Xiaohong Jiang, Qixiang Sun, Yujia Huang, Yuetian Deng, Chaoqian Li
Nebulized inhalation therapy is an important method in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, and inactivated mycobacterial vaccine nebulized inhalation has received a wide attention recently, but the roles and mechanisms are still not fully understood. A literature search showed there is a strong scientific rationale and evidence that nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine is effective in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Clinically available mycobacterial vaccines include Mycobacterium phlei (M. phlei), BCG, and Mycobacterium vaccae (M. vaccae). Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine, especially M. vaccae, has been used in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and sepsis. It acts on the respiratory tract directly, thus stimulating the body to produce an immune response, enhance respiratory immunity, and achieve prevention and treatment effects. Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine will be an effective therapy in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.
{"title":"Inactivated Mycobacterial Vaccine Nebulized Inhalation: A Effective Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases?","authors":"Xiaohong Jiang, Qixiang Sun, Yujia Huang, Yuetian Deng, Chaoqian Li","doi":"10.1111/crj.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nebulized inhalation therapy is an important method in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, and inactivated mycobacterial vaccine nebulized inhalation has received a wide attention recently, but the roles and mechanisms are still not fully understood. A literature search showed there is a strong scientific rationale and evidence that nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine is effective in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Clinically available mycobacterial vaccines include <i>Mycobacterium phlei</i> (<i>M. phlei</i>), BCG, and <i>Mycobacterium vaccae</i> (<i>M. vaccae</i>). Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine, especially <i>M. vaccae</i>, has been used in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and sepsis. It acts on the respiratory tract directly, thus stimulating the body to produce an immune response, enhance respiratory immunity, and achieve prevention and treatment effects. Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine will be an effective therapy in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144525028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Volume OXygenation (VOX) index has good efficacy in predicting the failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy. However, its predictive value for treatment failure in patients receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV) remains uncertain.
Methods
Patients who underwent early NIV treatment were grouped based on their 2-h NIV VOX Youden index. The low-risk group consisted of patients with a VOX value > 20.45 (n = 188), while the high-risk group included those with a VOX value ≤ 20.45 (n = 200). Baseline data and arterial blood gas values were collected at 2, 12, and 24 h after NIV initiation.
Results
Compared to the low-risk group, the high-risk group exhibited higher SOFA scores, respiratory rates, and heart rates, along with a lower oxygenation index (P/F) (all p < 0.05). Following NIV treatment, the low-risk group showed a more significant increase in P/F values at 2 h, 12 h, and 24 h after NIV initiation. The low-risk group showed a lower VT and MV (minute ventilation volume) at 2 h, 12 h, and 24 h of NIV (p < 0.05). Moreover, the low-risk group had a lower intubation rate (7.98% vs. 77%, p < 0.05) and mortality rate (4.79% vs. 17.5%, p < 0.05). At 2 h of NIV, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting NIV failure using the VOX index was 0.843 (95% CI 0.805–0.882). Using a VOX value threshold of 20.45 to predict NIV failure, the sensitivity was 69.1%, and the specificity was 94.4%. Furthermore, a VOX value ≤ 20.45 was identified as an independent risk factor for tracheal intubation and death.
Conclusions
VOX index shows promise to serve as an effective evaluation index to predict early NIV efficacy in patients with AHRF; a VOX value > 20.45 after 2 h of NIV treatment can better predict improvements in hypoxia, respiratory drive, and NIV outcomes, guide early tracheal intubation in cases of NIV failure, and have a certain predictive effect on patient outcomes.
