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Association between infection with Toxoplasma gondii and psychiatric disorders. 刚地弓形虫感染与精神疾病的关系。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2022.008
A. Maisarah, Suharni Mohamad, Maruzairi Husain, Sarimah Abdullah, R. Noordin
Toxoplasmosis is one of the world's most prevalent zoonoses. The causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908) is a facultative heteroxenic, polyxenic apicomplexan protist. There are several potential pathways of transmission within and between host species. Most infections with T. gondii result from close contact with pets/cats, ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat of infected animals, and oocysts from food or water contaminated by feline faeces. Recently, epidemiological studies have shown that T. gondii infection plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of several psychiatric disorders. This report reviews the association between T. gondii infection and patients with psychiatric disorders, particularly schizophrenia, depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.
弓形虫病是世界上最流行的人畜共患病之一。病原体,刚地弓形虫(Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908)是一种兼性异源、多源的顶复合体原生生物。在宿主物种内部和物种之间有几种潜在的传播途径。大多数弓形虫感染是由于与宠物/猫密切接触、食用受感染动物未煮熟的肉中的组织囊肿,以及从被猫粪便污染的食物或水中获得卵囊造成的。近年来,流行病学研究表明,弓形虫感染在多种精神疾病的发病机制中起着突出作用。本报告综述了弓形虫感染与精神疾病,特别是精神分裂症、抑郁症和双相情感障碍患者之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Further data on the distribution of Dirofilaria spp. in the Czech Republic in dogs. 关于Dirofilaria spp.在捷克共和国狗中分布的进一步数据。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-03-31 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2022.007
J. Juránková, Barbora Šenkyříková Mitková, Marcela Novotná, L. Hofmannová, B. Červená, D. Bowman, D. Modrý
Based on previously published data, the Czech Republic is regarded an endemic country of the onchocercid nematodes Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) and Dirofilaria repens Railliet et Henry, 1911. Nevertheless, while cases of D. repens are commonly reported from dogs in South Moravia, no recent records of D. immitis are available. Therefore, the present study was performed to clarify the occurrence of both species of Dirofilaria Railliet et Henry, 1910. Blood samples of 551 dogs sampled during 2015 and 2016 were analysed microscopically for presence of microfilariae and blood sera were examined by IDEXX SNAP® 4Dx® test (IDEXX, USA). DNA from blood of microscopically positive dogs was extracted and PCR protocol amplifying fragment of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene was performed; PCR products were then sequenced. All dogs from the Bohemian part of the Czech Republic were negative. The prevalence of D. repens in the Moravian region was 5.7 % (27/476). BLAST analyses of obtained sequences confirmed the presence of D. repens (99-100% identical to KX265049). All sampled animals showed a negative result for D. immitis antigen in IDEXX SNAP® 4Dx® test. Our study confirmed the previously reported occurrence of D. repens in South Moravia and revealed its spreading from the epicentre to the north and west. PCR with subsequent sequencing together with negative results for D. immitis antigen in IDEXX SNAP® 4Dx® test revealed only D. repens infection. A previously published autochthonous infection of dogs with D. immitis in South Moravia was not confirmed.
