Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology最新文献

{"title":"One Thousand Nesting Pairs Packed into One Hundred Square Metres: The Sad Story of the Sandwich Terns Thalasseus Sandvicensis of the Venice Lagoon","authors":"R. Valle, F. Scarton","doi":"10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.sc1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.sc1","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Coastal wetlands support many globally threatened seabird species and may be critical for their conservation. Sea level rise dramatically affects coastal tidal marshes, thus posing the greatest threat to the survival of many seabird species, including gulls and terns. Sandwich Terns Thalasseus sandvicensis are particularly vulnerable to this threat. Although they breed in a wide range of habitats they chiefly nest close to water, just above the tideline. Here, we describe the particular vulnerability of the entire Sandwich Tern breeding population of the Venice Lagoon. Three colonies were found early in the 2022 breeding season, two of them on artificial habitat: on a small dredge island (0.01ha; 0.70m above sea level) in the Northern Lagoon and on an islet (0.01ha, elevation 0.5m a.s.l.) formed by bricks of a collapsed old building in the Southern Lagoon. The third colony was on a natural marsh island (1.50ha, 0.40m a.s.l.). These colonies hosted respectively 150, 369 and 1,100 pairs. In total, 1,111 out of 1,619 nests (68.6%) were flooded early in the season, with marked differences between sites; nest losses ranged from 86% on the brick island through 69% on the marsh island to 0% on the dredge island. The terns laid 1,043 replacement clutches, exclusively on the dredge island, joining the birds on this safe site. Overall, 795 chicks fledged (0.30 per breeding attempt) over the whole breeding season, with extreme differences between colony sites. Productivity ranged from zero fledglings per breeding attempt on the marsh island through 0.14 on the brick island to 0.75 on the dredge island. Artificial sites such as dredge islands may offer safe nesting sites and enable high productivity for Sandwich Tern when compared to saltmarsh islets. Given the probability of future sea level rises, a long-term management plan for these artificial sites is urgently needed.—Valle, R.G. & Scarton, F. (2023). One thousand nesting pairs packed into one hundred square metres: the sad story of the Sandwich Terns Thalasseus sandvicensis of the Venice Lagoon. Ardeola, 70: 89-103. Resumen. Los humedales costeros sustentan a muchas especies de aves marinas amenazadas en todo el mundo y pueden ser fundamentales para su conservación. El aumento del nivel del mar afecta drásticamente a las marismas costeras, lo que supone la mayor amenaza para la supervivencia de muchas especies de aves marinas, incluidas las gaviotas y los charranes. El charrán patinegro Thalasseus sandvicensis es especialmente vulnerable a esta amenaza. Aunque cría en una amplia gama de hábitats, anida principalmente cerca del agua, justo por encima de la línea de costa. Aquí describimos la particular vulnerabilidad de toda la población reproductora de charrán patinegro de la laguna de Venecia. Se encontraron tres colonias a principios de la temporada de cría de 2022, dos de ellas en hábitats artificiales: en una pequeña isla de dragado (0,01 ha; 0,70 m sobre el nivel del mar) en la laguna Nor","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"58 1","pages":"89 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82178954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phd-Dissertation Reviews in Ornithology in Spain (2021-2022 Academic Year)","authors":"F. Valera","doi":"10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ph","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ph","url":null,"abstract":": Biological control of rodents by predation in agricultural ecosystems has been suggested for several decades as a sustainable alternative to the widespread use of anticoagulant rodenticides, due to the lower environmental impact of the former method. Cavity-nesting raptors can be considered optimal biological agents, as their abundances tend to increase rapidly through the installation of nest boxes, especially in agricultural environments where the availability of natural nesting cavities is often scarce. In this thesis, we evaluated the biological control on the Common Vole ( Microtus arvalis ), and the Mediterranean Pine Vole ( Microtus duodecimcostatus ), by favoring the presence of two predators (one generalist and the other specialist), with high mobility capacity: the Common Kestrel ( Fal-co tinnunculus ) and the Barn Owl ( Tyto alba ), in regions of the Iberian Peninsula where recurrent demographic explosions of voles associated with agricultural damage have been recorded. Biological control by predation can","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"50 