Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85416
Arlensiu Tiboche García, H. Arévalo
Sustainable use of wildlife requires information about the demographic parameters of free-ranging populations. Although exploitation of capybara populations occurs throughout its distribution, in Colombia its legal use has been suspended for two decades. The flooded savannas of Colombia and Venezuela that are home to the largest population of capybara are under high risk due to anthropic transformations. Here, we estimated density, size, age structure, and group size of a population of capybara. We present information from seven samplings between years 2004 and 2017. We established a 3600 ha grid with 700 m spaced transects in Paz de Ariporo, Casanare (Colombia). Three types of comparisons were made: 1) Interannual, equal climatic periods in samples of contiguous years, 2) Seasonal, different climatic periods of contiguous years, and 3) by decade, equal climatic periods in intervals of one decade. For all sampling, we calculated the finite population growth rate (λ), the maximum production index (Pmax), and for the samplings that coincided with the harvesting period allowed in Colombia the sustained harvest index (h). In 2005, the population presented the largest size (N = 12 802, D = 3.75ind / ha), while in 2017 it tended to decrease (N = 6 928, D = 2.03ind / ha). In the seasonal rain-dry comparisons, λ shows a decrease near to 30 %, while, per decade, there are positive and negative fluctuations. For the samplings in 2005 and 2015, (h), indicates that sustainable harvesting is viable, however, it's necessary the monitoring of the their populations and habitat.
野生动物的可持续利用需要有关自由放养种群的人口统计参数的信息。尽管在水豚分布的各个地方都有对水豚种群的开采，但在哥伦比亚，水豚的合法使用已经暂停了20年。哥伦比亚和委内瑞拉被洪水淹没的稀树草原是水豚数量最多的家园，由于人类活动的变化，它们面临着很高的风险。在这里，我们估计了水豚种群的密度、大小、年龄结构和群体规模。我们提供了2004年至2017年间7次抽样的信息。我们在Casanare(哥伦比亚)的Paz de Ariporo建立了一个3600公顷、间隔700米的横断面网格。进行了3种类型的比较:1)年际间，连续年样品的气候周期相等;2)季节性，连续年的不同气候周期;3)按十年，间隔一个十年的气候周期相等。对所有样本，我们计算了有限种群增长率(λ)、最大产量指数(Pmax)和与哥伦比亚允许采收期一致的样本的持续收获指数(h)。2005年种群规模最大(N = 12 802, D = 3.75ind / ha)，而2017年种群规模呈下降趋势(N = 6 928, D = 2.03ind / ha)。在季节性干雨比较中，λ显示出近30%的下降，而每十年存在正波动和负波动。对于2005年和2015年的采样，(h)表明可持续采收是可行的，但有必要对其种群和栖息地进行监测。
{"title":"Análisis multianual de parámetros poblacionales del chigüiro ( Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris ) en las sabanas inundables colombianas, con miras a su aprovechamiento","authors":"Arlensiu Tiboche García, H. Arévalo","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85416","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable use of wildlife requires information about the demographic parameters of free-ranging populations. Although exploitation of capybara populations occurs throughout its distribution, in Colombia its legal use has been suspended for two decades. The flooded savannas of Colombia and Venezuela that are home to the largest population of capybara are under high risk due to anthropic transformations. Here, we estimated density, size, age structure, and group size of a population of capybara. We present information from seven samplings between years 2004 and 2017. We established a 3600 ha grid with 700 m spaced transects in Paz de Ariporo, Casanare (Colombia). Three types of comparisons were made: 1) Interannual, equal climatic periods in samples of contiguous years, 2) Seasonal, different climatic periods of contiguous years, and 3) by decade, equal climatic periods in intervals of one decade. For all sampling, we calculated the finite population growth rate (λ), the maximum production index (Pmax), and for the samplings that coincided with the harvesting period allowed in Colombia the sustained harvest index (h). In 2005, the population presented the largest size (N = 12 802, D = 3.75ind / ha), while in 2017 it tended to decrease (N = 6 928, D = 2.03ind / ha). In the seasonal rain-dry comparisons, λ shows a decrease near to 30 %, while, per decade, there are positive and negative fluctuations. For the samplings in 2005 and 2015, (h), indicates that sustainable harvesting is viable, however, it's necessary the monitoring of the their populations and habitat.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45542426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84872
Angie N. Tinoco-Sotomayor, Diego Zárrate-Charry, Gabriel R. Navas-Suárez, José F. González-Maya
Medium and large mammals are among the groups of species most frequently used by local communities, and at the same time, they play a fundamental role in ecosystems. In the Caribbean region of Colombia, some efforts have been made to document these uses, but there are still important gaps in the information necessary for their conservation. In this study, we evaluated the uses and local perception of threats to medium and large mammals in the District of Cartagena de Indias. A total of 103 semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain information related to the different uses of these species in eight townships and three neighborhoods located on the periphery of the city’s urban area. Most of the interviewees (61 %) reported uses associated with consumption, 11 % for sale, and 5 % as pets. The two most consumed species were the rabbit (Sylvilagus sp., 55 %) and the Agouti (Cuniculus paca, 26 %); the orders most used as pets were Primates and Rodentia. Those interviewed identified hunting, road accidents, and habitat destruction as the mammal’s greatest threats.
