Pub Date : 2022-05-03DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.328
Conner M. Lay, Morgan E Sindall, Sheldon K. McLetchie, D. McLetchie
Abstract. Phytochromes are important in allowing plants to sense and react to environmental changes. We investigated the similarities and differences of sexual and asexual offspring of a tropical liverwort (Marchantia inflexa). We expected that both types of dispersing offspring will have similar germination responses to ensure that the resulting individual will be established in a viable microhabitat. This expectation contrasts with the different germination responses found in M. polymorpha offspring. Sexual (spores) and asexual (gemmae) offspring of M. inflexa were subjected to differing light qualities and quantities to test for phytochrome involvement in germination. Proportions of offspring germinated were then compared within each type of offspring. We also compared the DNA and protein of the phytochrome and the phytochrome-interacting factor of M. polymorpha with M. inflexa to test for similarity. Sexual and asexual offspring of M. inflexa germination responses were consistent with being phytochrome-mediated, which will likely result in both germinating in similar microhabitats. Interestingly, this pattern differs from reports for M. polymorpha spores where germination is mediated by photosynthesis. The two species provide novel insights into the evolution of phytochrome functionality within a genus. Between the two species the DNA and protein of the phytochrome was conserved but the DNA and protein of the phytochrome-interacting factor less so.
{"title":"Sexual and asexual offspring germination in a tropical liverwort is mediated by phytochromes","authors":"Conner M. Lay, Morgan E Sindall, Sheldon K. McLetchie, D. McLetchie","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.328","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Phytochromes are important in allowing plants to sense and react to environmental changes. We investigated the similarities and differences of sexual and asexual offspring of a tropical liverwort (Marchantia inflexa). We expected that both types of dispersing offspring will have similar germination responses to ensure that the resulting individual will be established in a viable microhabitat. This expectation contrasts with the different germination responses found in M. polymorpha offspring. Sexual (spores) and asexual (gemmae) offspring of M. inflexa were subjected to differing light qualities and quantities to test for phytochrome involvement in germination. Proportions of offspring germinated were then compared within each type of offspring. We also compared the DNA and protein of the phytochrome and the phytochrome-interacting factor of M. polymorpha with M. inflexa to test for similarity. Sexual and asexual offspring of M. inflexa germination responses were consistent with being phytochrome-mediated, which will likely result in both germinating in similar microhabitats. Interestingly, this pattern differs from reports for M. polymorpha spores where germination is mediated by photosynthesis. The two species provide novel insights into the evolution of phytochrome functionality within a genus. Between the two species the DNA and protein of the phytochrome was conserved but the DNA and protein of the phytochrome-interacting factor less so.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"328 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49316179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.248
P. Diederich, A. Millanes, J. Etayo, P. V. D. van den Boom, M. Wedin
Abstract. While most lichenicolous fungi belong to the Ascomycota, c. 5% of them are members of the Basidiomycota. Among these, the poorly known genus Crittendenia in the Pucciniomycotina has recently been described for lichenicolous fungi with minuscule needle-like synnematous basidiomata. Although only two species were hitherto known, the wide observed host-spectrum suggested a larger number of mainly host-specific species. A classical revision using morphological characters alone proved to be virtually impossible, because of the large variability of the material from each host genus, and the scant morphological differences between hypothetically distinct species from different hosts. We studied over sixty specimens and made a large number of measurements of the available morphological characters. We additionally generated 18 ITS and 21 nuLSU rDNA sequences and conducted maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. We also performed one species delimitation analysis (bPTP-ML). By combining sometimes subtle morphological differences, host choice and phylogenetic results, we were able to accept eighteen morphologically and/or genetically distinct species, all confined to a single host genus or to several closely related host genera. Two further putative species are left unnamed, as richer material is needed and molecular data are missing. Sixteen new species are described: Crittendenia absistentis (on Bacidia absistens), C. bacidinae (on Bacidina apiahica), C. bryostigmatis (on Bryostigma muscigenum), C. byssolomatis (on Byssoloma maderense), C. crassitunicata (on Melanohalea ushuaiensis), C. heterodermiae (on Heterodermia comosa), C. hypotrachynae (on Hypotrachyna), C. kakouettae (on ‘Byssoloma’ kakouettae), C. lecanorae (on Lecanora), C. lecidellae (on Lecidella elaeochroma), C. lopadii (on Lopadium disciforme), C. parvispora (on Bacidia), C. physciiphila (on Phaeophyscia, Physcia and Physciella), C. physconiae (on Physconia distorta), C. stictae (on Sticta fuliginosa) and C. teloschistis (on Teloschistes). Further, a ML analysis of the Agaricostilbomycetes using ITS and nuLSU sequences suggested that Crittendenia cannot be included in any known family, and the new family Crittendeniaceae is therefore described for the genus.