根据先前公布的数据,捷克共和国被认为是盘尾丝虫病的流行国家(Leidy, 1856)和repens Dirofilaria Railliet et Henry, 1911)。然而,虽然在南摩拉维亚经常报告狗感染repens的病例,但没有最近的immitis记录。因此,本研究旨在阐明两种Dirofilaria Railliet et Henry, 1910的发生情况。对2015年和2016年采集的551只狗的血样进行显微分析,检测微丝蚴的存在,并采用IDEXX SNAP®4Dx®检测(IDEXX, USA)检测血清。从镜检阳性犬血液中提取DNA,进行细胞色素c氧化酶I (COI)基因PCR扩增;然后对PCR产物进行测序。所有来自捷克共和国波西米亚地区的狗都是阴性的。在摩拉维亚地区流行率为5.7%(27/476)。BLAST分析获得的序列证实了D. repens的存在(与KX265049相同99-100%)。所有动物在IDEXX SNAP®4Dx®检测中均显示D. imimtis抗原阴性。我们的研究证实了先前报道的在南摩拉维亚发生的D. repens,并揭示了其从震中向北部和西部蔓延。随后的PCR测序以及IDEXX SNAP®4Dx®检测中D. immitis抗原阴性结果显示只有D. repens感染。先前在南摩拉维亚发表的犬类原生感染阿米特弓形虫病未得到证实。
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引用次数: 1
Intraspecific morphological variation in myxosporeans: high pleomorphic myxospores in the same plasmodium of Myxobolus drjagini (Akhmerov, 1954). 黏液孢子属的种内形态变异:黏液孢子在黏液孢子属同一疟原虫中的高度多形性(Akhmerov, 1954)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-02-16 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2022.006
Yang Liu, Jiayun Yao, X. Yao, Kaijie Zhang, Qing-peng Wang, Xiaoyi Pan, Jin-Yuan Zhang
The taxonomy of myxosporeans was traditionally dependent solely upon the spore morphological and morphometric data. Intensive reports of intraspecific morphological variation, however, are increasingly challenging the taxonomic approaches for myxosporeans. In the present work, the morphological pleomorphism of myxospores of Myxobolus drjagini (Akhmerov, 1954) was observed. More interestingly, all of these pleomorphic myxospores occurred in the same plasmodium of M. drjagini, which refutes the previous hypothesis that morphological variation of M. drjagini was derived from its responses to differences in nutrition and immunological responses associated with different host tissues. Bearing the intraspecific morphometric and morphotype variation in mind, the combination of morphological, ecological and molecular data should be applied to the species identification and delimitation for myxosporeans. This is the first reported myxobolid species with high pleomorphic myxospores which are present in the same plasmodium.
粘孢子菌的分类传统上仅依赖于孢子形态学和形态计量学数据。然而,关于种内形态变异的大量报道对粘孢子虫的分类方法提出了越来越大的挑战。本研究对Myxobolus drjagini (Akhmerov, 1954)粘液孢子的形态多形性进行了观察。更有趣的是,所有这些多面性黏液孢子都出现在m.d rjagini的同一疟原虫中,这驳斥了先前的假设,即m.d rjagini的形态变化源于其对不同宿主组织的营养差异和免疫反应的反应。考虑到种内形态学和形态型的差异,应结合形态学、生态学和分子学数据进行粘孢子虫的物种鉴定和划界。这是首次报道在同一疟原虫中具有高度多形性黏液孢子的黏液固体种。
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引用次数: 3
Detection and molecular characterisation of intestinal parasites in the South China tiger Panthera tigris amoyensis (Hilzheimer). 华南虎(Panthera tigris amoyensis, Hilzheimer)肠道寄生虫的检测与分子特征分析。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-12-31 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.029
Hung-Chuan Chiu, Kewei Fan, Xiaoshuang Sun, Kaixiong Lin, Tengteng Chen, Fei Yang, Yunfei Qiu, Dongxia Wei, Cuiqin Huang