{"title":"A Multicenter Retrospective Study Predicting Early Noninvasive Ventilation Failure in Patients With Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure","authors":"Xiaoyi Liu, Hui Liu, Lijuan Chen, Xiangde Zheng, Hui Ran, Lili Chen, Rui Zhou, Yufeng Wang","doi":"10.1111/crj.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Volume OXygenation (VOX) index has good efficacy in predicting the failure of high-flow nasal cannula therapy. However, its predictive value for treatment failure in patients receiving noninvasive ventilation (NIV) remains uncertain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients who underwent early NIV treatment were grouped based on their 2-h NIV VOX Youden index. The low-risk group consisted of patients with a VOX value > 20.45 (<i>n</i> = 188), while the high-risk group included those with a VOX value ≤ 20.45 (<i>n</i> = 200). Baseline data and arterial blood gas values were collected at 2, 12, and 24 h after NIV initiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to the low-risk group, the high-risk group exhibited higher SOFA scores, respiratory rates, and heart rates, along with a lower oxygenation index (P/F) (all <i>p</i> < 0.05). Following NIV treatment, the low-risk group showed a more significant increase in P/F values at 2 h, 12 h, and 24 h after NIV initiation. The low-risk group showed a lower VT and MV (minute ventilation volume) at 2 h, 12 h, and 24 h of NIV (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Moreover, the low-risk group had a lower intubation rate (7.98% vs. 77%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and mortality rate (4.79% vs. 17.5%, <i>p</i> < 0.05). At 2 h of NIV, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting NIV failure using the VOX index was 0.843 (95% CI 0.805–0.882). Using a VOX value threshold of 20.45 to predict NIV failure, the sensitivity was 69.1%, and the specificity was 94.4%. Furthermore, a VOX value ≤ 20.45 was identified as an independent risk factor for tracheal intubation and death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VOX index shows promise to serve as an effective evaluation index to predict early NIV efficacy in patients with AHRF; a VOX value > 20.45 after 2 h of NIV treatment can better predict improvements in hypoxia, respiratory drive, and NIV outcomes, guide early tracheal intubation in cases of NIV failure, and have a certain predictive effect on patient outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144520283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Considerable evidence suggests a strong link between immune cell traits (ICTs) and asthma development via plasma metabolites (PMs), but the causality between ICTs and asthma is still unclear, mainly due to issues like selection bias. Our research was designed to investigate the causality between ICTs, PMs, and asthma and to provide a clearer explanation of these relationships.
Methods
Utilizing the GWAS database, this study employed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to investigate the causality between ICTs and asthma, as well as between PMs and asthma. Lastly, we calculated the mediated proportion of PMs as mediators in the link between ICTs and asthma.
Results
Excluding heterogeneity and pleiotropy, MR analysis identified 13 ICTs (CD14 on CD33br HLA DR+ CD14dim, etc.) and asthma causality, and no reverse causality was observed. In addition, 27 PMs (androsterone sulfate levels, succinate levels, etc.) were also causally associated with asthma. Mediate MR indicated −9.81% (−1.2%, −18.4%) of the effect of CD24 on IgD+ CD38br on asthma is mediated by S-methylcysteine sulfoxide levels, with a mediated effect value (p = 0.006) is 0.003 (0.0004, 0.006); 21.4% (6.2%, −36.6%) of the effect of CD3 on CD28+ CD4+ on asthma is mediated by 1-myristoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPC (14:0/20:4) levels, with a mediated effect value (p = 0.025) is 0.004 (0.001, 0.007).
Conclusions
We identified two pathways by which ICTs can impact asthma through PMs, which might help in identifying potential targets for personalized treatment approaches.