{"title":"Finding the needle in the haystack: a revision of Crittendenia, a surprisingly diverse lichenicolous genus of Agaricostilbomycetes, Pucciniomycotina","authors":"P. Diederich, A. Millanes, J. Etayo, P. V. D. van den Boom, M. Wedin","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.248","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. While most lichenicolous fungi belong to the Ascomycota, c. 5% of them are members of the Basidiomycota. Among these, the poorly known genus Crittendenia in the Pucciniomycotina has recently been described for lichenicolous fungi with minuscule needle-like synnematous basidiomata. Although only two species were hitherto known, the wide observed host-spectrum suggested a larger number of mainly host-specific species. A classical revision using morphological characters alone proved to be virtually impossible, because of the large variability of the material from each host genus, and the scant morphological differences between hypothetically distinct species from different hosts. We studied over sixty specimens and made a large number of measurements of the available morphological characters. We additionally generated 18 ITS and 21 nuLSU rDNA sequences and conducted maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. We also performed one species delimitation analysis (bPTP-ML). By combining sometimes subtle morphological differences, host choice and phylogenetic results, we were able to accept eighteen morphologically and/or genetically distinct species, all confined to a single host genus or to several closely related host genera. Two further putative species are left unnamed, as richer material is needed and molecular data are missing. Sixteen new species are described: Crittendenia absistentis (on Bacidia absistens), C. bacidinae (on Bacidina apiahica), C. bryostigmatis (on Bryostigma muscigenum), C. byssolomatis (on Byssoloma maderense), C. crassitunicata (on Melanohalea ushuaiensis), C. heterodermiae (on Heterodermia comosa), C. hypotrachynae (on Hypotrachyna), C. kakouettae (on ‘Byssoloma’ kakouettae), C. lecanorae (on Lecanora), C. lecidellae (on Lecidella elaeochroma), C. lopadii (on Lopadium disciforme), C. parvispora (on Bacidia), C. physciiphila (on Phaeophyscia, Physcia and Physciella), C. physconiae (on Physconia distorta), C. stictae (on Sticta fuliginosa) and C. teloschistis (on Teloschistes). Further, a ML analysis of the Agaricostilbomycetes using ITS and nuLSU sequences suggested that Crittendenia cannot be included in any known family, and the new family Crittendeniaceae is therefore described for the genus.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"248 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44762230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.311
J. Enroth, Sanna Olsson, S. Huttunen, D. Quandt
Abstract. Phylogenetic relationships of species within the pleurocarpous moss genus Neckera s.l. (Neckeraceae) are reconstructed based on three genomic regions: the plastid rps4-trnT-trnL-trnF cluster and the rpl16 group II intron, as well as the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). The phylogenetic reconstruction suggests numerous taxonomic changes within the Neckeraceae. Two unispecific Asian genera are described as new: Taiwanobryopsis to accommodate Neckera warburgii, and Indoneckera to accommodate Neckera himalayana. Seven of the other “Neckera” species, all distributed in Asia, are transferred to Forsstroemia, and a further four Asian species to Taiwanobryum. Six Southern Hemisphere or tropical species (one from New Zealand, one from Africa, four from South America) are transferred to Alleniella. After these adjustments, Neckera becomes a northern hemisphere, mainly temperate, genus of c. 10 species that are absent from the tropics. It is in this context morphologically characterized by lack of paraphyllia (except N. californica) and an absent or weak costa. Alleniella has two species—the first diverging lineages—in the northern hemisphere, but the rest of the currently 15 species are distributed in the southern hemisphere and most of the species occur in mountain habitats in the tropics; it is however absent from tropical Asia and very scarce in Asia in general. Twelve of the 15 species have paraphyllia, which is the clearest morphological distinction from Neckera. Forsstroemia with 19 species, heavily concentrated in Asia, is the largest genus in the Neckeraceae. Clearly longer and more distinct costa distinguishes the genus from Neckera and Alleniella. Taiwanobryum is a morphologically heterogeneous Asian genus of nine species. Neckera decurrens Broth. is synonymized with Forsstroemia fauriei and Neckera valentiniana Besch. with Alleniella ehrenbergii.