1","pages":"105 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89686750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Extra-Pair Paternity and Polygamy in the Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis","authors":"M. Cepková, M. Melišková, L. Rubáčová","doi":"10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ra2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ra2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Monogamy was considered to be the most common mating system in birds. However, molecular techniques revealed numerous cases of extra-pair fertilisations (EPFs) in most bird species as well as multiple partners during breeding season. In this study, we examined the population of the Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis breeding along the Danube River system in Slovakia during three consecutive breeding seasons (2016-2018). We analysed 618 individuals – 70 adults and 548 nestlings from 87 broods. Overall, six nestlings (1.09%) from three different broods (3.45%) were fathered by other than the pair male. None of the nestlings had a mother other than the pair female. Besides that, we detected two simultaneously polygamous males (5.13%). In seven cases (9.72%) we revealed mate change between different broods: female change in three cases (4.17%) and male change in four cases (5.55%). The occurrence of extra-pair nestlings as well as polygamy was not associated with the synchronicity of breeding attempts at the beginning of the season, while the type of mating strategy seems to be associated with nest density. At the same time, male body condition was unrelated to the type of mating strategy in which he was engaged. Conversely, polygamous males had higher genetic diversity (observed heterozygosity) than monogamous ones. No difference in genetic diversity was found between monogamous and polygamous females. There was no difference in breeding success before and after the change of partner. In addition, polygamous individuals did not have more young than monogamous birds, suggesting that having more than one partner does not ensure greater breeding productivity. This is probably why polygamy remains a minority strategy in the Common Kingfisher.—Cepková, M., Melišková, M. & Rubáčová, L. (2023). Low extra-pair paternity and polygamy in the Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis. Ardeola, 70: 41-58. Resumen. La monogamia es considerada el sistema de apareamiento común en las aves. Sin embargo, análisis moleculares han revelado que, en la mayoría de las aves, pueden ocurrir casos de emparejamientos extrapareja, así como de intercambios de parejas durante o entre las temporadas de reproducción. En este estudio nos centramos en una población de martín pescador común localizada en el río Danubio (Eslovaquia) durante tres temporadas consecutivas de reproducción (2016-2018), analizando un total de 648 individuos correspondientes a 71 adultos y 577 polluelos de 92 nidadas. Los análisis mostraron que seis pollos (1,04%) de tres crías diferentes (3,26%) tenían un padre diferente, aunque ninguno de ellos tuvo una madre distinta. Además, detectamos dos machos polígamos simultáneamente (5,13%). Mientras que un macho se apareó con dos hembras, otro tuvo cuatro parejas. En siete casos (9,6%) encontramos evidencias de intercambio de pareja entre distintas crías, de las que en tres ocasiones (4,11%) se intercambiaron hembras y cuatro veces (5,48%) machos. En general, estos r","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"68 1","pages":"41 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78981085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Dimorphism and Parental Care in the Wren-Like Rushbird Phleocryptes melanops","authors":"Matías G. Pretelli, N. Chiaradia, Augusto Cardoni, A. Baladrón, M. Cavalli, E. Madrid, J. Isacch","doi":"10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ra1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.ra1","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. The Furnariidae is a very diverse family of Neotropical passerines in which the role of sexes in nest attendance and the possible existence of sexual dimorphism still remain poorly known for most species. Here, in a study spanning two breeding seasons, we analyzed the sexual dimorphism in morphology and the parental roles during incubation and chick rearing in the Wren-like Rushbird Phleocryptes melanops, a typical furnariid distributed in the southern wetlands of South America. Given previous knowledge of natural history of this family, we expected a slight dimorphism in size and a similar role of the sexes in parental care. Adults were captured and measured, and blood samples taken for molecular sex determination. Males had on average, 10.3%, 10.2%, 5.3%, and 4.4% larger bill lengths, tail lengths, wing chord lengths, and tarsus lengths than females, respectively, whereas