Christian Sánchez, Braulio Arpi, Andrés Vázquez Rodas, Fabian Astudillo-Salinas, L. I. Minchala
Along the last years, we have witnessed the growing demand for services, applications, and systems that depend on the specific location of both people and a variety of things and gadgets. Currently, the Global Positioning System (GPS) offers good accuracy on-location services around the world. Nevertheless, it does not work efficiently on applications that require several small, cheap, and low power devices. Under such conditions, researchers prefer to work with low-cost wireless alternatives such as WiFi, Zigbee, LoRa, Sigfox, among others. The purpose of this work is twofold. Firstly we evaluate the time-measurement and radio frequency capabilities of Pycom LoRa hardware implementation, in order to develop a low-cost and GPS-independent positioning system. Then, with these results, we propose and evaluate a positioning system with LoRa technology and based on the received signal strength indicator. Extensive field test measurements in outdoor rural environments show that we can obtain position estimation errors lesser than around 7% of the maximum distance between anchor nodes.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of RSSI-based Positioning System with Low-cost LoRa Devices","authors":"Christian Sánchez, Braulio Arpi, Andrés Vázquez Rodas, Fabian Astudillo-Salinas, L. I. Minchala","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361512","url":null,"abstract":"Along the last years, we have witnessed the growing demand for services, applications, and systems that depend on the specific location of both people and a variety of things and gadgets. Currently, the Global Positioning System (GPS) offers good accuracy on-location services around the world. Nevertheless, it does not work efficiently on applications that require several small, cheap, and low power devices. Under such conditions, researchers prefer to work with low-cost wireless alternatives such as WiFi, Zigbee, LoRa, Sigfox, among others. The purpose of this work is twofold. Firstly we evaluate the time-measurement and radio frequency capabilities of Pycom LoRa hardware implementation, in order to develop a low-cost and GPS-independent positioning system. Then, with these results, we propose and evaluate a positioning system with LoRa technology and based on the received signal strength indicator. Extensive field test measurements in outdoor rural environments show that we can obtain position estimation errors lesser than around 7% of the maximum distance between anchor nodes.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"41 1","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74632822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sebastian Placencia, Fabian Astudillo-Salinas, Andrés Vázquez Rodas, L. I. Minchala, Jhonny Guaman
The data record of the amount of rain is important for the monitoring and control of watersheds for water and soil conservation. Even more important is to be able to keep this information as up-to-date with a short latency and low cost. This article presents the design and implementation of a rainfall intensity data recording system based on the LoPy4 development board. This implementation integrates the acquisition, storage and wirelessly transmission of the data. There is a data recording system (Station Node) and a transmission forwarding system (Gateway node). In this way, a Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) architecture is achieved by using LoRa technology. This technology offers long range and low energy consumption. The results indicate a strong correlation of the data acquired by the system designed in this article and the data recorded by the reference DAVIS station.
{"title":"Rainfall Intensity Datalogger System. LoPy4-Based Design and Implementation","authors":"Sebastian Placencia, Fabian Astudillo-Salinas, Andrés Vázquez Rodas, L. I. Minchala, Jhonny Guaman","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361513","url":null,"abstract":"The data record of the amount of rain is important for the monitoring and control of watersheds for water and soil conservation. Even more important is to be able to keep this information as up-to-date with a short latency and low cost. This article presents the design and implementation of a rainfall intensity data recording system based on the LoPy4 development board. This implementation integrates the acquisition, storage and wirelessly transmission of the data. There is a data recording system (Station Node) and a transmission forwarding system (Gateway node). In this way, a Wireless Sensors Network (WSN) architecture is achieved by using LoRa technology. This technology offers long range and low energy consumption. The results indicate a strong correlation of the data acquired by the system designed in this article and the data recorded by the reference DAVIS station.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"54 1","pages":"45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89295599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents preliminary results concerning the use of modulation diversity combined with polar codes considering the transmission over Rayleigh fading channel. The main idea is to improve the performance of the communication system by adding diversity in a conventional polar coding scheme. Simulations results show that the proposed system outperforms the original one for all code lengths. For instance, gains of 8 dB in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained with the proposed system considering a code length of N=1024 and a bit error probability of 10^-3.