{"title":"Neckera, Forsstroemia and Alleniella (Neckeraceae, Bryophyta) redefined based on phylogenetic analyses","authors":"J. Enroth, Sanna Olsson, S. Huttunen, D. Quandt","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.311","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Phylogenetic relationships of species within the pleurocarpous moss genus Neckera s.l. (Neckeraceae) are reconstructed based on three genomic regions: the plastid rps4-trnT-trnL-trnF cluster and the rpl16 group II intron, as well as the internal transcribed spacer region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2). The phylogenetic reconstruction suggests numerous taxonomic changes within the Neckeraceae. Two unispecific Asian genera are described as new: Taiwanobryopsis to accommodate Neckera warburgii, and Indoneckera to accommodate Neckera himalayana. Seven of the other “Neckera” species, all distributed in Asia, are transferred to Forsstroemia, and a further four Asian species to Taiwanobryum. Six Southern Hemisphere or tropical species (one from New Zealand, one from Africa, four from South America) are transferred to Alleniella. After these adjustments, Neckera becomes a northern hemisphere, mainly temperate, genus of c. 10 species that are absent from the tropics. It is in this context morphologically characterized by lack of paraphyllia (except N. californica) and an absent or weak costa. Alleniella has two species—the first diverging lineages—in the northern hemisphere, but the rest of the currently 15 species are distributed in the southern hemisphere and most of the species occur in mountain habitats in the tropics; it is however absent from tropical Asia and very scarce in Asia in general. Twelve of the 15 species have paraphyllia, which is the clearest morphological distinction from Neckera. Forsstroemia with 19 species, heavily concentrated in Asia, is the largest genus in the Neckeraceae. Clearly longer and more distinct costa distinguishes the genus from Neckera and Alleniella. Taiwanobryum is a morphologically heterogeneous Asian genus of nine species. Neckera decurrens Broth. is synonymized with Forsstroemia fauriei and Neckera valentiniana Besch. with Alleniella ehrenbergii.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"311 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46542328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-08DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.294
Marta Nieto-Lugilde, S. Robinson, Blanka Aguero, Aaron M. Duffy, Karn Imwattana, K. Hassel, K. Flatberg, H. Stenøien, A. Shkurko, V. Fedosov, A. J. Shaw
Abstract. Species delimitation is problematic in many plant groups and among the mosses, Sphagnum is one of the more contentious genera because of high levels of morphological variation. The allopolyploid species, Sphagnum majus, comprises one such problematic complex. Two morphologically differentiated but overlapping subspecies have been described. We conducted morphometric and molecular analyses with samples from around the Northern Hemisphere to test for phenotypic and phylogenetic differentiation between the subspecies. Although field collections of the two species can be statistically differentiated morphologically, there is substantial overlap. Genome-scale molecular data do not suggest any differentiation between S. majus ssp. majus and ssp. norvegicum, including samples assigned to the two taxa from sympatric sites. Sequence data from the plastid genome were employed to infer parentage of allopolyploid S. majus. Our results support the hypothesis that S. annulatum is the paternal parent and S. cuspidatum is the maternal parent. We conclude that the morphological differences between them are either plastic responses to habitat heterogeneity or segregating genetic variation within a single taxon. Formal taxonomic recognition of two taxa is not supported by our molecular data.