{"title":"Causal Relationships Between Immune Cell Traits, Plasma Metabolites, and Asthma: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Zhuozheng Hu, Peihao Xu, Jiajun Wu, Weijun Zhou, Yajie Zhou, Lei Xie, Wenxiong Zhang, Yong Cheng","doi":"10.1111/crj.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Considerable evidence suggests a strong link between immune cell traits (ICTs) and asthma development via plasma metabolites (PMs), but the causality between ICTs and asthma is still unclear, mainly due to issues like selection bias. Our research was designed to investigate the causality between ICTs, PMs, and asthma and to provide a clearer explanation of these relationships.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing the GWAS database, this study employed a two-step, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach and the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method to investigate the causality between ICTs and asthma, as well as between PMs and asthma. Lastly, we calculated the mediated proportion of PMs as mediators in the link between ICTs and asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Excluding heterogeneity and pleiotropy, MR analysis identified 13 ICTs (CD14 on CD33br HLA DR+ CD14dim, etc.) and asthma causality, and no reverse causality was observed. In addition, 27 PMs (androsterone sulfate levels, succinate levels, etc.) were also causally associated with asthma. Mediate MR indicated −9.81% (−1.2%, −18.4%) of the effect of CD24 on IgD+ CD38br on asthma is mediated by S-methylcysteine sulfoxide levels, with a mediated effect value (<i>p</i> = 0.006) is 0.003 (0.0004, 0.006); 21.4% (6.2%, −36.6%) of the effect of CD3 on CD28+ CD4+ on asthma is mediated by 1-myristoyl-2-arachidonoyl-GPC (14:0/20:4) levels, with a mediated effect value (<i>p</i> = 0.025) is 0.004 (0.001, 0.007).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified two pathways by which ICTs can impact asthma through PMs, which might help in identifying potential targets for personalized treatment approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144367471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Min Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Kelei Zhao, Xiaohan Yuan, Jinghang Zhang, Yanting Liu, Ping Lu
This case report features a patient with an invasive thymoma. The patient presented with an anterior mediastinal mass that invaded the left brachiocephalic trunk vein, resulting in the formation of a carcinoma thrombus in the right atrium, superior vena cava, left brachiocephalic trunk vein, and left internal jugular vein (Masaoka stage IV). No indication for surgery was assessed by surgical consultation. After six cycles of chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy, the tumor size decreased from 72.43 to 24 mm, showing a significant improvement in patient efficacy. After a follow-up of 50 months, the patient remained well, without local recurrence or distal metastasis, and maintained a partial response (PR).
{"title":"Patient With Advanced Aggressive B2 Thymoma Achieved Positive Outcomes Post CAP-Endostar Combination Therapy","authors":"Min Zhang, Jingjing Zhang, Kelei Zhao, Xiaohan Yuan, Jinghang Zhang, Yanting Liu, Ping Lu","doi":"10.1111/crj.70081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70081","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This case report features a patient with an invasive thymoma. The patient presented with an anterior mediastinal mass that invaded the left brachiocephalic trunk vein, resulting in the formation of a carcinoma thrombus in the right atrium, superior vena cava, left brachiocephalic trunk vein, and left internal jugular vein (Masaoka stage IV). No indication for surgery was assessed by surgical consultation. After six cycles of chemotherapy and chest radiotherapy, the tumor size decreased from 72.43 to 24 mm, showing a significant improvement in patient efficacy. After a follow-up of 50 months, the patient remained well, without local recurrence or distal metastasis, and maintained a partial response (PR).</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70081","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144339247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Liu, H. Shi, H. Zheng, W. Kong, X. Cheng, L. Deng, “ Circular RNA NFIX Functions as an Oncogene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Modulating the miR-214-3p/TRIAP1 Axis,” Clinical Respiratory Journal18, no. 8 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.13801.
Figures 4 and 7 are incorrect. Below are the correct figures.
FIGURE 4 | Effect of circRNA NFIX interference in NSCLC by targeting miRNA-214-3p. A549 cells were transfected with control-siRNA, circRNA NFIX-siRNA, circRNA NFIX-siRNA + inhibitor control, or circRNA NFIX-siRNA + miR-214-3p inhibitor for 48 h. (A) Cell proliferation was counted by MTT assay. (B and C) The apoptosis ratio of cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry. (D and E) The level of cleaved-caspase3 was detected by western blot assay, and cleaved-caspase3/caspase3 ratio was calculated. ** indicates p < 0.01 versus control-siRNA, ## indicates p < 0.01 circRNA NFIX-siRNA + inhibitor control. Data are exhibited as average ± SD of triple single experiments.
FIGURE 7 | Overexpression of miRNA-214-3p suppressed cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis via TRIAP1 in NSCLC cells. A549 cells were transfected with mimic control, miRNA-214-3p mimic, miRNA-214-3p mimic + control-plasmid, or miRNA-214-3p mimic + TRIAP1-plasmid for 48 h. (A) Cell proliferation was counted by MTT assay. (B and C) The apoptosis of A549 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. (D and E) The level of cleaved-caspase3 was detected by western blot assay, and the ratio of cleaved-caspase3/caspase3 was determined. ** indicates p < 0.01 versus mimic control, ## indicates p < 0.01 versus miR-214-3p mimic + control-plasmid. Data are exhibited as average ± SD of triple single experiments.