{"title":"Valores de uso y amenazas sobre los mamíferos medianos y grandes del Distrito de Cartagena de Indias, Colombia","authors":"Angie N. Tinoco-Sotomayor, Diego Zárrate-Charry, Gabriel R. Navas-Suárez, José F. González-Maya","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84872","url":null,"abstract":"Medium and large mammals are among the groups of species most frequently used by local communities, and at the same time, they play a fundamental role in ecosystems. In the Caribbean region of Colombia, some efforts have been made to document these uses, but there are still important gaps in the information necessary for their conservation. In this study, we evaluated the uses and local perception of threats to medium and large mammals in the District of Cartagena de Indias. A total of 103 semi-structured interviews were conducted to obtain information related to the different uses of these species in eight townships and three neighborhoods located on the periphery of the city’s urban area. Most of the interviewees (61 %) reported uses associated with consumption, 11 % for sale, and 5 % as pets. The two most consumed species were the rabbit (Sylvilagus sp., 55 %) and the Agouti (Cuniculus paca, 26 %); the orders most used as pets were Primates and Rodentia. Those interviewed identified hunting, road accidents, and habitat destruction as the mammal’s greatest threats.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41659888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84851
Daniela Cortés-Alfonso, Alejandro E. J. Valenzuela, Francisco Alejandro Sánchez Barrera
The introduction of exotic species can negatively affect native species; for example, the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) can increase their predation risk. We evaluated the effect of the presence of domestic dogs and humans on the foraging behavior of the Andean White-eared Opossum, Didelphis pernigra, in an ex-urban area in the Colombian Andes. We also studied habitat use by this marsupial using the giving-up density (GUD) technique, the amount of food left by a forager after exploiting a patch in which it experiences diminishing returns, and that informs about foraging costs experienced by an individual, including the perceived risk of predation. We measured the GUD’s in experiments with the presence of dogs and/or humans in an area in natural regeneration of Andean forest and in an exotic plantation of Eucalyptus globulus near the Bogota River. The opossums used the regeneration area more than the plantation; the plantation was barely visited. Our results suggest that the opossum chose foraging sites depending on their exposure to potential predators. The human presence reduced the foraging of the opossum in the regeneration forest. In addition, their foraging also was affected by the moon’s light, but this effect was modulated by the period of the night. The opossums do not seem to recognize the dog as a threat, probably increasing their vulnerability to the attack of these carnivores.