no significant sexual differences were found for bill widths and depths. In addition, we found that both parents participated similarly in all reproductive activities during incubation and nestling stages, in line with the general pattern reported in furnariids. The sexual selection hypothesis may best explain the size differences between the sexes and in the behaviour of the species at the beginning of the nesting cycle. —Pretelli, M.G., Chiaradia, N., Cardoni, A., Baladrón, A., Cavalli, M., Madrid, E. & Isacch, J.P. (2023). Sexual dimorphism and parental care in the Wren-like Rushbird Phleocryptes melanops. Ardeola, 70: 29-40. Resumen. Furnariidae es una familia con una gran diversidad de paseriformes neotropicales, sin embargo, el rol de los sexos en la atención del nido y la posible existencia de dimorfismo sexual aún permanecen poco conocidos para la mayoría de las especies. Durante dos temporadas reproductivas, analizamos el dimorfismo sexual y el rol de los parentales durante la incubación y cría de pollos en el junquero Phleocryptes melanops, un furnárido típico que habita en los humedales del sur de Sudamérica. Dado el conocimiento previo sobre la historia natural de esta familia, esperamos un leve dimorfismo en tamaño y un rol similar de los sexos en el cuidado parental. Los adultos fueron capturados y medidos, y se les extrajo una muestra de sangre para el sexado molecular. Hallamos que los machos, en promedio, fueron 10,3%, 10,2%, 5,3% y 4,4% más grandes que las hembras en el largo del pico, cola, cuerda de ala y tarso, mientras que el ancho y la profundidad del pico no difirieron. Además, encontramos que ambos parentales participan similarmente en todas las actividades reproductivas durante la incubación y en la etapa de pollos, lo que concuerda con el patrón general reportado para furnáridos. La hipótesis de selección sexual es la que mejor podría explicar las diferencias halladas en el tamaño entre sexos y en el comportamiento de la especie al comienzo del ciclo reproductivo.—Pretelli, M.G., Chiaradia, N., Cardoni, A., Baladrón, A., Cavalli, M., Madrid,","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"121 1","pages":"29 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78088869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Electrocutions on Power Lines in Kazakhstan and Russia","authors":"J. F. Dwyer, I. Karyakin, José Rafael Garrido López, E. G. Nikolenko","doi":"10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.rp1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.70.1.2023.rp1","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Electrocutions involving power lines negatively impact avian populations on six continents. Affected species and mitigation strategies to minimise these effects are well described in parts of North America, Europe and southern Africa and are being developed in Asia, Australia and South America. Probably the most geographically dispersed electric system in the world is in Russia, where avian electrocutions have been documented since the 1970s. Research into avian electrocutions in Kazakhstan and southern Russia is extensive but is largely unknown outside Russia, which limits opportunities to consider cumulative regional effects. This review summarises what is known of avian electrocutions in Kazakhstan and Russia. Avian electrocutions on power lines were first identified in Russia in 1937, with concerns focused on impacts on electric system reliability, not wildlife populations. Electrocutions increased substantially in the 1970s when construction standards transitioned from wooden poles with wooden crossarms, which posed relatively low risk, to concrete pylons with steel crossarms, which posed and continue to pose much higher risks. Impacts to raptor populations are greatest where 6-10kV electric systems traverse vast arid landscapes with few natural tall perches. Birds perching on pylons can simultaneously contact live (energised) conductors and earthed (grounded) crossarms, creating an electrical circuit. Raptors are the bird group most often electrocuted, and this source of non-natural mortality is contributing to declines in Asian raptor populations. For example, Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis populations have collapsed in the Caspian steppes of Kazakhstan and southern Russia, declining from 20,000 pairs to 1,100 pairs. Fines for electrocutions codified in Russian law are intended to persuade Russian electric utilities to implement mitigation measures, but because fines are rarely enforced either within Russia or within neighbouring countries, mitigation measures are largely omitted even in new construction, and even in places with extensive documentation of electrocutions. Importantly, electric systems are similar across the many countries of the former Soviet Union that now share international boundaries and connected electric systems, probably posing substantial cumulative risks for migrant birds traversing the region.