{"title":"Correction to “Circular RNA NFIX Functions as an Oncogene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Modulating the miR-214-3p/TRIAP1 Axis”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/crj.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>G. Liu</span>, <span>H. Shi</span>, <span>H. Zheng</span>, <span>W. Kong</span>, <span>X. Cheng</span>, <span>L. Deng</span>, “ <span>Circular RNA NFIX Functions as an Oncogene in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer by Modulating the miR-214-3p/TRIAP1 Axis</span>,” <i>Clinical Respiratory Journal</i> <span>18</span>, no. <span>8</span> (<span>2024</span>). https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.13801.\u0000 </p><p>Figures 4 and 7 are incorrect. Below are the correct figures.</p><p>FIGURE 4 | Effect of circRNA NFIX interference in NSCLC by targeting miRNA-214-3p. A549 cells were transfected with control-siRNA, circRNA NFIX-siRNA, circRNA NFIX-siRNA + inhibitor control, or circRNA NFIX-siRNA + miR-214-3p inhibitor for 48 h. (A) Cell proliferation was counted by MTT assay. (B and C) The apoptosis ratio of cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry. (D and E) The level of cleaved-caspase3 was detected by western blot assay, and cleaved-caspase3/caspase3 ratio was calculated. ** indicates <i>p</i> < 0.01 versus control-siRNA, ## indicates <i>p</i> < 0.01 circRNA NFIX-siRNA + inhibitor control. Data are exhibited as average ± SD of triple single experiments.</p><p>FIGURE 7 | Overexpression of miRNA-214-3p suppressed cell growth and promoted cell apoptosis via TRIAP1 in NSCLC cells. A549 cells were transfected with mimic control, miRNA-214-3p mimic, miRNA-214-3p mimic + control-plasmid, or miRNA-214-3p mimic + TRIAP1-plasmid for 48 h. (A) Cell proliferation was counted by MTT assay. (B and C) The apoptosis of A549 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. (D and E) The level of cleaved-caspase3 was detected by western blot assay, and the ratio of cleaved-caspase3/caspase3 was determined. ** indicates <i>p</i> < 0.01 versus mimic control, ## indicates <i>p</i> < 0.01 versus miR-214-3p mimic + control-plasmid. Data are exhibited as average ± SD of triple single experiments.</p><p>We apologize for these errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) were usually screened using electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood panel of D-dimer, troponin, and blood gas analysis in the emergency.
Objectives
This study aimed to explore a rapid risk model to predict in-hospital adverse events for normotensive PE patients.
Methods
Patients with acute PE having normal blood pressure on appearance were retrospectively enrolled at China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2017 to February 2020. The in-hospital adverse events were defined as death and clinical deterioration during hospitalization. The risk model for in-hospital adverse events was generated by multivariate regression analysis. The discrimination ability of the model was compared with PESI, Bova, and FAST risk score, and evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI).
Results
Of the 213 patients, 35 (16.4%) experienced in-hospital adverse events,y including 15 deaths. The average age was 69 ± 19 years, and 118 (44.6%) were females. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors associated with in-hospital adverse events were low QRS voltage in ECG (OR: 5.321; 95% CI: 1.608–7.310), positive age-adjusted D-dimer (OR: 2.061; 95% CI: 0.622–6.836), positive troponin (OR: 3.504; 95% CI: 1.744–8.259), and PaO2/FiO2 < 300 (OR: 3.268; 95% CI: 0.978–5.260). The ROC analysis showed that the AUC of the new model (0.847, 95% CI: 0.786–0.901) was better than the PESI score (0.628, 95% CI: 0.509–0.769), the Bova score (0.701, 95% CI: 0.594–0.808), and the FAST score (0.775 95% CI: 0.690–0.859).
Conclusion
ECG abnormalities and biomarkers on admission may provide a rapid and effective approach to identify patients with poor prognoses during hospitalization.