{"title":"Percepción del riesgo de depredación y uso de hábitat del fara Didelphis pernigra (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) en un área exurbana andina","authors":"Daniela Cortés-Alfonso, Alejandro E. J. Valenzuela, Francisco Alejandro Sánchez Barrera","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84851","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of exotic species can negatively affect native species; for example, the domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) can increase their predation risk. We evaluated the effect of the presence of domestic dogs and humans on the foraging behavior of the Andean White-eared Opossum, Didelphis pernigra, in an ex-urban area in the Colombian Andes. We also studied habitat use by this marsupial using the giving-up density (GUD) technique, the amount of food left by a forager after exploiting a patch in which it experiences diminishing returns, and that informs about foraging costs experienced by an individual, including the perceived risk of predation. We measured the GUD’s in experiments with the presence of dogs and/or humans in an area in natural regeneration of Andean forest and in an exotic plantation of Eucalyptus globulus near the Bogota River. The opossums used the regeneration area more than the plantation; the plantation was barely visited. Our results suggest that the opossum chose foraging sites depending on their exposure to potential predators. The human presence reduced the foraging of the opossum in the regeneration forest. In addition, their foraging also was affected by the moon’s light, but this effect was modulated by the period of the night. The opossums do not seem to recognize the dog as a threat, probably increasing their vulnerability to the attack of these carnivores.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43090723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84687
Isabel Cristina Avila, G. A. Trujillo, Juan José Alava
The first records of elephant seals, likely southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, are reported for the Colombian Pacific coast. A juvenile elephant seal was registered on the beaches of Pianguita and Maguipi (Valle del Cauca), from January 23-25, 2018. On 22 February 2018, a male juvenile, presumably the same animal, was also reported further north on the beaches of Guachalito (Choco). Then, a group of three individuals was sighted on the beach of El Medio, the mouth of the Yurumangui River (Valle del Cauca) from 29 December, 2019 to 20 January 2020; this sighting was confirmed on January 3, 2020, by recording a subadult male individual apparently in healthy body condition. Also, a dead subadult in advanced state of decomposition was found in the river Guapi in January 8, 2021. These sightings are among the most northern extralimital records for this species with a large displacement covering 5000–8000 Km from its normal distributional range that includes southern Chile and Antarctica. The presence of the southern elephant seal in the Colombian Pacific had not been documented, and the arrival of this species could be linked to the search for food and the influence of eco-physiological processes, as well as the impact of the ENSO and ongoing environmental changes in the Southern Ocean.
{"title":"Primeros registros de elefantes marinos en el Pacífico colombiano: ¿Elefantes marinos del sur, Mirounga leonina ?","authors":"Isabel Cristina Avila, G. A. Trujillo, Juan José Alava","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84687","url":null,"abstract":"The first records of elephant seals, likely southern elephant seals, Mirounga leonina, are reported for the Colombian Pacific coast. A juvenile elephant seal was registered on the beaches of Pianguita and Maguipi (Valle del Cauca), from January 23-25, 2018. On 22 February 2018, a male juvenile, presumably the same animal, was also reported further north on the beaches of Guachalito (Choco). Then, a group of three individuals was sighted on the beach of El Medio, the mouth of the Yurumangui River (Valle del Cauca) from 29 December, 2019 to 20 January 2020; this sighting was confirmed on January 3, 2020, by recording a subadult male individual apparently in healthy body condition. Also, a dead subadult in advanced state of decomposition was found in the river Guapi in January 8, 2021. These sightings are among the most northern extralimital records for this species with a large displacement covering 5000–8000 Km from its normal distributional range that includes southern Chile and Antarctica. The presence of the southern elephant seal in the Colombian Pacific had not been documented, and the arrival of this species could be linked to the search for food and the influence of eco-physiological processes, as well as the impact of the ENSO and ongoing environmental changes in the Southern Ocean.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43952709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84837
Laura Suárez Ramírez, Hugo Mantilla Meluk, Javier Antonio García Villalba
With a range of only 4029 km2, endemic to the Andean-Amazon foothills of the Colombian departments of Caqueta and Cauca, Plecturocebus caquetensis has been considered one of the 25 most endangered primate species around the world. At this date, there are only demographic and ecologic data for the Caqueta department population but the region of the Bota Caucana, which encloses the best-preserved forest within its distribution, has not been evaluated yet. Through the distance line-transect sampling method, we investigated the social structure and population density of P. caquetensis in an alluvial forest with different levels of anthropic intervention and connectivity. For 263 forest hectares, a density of 12.5 individuals/km2 and 5.3 groups/km2 was estimated. A total of 56 individuals in 22 groups were recorded, the average size was 2.5 individuals/group, 80 % of the individuals were adults, 16.4 % young; and 3.6 % subadults. The density reported here is low regarding the estimates made in a black-water flooding forest of the Caqueta department and concurs with that registered in hill forests. This article contributes to the understanding of the population status of species from the area, allowing further research as well as conservation strategies applicable to the Baja Bota Caucana in a socio-environmental and cultural context.
