Applications of Mathematics最新文献

We analyze a simple macroeconomic model where rational inflation expectations are replaced by a boundedly rational, and genuinely sticky, response to changes in the actual inflation rate. The stickiness is introduced in a novel way using a mathematical operator that is amenable to rigorous analysis. We prove that, when exogenous noise is absent from the system, the unique equilibrium of the rational expectations model is replaced by an entire line segment of possible equilibria with the one chosen depending, in a deterministic way, upon the previous states of the system. The agents are sufficiently far-removed from the rational expectations paradigm that problems of indeterminacy do not arise.

The response to exogenous noise is far more subtle than in a unique equilibrium model. After sufficiently small shocks the system will indeed revert to the same equilibrium but larger ones will move the system to a different one (at the same model parameters). The path to this new equilibrium may be very long with a highly unpredictable endpoint. At certain model parameters exogenously-triggered runaway inflation can occur.

Finally, we analyze a variant model in which the same form of sticky response is introduced into the interest rate rule instead.

In this paper, we first investigate the existence and uniqueness of solution for the Darboux problem with modified argument on both bounded and unbounded domains. Then, we derive different types of the Ulam stability for the proposed problem on these domains. Finally, we present some illustrative examples to support our results.

We prove that the vector play operator with a uniformly prox-regular characteristic set of constraints is continuous with respect to the BV-norm and to the BV-strict metric in the space of rectifiable curves, i.e., in the space of continuous functions of bounded variation. We do not assume any further regularity of the characteristic set. We also prove that the non-convex play operator is rate independent.

Modeling real world objects and processes one may have to deal with hysteresis effects but also with uncertainties. Following D. Davino, P. Krejčí, and C. Visone (2013), a model for a magnetostrictive material involving a generalized Prandtl-Islilinskiĭ-operator is considered here.

Using results of measurements, some parameters in the model are determined and inverse Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) is used to determine random densities to describe the remaining parameters and their uncertainties. Afterwards, the results are used to perform forward UQ and to compare the generated outputs with measured data. This extends some of the results from O. Klein, D. Davino, and C. Visone (2020).

Constitutive equations of continuum mechanics of the solid phase of anisotropic material is focused in the paper. First, a synoptic one-dimensional Maxwell model is explored, subjected to arbitrary deformation load. The explicit form is derived for stress on strain dependence. Further, the analogous explicit constitutive equation is taken in three spatial dimensions and treated mathematically. Later on, a simply supported straight concrete beam reinforced by the steel fibres is taken as an investigated domain. The reinforcement is considered and dealt as scattered within the beam. Material characteristics are determined in line with the theory of the reinforcement. Sinusoidal load is taken as the action, stress reaction function is observed. By exploitation of the Fourier transform within the stress-strain relation analysis, both time and frequency interpretation of the constitutive relation can be performed.

Newton-type methods have been successfully applied to solve the absolute value equation Ax − |x| = b (denoted by AVE). This class of methods usually solves a system of linear equations exactly in each iteration. However, for large-scale AVEs, solving the corresponding system exactly may be expensive. In this paper, we propose an inexact Newton-type method for solving the AVE. In each iteration, the proposed method solves the corresponding system only approximately. Moreover, it adopts a new line search technique, which is well-defined and easy to implement. We prove that the proposed method has global and local superlinear convergence under the condition that the interval matrix [A − I, A + I] is regular. This condition is much weaker than those used in some Newton-type methods. Numerical results show that our method has fairly good practical efficiency for solving large-scale AVEs.

We study the dynamic response of a thin viscoelastic plate made of a nonlinear Kelvin-Voigt material in bilateral contact with a rigid body along a part of its lateral boundary with Norton or Tresca friction. We opt for a direct use of the Trotter theory of convergence of semi-groups of operators acting on variable spaces. Depending on the various relative behaviors of the physical and geometrical data of the problem, the asymptotic analysis of its unique solution leads to different limit models whose properties are detailed. We highlight the appearance of an additional state variable that allows us to write these limit systems of equations in the same form as the genuine problem.

In the past years, we observed an increased interest in rate-dependent hysteresis models to characterize complex time-dependent nonlinearities in smart actuators. A natural way to include rate-dependence to the Prandtl-Ishlinskii model is to consider it as a linear combination of play operators whose thresholds are functions of time. In this work, we propose the extension of the class of rate-dependent Prandtl-Ishlinskii operators to the case of a whole continuum of play operators with time-dependent thresholds. We prove the existence of an analytical inversion formula, and illustrate its applicability in the study of error bounds for inverse compensation.