Parasitic infections of the South China tigers in the Meihua Mountains have not been explored previously. Faeces of 22 South China tigers from the China Tiger Park in the Meihua Mountains were examined. Eggs of ascaridoid nematodes and oocysts of coccidia were detected by Mini-FLOTAC assay. Morphological observation and molecular characterisation of the oocysts were carried out. The prevalence of Toxascaris leonina (von Linstow, 1902) was 18% (4/22), and the highest egg per gram (EPG) count in the faeces was 27,150. The prevalence of Cystoisospora sp. was 45% (1 0/22) and the highest oocysts per gram (OPG) in the faeces was 6,000. In addition, we found one ascaridoid nematode in the South China tiger's faeces and was molecularly and morphologically identified as T. leonina. The oocysts in the faeces were sporulated in vitro and identified as Cystoisospora sp. Amplification of full-length internal transcribed spacers (ITS) resulted in sequences 1,622 bp long. Using the sequences, Cystoisospora sp. of the South China tiger was closest to Isospora belli (Wenyon, 1923) and Cystoisospora suis (Biester, 1934).

梅花山华南虎寄生虫感染的研究尚未见报道。对梅花山中国虎园22只华南虎的粪便进行了检测。采用Mini-FLOTAC法对蛔虫卵和球虫卵囊进行检测。对卵囊进行了形态学观察和分子特征分析。里昂弓形虫(von Linstow, 1902)的流行率为18%(4/22),粪便中最高每克卵数为27,150个。囊异孢子虫感染率为45%(1 /22),粪便中最高卵囊数为6000个/克。此外,我们还在华南虎粪便中发现了一种蛔虫,经分子和形态学鉴定为T. leonina。对粪卵囊进行体外产孢,鉴定为Cystoisospora sp.全长内转录间隔段(ITS)扩增,序列长1,622 bp。利用该序列,华南虎的囊异孢子虫属与belli Isospora (Wenyon, 1923)和suis Cystoisospora (Biester, 1934)最接近。
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引用次数: 2
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection from water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in northeastern and southern Thailand. 泰国东北部和南部水牛(Bubalus bubalis)刚地弓形虫感染的血清流行率。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-12-30 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.028
Tawin Inpankaew, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Burin Nimsuphan, Chanya Kengradomkij, Ketsarin Kamyingkird, Wissanuwat Chimnoi, Boy Boonaue, Xuenan Xuan

Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease resulting from infection with the apicomplexan Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908), one of the world's most common parasites in warm-blooded animals, including humans. Sources of infection can be exposed to infected cat faeces, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, and notably, the consumption of undercooked contaminated meat of intermediate hosts. In Thailand, water buffaloes are highly valued for rice cultivation, traditional culture and meat production. Like several other mammalian species, these animals play a role as reservoirs of T. gondii, thus representing a threat to human health. The seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in swamp buffaloes was examined in southern and northeastern Thailand. In total, serum samples of 721 water buffaloes were collected from seven provinces (Ubon Ratchathani, Roi Et, Si Sa Ket, Surin, Buri Ram, Sakon Nakhon, and Songkhla) and examined for the presence of T. gondii infection using commercial latex agglutination test kits (TOXOCHECK-MT, Eiken Chemical Co., Tokyo, Japan). Of the 721 animals analysed, 49 (6.8%) were positive for T. gondii. Songkhla province had the highest seroprevalence (14.7%) among the seven provinces covered in this survey. There was a potential risk to local citizens of T. gondii infection identified by the present study, notably in northeastern Thailand, where despite lower seroprevalence consuming raw buffalo meat salad should be restricted to avoid the risk of zoonotic infections.

弓形虫病是一种由弓形虫感染引起的寄生虫病(Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908),弓形虫是世界上包括人类在内的温血动物中最常见的寄生虫之一。感染源可暴露于受感染的猫粪便,怀孕期间母婴传播,特别是食用中间宿主未煮熟的受污染肉类。在泰国,水牛在水稻种植、传统文化和肉类生产中具有很高的价值。与其他几种哺乳动物一样,这些动物是弓形虫的宿主,因此对人类健康构成威胁。对泰国南部和东北部沼泽水牛中弓形虫感染的血清流行率进行了检测。总共从7个省(乌汶拉查他尼省、罗埃特省、泗沙开省、素林省、武里拉姆省、萨贡那空省和松卡省)收集了721头水牛的血清样本,并使用商业乳胶凝集检测试剂盒(TOXOCHECK-MT, Eiken Chemical Co.,日本东京)检测了弓形虫感染的存在。在分析的721只动物中,49只(6.8%)呈弓形虫阳性。在本次调查覆盖的7个省份中,宋卡省的血清患病率最高(14.7%)。本研究发现,当地居民存在弓形虫感染的潜在风险,特别是在泰国东北部,尽管该地区血清阳性率较低,但应限制食用生水牛肉沙拉,以避免人畜共患感染的风险。
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引用次数: 3
Novel distribution records and molecular data for species of Macrogyrodactylus Malmberg, 1957 (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) (Siluriformes: Clariidae) in southern Africa. 非洲南部Clarias gariepinus (siluriforma: Clariidae) 1957年新分布记录及分子资料(单属:Gyrodactylidae)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.027
Marliese Truter, Aline A Acosta, Olaf L F Weyl, Nico J Smit