{"title":"Densidad poblacional y organización social del primate endémico y críticamente amenazado Plecturocebus caquetensis (Pitheciidae) en el Piedemonte Andino-Amazónico del Cauca, Colombia","authors":"Laura Suárez Ramírez, Hugo Mantilla Meluk, Javier Antonio García Villalba","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.84837","url":null,"abstract":"With a range of only 4029 km2, endemic to the Andean-Amazon foothills of the Colombian departments of Caqueta and Cauca, Plecturocebus caquetensis has been considered one of the 25 most endangered primate species around the world. At this date, there are only demographic and ecologic data for the Caqueta department population but the region of the Bota Caucana, which encloses the best-preserved forest within its distribution, has not been evaluated yet. Through the distance line-transect sampling method, we investigated the social structure and population density of P. caquetensis in an alluvial forest with different levels of anthropic intervention and connectivity. For 263 forest hectares, a density of 12.5 individuals/km2 and 5.3 groups/km2 was estimated. A total of 56 individuals in 22 groups were recorded, the average size was 2.5 individuals/group, 80 % of the individuals were adults, 16.4 % young; and 3.6 % subadults. The density reported here is low regarding the estimates made in a black-water flooding forest of the Caqueta department and concurs with that registered in hill forests. This article contributes to the understanding of the population status of species from the area, allowing further research as well as conservation strategies applicable to the Baja Bota Caucana in a socio-environmental and cultural context.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48695671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/caldasia.v43n2.85460
Isabel Cristina Anteliz Pallares, Angie Tatiana Sánchez Sánchez, Juan David Sánchez Londoño
El estudio de la dieta de los murciélagos es importante para entender cómo se conforma su ensamblaje y cómo aportan a la dinámica de los bosques. Al ser pocos los estudios de dieta de murciélagos frugívoros en el bosque seco tropical, nuestro objetivo fue describir su dieta y analizar cuál es su efecto sobre la germinación de semillas. El trabajo se realizó en el Área Natural Única Los Estoraques, Norte de Santander, Colombia; una zona de vida de bosque seco premontano (bs-PM). Para la captura de murciélagos se utilizaron redes de niebla y se recolectaron sus excretas. Las semillas de Vismia baccifera y Piper sp4, obtenidas de las excretas, fueron seleccionadas para el experimento de germinación cuya respuesta se analizó mediante el índice de capacidad de germinación. Se hizo una curva de acumulación para describir la riqueza de semillas, se calculó el índice de mejor dispersor DII y el índice de Morisita paragistro en la dieta de los murciélagos. En ninguna de las dos especies de plantas se encontraron diferenestudiar solapamiento de dieta. Se registraron diez especies de murciélagos con siete registros nuevos para un total de 18 en la zona, trece de ellas fueron frugívoras. Carollia brevicauda fue la especie más abundante y la mejor dispersora, considerándola clave para la mayoría de las especies vegetales. Seidentificaron 18 morfoespecies de semillas, incluyendo Calycolpus moritzianus, nuevo recias en la germinación de semillas obtenidas de las excretas y aquellas extraídas del fruto directamente.