{"title":"Performance of Modulation Diversity with Polar Encoding in Rayleigh Fading Channel","authors":"W. Lopes, Yu Xue, E. Sousa","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361514","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents preliminary results concerning the use of modulation diversity combined with polar codes considering the transmission over Rayleigh fading channel. The main idea is to improve the performance of the communication system by adding diversity in a conventional polar coding scheme. Simulations results show that the proposed system outperforms the original one for all code lengths. For instance, gains of 8 dB in terms of the signal-to-noise ratio can be obtained with the proposed system considering a code length of N=1024 and a bit error probability of 10^-3.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"11 1","pages":"51-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84194999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, both academia and automotive industries have shown an increasing interest in autonomous driving and real-time services for new modern vehicles, including adaptive cruise control, traffic conditions, emergency alerts, and infotainment services. Wireless mobile communication is vital for the efficient delivery of such services to drivers on the road. However, the vehicles' high speed and rapid changes in their movements affect the performance of traditional wireless communication. Therefore, an efficient mobility management protocol is needed for vehicular networks. Conventional mobility management schemes yield high communication overhead and packet drop during the handover process, as it doesn't consider vehicles movements characteristic and projections. In this paper, we propose an optimized link duration-based mobility management scheme for vehicular networks, in order to reduce the network communication overhead while maintaining high packet delivery ratio and low End-to-End delay. Our model estimates the link stability between a vehicle and an access router to dynamically adjust the registration time between them. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of overhead, End-to-End delay, and packet delivery ratio. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme succeeds in reducing the communication overhead by 45% while increasing the packet delivery ratio in Urban mobility environment.
{"title":"An Optimized Link Duration-Based Mobility Management Scheme for Connected Vehicular Networks","authors":"Noura Aljeri, A. Boukerche","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361518","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, both academia and automotive industries have shown an increasing interest in autonomous driving and real-time services for new modern vehicles, including adaptive cruise control, traffic conditions, emergency alerts, and infotainment services. Wireless mobile communication is vital for the efficient delivery of such services to drivers on the road. However, the vehicles' high speed and rapid changes in their movements affect the performance of traditional wireless communication. Therefore, an efficient mobility management protocol is needed for vehicular networks. Conventional mobility management schemes yield high communication overhead and packet drop during the handover process, as it doesn't consider vehicles movements characteristic and projections. In this paper, we propose an optimized link duration-based mobility management scheme for vehicular networks, in order to reduce the network communication overhead while maintaining high packet delivery ratio and low End-to-End delay. Our model estimates the link stability between a vehicle and an access router to dynamically adjust the registration time between them. The proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of overhead, End-to-End delay, and packet delivery ratio. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme succeeds in reducing the communication overhead by 45% while increasing the packet delivery ratio in Urban mobility environment.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"29 ","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1145/3345860.3361518","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72426445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Urquiza-Aguiar, William Coloma Gómez, Pablo Andrés Barbecho Bautista, Xavier Calderón
SUMO is one of the tools used to generate synthetic traces of vehicles for VANET simulations. Sumo allows creating vehicles' routes manually, generate random traffic or use traffic demand generation tools. In this paper, a qualitative review of the five traffic demand generation tools of SUMO: DUArouter, JTRrouter, DFrouter, OD2trips and MArouter, is presented. We include the advantages and limitations of each of these tools to simulate vehicles' mobility in real scenarios. In addition, a comparative analysis of these tools is carried out over three access highways of Quito. Our results show that most of the tools provide similar trip times among them but lower than the real ones. However, the distribution of trip times differs among them.
{"title":"Comparison of Traffic Demand Generation Tools in SUMO: Case Study: Access Highways to Quito","authors":"L. Urquiza-Aguiar, William Coloma Gómez, Pablo Andrés Barbecho Bautista, Xavier Calderón","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361521","url":null,"abstract":"SUMO is one of the tools used to generate synthetic traces of vehicles for VANET simulations. Sumo allows creating vehicles' routes manually, generate random traffic or use traffic demand generation tools. In this paper, a qualitative review of the five traffic demand generation tools of SUMO: DUArouter, JTRrouter, DFrouter, OD2trips and MArouter, is presented. We include the advantages and limitations of each of these tools to simulate vehicles' mobility in real scenarios. In addition, a comparative analysis of these tools is carried out over three access highways of Quito. Our results show that most of the tools provide similar trip times among them but lower than the real ones. However, the distribution of trip times differs among them.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"69 1","pages":"15-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82194802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hadiwardoyo, J. Dricot, C. Calafate, Juan-Carlos Cano, Enrique Hernández-Orallo, P. Manzoni
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be used to support car-to-car communications when the infrastructures are not available or are unreliable. However, since cars in vehicular communications are mobile, the UAV that acts as a relay should move dynamically as a response to moving ground vehicles. In this paper, we propose a mobility model to manage how UAVs should move to maintain good coverage levels in terms of communication with moving ground vehicles. The results showed that our proposed model can extend the times with connectivity between the UAV and the cars compared to the static model, which maintains its position from the beginning to the end.