The viviparous gyrodactylid genus Macrogyrodactylus Malmberg, 1957 is endemic to Africa, composed of nine species from hosts of four freshwater fish families, including catfishes (Siluriformes: Clariidae). Three species, Macrogyrodactylus clarii Gussev, 1961; M. congolensis (Prudhoe, 1957) and M. karibae Douëllou et Chishawa, 1995, are primarily known to parasitise the African sharptooth catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell) in various African countries. From November 2017 to September 2019, a total of 184 individuals of C. gariepinus were collected from selected localities in southern Africa and their skin, fins and gills were surveyed for monogeneans. Three species of Macrogyrodactylus (M. clarii, M. congolensis and M. karibae) were found parasitising C. gariepinus from five localities in South Africa and Zambia. Overall prevalence was 50% to 100% with intensities of up to 109 parasites per host individual. New locality records in southern Africa, morphological observations and additional molecular data on the complete Internal Transcriber Spacer (ITS-1-5.8S-ITS-2) regions of the rDNA gene for the three gyrodactylid species are presented in this study.

Macrogyrodactylus Malmberg, 1957,是非洲特有的胎生gyrodactylus属,由4个淡水鱼科的9种组成,包括鲶鱼(siluriforma: Clariidae)。三种,Macrogyrodactylus clarii Gussev, 1961;M. congolensis (Prudhoe, 1957)和M. karibae Douëllou et Chishawa, 1995,主要寄生于非洲许多国家的非洲尖牙鲶鱼Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)。2017年11月至2019年9月,在非洲南部选定地点共采集了184只加里平棘鱼,并对其皮肤、鳍和鳃进行了单系调查。在南非和赞比亚的5个地区发现了3种寄生于加里平蝇的大螺线蝇(M. clarii, M. congolensis和M. karibae)。总体流行率为50%至100%,每个宿主个体的寄生虫密度高达109。本文报道了非洲南部三种旋虫的新地点记录、形态学观察和rDNA全区(ITS-1-5.8S-ITS-2)的额外分子数据。
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引用次数: 1
Soluble total antigen derived from Toxoplasma gondii RH strain prevents apoptosis, but induces anti-apoptosis in human monocyte cell line. 刚地弓形虫RH株可溶性总抗原可抑制细胞凋亡,但可诱导单核细胞抗凋亡。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-23 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.026
Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi, Sara Nemati, Helia Alavifard, Kaveh Baghaei, Hamed Mirjalali, Mohammad Reza Zali

Apoptosis plays crucial role in the pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis, as it limits further development of the disease. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of different concentrations of soluble total antigen (STAg) of Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908) on the apoptotic and anti-apoptotic pathways. PMA-activated THP-1 cell line was sensed by T. gondii STAg and the expression patterns of caspase-3, -7, -8, -9, Bax, Bcl-2, and Mcl-1 genes were evaluated. The results showed statistically significant concentration-dependent overexpression of both Bcl-2 (P-value < 0.0001) and Mcl-1 (P-value = 0.0147). The cas-7 showed overexpression in all concentrations (P-value < 0.0001). The cas-3 was suppressed in concentrations 100, 80, and 40 µg, but statistically significant downregulated in concentrations 10 and 20 µg. The Bax was suppressed in concentrations 100 to 20 µg, while it slightly downregulated 1.42 fold (P-value = 0.0029) in concentration 10 µg. The expression of cas-8 and -9 was suppressed in all concentrations. Our results indicated that T. gondii STAg downregulated and suppressed apoptotic and upregulated anti-apoptotic pathways. The upregulation of cas-7 in this study may indicate the role of T. gondii STAg in activation of inflammatory responses.