—Dwyer, J.F., Karyakin, I.V., Garrido López, J.R. & Nikolenko, E.G. (2023). Avian electrocutions on power lines in Kazakhstan and Russia. Ardeola, 70: 3-27. Resumen. Las electrocuciones en tendidos eléctricos afectan negativamente a las poblaciones de aves en los seis continentes. Las especies afectadas y las estrategias de mitigación para minimizar estos efectos están bien descritas en Norteamérica, Europa y el sur de África, y se están desarrollando en Asia, Australia y Sudamérica. Probablemente, la red eléctrica más dispersa geográficamente en el mundo se encuentra en Rusia, el país más grande del planeta, donde s","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"338 1","pages":"3 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82900843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noticiario Ornitológico","authors":"B. Molina, J. Prieta, J. Lorenzo, Carles López Jurado","doi":"10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.on","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.on","url":null,"abstract":"Siguen las altas cifras de abundancia en las marismas de Santoña. En el invierno 2021/2022 se han contabilizado un total de 671 ejemplares el día 18 de enero en la playa de El Regatón (Laredo). Se trata de la tercera mayor abundancia de esta “nueva” especie invernante en este parque natural, solo superada por los 760 individuos de febrero de 2020 y los 712 de enero de 2021 (Equipo de seguimiento de SEO/BirdLife en Cantabria).","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"51 1","pages":"371 - 414"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84730778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observaciones de Aves Raras en España (2018-Julio 2020)","authors":"Marcel Gil Velasco, Manuel García-Tarrasón, Javier Hernández Cabello, Marc Illa Llobet, Ferran López Sanz, Daniel López-Velasco, Aitor Mora Solano, Àlex Ollé Torner, M. Esteban, Hugo Sánchez Mateos, Gonzalo Pardo de Santayana Trueba, Andres Julian Rojas Sanchez, David Santamaría Urbano","doi":"10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.rb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.rb","url":null,"abstract":"Este es el informe número 34 del Comité de Rarezas (CR), y recoge los datos recopilados entre el 1 de enero de 2018 y el 31 de julio de 2020, además de algunos referentes a años previos. Se pueden consultar los informes bimensuales posteriores en https://seo.org/informes-rarezas/ El presente informe publica 690 registros estudiados y aceptados por el Comité de Rarezas (CR), relativos a la presencia de 105 taxones de aves raras en el conjunto de España. Las citas más destacables que incluye son las de águila moteada variedad fulvescens (Clanga clanga var. fulvescens), –primer registro para España–, milano de pico amarillo (Milvus aegyptius), –primer registro para España–, charrancito americano (Sternula antillarum), –primer registro para España–, carraca abisinia (Coracias abyssinicus), –segundo registro para España y Canarias–, bisbita norteamericano (Anthus rubescens), –segundo registro para España–, lavandera boyera “siberiana” (Motacilla tschutschensis), –primer y segundo registro para España–, collalba rubia oriental (Oenanthe melanoleuca), –segundo registro para España–, collalba yebélica (Oenanthe leucopyga), –segundo y tercer registro para España– y alcaudón pardo (Lanius cristatus), –segundo registro para España–. Estructura del informe: Se ordenan las citas por años, empezando por los años previos. Dentro de cada año, se ordenan alfabéticamente las provincias y, dentro de ellas, los registros se publican cronológicamente. Para facilitar el recuento de los datos homologados, aquellos registros considerados como referidos a ejemplares ya citados en otros informes o en el presente, vienen precedidos en el texto de un asterisco, indicando que no computan para el recuento.","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"1 1","pages":"329 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87535746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Biodiversity and Frugivory in an Agroecological Cherry Orchard in The Pampas Region of Argentina","authors":"Tomás O'Connor, G. García, J. Isacch","doi":"10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.ra5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.ra5","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Agroecology tends to benefit biodiversity and takes advantage of some ecosystem services like natural pest control. However, when biodiversity and agricultural production conflict, it is necessary to determine the causes of losses before applying control measures. Our study aimed to evaluate bird diversity in a cherry orchard in Argentina and to analyse the fruit consumption rates of the different species. A total of 82 hours of observation on 35 3 × 3m plots were made, during which we recorded bird richness, number of individuals per species and cherry consumption per species. Plot location within the orchard, tree shape and time of day were noted at each observation point. We also counted the total number of cherries in each plot and classed them as healthy, with watermarks, attacked by fungi or damaged by birds. A total of 21 bird species were observed. Cherry consumption was higher during the morning and along the orchard edge. The proportion of cherries affected by fungi was greater than that affected by birds and water. Our findings support the idea that agroecological systems provide a refuge for many bird species with only minor costs to the producer. —O'Connor, T., García, G.