better-than-average production is governed by a combination of favorable matrix permeability, presence of natural fractures and source-rock richness and maturity.
{"title":"Regional settings and characteristics of an Oxfordian hot shale","authors":"M. Poppelreiter, W. Kolkmann, H. Hordijk, M. Stevanovich","doi":"10.3997/2214-4609.20142802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20142802","url":null,"abstract":"Development of predictive geological rules is vital for successful exploration and development.\u0000The “sweet spotting” concept is widely used to predict areas with better-than-average porosity and\u0000permeability. However the definition of sweet spots in unconventional plays is still an emerging\u0000concept. Empirical observations from a decade of unconventional development in North America\u0000suggest better-than-average production is governed by a combination of favorable matrix permeability,\u0000presence of natural fractures and source-rock richness and maturity.","PeriodicalId":55118,"journal":{"name":"Geoarabia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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