{"title":"ECG Abnormalities and Biomarkers Enable Rapid Risk Stratification in Normotensive Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism","authors":"Siqi Jiao, Ying Liu, Haoming He, Qing Li, Zhe Wang, Yinong Chen, Longyang Zhu, Shuwen Zheng, Furong Yang, Zhenguo Zhai, Yihong Sun","doi":"10.1111/crj.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patients with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE) were usually screened using electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood panel of D-dimer, troponin, and blood gas analysis in the emergency.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to explore a rapid risk model to predict in-hospital adverse events for normotensive PE patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with acute PE having normal blood pressure on appearance were retrospectively enrolled at China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2017 to February 2020. The in-hospital adverse events were defined as death and clinical deterioration during hospitalization. The risk model for in-hospital adverse events was generated by multivariate regression analysis. The discrimination ability of the model was compared with PESI, Bova, and FAST risk score, and evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement index (IDI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of the 213 patients, 35 (16.4%) experienced in-hospital adverse events,y including 15 deaths. The average age was 69 ± 19 years, and 118 (44.6%) were females. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factors associated with in-hospital adverse events were low QRS voltage in ECG (OR: 5.321; 95% CI: 1.608–7.310), positive age-adjusted D-dimer (OR: 2.061; 95% CI: 0.622–6.836), positive troponin (OR: 3.504; 95% CI: 1.744–8.259), and PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> < 300 (OR: 3.268; 95% CI: 0.978–5.260). The ROC analysis showed that the AUC of the new model (0.847, 95% CI: 0.786–0.901) was better than the PESI score (0.628, 95% CI: 0.509–0.769), the Bova score (0.701, 95% CI: 0.594–0.808), and the FAST score (0.775 95% CI: 0.690–0.859).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ECG abnormalities and biomarkers on admission may provide a rapid and effective approach to identify patients with poor prognoses during hospitalization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144323356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker elevated in severely ill patients, but its prognostic value in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate suPAR's prognostic role for CAP severity compared to other biomarkers and severity scores.
Methods
A total of 204 hospitalised CAP patients were enrolled. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), suPAR, CURB-65 and Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) scores were measured at admission, and patients were followed for 365 days. The primary outcome was the relationship between suPAR levels and CAP severity based on IDSA/ATS guidelines. Secondary outcomes included time to clinical stability (TTCS), length of stay (LOS) and mortality.
Results
Among 204 patients, 174 (85%) had non-severe and 30 (15%) had severe CAP. SuPAR levels were not associated with severe CAP (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.88–1.21; AUC 0.53). Unlike the PSI and CURB-65 scores, suPAR did not correlate with TTCS (HR PSI 0.80, HR CURB-65 0.86), though all three markers were correlated to LOS (AUC suPAR 0.61). Only suPAR was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (HR 1.51, AUC 0.68).
Conclusions
The prognostic value of suPAR for CAP severity is low, and it does not provide additional prognostic benefit over the CURB-65 or PSI scores in predicting CAP severity. While it has moderate predictive ability for 30-day mortality, its utility for predicting LOS or TTCS is low.
{"title":"The Value of Soluble Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Receptor (suPAR) as Predictive Tool in Hospitalised Patients With Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)","authors":"Lisa Hessels, Ruud Duijkers, Marianne Schoorl, Lotte Terpstra, Willemien Thijs, Wim Boersma","doi":"10.1111/crj.70089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70089","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is a biomarker elevated in severely ill patients, but its prognostic value in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate suPAR's prognostic role for CAP severity compared to other biomarkers and severity scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 204 hospitalised CAP patients were enrolled. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), suPAR, CURB-65 and Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) scores were measured at admission, and patients were followed for 365 days. The primary outcome was the relationship between suPAR levels and CAP severity based on IDSA/ATS guidelines. Secondary outcomes included time to clinical stability (TTCS), length of stay (LOS) and mortality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 204 patients, 174 (85%) had non-severe and 30 (15%) had severe CAP. SuPAR levels were not associated with severe CAP (OR 1.03, 95% CI 0.88–1.21; AUC 0.53). Unlike the PSI and CURB-65 scores, suPAR did not correlate with TTCS (HR PSI 0.80, HR CURB-65 0.86), though all three markers were correlated to LOS (AUC suPAR 0.61). Only suPAR was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (HR 1.51, AUC 0.68).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prognostic value of suPAR for CAP severity is low, and it does not provide additional prognostic benefit over the CURB-65 or PSI scores in predicting CAP severity. While it has moderate predictive ability for 30-day mortality, its utility for predicting LOS or TTCS is low.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01964495</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guo-Sheng Li, Jun Liu, Yue Li, Chang-Qian Li, Dong-Sheng Lu, Xiang Gao, Guan-Qiang Yan, Zhan-Yu Xu, Hua-Fu Zhou, Nuo Yang
Background
The association between platelet count (PLTC) and the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains unclear.