{"title":"Dieta de murciélagos frugívoros y su efecto sobre la germinación de dos especies en el Área Natural Única Los Estoraques, Norte de Santander, Colombia","authors":"Isabel Cristina Anteliz Pallares, Angie Tatiana Sánchez Sánchez, Juan David Sánchez Londoño","doi":"10.15446/caldasia.v43n2.85460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/caldasia.v43n2.85460","url":null,"abstract":"El estudio de la dieta de los murciélagos es importante para entender cómo se conforma su ensamblaje y cómo aportan a la dinámica de los bosques. Al ser pocos los estudios de dieta de murciélagos frugívoros en el bosque seco tropical, nuestro objetivo fue describir su dieta y analizar cuál es su efecto sobre la germinación de semillas. El trabajo se realizó en el Área Natural Única Los Estoraques, Norte de Santander, Colombia; una zona de vida de bosque seco premontano (bs-PM). Para la captura de murciélagos se utilizaron redes de niebla y se recolectaron sus excretas. Las semillas de Vismia baccifera y Piper sp4, obtenidas de las excretas, fueron seleccionadas para el experimento de germinación cuya respuesta se analizó mediante el índice de capacidad de germinación. Se hizo una curva de acumulación para describir la riqueza de semillas, se calculó el índice de mejor dispersor DII y el índice de Morisita paragistro en la dieta de los murciélagos. En ninguna de las dos especies de plantas se encontraron diferenestudiar solapamiento de dieta. Se registraron diez especies de murciélagos con siete registros nuevos para un total de 18 en la zona, trece de ellas fueron frugívoras. Carollia brevicauda fue la especie más abundante y la mejor dispersora, considerándola clave para la mayoría de las especies vegetales. Seidentificaron 18 morfoespecies de semillas, incluyendo Calycolpus moritzianus, nuevo recias en la germinación de semillas obtenidas de las excretas y aquellas extraídas del fruto directamente.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47625487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85071
Aída Otálora Ardila, Hugo Arevalo
The edge effect is one of the consequences of forest fragmentation and is one of the main drivers of alteration of ecological and ecosystem processes. Trophic guilds and species of bats have shown differential responses to this phenomenon. Our goal was to describe the change in bat species richness, abundance, evenness, and species composition of trophic guilds associated with a matrix edge-forest interior gradient. Therefore, we conducted a bat sampling with 16 mist nets covering such gradient in four sub-andean forest fragments (10-50 ha). In total, we captured 566 individuals of 21 species of phyllostomid bats. Bat species richness and abundance were higher in the matrix and edge and were similar between fragments. Evenness showed the lowest values in the matrix and forest edge and was different between forest patches. Some shrub frugivorous bats were more abundant in the edge, and others were more abundant in two fragments. Species composition of canopy frugivorous bats was similar along the gradient but was significantly different between fragments. In contrast, the species composition of nectarivores was similar throughout the matrix-interior forest gradient and between patches. Our data suggest that bat responses at assemblage-level are affected by the disturbance gradient from the matrix to forest interior, even at short distances form fragment borders, and are dependent on the trophic guild.
{"title":"Effect of the matrix-edge-forest interior gradient on the phyllostomid bats assemblage in sub-Andean forest fragments","authors":"Aída Otálora Ardila, Hugo Arevalo","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85071","url":null,"abstract":"The edge effect is one of the consequences of forest fragmentation and is one of the main drivers of alteration of ecological and ecosystem processes. Trophic guilds and species of bats have shown differential responses to this phenomenon. Our goal was to describe the change in bat species richness, abundance, evenness, and species composition of trophic guilds associated with a matrix edge-forest interior gradient. Therefore, we conducted a bat sampling with 16 mist nets covering such gradient in four sub-andean forest fragments (10-50 ha). In total, we captured 566 individuals of 21 species of phyllostomid bats. Bat species richness and abundance were higher in the matrix and edge and were similar between fragments. Evenness showed the lowest values in the matrix and forest edge and was different between forest patches. Some shrub frugivorous bats were more abundant in the edge, and others were more abundant in two fragments. Species composition of canopy frugivorous bats was similar along the gradient but was significantly different between fragments. In contrast, the species composition of nectarivores was similar throughout the matrix-interior forest gradient and between patches. Our data suggest that bat responses at assemblage-level are affected by the disturbance gradient from the matrix to forest interior, even at short distances form fragment borders, and are dependent on the trophic guild.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46168694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85463
B. Gómez-Valencia, Hugo Lopez-Arevalo, Marcela Gómez-Laverde
A list of small non-volant mammal species (PMNV) is presented for three localities of the Colombian central Andes in an elevation range between 2500 and 3500 in the Rio Blanco reserve. In addition, a compilation of the studies of ecology and distribution of small mammals in the Colombian Andes is made to provide inputs for the future identification of patterns along these gradients.