{"title":"Morphological-molecular incongruence in Sphagnum majus ssp. majus and ssp. norvegicum","authors":"Marta Nieto-Lugilde, S. Robinson, Blanka Aguero, Aaron M. Duffy, Karn Imwattana, K. Hassel, K. Flatberg, H. Stenøien, A. Shkurko, V. Fedosov, A. J. Shaw","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.294","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Species delimitation is problematic in many plant groups and among the mosses, Sphagnum is one of the more contentious genera because of high levels of morphological variation. The allopolyploid species, Sphagnum majus, comprises one such problematic complex. Two morphologically differentiated but overlapping subspecies have been described. We conducted morphometric and molecular analyses with samples from around the Northern Hemisphere to test for phenotypic and phylogenetic differentiation between the subspecies. Although field collections of the two species can be statistically differentiated morphologically, there is substantial overlap. Genome-scale molecular data do not suggest any differentiation between S. majus ssp. majus and ssp. norvegicum, including samples assigned to the two taxa from sympatric sites. Sequence data from the plastid genome were employed to infer parentage of allopolyploid S. majus. Our results support the hypothesis that S. annulatum is the paternal parent and S. cuspidatum is the maternal parent. We conclude that the morphological differences between them are either plastic responses to habitat heterogeneity or segregating genetic variation within a single taxon. Formal taxonomic recognition of two taxa is not supported by our molecular data.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"294 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44330573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01Epub Date: 2022-03-05DOI: 10.1007/s11517-022-02533-z
L Forsyth, J Bonacci, C Childs
Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with recurring symptoms that inhibit daily activity. Stability-based rehabilitative training is recommended for CAI. Visualisation (VIS) produces real-time feedback using motion capture and virtual reality. This pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility, adherence, safety, and efficacy of incorporating VIS into stability training for people with CAI. Efficacy was examined through effect of VIS training on dynamic stability, perception of stability, and rehabilitative experience. Individuals with CAI completed a 4-week stability-based training programme with VIS, or without visualisation (NO-VIS). Participants completed the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) prior to, and after training. Enjoyment of training was recorded using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES-8). Of 17 participants (VIS = 10, NO-VIS = 7), there were 2 drop outs (VIS = 1, NO-VIS = 1). No adverse events were reported, and participant drop-out was due to injury unrelated to the study. The VIS group showed a significantly greater increase in average SEBT reach distance (d = 1.7, p = 0.02). No significant differences were reported for the CAIT or PACES-8. This study supports the feasibility and safety of stability-based training with VIS in those with CAI. The enhanced performance outcome on the SEBT suggests VIS may enhance stability-based training.
慢性踝关节不稳定（CAI）与反复出现的症状有关，这些症状会妨碍日常活动。建议对 CAI 进行以稳定性为基础的康复训练。可视化（VIS）利用动作捕捉和虚拟现实技术产生实时反馈。这项试点研究旨在确定将可视化技术融入 CAI 患者稳定性训练的可行性、依从性、安全性和有效性。疗效通过 VIS 训练对动态稳定性、稳定性感知和康复体验的影响进行检验。患有 CAI 的患者完成了一项为期 4 周的稳定性训练计划，训练中使用了 VIS 或未使用 VIS（无 VIS）。参与者在训练前和训练后分别完成了星形激越平衡测试（SEBT）和坎伯兰踝关节不稳定性工具（CAIT）。使用体力活动享受量表（PACES-8）记录训练的乐趣。在 17 名参与者（VIS = 10，NO-VIS = 7）中，有 2 人退出（VIS = 1，NO-VIS = 1）。没有不良事件报告，参与者退出的原因是受伤，与研究无关。VIS 组的 SEBT 平均到达距离明显增加（d = 1.7，p = 0.02）。CAIT和PACES-8则无明显差异。这项研究证明了在 CAI 患者中使用 VIS 进行稳定性训练的可行性和安全性。SEBT成绩的提高表明，VIS可以增强基于稳定性的训练。
{"title":"A pilot randomised control trial of the efficacy of stability-based training with visualisation for people with chronic ankle instability.","authors":"L Forsyth, J Bonacci, C Childs","doi":"10.1007/s11517-022-02533-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11517-022-02533-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is associated with recurring symptoms that inhibit daily activity. Stability-based rehabilitative training is recommended for CAI. Visualisation (VIS) produces real-time feedback using motion capture and virtual reality. This pilot study aimed to determine the feasibility, adherence, safety, and efficacy of incorporating VIS into stability training for people with CAI. Efficacy was examined through effect of VIS training on dynamic stability, perception of stability, and rehabilitative experience. Individuals with CAI completed a 4-week stability-based