Ó. & Isacch, J.P. (2022). Avian biodiversity and frugivory in an agroecological cherry orchard in the Pampas region of Argentina. Resumen. La agroecología tiende a beneficiar a la biodiversidad mientras que toma provecho de algunos de los servicios ecosistémicos, como por ejemplo el control natural de plagas. Sin embargo, cuando la biodiversidad y la producción agrícola entran en conflicto, es necesario determinar las causas de las pérdidas previo a tomar medidas de control. Nuestro estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la diversidad de aves en un cultivo de cerezas ubicado en Argentina, y analizar las tasas de consumo de frutos de las diferentes especies de aves. Se realizó un total de 82 horas de observación en 35 cuadrantes de 3 m × 3 m durante las cuales se registró la riqueza de aves, el número de individuos por especie y el total de cerezas consumidas por especie. Se consideró la posición de los cuadrantes dentro del cultivo, la forma del árbol y la hora del día. Además, se contabilizó el número total de cerezas en cada cuadrante de 3 m × 3 m y se las clasificó en cerezas con marcas de agua, atacadas por hongos, dañadas por pájaros o sanas. Se observaron un total de 21 especies de aves. El consumo de cerezas fue mayor durante la mañana y en el borde del cultivo. La proporción de cerezas afectadas por hongos fue mayor que la cantidad afectada por aves y agua. Nuestros hallazgos respaldan la idea de que los sistemas agroecológicos brindan refugio a muchas especies de aves con costos bajos para el productor. —O'Connor, T., García, G.Ó. e Isacch, J.P. (2022). Biodiversidad de aves y eventos de frugivoría en un cultivo agroecológico de cerezas en la región Pampeana de Argentina.","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"35 1","pages":"249 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75660681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Assessment of Productivity of Purple Herons Ardea purpurea by Drone Conducted Monitoring","authors":"R. Valle, F. Scarton","doi":"10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.ra4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.ra4","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Measuring productivity of Ardeidae is often problematic, challenged by difficulties in site access and the need to avoid disturbing nesting birds. Drones are increasingly used for ecological applications and their use seems to at least partially overcome these problems. The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of drone-conducted monitoring of productivity in Purple Herons Ardea purpurea breeding in NE Italy wetlands. The accuracy of drone counts using two drone approaches (overflight vs close-up) was compared using their combination as assumed true counts. The 14 colonies studied hosted 615 nests, the majority of which were located in reedbeds. Colony size did not differ in relation to habitat type. Colonies showed significant differences in productivity between habitats, with more young fledged in reedbed-located colonies than in bushes. Overall the accuracy of both overflight and close-up drone counts remained high in serial revisits throughout the breeding period. Drone surveys caused a low degree of disturbance. No apparent negative effects of drone flights on nesting pairs, clutches or young were observed. The study shows that drone use allowed an effective measurement of Purple Heron productivity that was rapid and safe for the birds.—Valle, R.G. & Scarton, F. (2022). Rapid assessment of productivity of Purple Herons Ardea purpurea by drone conducted monitoring. Resumen. La medición de la productividad en las ardeidas es a menudo problemática debido a las dificultades de acceso al lugar y a la necesidad de evitar molestar a las aves que anidan. Los drones se utilizan cada vez más para aplicaciones ecológicas y su uso parece superar, al menos parcialmente, estos problemas. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la eficacia y la seguridad del seguimiento con drones de la productividad de las garzas imperiales Ardea purpurea que se reproducen en los humedales del noreste de Italia. Se comparó la precisión de los conteos realizados con drones utilizando dos métodos (sobrevuelo vs. acercamiento) asumiendo que la combinación de ambos proporcionaba la abundancia real. Las 14 colonias estudiadas albergaban 615 nidos, la mayoría de los cuales estaban situados en cañaverales. El tamaño de las colonias no difirió en relación con el tipo de hábitat. Las colonias mostraron diferencias significativas en la productividad entre hábitats, con más crías que alcanzaron la edad de vuelo en las colonias situadas en los cañaverales que en los arbustos. En general, la precisión de los recuentos con drones, tanto en vuelo como en acercamiento, se mantuvo alta durante todo el periodo de cría. Los muestreos con drones causaron un bajo grado de perturbación. No se observaron efectos negativos aparentes de los vuelos de drones sobre las parejas nidificantes, las nidadas o las crías. El estudio muestra que el uso de drones permitió una medición eficaz de la productividad de la garza imperial, que fue rápida y segura para las aves","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"1 1","pages":"231 - 248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90857093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenology and Wintering Population Estimates of Auks in the Mediterranean Sea Based on Counts from a Strategic Coastal Location in the Strait of Gibraltar","authors":"Andrés de la Cruz, Laura Rollán, B. Pérez, Marin Guerrero, Javier Elorriaga, Rafa Benjumea, Miguel González, Yeray Seminario, G. M. Arroyo, J. Ramírez","doi":"10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.sc4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13157/arla.69.2.2022.sc4","url":null,"abstract":"Summary. Some migratory seabird populations have declined sharply in recent decades. Monitoring their migratory movements from strategic locations provides a useful tool to understand their phenology and estimate their population sizes. During the autumn 2020 and spring 2021 migration periods, we conducted a total of 183 hours of counts of two auk species, Razorbill Alca torda and Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica, from a strategic coastal point (Tarifa Island in the Strait of Gibraltar). We used Generalized Additive Models (GzAM) to estimate the number of birds that could have entered or left the Mediterranean Sea on the days that no counting took place. Auks entered the Mediterranean from early October to early winter, peaking in the second half of November. In spring, Razorbill movements leaving the Mediterranean were concentrated from mid-January to mid-April, while the peak Atlantic Puffin movement occurred from mid-February to May. We estimate that 4,000-5,000 Razorbills and 15,000 Atlantic Puffins made up the populations migrating through the Strait of Gibraltar in the year of the study. These figures are notably lower than those previously reported for auks passing through this migratory bottleneck. Hence, the results of this study, despite coming from a single year of monitoring, may contribute significantly to assessing the numbers of auks that winter in the Mediterranean and could eventually draw attention to possible declines in their numbers.—De la Cruz, A., Rollán, L., Pérez, B., Guerrero, M., Elorriaga, J., Benjumea, R., González, M., Seminario, Y., Arroyo, G.M. & Ramírez, J. (2022). Phenology and wintering population estimates of auks in the Mediterranean Sea based on counts from a strategic coastal location in the Strait of Gibraltar. Ardeola, 69: 303-317. Resumen. Las poblaciones de aves marinas migratorias han sufrido un fuerte descenso en las últimas décadas. El seguimiento de sus movimientos migratorios desde lugares estratégicos supone una herramienta de gran utilidad para entender su fenología y estimar el tamaño de sus poblaciones. Durante los periodos migratorios de otoño de 2020 y primavera de 2021, realizamos censos de dos especies de álcidos, alca común Alca torda y frailecillo atlántico Fratercula arctica, desde un punto costero estratégico (la isla de Tarifa en el estrecho de Gibraltar), contabilizando un total de 183 horas de observación. Se utilizaron modelos aditivos generalizados (GzAM) para estimar el número de aves que podrían haber entrado o salido del Mediterráneo en los días en que no se realizó ningún recuento. Los álcidos entraron al Mediterráneo desde principios de octubre hasta principios del invierno, con un pico en la segunda mitad de noviembre. Durante la migración de primavera, las alcas que salieron hacia el Atlántico se concentraron desde mediados de enero hasta mediados de abril, mientras que el pico de movimiento de los frailecillos se produjo desde mediados de febrero hasta mayo. Estimamos que ","PeriodicalId":55571,"journal":{"name":"Ardeola-International Journal of Ornithology","volume":"56 1","pages":"303 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79736694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}