{"title":"UAV Mobility Model for Dynamic UAV-to-Car Communications","authors":"S. Hadiwardoyo, J. Dricot, C. Calafate, Juan-Carlos Cano, Enrique Hernández-Orallo, P. Manzoni","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361517","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) can be used to support car-to-car communications when the infrastructures are not available or are unreliable. However, since cars in vehicular communications are mobile, the UAV that acts as a relay should move dynamically as a response to moving ground vehicles. In this paper, we propose a mobility model to manage how UAVs should move to maintain good coverage levels in terms of communication with moving ground vehicles. The results showed that our proposed model can extend the times with connectivity between the UAV and the cars compared to the static model, which maintains its position from the beginning to the end.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75525283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This document presents a framework for the evaluation of DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) systems, which allows performance measurements to be carried out in an automated and systematic way. We have used Puppeteer, the Node.js library developed by Google, which provides a high level API. This API allows us to automate actions on Chrome Devtools Protocol, such as: start playback, make bandwidth changes and save results of quality change processes, timestamps, stalls and so on. From this data, a processing is made to allow the reconstruction of the visualized video, as well as the extraction of quality metrics and the automated evaluation of the QoE (Quality of Experience) using the ITU-T P.1203 standard.
{"title":"Automatic QoE Evaluation of DASH Streaming using ITU-T Standard P.1203 and Google Puppeteer","authors":"Paola Guzmán Castillo, P. Vila, J. C. Guerri","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361519","url":null,"abstract":"This document presents a framework for the evaluation of DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) systems, which allows performance measurements to be carried out in an automated and systematic way. We have used Puppeteer, the Node.js library developed by Google, which provides a high level API. This API allows us to automate actions on Chrome Devtools Protocol, such as: start playback, make bandwidth changes and save results of quality change processes, timestamps, stalls and so on. From this data, a processing is made to allow the reconstruction of the visualized video, as well as the extraction of quality metrics and the automated evaluation of the QoE (Quality of Experience) using the ITU-T P.1203 standard.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"17 1","pages":"79-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89367555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Session details: Vehicular Networks","authors":"Luis J. de la Cruz Llopis","doi":"10.1145/3373258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3373258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78293612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intelligent traffic signal control is an effective way to solve the traffic congestion problem in the real world. One trend is to use Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to control traffic signals based on the snapshots of traffic states. While most of the research used single numeric reward to frame multiple objectives, such as minimizing waiting time and waiting queue length, they overlooked that one reward for multiple objectives misleads agents taking wrong actions in certain states, which causes following traffic fluctuation. In this paper, we propose a DRL-based framework that uses multiple rewards for multiple objectives. Our framework aims to solve the difficulty of assessing behaviours by single numeric reward and control traffic flows more steadily. We evaluated our approach on both synthetic traffic scenarios and a real-world traffic dataset in Toronto. The results show that our approach outperformed single reward-based approaches.
{"title":"Traffic Signal Control Using Deep Reinforcement Learning with Multiple Resources of Rewards","authors":"Dunhao Zhong, A. Boukerche","doi":"10.1145/3345860.3361522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3345860.3361522","url":null,"abstract":"Intelligent traffic signal control is an effective way to solve the traffic congestion problem in the real world. One trend is to use Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to control traffic signals based on the snapshots of traffic states. While most of the research used single numeric reward to frame multiple objectives, such as minimizing waiting time and waiting queue length, they overlooked that one reward for multiple objectives misleads agents taking wrong actions in certain states, which causes following traffic fluctuation. In this paper, we propose a DRL-based framework that uses multiple rewards for multiple objectives. Our framework aims to solve the difficulty of assessing behaviours by single numeric reward and control traffic flows more steadily. We evaluated our approach on both synthetic traffic scenarios and a real-world traffic dataset in Toronto. The results show that our approach outperformed single reward-based approaches.","PeriodicalId":55557,"journal":{"name":"Ad Hoc & Sensor Wireless Networks","volume":"10 1","pages":"23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90971231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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