细胞凋亡在弓形虫病的发病机制中起着至关重要的作用,因为它限制了疾病的进一步发展。本研究旨在探讨不同浓度的刚地弓形虫可溶性总抗原(STAg) (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908)对细胞凋亡和抗凋亡通路的影响。用弓形虫STAg检测pma激活的THP-1细胞株,检测caspase-3、-7、-8、-9、Bax、Bcl-2和Mcl-1基因的表达谱。结果显示Bcl-2和Mcl-1均呈浓度依赖性过表达(p值< 0.0001),具有统计学意义(p值= 0.0147)。cas7在所有浓度下均呈过表达(p值< 0.0001)。cas3在浓度为100、80和40µg时被抑制,但在浓度为10和20µg时被下调,具有统计学意义。Bax在100 ~ 20µg浓度下被抑制,而在10µg浓度下则轻微下调1.42倍(p值= 0.0029)。在所有浓度下,cas8和-9的表达均被抑制。结果表明,弓形虫STAg下调和抑制细胞凋亡通路,上调抗凋亡通路。本研究中cas7的上调可能提示弓形虫STAg在炎症反应激活中的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Detection of tick-borne pathogens in wild birds and their ticks in Western Siberia and high level of their mismatch. 西伯利亚西部野生鸟类及其蜱中蜱传病原体的检测及其高水平失配。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.024
Igor G Korobitsyn, Nina S Moskvitina, Oleg Yu Tyutenkov, Sergey I Gashkov, Yulia V Kononova, Sergey S Moskvitin, Vladimir N Romanenko, Tamara P Mikryukova, Elena V Protopopova, Mikhail Yu Kartashov, Eugene V Chausov, Svetlana N Konovalova, Natalia L Tupota, Alexandra O Sementsova, Vladimir A Ternovoi, Valery B Loktev

The Tomsk region located in the south of Western Siberia is one of the most high-risk areas for tick-borne diseases due to elevated incidence of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme disease in humans. Wild birds may be considered as one of the reservoirs for tick-borne pathogens and hosts for infected ticks. A high mobility of wild birds leads to unpredictable possibilities for the dissemination of tick-borne pathogens into new geographical regions. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in wild birds and ticks that feed on them as well as to determine the role of different species of birds in maintaining the tick-borne infectious foci. We analysed the samples of 443 wild birds (60 species) and 378 ticks belonging to the genus Ixodes Latraille, 1795 collected from the wild birds, for detecting occurrence of eight tick-borne pathogens, the namely tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), and species of Borrelia, Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Bartonella and Babesia Starcovici, 1893, using RT-PCR/or PCR and enzyme immunoassay. One or more tick-borne infection markers were detected in 43 species of birds. All markers were detected in samples collected from fieldfare Turdus pilaris Linnaeus, Blyth's reed warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth, common redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus (Linnaeus), and common chaffinch Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus. Although all pathogens have been identified in birds and ticks, we found that in the majority of cases (75.5 %), there were mismatches of pathogens in birds and ticks collected from them. Wild birds and their ticks may play an extremely important role in the dissemination of tick-borne pathogens into different geographical regions.

位于西西伯利亚南部的托木斯克地区是蜱传疾病的高风险地区之一,因为人类中蜱传脑炎和莱姆病的发病率升高。野生鸟类可被认为是蜱传病原体的宿主之一,也是受感染蜱的宿主之一。野生鸟类的高度流动性导致蜱传病原体向新的地理区域传播的不可预测的可能性。本研究的主要目的是评估蜱传病原体在野生鸟类和以其为食的蜱中的流行情况,并确定不同种类的鸟类在维持蜱传感染疫源地中的作用。采用RT-PCR/ PCR和酶免疫分析法,对采集的野生鸟类443只(60种)和野蜱378只(1795只)进行蜱传病原体检测,分别为蜱传脑炎病毒(TBEV)、西尼罗病毒(WNV)和疏螺旋体、立克次体、埃利希体、无形体、巴尔通体和巴贝虫(1893年)。在43种鸟类中检测到一种或多种蜱传感染标志物。所有标记物均在野外鸟Turdus pilaris Linnaeus、布氏苇莺Acrocephalus dumetorum Blyth、普通红尾鸲Phoenicurus Phoenicurus (Linnaeus)和普通苍头燕雀Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus中检测到。虽然在鸟类和蜱中已鉴定出所有病原体,但我们发现在大多数情况下(75.5%),从鸟类和蜱中采集的病原体存在不匹配。野生鸟类及其蜱虫可能在蜱传病原体在不同地理区域的传播中起着极其重要的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Description of Tresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen. et sp. n. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae), from the gills of the bulldog, Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters) from Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. 来自津巴布韦卡里巴湖的Marcusenius macrolepidotus(Peters)斗牛犬鳃的Tresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen.et sp.n的描述(单基因门:Gyrodactylidae)。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-11-16 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.025
Iva Prikrylova, Maxwell Barson, Andrew P Shinn