training programme with VIS, or without visualisation (NO-VIS). Participants completed the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) prior to, and after training. Enjoyment of training was recorded using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES-8). Of 17 participants (VIS = 10, NO-VIS = 7), there were 2 drop outs (VIS = 1, NO-VIS = 1). No adverse events were reported, and participant drop-out was due to injury unrelated to the study. The VIS group showed a significantly greater increase in average SEBT reach distance (d = 1.7, p = 0.02). No significant differences were reported for the CAIT or PACES-8. This study supports the feasibility and safety of stability-based training with VIS in those with CAI. The enhanced performance outcome on the SEBT suggests VIS may enhance stability-based training.</p>","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"72 1","pages":"1199-1209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8933360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89493488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.219
Jessica L. Allen, C. Scheidegger
Photobiont sharing among lichens within communities is a well-documented phenomenon, especially among closely related fungal species that form photobiont-mediated guilds (Dal Grande et al. 2014; Rikkinen et al. 2002). Species of Lobaria and other closely related genera that associate with Symbiochloris reticulata are one example of a photobiont-mediated guild that have been the subject of extensive research (Dal Grande et al. 2014). In their study, Dal Grande et al. (2014) compared algal multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) at one site in Taiwan and one site in Madeira among four species of Dendriscosticta, 16 species of Lobaria, and one species of Ricasolia, and, using pairwise FST values, found the species did not associate with significantly different green algal partners when they co-occurred. Green algal symbiont sharing has also been documented between the predominantly sexually reproducing Umbilicaria spodochroa and predominantly vegetatively reproducing Lasallia pustulata (Hestmark et al 2016). Werth (2012) recovered a more complex pattern of compartmentalization in Ramalina menziesii and adjacent lichen species. Photobiont sharing may also occur with co-occurring non-lichen organisms, such as liverworts (Cornejo & Scheidegger 2016).
群落内地衣之间的光生物共享是一个有充分记录的现象，特别是在形成光生物介导的行会的密切相关的真菌物种之间(Dal Grande et al. 2014;Rikkinen et al. 2002)。与网状共生绿藻(Symbiochloris reticulata)相关的Lobaria物种和其他密切相关的属是光生物介导的行会的一个例子，已经成为广泛研究的主题(Dal Grande et al. 2014)。Dal Grande et al.(2014)在他们的研究中，比较了4种Dendriscosticta、16种Lobaria和1种Ricasolia在台湾和马德拉的一个地点的藻类多位点基因型(mlg)，并使用两两FST值发现，当这些物种共同发生时，它们与显著不同的绿藻伴侣没有关联。在主要有性繁殖的脐带和主要无性繁殖的Lasallia pustulata之间也有绿藻共生体共享的记录(Hestmark et al . 2016)。Werth(2012)在Ramalina menziesii和邻近的地衣物种中发现了更复杂的区隔模式。光生物共享也可能发生在共生的非地衣生物，如苔类(Cornejo & Scheidegger 2016)。
{"title":"Short Communication: Co-occurring Lobaria pulmonaria and Ricasolia quercizans share green algal photobionts: Consequences for conservation","authors":"Jessica L. Allen, C. Scheidegger","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.219","url":null,"abstract":"Photobiont sharing among lichens within communities is a well-documented phenomenon, especially among closely related fungal species that form photobiont-mediated guilds (Dal Grande et al. 2014; Rikkinen et al. 2002). Species of Lobaria and other closely related genera that associate with Symbiochloris reticulata are one example of a photobiont-mediated guild that have been the subject of extensive research (Dal Grande et al. 2014). In their study, Dal Grande et al. (2014) compared algal multi-locus genotypes (MLGs) at one site in Taiwan and one site in Madeira among four species of Dendriscosticta, 16 species of Lobaria, and one species of Ricasolia, and, using pairwise FST values, found the species did not associate with significantly different green algal partners when they co-occurred. Green algal symbiont sharing has also been documented between the predominantly sexually reproducing Umbilicaria spodochroa and predominantly vegetatively reproducing Lasallia pustulata (Hestmark et al 2016). Werth (2012) recovered a more complex pattern of compartmentalization in Ramalina menziesii and adjacent lichen species. Photobiont sharing may also occur with co-occurring non-lichen organisms, such as liverworts (Cornejo & Scheidegger 2016).","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"219 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41452535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-21DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.222
Robin A. Lewis, Jessica M. Budke