Methods
We analyzed 19 223 samples from public and internal cohorts to investigate the relationship between high PLTC and the risk of developing LUSC using the retrospective analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis (MRA).
Results
Elevated PLTC were detected in the population with lung cancer compared to healthy individuals (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.13–1.75, p < 0.05). Furthermore, there is a significant association between elevated PLTC and an increased risk of LUSC based on an in-house cohort (OR = 1.63 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.08–2.45, p < 0.05). Individuals with high PLTC had an increased risk of developing LUSC using the inverse-variance weighting method (OR = 1.62 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.14–2.31, p < 0.05), an outcome that was directionally consistent across the weighted median, MR Egger, simple mode, and weighted modes methods (OR > 1.00). No pleiotropy (the MRA pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test p = 0.553) or heterogeneity (Cochran's Q statistic p = 0.777) was found in the MRAs. Besides PLTC, age and five other hematological parameters (e.g., red blood cell count) were identified as independent factors associated with the incidence of lung cancer or its subtype LUSC (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
High circulating PLTC may serve as a risk factor for lung squamous cell carcinoma.
背景血小板计数（PLTC）与肺鳞状细胞癌（LUSC）风险之间的关系尚不清楚。方法采用回顾性分析和孟德尔随机化分析（Mendelian randomization analysis， MRA），对来自公共和内部队列的19 223例样本进行分析，探讨高PLTC与LUSC发生风险的关系。结果与健康人群相比，肺癌人群PLTC升高（比值比[OR] = 1.41 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.13-1.75, p < 0.05）。此外，基于内部队列，PLTC升高与LUSC风险增加之间存在显著关联（OR = 1.63 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.08-2.45, p < 0.05）。使用反方差加权方法，PLTC高的个体发生LUSC的风险增加（OR = 1.62 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.14-2.31, p < 0.05），该结果在加权中位数、MR Egger、简单模式和加权模式方法中方向一致（OR > 1.00）。MRA中未发现多效性（MRA多效性残差和异常值检验p = 0.553）或异质性（Cochran’s Q统计量p = 0.777）。除PLTC外，年龄和其他5项血液学参数（如红细胞计数）被确定为肺癌或其亚型LUSC发病率的独立因素（p < 0.05）。结论高循环PLTC可能是肺鳞状细胞癌的危险因素。
{"title":"High Circulating Platelet Count as a Risk Factor for Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study and Mendelian Randomization Analysis","authors":"Guo-Sheng Li, Jun Liu, Yue Li, Chang-Qian Li, Dong-Sheng Lu, Xiang Gao, Guan-Qiang Yan, Zhan-Yu Xu, Hua-Fu Zhou, Nuo Yang","doi":"10.1111/crj.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The association between platelet count (PLTC) and the risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) remains unclear.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed 19 223 samples from public and internal cohorts to investigate the relationship between high PLTC and the risk of developing LUSC using the retrospective analysis and Mendelian randomization analysis (MRA).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elevated PLTC were detected in the population with lung cancer compared to healthy individuals (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.13–1.75, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, there is a significant association between elevated PLTC and an increased risk of LUSC based on an in-house cohort (OR = 1.63 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.08–2.45, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Individuals with high PLTC had an increased risk of developing LUSC using the inverse-variance weighting method (OR = 1.62 [per 1-SD], 95% CI 1.14–2.31, <i>p</i> < 0.05), an outcome that was directionally consistent across the weighted median, MR Egger, simple mode, and weighted modes methods (OR > 1.00). No pleiotropy (the MRA pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test <i>p</i> = 0.553) or heterogeneity (Cochran's <i>Q</i> statistic <i>p</i> = 0.777) was found in the MRAs. Besides PLTC, age and five other hematological parameters (e.g., red blood cell count) were identified as independent factors associated with the incidence of lung cancer or its subtype LUSC (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High circulating PLTC may serve as a risk factor for lung squamous cell carcinoma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144281378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing every year; however, the potential biological mechanisms have not been completely clarified. The objective of this study is to reveal the etiologic effects of circulating metabolites on IPF.
