Forest Pathology最新文献

The specific proteins from Japanese birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica plantlet No. 8) callus infected with a canker-rot fungus Inonotus obliquus strain IO-U1 (NBRC 113406) at the early infection stage were identified using proteome analysis. The intact, wounded, and infected calli were prepared, and the protein samples obtained at 2 days post-treatments were subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) for detecting infection-specific proteins. The infection-specific proteins were then analysed using LC/MS/MS, and the obtained data were subjected to the NCBIprot database for identifying the proteins based on homologous sequences search. A total of 134 protein spots on the 2-DE gel were detected as infection-specific proteins. Of these spots, 10 highly expressed proteins were identified as protochlorophyllide reductase chloroplastic (spot ID 1564), enolase (spot ID 368), mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit alpha-like (spot ID 441), mitochondrial-processing peptidase subunit alpha isoform B (spot ID 1578), T-complex protein 1 subunit eta (spot ID 356), glutathione S-transferase-like protein (spot ID 1121), glutathione S-transferase-like protein, partial (spot ID 1527), protein WALLS ARE THIN 1-like (spot ID 1444), and 1 Sc-3 (spot IDs 1290 and 1322). The obtained results suggest that Japanese birch callus is capable of inducing several proteins related to photosynthesis, energy production, protein import machinery in mitochondria, protein folding, detoxification, secondary cell wall formation, and PR-10 protein at the early infection stage as responses to defend itself against I. obliquus strain IO-U1 infection.

Çakar D., Şimşek S. A., Yiğit B., Maden S. (2025), Impact of Needle Blight on Stone Pine Decline in Recently Planted Trees in Nallıhan District of Türkiye, Forest Pathology 55 (5): e70042. https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.70042

In the Abstract section, “the three fungi recovered; H. spartii, S. polyspora and V. sordida caused symptoms when inoculated onto healthy needles of P. pinea.” was incorrect. This should have read: The three fungi recovered; Heterotruncatella spartii, Sydowia polyspora and Valsa sordida caused symptoms when inoculated onto healthy needles of Pinus pinea.”

In the original version of this article, in paragraph 12 of the “Materials and Methods” section, the sentence “Many of the necrotic needles also hosted specimens of the Pine needle scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae), and samples were taken to confirm the presence of Pine needle scale” incorrectly included the scientific name.

This should have read: “Many of the necrotic needles also hosted specimens of the Pine needle scale, and samples were taken to confirm the presence of Pine needle scale.”

In Figure 1 the caption, “General blight symptoms on the lower parts of stone pine trees (a); needles showing various necrotic spots and infested by pine needle scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae) (b); necrotic spots caused by Heterotruncatella spartii on the needles (c).” was incorrect.

This should have read: “General blight symptoms on the lower parts of stone pine trees (a); needles showing various necrotic spots and infested by pine needle scale (b); necrotic spots caused by Heterotruncatella spartii on the needles (c).”

In paragraph 12 of the “Occurrence of Needle Blight” section, the text “The presence of pine needle scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae Fitch) was observed on almost all needles, especially on their parts near the needle sheaths (Figure 1b).” was incorrect.

This should have read: “The presence of pine needle scale was observed on almost all needles, especially on their parts near the needle sheaths (Figure 1b).”

In paragraph 93 of the “Discussion” section, the text “Although it was not found on all the necrotic needles, the pine needle scale (Chionaspis pinifoliae) might not only reduce the vigour of the trees but also facilitate the infection of the fungi by producing wounds.” was incorrect.

This should have read: “Although it was not found on all the necrotic needles, the pine needle scale might not only reduce the vigour of the trees but also facilitate the infection of the fungi by producing wounds.”

We apologize for these errors.

Pueraria montana (syn. P. lobata) is native to East Asia but has become an invasive species in North America and Europe, where it causes considerable ecological and economic disruption. Leaf blight symptoms have been observed on P. montana during the humid summer and early fall across multiple regions in Korea. Fungal isolates from symptomatic leaves were identified as belonging to the genus Marasmius through both morphological examination and molecular analysis. Artificial inoculation tests confirmed the pathogenicity of the isolates. This study is the first record of a Marasmius sp. causing leaf blight on P. montana in Korea. Also, we provided detailed documentation of disease symptoms and the morphological and molecular characteristics of the pathogen.

Some mycoviruses cause hypovirulence in fungi, but the effects often vary among different host strains. Heterobasidion partitiviruses 13-an1 and 15-pa1 (HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1) have been associated with strain-specific and variable hypovirulence of Heterobasidion annosum, but variation in phenotypic effects of HetPV15-pa1 or the coinfection of these viruses on different host strains has not been studied previously. In this investigation, the effects of single and double partitivirus infections were first studied using six Finnish H. annosum strains on malt agar plates (MEA). Secondly, the effects of single and double partitivirus infections on the growth rate of four H. annosum strains were tested outdoors using Scots pine billets as a natural substrate. Against our expectations, on MEA plates, the single or double partitivirus infections of HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 did not have significant effects on three of the fungal strains studied and they slightly accelerated the growth rate of three host strains. In the billet experiment, the double partitivirus-infected strains were more often assorted to the fastest growing group than virus-free controls. Based on these results, HetPV13-an1 and HetPV15-pa1 do not debilitate the tested H. annosum strains on agar plates or dead wood but may even slightly increase the growth rate of the mycelium on artificial medium and in non-competitive growth conditions in dead pine wood.

Serpula himantioides is a widely distributed wood rot fungus that causes heart rot in various tree species. In Japan, heart rot due to S. himantioides occurs in Chamaecyparis pisifera; however, changes in the wood fungal community composition accompanying the progression of heart rot in living trees remain unclear. In this study, we clarified the changes in the fungal community composition of heartwood as heart rot progresses by performing an amplicon sequence analysis using DNA samples collected from living C. pisifera trees with heart rot caused by S. himantioides. Additionally, the mode of decay progression was characterised according to non-hierarchical clustering. The composition of S. himantioides sometimes reached extreme levels as heartwood decayed. This result is consistent with the findings of a previous study on heartwood decay in broad-leaved tree logs. However, there was no clear relationship between fungal diversity and the decrease in wood density, which was inconsistent with the results of a previous study on logs. Thus, this inconsistency may be influenced by the highly selective environment within heartwood. A clustering analysis grouped samples into four clusters, and the trophic modes and wood saprotroph decay types of indicator operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which characterised each cluster, changed during the decay process. The indicator OTUs and environmental variables for each cluster revealed that the four clusters corresponded to the pre-decay and incipient, intermediate and advanced decay stages. The study findings may be useful for further elucidating the decay of living trees infected by wood rot fungi.