Abstract. Discussions of curation practices for bryophyte collections have a long history in the literature dating back to the 19th and 20th centuries. This study aims to 1) document and synthesize the range of bryophyte storage and organization systems staff report using in European and North American herbaria, as well as the rationale behind these practices; 2) compare/contrast these practices and rationale with the curation preferences and rationale of active herbarium users; and 3) facilitate further discussion regarding practices for curating bryophyte collections. We collected survey data regarding staff curation practices at and user curation preferences for bryophyte collections in Europe and North America. We used regression models and thematic analysis to analyze our quantitative data and qualitative data, respectively. We found that institutional demographics, such as geographic location, institution type, and total herbarium size are significant predictors of bryophyte specimen storage and organization practices, and that user demographics, such as age, active bryology research agenda, and current primary title were significant predictors of the storage preferences of herbarium users. The most common theme that emerged in the practice/preference explanations of staff members and herbarium users was convenience/accessibility. Other prevalent themes in staff and user explanations for their bryophyte curation practices/preferences include physical factors, inherited tradition, lack of expertise, and phylogenetic/taxonomic concerns. Our findings also suggest the context in which members of the bryological community operate plays a significant role in shaping individuals' curation practices/preferences, including both institutional and user demographics. We conclude by offering a discussion of recommendations for bryophyte specimen storage and organization at herbaria.
{"title":"Bryophyte specimen organization and storage systems: A comparative assessment of staff practices and user preferences","authors":"Robin A. Lewis, Jessica M. Budke","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.2.222","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Discussions of curation practices for bryophyte collections have a long history in the literature dating back to the 19th and 20th centuries. This study aims to 1) document and synthesize the range of bryophyte storage and organization systems staff report using in European and North American herbaria, as well as the rationale behind these practices; 2) compare/contrast these practices and rationale with the curation preferences and rationale of active herbarium users; and 3) facilitate further discussion regarding practices for curating bryophyte collections. We collected survey data regarding staff curation practices at and user curation preferences for bryophyte collections in Europe and North America. We used regression models and thematic analysis to analyze our quantitative data and qualitative data, respectively. We found that institutional demographics, such as geographic location, institution type, and total herbarium size are significant predictors of bryophyte specimen storage and organization practices, and that user demographics, such as age, active bryology research agenda, and current primary title were significant predictors of the storage preferences of herbarium users. The most common theme that emerged in the practice/preference explanations of staff members and herbarium users was convenience/accessibility. Other prevalent themes in staff and user explanations for their bryophyte curation practices/preferences include physical factors, inherited tradition, lack of expertise, and phylogenetic/taxonomic concerns. Our findings also suggest the context in which members of the bryological community operate plays a significant role in shaping individuals' curation practices/preferences, including both institutional and user demographics. We conclude by offering a discussion of recommendations for bryophyte specimen storage and organization at herbaria.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"222 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43455078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.215
M. Burghardt