Methods
This research evaluated the causal relationship between serum metabolites and IPF utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. IVW served as the main method of analysis; concurrently, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO acted as supplementary analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed with Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger's intercept test, and leave-one-out method of analysis. All statistical analyses were accomplished in R software.
Results
Our results showed that 23 metabolites have a causal connection with IPF. Following sensitivity analysis, 2 robust and 12 potential causal association pairs were identified among the known metabolites. These 14 causal pairs concerned six metabolites.
Conclusion
This study presents a novel perspective on potential mechanisms involved in IPF with important significance for screening, prevention, and treatment.
{"title":"Causal Effects Between Genetically Determined Human Serum Metabolite Levels on the Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study","authors":"Yu Shi, Shuang Chen, Zhaokai Zhou, Mengke Huang, Yue Li, Xiaogang Jing","doi":"10.1111/crj.70087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70087","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The incidence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is increasing every year; however, the potential biological mechanisms have not been completely clarified. The objective of this study is to reveal the etiologic effects of circulating metabolites on IPF.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research evaluated the causal relationship between serum metabolites and IPF utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. IVW served as the main method of analysis; concurrently, MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO acted as supplementary analyses. Sensitivity analyses were performed with Cochran's <i>Q</i> test, MR-Egger's intercept test, and leave-one-out method of analysis. All statistical analyses were accomplished in R software.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results showed that 23 metabolites have a causal connection with IPF. Following sensitivity analysis, 2 robust and 12 potential causal association pairs were identified among the known metabolites. These 14 causal pairs concerned six metabolites.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study presents a novel perspective on potential mechanisms involved in IPF with important significance for screening, prevention, and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70087","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144273264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. G. Pitsiou, “ Treatment Approaches for Pulmonary Hypertension in Colombia: A Call to Action,” Clinical Respiratory Journal19, no. 2 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70062.
In the References section, reference section 3 is outdated and should be updated to
3. Μ. Machado-Duque, Α. Gaviria-Mendoza, L. F. Valladales-Restrepo, et al., “Treatment Patterns of Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Descriptive Study in Colombia,” Clinical Respiratory Journal 19, no. 2 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70063.
We apologize for this error.
G. G. Pitsiou，“哥伦比亚肺动脉高压的治疗方法：行动呼吁”，《临床呼吸杂志》第19期。2 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70062。在参考文献部分，参考文献部分3已经过时，应该更新为3。Μ。Machado-DuqueΑ。Gaviria-Mendoza， L. F. Valladales-Restrepo等，“肺动脉高压患者的治疗模式：哥伦比亚的一项描述性研究”，《临床呼吸杂志》第19期。2 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70063.We为这个错误道歉。
{"title":"Correction to “Treatment Approaches for Pulmonary Hypertension in Colombia: A Call to Action”","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/crj.70095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 <span>G. G. Pitsiou</span>, “ <span>Treatment Approaches for Pulmonary Hypertension in Colombia: A Call to Action</span>,” <i>Clinical Respiratory Journal</i> <span>19</span>, no. <span>2</span> (<span>2025</span>), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70062.\u0000 </p><p>In the References section, reference section 3 is outdated and should be updated to</p><p>3. Μ. Machado-Duque, Α. Gaviria-Mendoza, L. F. Valladales-Restrepo, et al., “Treatment Patterns of Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Descriptive Study in Colombia,” <i>Clinical Respiratory Journal</i> 19, no. 2 (2025), https://doi.org/10.1111/crj.70063.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":55247,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Respiratory Journal","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/crj.70095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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