The African continent has a rich diversity of fish and amphibians in its inland water systems that serve as hosts for monogeneans of seven genera of the Gyrodactylidae van Beneden et Hesse, 1832. In August 2011, eight gyrodactylid parasites were collected from the gills of two specimens of bulldog, Marcusenius macrolepidotus (Peters), from Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. Morphometric evaluation and sequencing of 18S rDNA confirmed that the specimens represented a species of a new viviparous genus, Tresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen. et sp. n. The attachment apparatus consists of a single pair of large slender hamuli with prominently flattened roots that are connected by a simple, narrow dorsal bar. The ventral bar is small and possesses a thin lingulate membrane but no evident anterolateral processes. There are 16 marginal hooks of one morphological type, but of three different sizes, with large falculate sickles that are proportionaly equal in length to the length of their handles. The two largest pairs of marginal hooks are positioned closest to the opisthaptoral peduncle, the neighbouring two pairs of medium-sized marginal hook sickles are situated along the lateral margins of the opisthaptor. Four pairs of smallest marginal hooks are positioned along the posterior margin of the opisthaptor. The male copulatory organ consists of a muscular pouch armed with approximately 30 gracile spines. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of the 18S rDNA using Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference placed the new genus within the lineage of solely African genera and suggests Afrogyrodactylus Paperna, 1968, Citharodactylus Přikrylová, Shinn et Paladini, 2017 and Mormyrogyrodactylus Luus-Powell, Mashego et Khalil, 2003 as genera most closely related to the new genus.

非洲大陆的内陆水域系统中有丰富多样的鱼类和两栖动物,它们是Gyrodactylidae van Beneden et Hesse(1832)的7属单系生物的宿主。2011年8月,从津巴布韦卡里巴湖的2只牛头犬(Marcusenius macrolepidotus, Peters)的鳃中采集到8种旋动类寄生虫。18S rDNA的形态鉴定和测序证实,这些标本属于一个新的胎生属——trresuncinidactylus wilmienae gen. et sp. n。其附着装置由一对大而细长的钩环组成,其根明显扁平,由一根简单而狭窄的背杆连接。腹侧棘小,舌状膜薄,无明显的前外侧突。有一种形态类型的16个边缘钩,但有三种不同的大小,有大的镰状镰刀,其长度与手柄的长度成比例相等。最大的两对边缘钩位于最靠近opisthaptor柄的位置,相邻的两对中等大小的边缘钩镰刀位于opisthaptor的外侧边缘。四对最小的边缘钩位于盗骨器的后缘。雄性的交配器官由一个肌肉发达的囊袋组成,内有大约30根细刺。利用最大似然和贝叶斯推断对18S rDNA的部分序列进行系统发育分析,将新属定位在非洲属的谱系中,并提出与新属关系最密切的属为Afrogyrodactylus Paperna(1968)、Citharodactylus Přikrylová (Shinn et Paladini, 2017)和Mormyrogyrodactylus Luus-Powell (Mashego et Khalil, 2003)。
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引用次数: 4
Impact of tick-borne Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in calves of moose (Alces alces) in southern Norway. 挪威南部驼鹿幼崽(Alces Alces)中蜱传嗜吞噬细胞无原体感染的影响。
IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q3 PARASITOLOGY Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.14411/fp.2021.023
Irma Razanske, Olav Rosef, Jana Radzijevskaja, Ricardas Krikstolaitis, Algimantas Paulauskas