In May 2021, the liverwort and hornwort flora of Colombia and Ecuador was finally published. After being delayed twice, certainly due to the Covid-19 pandemic, it was eagerly received and could be called an opus magnum of a long career in hepaticology. Having worked and published for over 50 years in this field, the author of this flora, S. Robbert Gradstein, is an accomplished bryologist on an international level and considered the foremost expert on Neotropical liverworts. This rather sizable book, with over 700 pages, is divided into several parts, starting with a brief introduction and a chapter on diversity and endemism. A classification precedes the taxonomic treatment, which, with about 620 pages, is the most extensive segment occupying the bulk of the book. A glossary, references, and an index to scientific names conclude the flora. The reviewer’s assessment of this book is from an Ecuadorian point of view; his knowledge of the Colombian aspects of this publication is limited. Evaluating such an extensive work like the present one is a tedious task, and hardly all observations can be referred to on a few pages; therefore, the comments are limited to some examples. In the abbreviations section, two of the twentyfour provinces of Ecuador are missing and do not appear throughout the book. In the case of Santa Elena, it might be understandable since probably neither collections nor reports of liverworts and hornworts from that province exist. For Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas, however, at least some liverwort species are documented; see Burghardt (2021) for a brief discussion. The classification follows Söderström et al. (2016) with minor deviations, like the distinction of Adelanthaceae and Jamesoniellaceae, the inclusion of Anastrophyllaceae in Scapaniaceae, and Southbyaceae in Arnelliaceae, among others. The taxonomic treatment comprises keys and descriptions of about 850 species, consisting of 830 liverworts and 20 hornworts, including the proposal of about a dozen new combinations, species, and subspecies. Furthermore, treatments of several genera like Acrobolbus, Lejeunea, and Lophocolea, among others, are revised. A broad morphological species concept is presented throughout the book, reflected by the proposal of about 100 new synonyms. Seventy plates illustrate almost all genera and about half of the species. Generally, the keys work well. However, the key to the Plagiochila species, including over 100 couplets, is very complex and, at times, challenging to use. Maybe this is owed to the sixty-five species involved and the extreme morphological plasticity of some common species, which key out several times. Nevertheless, it is unclear why the author did not break this key down into several shorter keys as he has done with Lejeunea, a similarly specious genus. There exists conflicting information on the status of Gongylanthus oniscoides (Spruce) Steph.
{"title":"A new liverwort and hornwort flora for the northern Andes","authors":"M. Burghardt","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.215","url":null,"abstract":"In May 2021, the liverwort and hornwort flora of Colombia and Ecuador was finally published. After being delayed twice, certainly due to the Covid-19 pandemic, it was eagerly received and could be called an opus magnum of a long career in hepaticology. Having worked and published for over 50 years in this field, the author of this flora, S. Robbert Gradstein, is an accomplished bryologist on an international level and considered the foremost expert on Neotropical liverworts. This rather sizable book, with over 700 pages, is divided into several parts, starting with a brief introduction and a chapter on diversity and endemism. A classification precedes the taxonomic treatment, which, with about 620 pages, is the most extensive segment occupying the bulk of the book. A glossary, references, and an index to scientific names conclude the flora. The reviewer’s assessment of this book is from an Ecuadorian point of view; his knowledge of the Colombian aspects of this publication is limited. Evaluating such an extensive work like the present one is a tedious task, and hardly all observations can be referred to on a few pages; therefore, the comments are limited to some examples. In the abbreviations section, two of the twentyfour provinces of Ecuador are missing and do not appear throughout the book. In the case of Santa Elena, it might be understandable since probably neither collections nor reports of liverworts and hornworts from that province exist. For Santo Domingo de Los Tsáchilas, however, at least some liverwort species are documented; see Burghardt (2021) for a brief discussion. The classification follows Söderström et al. (2016) with minor deviations, like the distinction of Adelanthaceae and Jamesoniellaceae, the inclusion of Anastrophyllaceae in Scapaniaceae, and Southbyaceae in Arnelliaceae, among others. The taxonomic treatment comprises keys and descriptions of about 850 species, consisting of 830 liverworts and 20 hornworts, including the proposal of about a dozen new combinations, species, and subspecies. Furthermore, treatments of several genera like Acrobolbus, Lejeunea, and Lophocolea, among others, are revised. A broad morphological species concept is presented throughout the book, reflected by the proposal of about 100 new synonyms. Seventy plates illustrate almost all genera and about half of the species. Generally, the keys work well. However, the key to the Plagiochila species, including over 100 couplets, is very complex and, at times, challenging to use. Maybe this is owed to the sixty-five species involved and the extreme morphological plasticity of some common species, which key out several times. Nevertheless, it is unclear why the author did not break this key down into several shorter keys as he has done with Lejeunea, a similarly specious genus. There exists conflicting information on the status of Gongylanthus oniscoides (Spruce) Steph.