{"title":"Pequeños mamíferos no voladores de la Reserva Rio Blanco y aporte de localidades para la identificación de patrones ecológicos en los andes colombianos","authors":"B. Gómez-Valencia, Hugo Lopez-Arevalo, Marcela Gómez-Laverde","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85463","url":null,"abstract":"A list of small non-volant mammal species (PMNV) is presented for three localities of the Colombian central Andes in an elevation range between 2500 and 3500 in the Rio Blanco reserve. In addition, a compilation of the studies of ecology and distribution of small mammals in the Colombian Andes is made to provide inputs for the future identification of patterns along these gradients.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44309759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85424
Miguel E. Rodríguez-Posada, Darwin M. Morales-Martínez, H. Ramírez-Chaves, Daniela Martínez-Medina, Camilo A. Calderón-Acevedo
The South American bats of the genus Histiotus comprise between four and eight species, but their taxonomy has been controversial and the limits between species and their distribution are not well understood. In Colombia, Histiotus humboldti and H. montanus colombiae have been recorded, but undescribed species has been suggested. We evaluated the species richness and distribution of Colombian Histiotus using morphological, molecular, and acoustic traits. Our results evidence three species in Colombia, the two previously recorded taxa and a new species from the Cordillera Central of Colombia and northern Ecuador that we describe here. We also revalidated H. colombiae as a full species. H. humboldti is widely distributed in the Colombian and Ecuadorean Andes and can be sympatric with the other two species. H. colombiae is restricted to the Colombian Cordillera Oriental. Finally, we highlight the potential hidden diversity within Histiotus in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes, the need to resolve the evolutionary relationships of the genus, and its implications to the understanding of the processes that have structured the Andean mammal fauna.
{"title":"A new species of Long-eared Brown Bat of the genus Histiotus (Chiroptera) and the revalidation of Histiotus colombiae","authors":"Miguel E. Rodríguez-Posada, Darwin M. Morales-Martínez, H. Ramírez-Chaves, Daniela Martínez-Medina, Camilo A. Calderón-Acevedo","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.85424","url":null,"abstract":"The South American bats of the genus Histiotus comprise between four and eight species, but their taxonomy has been controversial and the limits between species and their distribution are not well understood. In Colombia, Histiotus humboldti and H. montanus colombiae have been recorded, but undescribed species has been suggested. We evaluated the species richness and distribution of Colombian Histiotus using morphological, molecular, and acoustic traits. Our results evidence three species in Colombia, the two previously recorded taxa and a new species from the Cordillera Central of Colombia and northern Ecuador that we describe here. We also revalidated H. colombiae as a full species. H. humboldti is widely distributed in the Colombian and Ecuadorean Andes and can be sympatric with the other two species. H. colombiae is restricted to the Colombian Cordillera Oriental. Finally, we highlight the potential hidden diversity within Histiotus in the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes, the need to resolve the evolutionary relationships of the genus, and its implications to the understanding of the processes that have structured the Andean mammal fauna.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45061125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.91580
José Rogelio Prisciliano-Vázquez, Elena Galindo-Aguilar, M. Lavariega, María Delfina Luna-Krauletz, Mayra Karen Espinoza-Ramírez, R. Tapia, Cecilia Alfonso-Corrado
The jaguar (Panthera onca) has been experiencing a considerable range reduction due to habitat loss and poaching. Habitat suitability models have identified areas likely to maintain populations, but field data are scarce for several of them. Between 2012 and 2017, we investigated the jaguar occurrence in 35 communities of the Chinantla region, southern Mexico, throughout camera trapping in non-systematic surveys. We recorded 124 independent events of 23 jaguars in thirteen communities. Jaguars recorded over the years, couples and pregnant females are highlighted in the Chinantla region as a stronghold to the jaguar.
{"title":"Occurrence of jaguar ( Panthera onca ) in the Chinantla region, southern Mexico","authors":"José Rogelio Prisciliano-Vázquez, Elena Galindo-Aguilar, M. Lavariega, María Delfina Luna-Krauletz, Mayra Karen Espinoza-Ramírez, R. Tapia, Cecilia Alfonso-Corrado","doi":"10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.91580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/CALDASIA.V43N2.91580","url":null,"abstract":"The jaguar (Panthera onca) has been experiencing a considerable range reduction due to habitat loss and poaching. Habitat suitability models have identified areas likely to maintain populations, but field data are scarce for several of them. Between 2012 and 2017, we investigated the jaguar occurrence in 35 communities of the Chinantla region, southern Mexico, throughout camera trapping in non-systematic surveys. We recorded 124 independent events of 23 jaguars in thirteen communities. Jaguars recorded over the years, couples and pregnant females are highlighted in the Chinantla region as a stronghold to the jaguar.","PeriodicalId":55293,"journal":{"name":"Caldasia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45463127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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