The Gram-negative, obligate intracellular tick-transmitted pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum can cause acute febrile diseases in humans and domestic animals. The expansion of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758) in northern Europe due to climate change is of serious concern for animal and human health. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of A. phagocytophilum infection in moose Alces alces (Linnaeus) calves by evaluating the carcass weights of infected and non-infected animals and examining animal tissues samples for co-infections with either species of Babesia Starcovici, 1893 or bacteria of the genus Bartonella. The carcasses of 68 free-ranging moose calves were weighed by hunters during the hunting seasons from 2014 to 2017 in two regions in southern Norway and spleen samples were collected. Anaplasma phagocytophilum was detected in moose sampled from locations infected with ticks with a prevalence of 82% (n = 46). The carcass weights of A. phagocytophilum-infected calves (n = 46) and non-infected (n = 22) calves were compared. Although the average weight of infected calves (45.6 kg) was lower than that of non-infected calves (46.5 kg), the difference was not statistically significant. Three different variants of the bacterium 16S rRNA gene were identified. The average weight of animals infected with variant I was 49.9 kg, whereas that of animals infected with variant III was 42.0 kg, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.077). Co-infections of A. phagocytophilum with Bartonella spp. or with Babesia spp. were found in 20 and two calves, respectively. A triple infection was found in two calves. Sequence analysis of the 18S rRNA gene of Babesia-positive samples revealed the presence of Babesia cf. odocoilei (Emerson et Wright, 1970). Strains of Bartonella closely related to Bartonella bovis (Bermond, Boulouis, Heller, Laere, Monteil, Chomel, Sander, Dehio et Piemont, 2002) were identified based on phylogenetic analysis of the gltA and rpoB genes. The loss of body mass in moose calves in the tick-infected site was probably influenced by multiple factors.

革兰氏阴性、专性细胞内蜱传病原体嗜吞噬细胞无原体可在人和家畜中引起急性发热性疾病。由于气候变化,北欧的蓖麻蜱(Linnaeus, 1758)的扩张严重影响了动物和人类的健康。本研究的目的是通过评估感染和未感染动物的胴体重量,并检查动物组织样本是否同时感染巴贝虫,1893或巴尔通体属细菌,来调查嗜吞噬细胞芽胞杆菌感染对驼鹿Alces Alces (Linnaeus)犊牛的影响。2014年至2017年,在挪威南部两个地区的狩猎季节,猎人对68只自由放养的驼鹿幼崽的尸体进行了称重,并收集了脾脏样本。在从蜱虫感染地点取样的驼鹿中检测到嗜吞噬细胞无原体,患病率为82% (n = 46)。比较吞噬细胞芽胞杆菌感染犊牛(n = 46)和未感染犊牛(n = 22)的胴体重。虽然感染小牛的平均体重(45.6公斤)低于未感染小牛的平均体重(46.5公斤),但差异没有统计学意义。鉴定出了细菌16S rRNA基因的三种不同变体。变异1的平均体重为49.9 kg,变异3的平均体重为42.0 kg,但差异无统计学意义(p = 0.077)。分别在20头犊牛和2头犊牛中发现嗜吞噬单胞杆菌与巴尔通体和巴贝斯虫共感染。在两头小牛身上发现了三重感染。巴贝斯虫阳性样本的18S rRNA基因序列分析显示存在巴贝斯虫(c.o docoilei) (Emerson et Wright, 1970)。通过gltA和rpoB基因的系统发育分析,鉴定出与牛巴尔通体亲缘关系较近的巴尔通体菌株(Bermond, boullouis, Heller, Laere, Monteil, Chomel, Sander, Dehio et Piemont, 2002)。在蜱虫感染区,驼鹿幼鹿的体重损失可能受到多种因素的影响。
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引用次数: 3
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Folia Parasitologica
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