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"215 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49612443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.157
D. Stone, B. McCune
Abstract. Leptogium bacatum is described as a new species with spherical-celled (moniliform) hairs and Leptogium umpquaense has matted, tangled hairs on the upper surface. Both are in the so-called section Mallotium. The species differ in morphology and DNA sequences from others in this group. We supplement existing GenBank data with new ITS and nuLSU sequences for 12 Leptogium specimens from Arizona, California, Mexico, New Mexico, Oregon, Nova Scotia and Ontario. Leptogium bacatum is distinguished by a medium-sized thallus, lobes to 6 mm wide, with long, distinct longitudinal wrinkles so that lobes look stretched, a lower surface covered with short (to 40 µm), fine, spherical-celled tomentum, numerous laminal and marginal lobules and granular to cylindrical isidia. The known range is northern California and New Mexico. Leptogium umpquaense has matted, tangled white hairs on the upper and lower surfaces and produces prolific coralloid to flattened isidia in dense groups along the margins, giving the thallus the look of a cauliflower. We provide a key to the Leptogium species known from western North America.
{"title":"Two new hairy Leptogium (Collemataceae) species from western North America","authors":"D. Stone, B. McCune","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Leptogium bacatum is described as a new species with spherical-celled (moniliform) hairs and Leptogium umpquaense has matted, tangled hairs on the upper surface. Both are in the so-called section Mallotium. The species differ in morphology and DNA sequences from others in this group. We supplement existing GenBank data with new ITS and nuLSU sequences for 12 Leptogium specimens from Arizona, California, Mexico, New Mexico, Oregon, Nova Scotia and Ontario. Leptogium bacatum is distinguished by a medium-sized thallus, lobes to 6 mm wide, with long, distinct longitudinal wrinkles so that lobes look stretched, a lower surface covered with short (to 40 µm), fine, spherical-celled tomentum, numerous laminal and marginal lobules and granular to cylindrical isidia. The known range is northern California and New Mexico. Leptogium umpquaense has matted, tangled white hairs on the upper and lower surfaces and produces prolific coralloid to flattened isidia in dense groups along the margins, giving the thallus the look of a cauliflower. We provide a key to the Leptogium species known from western North America.","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"157 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46139966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-24DOI: 10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.186
J. Atwood, W. Buck
] Czerepko, J., R. Gawryś, R. Szymczyk, W. Pisarek, M. Janek, A. Haidt, A. Kowalewska, A. Piegdoń, A. Stebel, M. Kukwa & C. Cacciatori. 2021. How sensitive are epiphytic and epixylic cryptogams as indicators of forest naturalness? Testing bryophyte and lichen predictive power in stands under different management regimes in the Białowieża forest. Ecological 188 The Bryologist 125(1): 2022
{"title":"Recent literature on bryophytes — 125(1)","authors":"J. Atwood, W. Buck","doi":"10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1639/0007-2745-125.1.186","url":null,"abstract":"] Czerepko, J., R. Gawryś, R. Szymczyk, W. Pisarek, M. Janek, A. Haidt, A. Kowalewska, A. Piegdoń, A. Stebel, M. Kukwa & C. Cacciatori. 2021. How sensitive are epiphytic and epixylic cryptogams as indicators of forest naturalness? Testing bryophyte and lichen predictive power in stands under different management regimes in the Białowieża forest. Ecological 188 The Bryologist 125(1): 2022","PeriodicalId":55319,"journal":{"name":"Bryologist","volume":"125 1","pages":"186 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48339456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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